51
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Galvin CJ, Genzer J. Applications of surface-grafted macromolecules derived from post-polymerization modification reactions. Prog Polym Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2011.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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52
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Sajid M, Stute A, Cardenas AJP, Culotta BJ, Hepperle JAM, Warren TH, Schirmer B, Grimme S, Studer A, Daniliuc CG, Fröhlich R, Petersen JL, Kehr G, Erker G. N,N-addition of frustrated Lewis pairs to nitric oxide: an easy entry to a unique family of aminoxyl radicals. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:10156-68. [PMID: 22548454 DOI: 10.1021/ja302652a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The intramolecular cyclohexylene-bridged P/B frustrated Lewis pair [Mes(2)P-C(6)H(10)-B(C(6)F(5))(2)] 1b reacts rapidly with NO to give the persistent FLP-NO aminoxyl radical 2b formed by P/B addition to the nitrogen atom of NO. This species was fully characterized by X-ray diffraction, EPR and UV/vis spectroscopies, C,H,N elemental analysis, and DFT calculations. The reactive oxygen-centered radical 2b undergoes a H-atom abstraction (HAA) reaction with 1,4-cyclohexadiene to give the diamagnetic FLP-NOH product 3b. FLP-NO 2b reacts with toluene at 70 °C in an HAA/radical capture sequence to give a 1:1 mixture of FLP-NOH 3b and FLP-NO-CH(2)Ph 4b, both characterized by X-ray diffraction. Structurally related FLPs [Mes(2)P-CHR(1)-CHR(2)-B(C(6)F(5))(2)] 1c, 1d, and 1e react analogously with NO to give the respective persistent FLP-NO radicals 2c, 2d, and 2e, respectively, which show similar HAA and O-functionalization reactions. The FLP-NO-CHMePh 6b derived from 1-bromoethylbenzene undergoes NO-C bond cleavage at 120 °C with an activation energy of E(a) = 35(2) kcal/mol. Species 6b induces the controlled nitroxide-mediated radical polymerization (NMP) of styrene at 130 °C to give polystyrene with a polydispersity index of 1.3. The FLP-NO systems represent a new family of aminoxyl radicals that are easily available by N,N-cycloaddition of C(2)-bridged intramolecular P/B frustrated Lewis pairs to nitric oxide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Sajid
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
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53
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Chirowodza H, Weber W, Hartmann P, Pasch H. Surface-Initiated Reversible Addition Fragmentation Chain Transfer (RAFT) Polymerization of Styrene from Laponite Clay Surfaces. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/masy.201250315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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54
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Chirowodza H, Hartmann PC, Pasch H. MALDI-TOF MS Analysis of the Grafting of Clay Nanoparticles with Poly(butyl acrylate). MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201100671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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55
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Turgman-Cohen S, Genzer J. Computer Simulation of Concurrent Bulk- and Surface-Initiated Living Polymerization. Macromolecules 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/ma202679r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Salomon Turgman-Cohen
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7905, United States
| | - Jan Genzer
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7905, United States
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56
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de Graaf AJ, Mastrobattista E, Vermonden T, van Nostrum CF, Rijkers DTS, Liskamp RMJ, Hennink WE. Thermosensitive Peptide-Hybrid ABC Block Copolymers Obtained by ATRP: Synthesis, Self-Assembly, and Enzymatic Degradation. Macromolecules 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/ma2024667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Albert J. de Graaf
- Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Pharmaceutics, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80.082, 3508TB Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Enrico Mastrobattista
- Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Pharmaceutics, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80.082, 3508TB Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Tina Vermonden
- Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Pharmaceutics, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80.082, 3508TB Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Cornelus F. van Nostrum
- Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Pharmaceutics, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80.082, 3508TB Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Dirk T. S. Rijkers
- Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80.082, 3508TB Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Rob M. J. Liskamp
- Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80.082, 3508TB Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Wim E. Hennink
- Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Pharmaceutics, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80.082, 3508TB Utrecht, The Netherlands
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57
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Olivier A, Meyer F, Raquez JM, Damman P, Dubois P. Surface-initiated controlled polymerization as a convenient method for designing functional polymer brushes: From self-assembled monolayers to patterned surfaces. Prog Polym Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2011.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 208] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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58
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Sato T, Amamoto Y, Yamaguchi H, Ohishi T, Takahara A, Otsuka H. Dynamic covalent polymer brushes: reversible surface modification of reactive polymer brushes with alkoxyamine-based dynamic covalent bonds. Polym Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2py20294h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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59
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Damiron D, Mazzolini J, Cousin F, Boisson C, D'Agosto F, Drockenmuller E. Poly(ethylene) brushes grafted to silicon substrates. Polym Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c1py00459j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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60
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Turgman-Cohen S, Genzer J. Simultaneous Bulk- and Surface-Initiated Controlled Radical Polymerization from Planar Substrates. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:17567-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ja2081636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Salomon Turgman-Cohen
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Jan Genzer
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
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61
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Wagner H, Brinks MK, Hirtz M, Schäfer A, Chi L, Studer A. Chemical Surface Modification of Self-Assembled Monolayers by Radical Nitroxide Exchange Reactions. Chemistry 2011; 17:9107-12. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201100543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2011] [Revised: 04/04/2011] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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62
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Tebben L, Studer A. Nitroxides: applications in synthesis and in polymer chemistry. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 50:5034-68. [PMID: 21538729 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201002547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 505] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2010] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
This Review describes the application of nitroxides to synthesis and polymer chemistry. The synthesis and physical properties of nitroxides are discussed first. The largest section focuses on their application as stoichiometric and catalytic oxidants in organic synthesis. The oxidation of alcohols and carbanions, as well as oxidative C-C bond-forming reactions are presented along with other typical oxidative transformations. A section is also dedicated to the extensive use of nitroxides as trapping reagents for C-centered radicals in radical chemistry. Alkoxyamines derived from nitroxides are shown to be highly useful precursors of C-centered radicals in synthesis and also in polymer chemistry. The last section discusses the basics of nitroxide-mediated radical polymerization (NMP) and also highlights new developments in the synthesis of complex polymer architectures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludger Tebben
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
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63
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64
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Zdyrko B, Luzinov I. Polymer Brushes by the “Grafting to” Method. Macromol Rapid Commun 2011; 32:859-69. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201100162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 225] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2011] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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65
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Blas H, Save M, Boissière C, Sanchez C, Charleux B. Surface-Initiated Nitroxide-Mediated Polymerization from Ordered Mesoporous Silica. Macromolecules 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/ma200354r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Blas
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères, UPMC and CNRS, Université Paris 6, UMR 7610, 4 Place Jussieu, 75252 PARIS Cedex 05, France
| | - Maud Save
- IPREM Groupe Physique et Chimie des Polymères, Université de Pau et des Pays de l’Adour and CNRS, UMR 5254, Technopole Hélioparc, 2 Av Président Angot, 64053 PAU Cedex 9, France
| | - Cédric Boissière
- Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée, Collège de France, UPMC and CNRS, Université Paris 6, UMR 7574, bâtiment C−D, 11, place Marcelin-Berthelot, 75231 PARIS Cedex 05, France
| | - Clément Sanchez
- Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée, Collège de France, UPMC and CNRS, Université Paris 6, UMR 7574, bâtiment C−D, 11, place Marcelin-Berthelot, 75231 PARIS Cedex 05, France
| | - Bernadette Charleux
- CPE Lyon, CNRS UMR 5265, Laboratoire de Chimie Catalyse Polymères et Procédés (C2P2), Université Lyon 1, Team LCPP Bat 308F, 43 Bd du 11 novembre 1918, F-69616 Villeurbanne, France
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66
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Ivanova-Mitseva PK, Fragkou V, Lakshmi D, Whitcombe MJ, Davis F, Guerreiro A, Crayston JA, Ivanova DK, Mitsev PA, Piletska EV, Piletsky SA. Conjugated Polymers with Pendant Iniferter Units: Versatile Materials for Grafting. Macromolecules 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/ma102692h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Petya K. Ivanova-Mitseva
- Cranfield Health, Vincent Building, Cranfield University, Cranfield, Bedfordshire, MK43 0AL, U.K
| | - Vasiliki Fragkou
- Cranfield Health, Vincent Building, Cranfield University, Cranfield, Bedfordshire, MK43 0AL, U.K
| | - Dhana Lakshmi
- Cranfield Health, Vincent Building, Cranfield University, Cranfield, Bedfordshire, MK43 0AL, U.K
| | - Michael J. Whitcombe
- Cranfield Health, Vincent Building, Cranfield University, Cranfield, Bedfordshire, MK43 0AL, U.K
| | - Frank Davis
- Cranfield Health, Vincent Building, Cranfield University, Cranfield, Bedfordshire, MK43 0AL, U.K
| | - Antonio Guerreiro
- Cranfield Health, Vincent Building, Cranfield University, Cranfield, Bedfordshire, MK43 0AL, U.K
| | - Joseph A. Crayston
- School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, North Haugh, St. Andrews, Fife, KY16 9ST, Scotland, U.K
| | - Diana K. Ivanova
- Cranfield Health, Vincent Building, Cranfield University, Cranfield, Bedfordshire, MK43 0AL, U.K
| | - Petar A. Mitsev
- School of Applied Sciences, Cranfield University, Cranfield, Bedfordshire, MK43 0AL, U.K
| | - Elena V. Piletska
- Cranfield Health, Vincent Building, Cranfield University, Cranfield, Bedfordshire, MK43 0AL, U.K
| | - Sergey A. Piletsky
- Cranfield Health, Vincent Building, Cranfield University, Cranfield, Bedfordshire, MK43 0AL, U.K
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67
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Möller M, Hentschel C, Chi L, Studer A. Aggregation behaviour of peptide-polymer conjugates containing linear peptide backbones and multiple polymer side chains prepared by nitroxide-mediated radical polymerization. Org Biomol Chem 2011; 9:2403-12. [PMID: 21321771 DOI: 10.1039/c0ob01047b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
A series of peptides with an alternating sequence of alkoxyamine conjugated lysine and glycine residues were synthesized by classical solution phase peptide coupling. The resulting peptides containing up to eight alkoxyamine moieties were used as initiators in nitroxide-mediated polymerization (NMP) to obtain peptide-polymer conjugates with well defined linear peptide backbones and a defined number of polymeric side chains. Polymerization of styrene and N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM) occurred in a highly controlled fashion. Molecular weight and polydispersity index (PDI) were determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC). Aggregation behaviour of these hybrid materials was investigated by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Depending on composition, number and length of the polymer side chains, the conjugates aggregate to different topologies. Whereas peptide-polystyrene conjugates may aggregate to so called honeycomb structures, peptide-poly-N-isopropylacrylamide conjugates show differentiated aggregation behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Möller
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut and NRW Graduate School of Chemistry, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
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68
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Chevigny C, Gigmes D, Bertin D, Schweins R, Jestin J, Boué F. Controlled grafting of polystyrene on silicananoparticles using NMP: a new route without free initiator to tune the grafted chain length. Polym Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c0py00271b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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69
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Becker M, Cola LD, Studer A. Site-specific immobilization of proteins at zeolite L crystals by nitroxide exchange reactions. Chem Commun (Camb) 2011; 47:3392-4. [DOI: 10.1039/c0cc05474g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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70
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Ostaci RV, Damiron D, Al Akhrass S, Grohens Y, Drockenmuller E. Poly(ethylene glycol) brushes grafted to silicon substrates by click chemistry: influence of PEG chain length, concentration in the grafting solution and reaction time. Polym Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c0py00251h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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71
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Wagner CB, Studer A. Synthesis of Macro(alkoxyamines) via Hydroboration of Polyolefins with Subsequent Nitroxide Oxidation for Controlled NMP. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201000420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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72
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Zhuang X, Xiao C, Oyaizu K, Chikushi N, Chen X, Nishide H. Synthesis of amphiphilic block copolymers bearing stable nitroxyl radicals. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.24345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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73
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Niehaus JC, Hirtz M, Brinks MK, Studer A, Fuchs H, Chi L. Patterning of functional compounds by multicomponent Langmuir-Blodgett transfer and subsequent chemical modification. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2010; 26:15388-15393. [PMID: 20822114 DOI: 10.1021/la102881r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The multicomponent transfer of functional molecules by Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) technique onto solid substrates offers an interesting route for generation of functionalized patterns by self-assembly over large surface areas. In the present paper, we discuss LB transfer of mixed LB films containing different functional amphiphiles (an azide, an estrone derivate, a lithocholic acid derivative, or an alkoxyamine) in combination with dipalmitoylphosphatidyl choline (DPPC). The effect of the mixing ratio on pattern formation is discussed, and we provide some general design rules for the synthesis of functional molecules to be applicable for the multicomponent LB transfer process. We show that these functional compounds can be successfully transferred to oxidized Si wafers in stripe pattern. Covalent attachment of the functional entities is easily achieved, and the patterned surfaces are then ready for further chemical manipulation. This is demonstrated by site-specifically covalent attaching dye molecules applying the copper(l)-catalyzed alkyne azide click reaction (CuAAC), the thiol-ene reaction, and a surface-initiated radical polymerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia C Niehaus
- Physikalisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
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74
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75
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76
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Schulte B, Tsotsalas M, Becker M, Studer A, De Cola L. Dynamische Selbstorganisation von Mikrokristallen über Nitroxidaustauschreaktionen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201002851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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77
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Megiel E, Kaim A, Cyrański MK. Theoretical and experimental studies on stability of the C-ON bond in new ketone functionalized N-alkoxyamines. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.1685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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78
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Chen F, Jiang X, Liu R, Yin J. Well-defined PMMA brush on silica particles fabricated by surface-initiated photopolymerization (SIPP). ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2010; 2:1031-1037. [PMID: 20423123 DOI: 10.1021/am900758j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The photochemical method is a convenient and simple way to synthesize the polymer brush on surface. We presented here a facile approach to fabricate PMMA brush on silica particles (SPs) by combination of self-assembly monolayer of hyperbranched polymeric thioxanthone (HPTX) and surface-initiated photopolymerization (SIPP). HPTX was immobilized on the surface of silica particles (SPs) through nucleophilic addition between amine and epoxy groups, and then initiated photopolymerization of MMA to generate PMMA brush on SPs at room temperature. The whole process was well-traced by FT-IR, TGA, SEM, and TEM. The results show that it is easy to create PMMA brushes of tunable thickness under UV irradiation. Especially, TEM images reveal the obvious formation of well-defined hybrid particles with SPs as the core and PMMA layers as the shell. The obtained hybrid particles can be implanted into PMMA matrix to produce PMMA composite with enhanced thermal and mechanical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengting Chen
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
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79
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Uehara K, Wagner C, Vogler T, Luftmann H, Studer A. Poly(vinyl ketone)s by Controlled Boron Group Transfer Polymerization (BGTP). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010; 49:3073-6. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.200907163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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80
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Uehara K, Wagner C, Vogler T, Luftmann H, Studer A. Polyvinylketone durch kontrollierte Borgruppentransferpolymerisation (BGTP). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200907163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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81
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Kaim A, Pietrasik K, Stokłosa T. N,N′-Diaminoethane linked bis-TEMPO-mediated free radical polymerization of styrene. Eur Polym J 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2009.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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82
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Kim BY, Ratcliff EL, Armstrong NR, Kowalewski T, Pyun J. Ferrocene functional polymer brushes on indium tin oxide via surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2010; 26:2083-2092. [PMID: 19968255 DOI: 10.1021/la902590u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis and electrochemical characterization of ferrocene functional polymethacrylate brushes on indium tin oxide (ITO) electrodes using surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP) is reported. SI-ATRP of ferrocene-containing methacrylate (FcMA) monomers from a phosphonic acid initiator-modified ITO substrate yielded well-defined homo- and block (co)polymer brushes of varying molar mass (4,000 to 37,000 g/mol). Correlation of both electrochemical properties and brush thicknesses confirmed controlled SI-ATRP from modified ITO surfaces. The preparation of block copolymer brushes with varying sequences of FcMA segments was conducted to interrogate the effects of spacing from the ITO electrode surface on the electrochemical properties of a tethered electroactive film.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yun Kim
- Department of Chemistry, University of Arizona, 1306 E. University Boulevard, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA
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83
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Ostaci RV, Damiron D, Grohens Y, Léger L, Drockenmuller E. Click chemistry grafting of poly(ethylene glycol) brushes to alkyne-functionalized pseudobrushes. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2010; 26:1304-1310. [PMID: 19785428 DOI: 10.1021/la902482q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
A versatile method for the grafting of azide-terminated polymer chains to alkyne-functionalized pseudobrushes by the Cu(I)-catalyzed Huisgen 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition has been developed. First, poly[(propargyl methacrylate)-r-(glycidyl methacrylate)-r-(methyl methacrylate)] random copolymers with monomer ratios of respectively 27/27/46, 41/31/28, and 45/55/0 were synthesized by RAFT polymerization. Then, dense alkyne-functionalized pseudobrushes were grafted in melt by thermal ring-opening of the glycidyl groups by the silanols from the silicon substrate. Finally, the grafting of tailor-made alpha-methoxy-omega-azido-poly(ethylene glycol)s (M(w) approximately 5000, 20,000, and 50,000 g/mol) by Cu(I)-catalyzed Huisgen 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition was performed in sealed reactors at 60 degrees C for 72 h using a polymer weight fraction of 10% in tetrahydrofuran and Cu(PPh(3))(3)Br/DIPEA as the catalytic system. Alkyne-functionalized pseudobrushes and poly(ethylene glycol) brushes were characterized by ellipsometry, scanning probe microscopy, and water contact angle measurements. This "grafting-to" approach represents a fast and versatile method to provide thick and homogeneous polymer brushes with a high surface coverage. A major benefit of this strategy is the tunable and versatile tethering of alkyne functionalities to silicon substrates using a straightforward spin-coating procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roxana-Viorela Ostaci
- Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères (UMR CNRS 5223), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 15 Boulevard Latarjet, 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
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84
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Kalveram S. What a Great Year! Macromol Rapid Commun 2010; 31:7-9. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.200900816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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85
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Smart Polymer Surfaces: Concepts and Applications in Biosciences. BIOACTIVE SURFACES 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/12_2010_88] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Koylu D, Carter KR. Stimuli-Responsive Surfaces Utilizing Cleavable Polymer Brush Layers. Macromolecules 2009. [DOI: 10.1021/ma901627c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Damla Koylu
- Polymer Science and Engineering Department, University of Massachusetts—Amherst, Conte Center for Polymer Research, 120 Governors Drive, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003
| | - Kenneth R. Carter
- Polymer Science and Engineering Department, University of Massachusetts—Amherst, Conte Center for Polymer Research, 120 Governors Drive, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003
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