51
|
Gao W, Weng T, Wang L, Shi B, Meng W, Wang X, Wu Y, Jin L, Fei L. Long non‑coding RNA NORAD promotes cell proliferation and glycolysis in non‑small cell lung cancer by acting as a sponge for miR‑136‑5p. Mol Med Rep 2019; 19:5397-5405. [PMID: 31059060 PMCID: PMC6522956 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
NORAD (non-coding RNA activated by DNA damage) is a long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) that is upregulated and promotes cell progression in various human types of cancer; however, its function in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains unclear. The present study investigated the regulatory function and underlying mechanisms of NORAD in NSCLC. NORAD and miR-136-5p expression were assessed by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and proliferation and glycolysis-associated markers were also assessed. Direct miR-136-5p regulation by NORAD was detected using luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation. NORAD was highly expressed in NSCLC tissues and cell lines. NORAD overexpression increased NSCLC proliferation and glycolysis. Further investigation revealed that NORAD serves as a competing endogenous RNA for miR-136-5p. Gain- and loss-of-function experiments confirmed that miR-136-5p reversed the promoting effects of NORAD in NSCLC. Results of the present study indicate that NORAD serves as a growth-promoting lncRNA in NSCLC by suppressing the function of miR-136-5p. NORAD and miR-136-5p interaction may provide a potential target for NSCLC treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Gao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Suqian People's Hospital of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Group, Suqian, Jiangsu 223800, P.R. China
| | - Ting Weng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Suqian People's Hospital of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Group, Suqian, Jiangsu 223800, P.R. China
| | - Lifang Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Suqian People's Hospital of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Group, Suqian, Jiangsu 223800, P.R. China
| | - Bin Shi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Suqian People's Hospital of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Group, Suqian, Jiangsu 223800, P.R. China
| | - Wenshu Meng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Suqian People's Hospital of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Group, Suqian, Jiangsu 223800, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Suqian People's Hospital of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Group, Suqian, Jiangsu 223800, P.R. China
| | - Ying Wu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Suqian People's Hospital of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Group, Suqian, Jiangsu 223800, P.R. China
| | - Liang Jin
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Suqian People's Hospital of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Group, Suqian, Jiangsu 223800, P.R. China
| | - Lijuan Fei
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Suqian People's Hospital of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Group, Suqian, Jiangsu 223800, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
52
|
Aggarwal V, Kashyap D, Sak K, Tuli HS, Jain A, Chaudhary A, Garg VK, Sethi G, Yerer MB. Molecular Mechanisms of Action of Tocotrienols in Cancer: Recent Trends and Advancements. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E656. [PMID: 30717416 PMCID: PMC6386883 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20030656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Tocotrienols, found in several natural sources such as rice bran, annatto seeds, and palm oil have been reported to exert various beneficial health promoting properties especially against chronic diseases, including cancer. The incidence of cancer is rapidly increasing around the world not only because of continual aging and growth in global population, but also due to the adaptation of Western lifestyle behaviours, including intake of high fat diets and low physical activity. Tocotrienols can suppress the growth of different malignancies, including those of breast, lung, ovary, prostate, liver, brain, colon, myeloma, and pancreas. These findings, together with the reported safety profile of tocotrienols in healthy human volunteers, encourage further studies on the potential application of these compounds in cancer prevention and treatment. In the current article, detailed information about the potential molecular mechanisms of actions of tocotrienols in different cancer models has been presented and the possible effects of these vitamin E analogues on various important cancer hallmarks, i.e., cellular proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, metastasis, and inflammation have been briefly analyzed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vaishali Aggarwal
- Department of Advanced Pediatric Center (APC), Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, Punjab 160012, India.
| | - Dharambir Kashyap
- Department of Histopathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, Punjab 160012, India.
| | | | - Hardeep Singh Tuli
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana-Ambala 133207, Haryana, India.
| | - Aklank Jain
- Department of Animal Sciences, Central University of Punjab, City Campus, Mansa Road, Bathinda 151001, India.
| | - Ashun Chaudhary
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana-Ambala 133207, Haryana, India.
| | - Vivek Kumar Garg
- Department of Biochemistry, Government Medical College and Hospital (GMCH), Chandigarh, Punjab 160031, India.
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore.
| | | |
Collapse
|
53
|
Liu D, Song L, Liang Q, Hao L, Zhang Z, Han C. Long noncoding RNA LEF1‐AS1 silencing suppresses the initiation and development of prostate cancer by acting as a molecular sponge of miR‐330‐5p via LEF1 repression. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:12727-12744. [PMID: 30613973 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Da‐Chuang Liu
- Department of Urology Xuzhou Central Hospital Xuzhou P. R. China
- Xuzhou Institute of Medical Science Xuzhou P. R. China
| | - Lin‐Lin Song
- Department of Respiratory Xuzhou Central Hospital Xuzhou P. R. China
| | - Qing Liang
- Department of Urology Xuzhou Central Hospital Xuzhou P. R. China
| | - Lin Hao
- Department of Urology Xuzhou Central Hospital Xuzhou P. R. China
| | - Zhi‐Guo Zhang
- Department of Urology Xuzhou Central Hospital Xuzhou P. R. China
| | - Cong‐Hui Han
- Department of Urology Xuzhou Central Hospital Xuzhou P. R. China
- Xuzhou Institute of Medical Science Xuzhou P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
54
|
Yin X, Huang S, Zhu R, Fan F, Sun C, Hu Y. Identification of long non-coding RNA competing interactions and biological pathways associated with prognosis in pediatric and adolescent cytogenetically normal acute myeloid leukemia. Cancer Cell Int 2018; 18:122. [PMID: 30181715 PMCID: PMC6114287 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-018-0621-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background LncRNAs can regulate miRNAs and mRNAs by sequestering and binding them. Indeed, many researchers have reported lncRNA mediated-competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) could regulate the progression of solid tumors. However, the roles of ceRNA in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), especially in pediatric and adolescent AML, were not completely expounded. Materials and methods 27 cytogenetically normal acute myeloid leukemia (CN-AML) patients under 18 years old with corresponding clinical data were selected from the cancer genome atlas (TCGA), which was a large sample sequencing database of RNA sequencing. We constructed a survival specific ceRNA network, and investigated its associations with patients' clinical information by analyzing the data from TCGA. Results We identified survival specific lncRNAs, miRNAs and mRNAs, and constructed a survival specific ceRNA network of CN-AML patients and a weighted correlation network. Furthermore, we identified 4 biological pathways associated with OS and selected the most enriched pathway 'Transcriptional misregulation in cancer' to verify that it could accurately predict younger CN-AML patients' prognosis to guide treatment. Conclusions We successfully constructed a survival specific ceRNA network which could provide a new approach to lncRNA research in younger CN-AML. Importantly, we constructed a weighted correlation network to overcome the difficulty in biological interpretation of individual genes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuejiao Yin
- 1Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China
| | - Sui Huang
- 1Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China
| | - Ruiqi Zhu
- 1Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China
| | - Fengjuan Fan
- 1Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China
| | - Chunyan Sun
- 1Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China.,2Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China
| | - Yu Hu
- 1Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China.,2Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China
| |
Collapse
|
55
|
Wang M, Yu F, Li P. Circular RNAs: Characteristics, Function and Clinical Significance in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2018; 10:cancers10080258. [PMID: 30072625 PMCID: PMC6116001 DOI: 10.3390/cancers10080258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. HCC patients are commonly diagnosed at an advanced stage, for which highly effective therapies are limited. Moreover, the five-year survival rate of HCC patients remains poor due to high frequency of tumor metastasis and recurrence. These challenges give rise to the emergent need to discover promising biomarkers for HCC diagnosis and identify novel targets for HCC therapy. Circular RNAs (circRNAs), a class of long-overlook non-coding RNA, have been revealed as multi-functional RNAs in recent years. Growing evidence indicates that circRNA expression alterations have a broad impact in biological characteristics of HCC. Most of these circRNAs regulate HCC progression by acting as miRNA sponges, suggesting that circRNAs may function as promising diagnostic biomarkers and ideal therapeutic targets for HCC. In this review, we summarize the current progress in studying the functional role of circRNAs in HCC pathogenesis and present their potential values as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets. In-depth investigations on the function and mechanism of circRNAs in HCC will enrich our knowledge of HCC pathogenesis and contribute to the development of effective diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Man Wang
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical College of Qingdao University, Dengzhou Road 38, Qingdao 266021, China.
| | - Fei Yu
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical College of Qingdao University, Dengzhou Road 38, Qingdao 266021, China.
| | - Peifeng Li
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical College of Qingdao University, Dengzhou Road 38, Qingdao 266021, China.
| |
Collapse
|
56
|
Li Y, Zhou L, Lu C, Shen Q, Su Y, Zhi Z, Wu F, Zhang H, Wen Z, Chen G, Li H, Xia Y, Tang W. Long non-coding RNA FAL1 functions as a ceRNA to antagonize the effect of miR-637 on the down-regulation of AKT1 in Hirschsprung's disease. Cell Prolif 2018; 51:e12489. [PMID: 30062828 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Emerged evidence demonstrates that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) may play quintessential regulatory roles in the cellular processes, tumourigenesis and the development of disease. Though focally amplified lncRNA on chromosome 1 (FAL1) has been identified to have crucial functions in many diseases, its biological mechanism in the development of Hirschsprung's disease (HSCR) still remains unknown. MATERIALS AND METHODS The expression levels of FAL1 in HSCR aganglionic tissues and matched normal specimens were detected by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Cell proliferation and migration were detected by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, Ethynyl-deoxyuridine (EdU) assay and transwell assay relatively. Cell cycle and apoptosis were assessed using flow cytometer analysis. Moreover, the novel targets of FAL1 were confirmed with the help of bioinformatics analysis and dual-luciferase reporter assay. Western blot assay as well as RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay was conducted to investigate the potential mechanism. RESULTS FAL1 expression was markedly down-regulated in HSCR aganglionic tissues and decreased FAL1 expression was associated with the diagnosis of HSCR. Cell functional analyses indicated that FAL1 overexpressing notably promoted cell proliferation and migration, while down-regulation of FAL1 suppressed cell proliferation and migration. Additionally, Flow cytometry assay demonstrated that knockdown of FAL1 induced markedly cell cycle stalled in the G0/G1 phase. Furthermore, FAL1 could positively regulate AKT1 expression by competitively binding to miR-637. CONCLUSIONS These results illuminated that FAL1 may work as a ceRNA to modulate AKT1 expression via competitively binding to miR-637 in HSCR, suggesting that it may be clinically valuable as a biomarker of HSCR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lingling Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Changgui Lu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiyang Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yang Su
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhengke Zhi
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Feng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zechao Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guanglin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongxing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yankai Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Weibing Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
57
|
Wang M, Sun X, Yang Y, Jiao W. Long non-coding RNA OIP5-AS1 promotes proliferation of lung cancer cells and leads to poor prognosis by targeting miR-378a-3p. Thorac Cancer 2018; 9:939-949. [PMID: 29897167 PMCID: PMC6068457 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.12767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Revised: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The antisense of the OIP5‐AS1 gene is a long non‐coding RNA (lncRNA) that is reported to be upregulated and promotes cell proliferation in multiple human cancers; however, its function in lung cancer is unknown. We investigated the regulatory function and underlying mechanisms of OIP5‐AS1 in lung cancer. Methods OIP5‐AS1 and microRNA (miR)‐378a‐3p expression were assayed by quantitative real‐time PCR, and proliferation‐related protein expression was measured by Western blotting. Cell viability was detected using methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay. Luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation were used to detect the direct regulation of miR‐378a‐3p by OIP5‐AS1. Nude mice were used to test the function of OIP5‐AS1 in vivo. Results OIP5‐AS1 was highly expressed in lung cancer tissues and was correlated with tumor size and tumor growth speed. OIP5‐AS1 overexpression increased lung cancer cell proliferation in vitro. Further investigation revealed that OIP5‐AS1 functions as a competing endogenous RNA of miR‐378a‐3p. MiR‐378a‐3p overexpression inhibited cell proliferation and caused proliferation‐associated proteins CDK4 and CDK6 to decrease in A549 cells. Overexpression of wild type OIP5‐AS1 led to strong CDK4 and CDK6 expression; however, these two proteins did not change when mutated OIP5‐AS1 was upregulated. Finally, in vivo assay showed that the speed of tumor growth was increased and decreased when OIP5‐AS1 was upregulated and downregulated, respectively. Conclusion Our results revealed that OIP5‐AS1 acts as a growth‐promoting lncRNA in lung cancer by suppressing miR‐378a‐3p function. OIP5‐AS1 and miR‐378a‐3p interaction may provide a potential target for lung cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maolong Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiao Sun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yuling Yang
- Department of Infectious Disease, Affiliated Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wenjie Jiao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| |
Collapse
|
58
|
Qiu LP, Wu YH, Yu XF, Tang Q, Chen L, Chen KP. The Emerging Role of Circular RNAs in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. J Cancer 2018; 9:1548-1559. [PMID: 29760792 PMCID: PMC5950583 DOI: 10.7150/jca.24566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2017] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) ranks the third leading cause of cancer death in the world and has a notably low survival rate. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are newly classed non-coding RNA (ncRNA) members that are capable of regulating gene expression at transcription or post-transcription levels. Recent studies demonstrate that some circRNAs are differentially expressed in HCC, and the deregulation of these circRNAs is associated with the clinical pathological and prognostic significance. They also play essential roles in HCC progression, and contribute to cell proliferation, migration, invasion and metastasis by targeting different microRNAs (miRNAs) and protein-coding genes. In this review, we concentrate on recent progress of some important circRNAs in HCC, with an emphasis on their deregulation, functions and regulatory mechanisms, and discuss their potential utility as diagnostic and/or prognostic biomarkers or therapeutic targets for HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Peng Qiu
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yi-Hang Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qi Tang
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ke-Ping Chen
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| |
Collapse
|
59
|
Li Y, Ge C, Feng G, Xiao H, Dong J, Zhu C, Jiang M, Cui M, Fan S. Low dose irradiation facilitates hepatocellular carcinoma genesis involving HULC. Mol Carcinog 2018; 57:926-935. [PMID: 29573465 DOI: 10.1002/mc.22813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Revised: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Irradiation exposure positive correlates with tumor formation, such as breast cancer and lung cancer. However, whether low dose irradiation induces hepatocarcinogenesis and the underlying mechanism remain poorly defined. In the present study, we reported that low dose irradiation facilitated the proliferation of hepatocyte through up-regulating HULC in vitro and in vivo. Low dose irradiation exposure elevated HULC expression level in hepatocyte. Deletion of heightened HULC erased the cells growth accelerated following low dose irradiation exposure. CDKN1, the neighbor gene of HULC, was down-regulated by overexpression of HULC following low dose irradiation exposure via complementary base pairing, resulting in promoting cell cycle process. Thus, our findings provide new insights into the mechanism of low dose irradiation-induced hepatocarcinogenesis through HULC/CDKN1 signaling, and shed light on the potential risk of low dose irradiation for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma in pre-clinical settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Chang Ge
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Guoxing Feng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Huiwen Xiao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Jiali Dong
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Changchun Zhu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Mian Jiang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Ming Cui
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Saijun Fan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| |
Collapse
|
60
|
Du Y, Hao X, Liu X. Low expression of long noncoding RNA CDKN2B-AS1 in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis predicts lung cancer by regulating the p53-signaling pathway. Oncol Lett 2018. [PMID: 29541247 PMCID: PMC5835920 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.7910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the expression of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor-2B-antisense RNA 1 CDKN2B-AS1 in patients with peripheral blood of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). A total of 24 patients with IPF and 24 healthy controls were included in the study, four patients with IPF and four healthy controls were selected randomly to extract RNA. There were no other diseases such as hypertension and diabetes in the two groups. RNA from peripheral blood was extracted by high-throughput sequencing and bioinformatics analysis was performed. Based on selected differentially expressed lncRNA and mRNA, gene ontology analysis was performed to screen out the tumor-associated mRNA. A total of 20 samples were chosen to avoid variance due to individual differences. A total of 20 patients with IPF, and 20 controls were further studied, RNA extracted from peripheral blood was used to verify the lncRNA and mRNA levels. A total of 440 lncRNAs were identified to be upregulated and 1,376 downregulated according to the screening results of differential expression. High-throughput sequencing and bioinformatics analysis demonstrated that the expression of CDKN2B-AS1 decreased significantly in patients with IPF compared with healthy controls. The adjacent gene mRNA of CDKN2B-AS1 was identified as CDKN2A, an important anti-oncogene, which is concentrated on the p53 signaling-pathway according to the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes database. CDKN2A mRNA expression levels were lower in patients with IPF and higher in the control group. The expression of CDKN2B-AS1 and CDKN2A mRNA was significantly lower in IPF group compared with in the control group (P<0.05). The results suggest the expression of the CDKN2B-AS1 and adjacent gene, CDKN2A, are downregulated in the peripheral blood of patients with IPF, which activates the p53-signaling pathway to promote lung cancer formation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Du
- Department of Geriatric Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Hao
- Department of Geriatric Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| | - Xuejun Liu
- Department of Geriatric Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
61
|
Jiang B, Liu J, Zhang YH, Shen D, Liu S, Lin F, Su J, Lin QF, Yan S, Li Y, Mao WD, Liu ZL. Long noncoding RNA LINC00961 inhibits cell invasion and metastasis in human non-small cell lung cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 97:1311-1318. [PMID: 29156520 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.11.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2017] [Revised: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (LncRNAs) expression has been found to be misregulated in multiple human cancers, and a growing number of studies have revealed that lncRNAs can function as important oncogenes or tumor suppressors. In this study, we identified a lncRNA-LINC00961, which was significantly down-regulated in human non-small cell lung cancer tissues. Decreased LINC00961 was associated with NSCLC patients advanced clinical stage, lymph node metastasis, and shorter survival time. Further experiments demonstrated that LSD1 could directly bind to LINC00961 promoter regions and epigenetically repress its transcription in NSCLC cells. Moreover, MTT assays showed that LINC00961 had no influence on NSCLC cell proliferation. Ectopic overexpression of LINC00961 inhibits NSCLC cell migration, invasion in vitro and metastasis in vivo. Finally, qRT-PCR and western blot assays revealed that LINC00961 could act as a tumor suppressor partially via affecting β-catenin expression. Collectively, decreased LINC00961 might play a key role in NSCLC progression, and may serve as a novel prognostic marker in human NSCLC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Jiang
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Jiangyin Hospital of Southeast University Medical College, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Jiangyin Hospital of Southeast University Medical College, Wuxi, People's Republic of China; Department of Respirology, Ruijin Hospital North, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Hong Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Jiangyin Hospital of Southeast University Medical College, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Shen
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Jiangyin Hospital of Southeast University Medical College, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaoping Liu
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Jiangyin Hospital of Southeast University Medical College, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Lin
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Jiangyin Hospital of Southeast University Medical College, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Su
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Jiangyin Hospital of Southeast University Medical College, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing-Feng Lin
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Jiangyin Hospital of Southeast University Medical College, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuai Yan
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Jiangyin Hospital of Southeast University Medical College, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Respirology, Ruijin Hospital North, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Dong Mao
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Jiangyin Hospital of Southeast University Medical College, Wuxi, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhi-Li Liu
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Jiangyin Hospital of Southeast University Medical College, Wuxi, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
62
|
Malhotra A, Jain M, Prakash H, Vasquez KM, Jain A. The regulatory roles of long non-coding RNAs in the development of chemoresistance in breast cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 8:110671-110684. [PMID: 29299178 PMCID: PMC5746413 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemoresistance is one of the major hurdles in the treatment of breast cancer, which limits the effect of both targeted and conventional therapies in clinical settings. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms underpinning resistance is paramount for developing strategies to circumvent resistance in breast cancer patients. Several published reports have indicated that lncRNAs play a dynamic role in the regulation of both intrinsic and acquired chemoresistance through a variety of mechanisms that endow cells with a drug-resistant phenotype. Although a number of lncRNAs have been implicated in chemoresistance of breast cancer, their mechanistic roles have not been systematically reviewed. Thus, here we present a detailed review on the latest research findings and discoveries on the mechanisms of acquisition of chemoresistance in breast cancer related to lncRNAs, and how lncRNAs take part in various cancer signalling pathways involved in breast cancer cells. Knowledge obtained from this review could assist in the development of new strategies to avoid or reverse drug resistance in breast cancer chemotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akshay Malhotra
- Center for Biochemistry and Microbial Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - Manju Jain
- Center for Biochemistry and Microbial Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - Hridayesh Prakash
- Laboratory of Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Gachibowli, Hyderabad, India
| | - Karen M Vasquez
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Dell Pediatric Research Institute, TX, USA
| | - Aklank Jain
- Center for Animal Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, India
| |
Collapse
|
63
|
Li DY, Chen WJ, Luo L, Wang YK, Shang J, Zhang Y, Chen G, Li SK. Prospective lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory network of long non-coding RNA LINC00968 in non-small cell lung cancer A549 cells: A miRNA microarray and bioinformatics investigation. Int J Mol Med 2017; 40:1895-1906. [PMID: 29039552 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2017.3187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that the dysregulation of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) serves vital roles in the incidence and progression of lung cancer. However, the molecular mechanisms of LINC00968, a recently identified lncRNA, remain unknown. The objective of present study was to investigate the role of a prospective lncRNA-miRNA‑mRNA network regulated by LINC00968 in non-small cell lung cancer cells. Following the transfection of lentiviruses carrying LINC00968 into A549 cells, the microRNA (miRNA) expression profile of the cells in response to the overexpression of LINC00968 was detected using an miRNA microarray. Five differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) with LINC00968 overexpression were obtained, including miR-9-3p, miR‑22-5p, miR-668-3p, miR‑3675-3p and miR-4536-3p. Five target prediction algorithms and three target validation algorithms were used to obtain 1,888 prospective target genes of the five DEMs. The result of Gene Ontology analysis suggested that these five DEMs were involved in complex cellular pathways, which included intracellular transport, organelle lumen and nucleotide binding. Furthermore, analysis of Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways indicated that the five DEMs were important regulators in the adherens junction and focal adhesion. An lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory network and a protein-protein interaction network were then constructed. Eventually, a prospective lncRNA‑miRNA-mRNA regulatory network of LINC00968, three miRNAs (miR-9, miR-22 and miR-4536) and two genes (polo-like kinase 1 and exportin-1) was obtained following validation in the Cancer Genome Atlas database. These results may provide novel insights to support future research into lncRNA in lung cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Yao Li
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Jie Chen
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Lei Luo
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Yong-Kun Wang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Jun Shang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Shi-Kang Li
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
64
|
Yokota E, Yamatsuji T, Takaoka M, Haisa M, Takigawa N, Miyake N, Ikeda T, Mori T, Ohno S, Sera T, Fukazawa T, Naomoto Y. Targeted silencing of SOX2 by an artificial transcription factor showed antitumor effect in lung and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Oncotarget 2017; 8:103063-103076. [PMID: 29262545 PMCID: PMC5732711 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
SOX2 is a transcription factor essential for early mammalian development and for the maintenance of stem cells. Recently, SOX2 was identified as a lineage specific oncogene, recurrently amplified and activated in lung and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). In this study, we have developed a zinc finger-based artificial transcription factor (ATF) to selectively suppress SOX2 expression in cancer cells and termed the system ATF/SOX2. We engineered the ATF using six zinc finger arrays designed to target a 19 bp site in the SOX2 distal promoter and a KOX transcriptional repressor domain. A recombinant adenoviral vector Ad-ATF/SOX2 that expresses ATF/SOX2 suppressed SOX2 at the mRNA and protein levels in lung and esophageal SCC cells expressing SOX2. In these kinds of cells, Ad-ATF/SOX2 decreased cell proliferation and colony formation more effectively than the recombinant adenoviral vector Ad-shSOX2, which expresses SOX2 short hairpin RNA (shSOX2). Ad-ATF/SOX2 induced the cell cycle inhibitor CDKN1A more strongly than Ad-shSOX2. Importantly, the ATF did not suppress the cell viability of normal human cells. Moreover, Ad-ATF/SOX2 effectively inhibited tumor growth in a lung SCC xenograft mouse model. These results indicate that ATF/SOX2 would lead to the development of an effective molecular-targeted therapy for lung and esophageal SCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Etsuko Yokota
- Department of General Surgery, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, 700-8505, Japan
| | - Tomoki Yamatsuji
- Department of General Surgery, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, 700-8505, Japan
| | - Munenori Takaoka
- Department of General Surgery, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, 700-8505, Japan
| | - Minoru Haisa
- Department of General Surgery, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, 700-8505, Japan
| | - Nagio Takigawa
- Department of General Internal Medicine 4, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, 700-8505, Japan
| | - Noriko Miyake
- General Medical Center Research Unit, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, 700-8505, Japan
| | - Tomoko Ikeda
- General Medical Center Research Unit, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, 700-8505, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Mori
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Serika Ohno
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Takashi Sera
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Takuya Fukazawa
- Department of General Surgery, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, 700-8505, Japan
| | - Yoshio Naomoto
- Department of General Surgery, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, 700-8505, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
65
|
Qiu L, Tang Q, Li G, Chen K. Long non-coding RNAs as biomarkers and therapeutic targets: Recent insights into hepatocellular carcinoma. Life Sci 2017; 191:273-282. [PMID: 28987633 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2017.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Revised: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most prevalent primary liver cancer worldwide, and the survival rates of patients with HCC remains quite low after 5years. Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) are a novel class of non-coding RNAs that are capable of regulating gene expression at various levels. Recent works have demonstrated that lncRNAs are often dysregulated in HCC, and the dysregulation of some of these lncRNAs are associated with the clinicopathological features of HCC. They regulate cell proliferation, apoptosis, autophagy, Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT), invasion and metastasis of HCC by modulating gene expression and cancer-related signaling pathways, and thus contribute to the onset and progression of HCC. In this review, we provide a comprehensive survey of dysregulated lncRNAs in HCC, with particular focus on the functions and regulatory mechanisms of several essential and important lncRNAs, and discuss their potential clinical application as early diagnostic and/or prognostic biomarkers or therapeutic targets for HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lipeng Qiu
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province 212013, China
| | - Qi Tang
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province 212013, China
| | - Guohui Li
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province 212013, China
| | - Keping Chen
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province 212013, China.
| |
Collapse
|
66
|
Li S, Sun X, Miao S, Liu J, Jiao W. Differential protein-coding gene and long noncoding RNA expression in smoking-related lung squamous cell carcinoma. Thorac Cancer 2017; 8:672-681. [PMID: 28949095 PMCID: PMC5668523 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.12510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Revised: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cigarette smoking is one of the greatest preventable risk factors for developing cancer, and most cases of lung squamous cell carcinoma (lung SCC) are associated with smoking. The pathogenesis mechanism of tumor progress is unclear. This study aimed to identify biomarkers in smoking‐related lung cancer, including protein‐coding gene, long noncoding RNA, and transcription factors. Methods We selected and obtained messenger RNA microarray datasets and clinical data from the Gene Expression Omnibus database to identify gene expression altered by cigarette smoking. Integrated bioinformatic analysis was used to clarify biological functions of the identified genes, including Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway, the construction of a protein–protein interaction network, transcription factor, and statistical analyses. Subsequent quantitative real‐time PCR was utilized to verify these bioinformatic analyses. Results Five hundred and ninety‐eight differentially expressed genes and 21 long noncoding RNA were identified in smoking‐related lung SCC. GO and KEGG pathway analysis showed that identified genes were enriched in the cancer‐related functions and pathways. The protein–protein interaction network revealed seven hub genes identified in lung SCC. Several transcription factors and their binding sites were predicted. The results of real‐time quantitative PCR revealed that AURKA and BIRC5 were significantly upregulated and LINC00094 was downregulated in the tumor tissues of smoking patients. Further statistical analysis indicated that dysregulation of AURKA, BIRC5, and LINC00094 indicated poor prognosis in lung SCC. Conclusion Protein‐coding genes AURKA, BIRC5, and LINC00094 could be biomarkers or therapeutic targets for smoking‐related lung SCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shicheng Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiao Sun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Shuncheng Miao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jia Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wenjie Jiao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| |
Collapse
|
67
|
Wan L, Zhang L, Fan K, Cheng ZX, Sun QC, Wang JJ. Knockdown of Long Noncoding RNA PCAT6 Inhibits Proliferation and Invasion in Lung Cancer Cells. Oncol Res 2017; 24:161-70. [PMID: 27458097 PMCID: PMC7838661 DOI: 10.3727/096504016x14618564639178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
As a newly identified oncogenic long noncoding RNA (lncRNA), prostate cancer-associated transcript 6 (PCAT6) promoted cellular proliferation and colony formation of prostate cancer. However, the biological function of PCAT6 in lung cancer is still largely unknown. In this study, we found that PCAT6 is significantly increased in cancer tissues compared to normal tissues and positively correlates with metastasis of lung cancer in patients. We then examined PCAT6 expression in lung cancer cell lines and identified that PCAT6 expression was significantly elevated in lung cancer cells compared to normal human bronchial epithelial (NHBE) cells, especially in CL1-5 and H446 cells. PCAT6 knockdown significantly inhibited cellular proliferation and metastasis, as well as induced early apoptosis of lung cancer cells. Molecular analysis revealed that PCAT6 regulated the expression of two pivotal cancer-related proteins, c-Myc and p53, in lung cancer cells. However, PCAT6 was not directly combined with c-Myc and p53 as confirmed by RNA immunoprecipitation. Finally, a retrospective study further revealed that PCAT6 negatively correlates with overall survival of lung cancer patients. In conclusion, these results suggest that PCAT6 could play an oncogenic role in lung cancer progression and may serve as a biomarker for prognosis of lung cancer patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Wan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
68
|
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are over 200 nucleotides in length and are transcribed from the mammalian genome in a tissue-specific and developmentally regulated pattern. There is growing recognition that lncRNAs are novel biomarkers and/or key regulators of toxicological responses in humans and animal models. Lacking protein-coding capacity, the numerous types of lncRNAs possess a myriad of transcriptional regulatory functions that include cis and trans gene expression, transcription factor activity, chromatin remodeling, imprinting, and enhancer up-regulation. LncRNAs also influence mRNA processing, post-transcriptional regulation, and protein trafficking. Dysregulation of lncRNAs has been implicated in various human health outcomes such as various cancers, Alzheimer's disease, cardiovascular disease, autoimmune diseases, as well as intermediary metabolism such as glucose, lipid, and bile acid homeostasis. Interestingly, emerging evidence in the literature over the past five years has shown that lncRNA regulation is impacted by exposures to various chemicals such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, benzene, cadmium, chlorpyrifos-methyl, bisphenol A, phthalates, phenols, and bile acids. Recent technological advancements, including next-generation sequencing technologies and novel computational algorithms, have enabled the profiling and functional characterizations of lncRNAs on a genomic scale. In this review, we summarize the biogenesis and general biological functions of lncRNAs, highlight the important roles of lncRNAs in human diseases and especially during the toxicological responses to various xenobiotics, evaluate current methods for identifying aberrant lncRNA expression and molecular target interactions, and discuss the potential to implement these tools to address fundamental questions in toxicology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph L Dempsey
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98105
| | - Julia Yue Cui
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98105
| |
Collapse
|
69
|
Khandelwal A, Malhotra A, Jain M, Vasquez KM, Jain A. The emerging role of long non-coding RNA in gallbladder cancer pathogenesis. Biochimie 2016; 132:152-160. [PMID: 27894946 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2016.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is the most common and aggressive form of biliary tract carcinoma with an alarmingly low 5-year survival rate. Despite its high mortality rate, the underlying mechanisms of GBC pathogenesis are not completely understood. Recently, from a growing volume of literature, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as key regulators of gene expression and appear to play vital roles in many human cancers. To date, a number of lncRNAs have been implicated in GBC, but their potential roles in GBC have not been systematically examined. Thus, in this review, we critically discuss the emerging roles of lncRNAs in GBC, and the pathways involved. Specifically, we note that some lncRNAs show greater expression in T1 and T2 tumor stages compared to T3 and T4 tumor stages and that their dysregulation leads to alterations in cell cycle progression and can cause an increase in GBC cell proliferation or apoptosis. In addition, some lncRNAs control the epithelial-mesenchymal transition process, while others take part in the regulation of ERK/MAPK and Ras cancer-associated signaling pathways. We also present their potential utility in diagnosis, prognosis, and/or treatment of GBC. The overall goal of this review is to stimulate interest in the role of lncRNAs in GBC, which may open new avenues in the determination of GBC pathogenesis and may lead to the development of new preventive and therapeutic strategies for GBC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akanksha Khandelwal
- Centre for Animal Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, India; Centre for Biochemistry and Microbial Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - Akshay Malhotra
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Jaypee University of Information Technology, Waknaghat, Solan, HP, India
| | - Manju Jain
- Centre for Biochemistry and Microbial Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - Karen M Vasquez
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Dell Pediatric Research Institute, 1400 Barbara Jordan Blvd, Austin, TX, 78723, USA
| | - Aklank Jain
- Centre for Animal Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, India.
| |
Collapse
|
70
|
Li W, Xie P, Ruan WH. Overexpression of lncRNA UCA1 promotes osteosarcoma progression and correlates with poor prognosis. J Bone Oncol 2016; 5:80-5. [PMID: 27335776 PMCID: PMC4908186 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbo.2016.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2016] [Accepted: 05/06/2016] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been proved to play important roles in the tumorigenesis and development of several human malignancies. Our study aims to investigate the expression and function of lncRNA-UCA1 in osteosarcoma. lncRNA-UCA1 expression was detected in osteosarcoma tissues and cell lines by using qRT-PCR. Association between lncRNA-UCA1 levels and clinicopathological factors and patient's prognosis was analyzed. The roles of lncRNA-UCA1 in regulating osteosarcoma cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion were evaluated in vitro. We found that lncRNA-UCA1 expression was upregulated in osteosarcoma tissues and cell lines. High lncRNA-UCA1 expression was significantly correlated with large tumor size, high tumor grade, positive distant metastasis, and advanced clinical stage. Multivariate regression analysis identified lncRNA-UCA1 overexpression as an independent unfavorable prognostic factor. lncRNA-UCA1 knockdown inhibited osteosarcoma cell proliferation, promoted cell apoptosis, and suppressed cell invasion and migration, whereas lncRNA-UCA1 overexpression showed opposite effects. These findings suggested that lncRNA-UCA1 may contribute to osteosarcoma initiation and progression, and would be not only a novel prognostic marker but also a potential therapeutic target for this disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Department of spine surgery, Hanzhong Municipal Central Hospital, Hanzhong 723000, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Peng Xie
- Department of bone and joint trauma, Hanzhong Municipal Central Hospital, Hanzhong 723000, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Wen-hui Ruan
- Department of bone and joint trauma, Hanzhong Municipal Central Hospital, Hanzhong 723000, Shaanxi Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
71
|
Upregulated long non-coding RNA AGAP2-AS1 represses LATS2 and KLF2 expression through interacting with EZH2 and LSD1 in non-small-cell lung cancer cells. Cell Death Dis 2016; 7:e2225. [PMID: 27195672 PMCID: PMC4917662 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2016.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2015] [Revised: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 04/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Recently, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are identified as new crucial regulators of diverse cellular processes, including cell proliferation, differentiation and cancer cells metastasis. Accumulating evidence has revealed that aberrant lncRNA expression plays important roles in carcinogenesis and tumor progression. However, the expression pattern and biological function of lncRNAs in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remain largely unknown. In this study, we performed comprehensive analysis of lncRNA expression in human NSCLC samples by using microarray data from Gene Expression Omnibus. After validation in a cohort of 80 pairs of NSCLC tissues, we identified a differentially expressed novel oncogenic lncRNA termed as AGAP2-AS1. The AGAP2-AS1 expression level was significantly upregulated in NSCLC tissues and negatively correlated with poor prognostic outcomes in patients. In vitro loss- and gain-of-function assays revealed that AGAP2-AS1 knockdown inhibited cell proliferation, migration and invasion, and induced cell apoptosis. In vivo assays also confirmed the ability of AGAP2-AS1 to promote tumor growth. Furthermore, mechanistic investigation showed that AGAP2-AS1 could bind with enhancer of zeste homolog 2 and lysine (K)-specific demethylase 1A, and recruit them to KLF2 and LATS2 promoter regions to repress their transcription. Taken together, our findings indicate that AGAP2-AS1 may act as an oncogene by repressing tumor-suppressor LATS2 and KLF2 transcription. By clarifying the AGAP2-AS1 mechanisms underlying NSCLC development and progression, these findings might promote the development of novel therapeutic strategies for this disease.
Collapse
|
72
|
Chen L, Wang W, Cao L, Li Z, Wang X. Long Non-Coding RNA CCAT1 Acts as a Competing Endogenous RNA to Regulate Cell Growth and Differentiation in Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Mol Cells 2016; 39:330-6. [PMID: 26923190 PMCID: PMC4844940 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2016.2308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2015] [Revised: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in multiple cellular events, as well as in tumorigenesis. Colon cancer-associated transcript-1 (CCAT1) gene encodes an lncRNA whose over-activation was observed in an expanding list of primary human solid tumors and tumor cell lines, however its biological roles in acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) has not been reported yet at present. In this study, the aberrant upregulation of CCAT1 was detected in French-American-British M4 and M5 subtypes of adult AML patients. By gain- and loss-of-function analysis, we determined that CCAT1 repressed monocytic differentiation and promoted cell growth of HL-60 by sequestering tumor suppressive miR-155. Accordingly, a significant decrease in miR-155 level was detected in AML patients. Re-introduction of miR-155 into HL-60 cells restored monocytic maturation and repressed cell proliferation. Furthermore, CCAT1 could up-regulated c-Myc via its competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) activity on miR-155. In conclusion, these results revealed new mechanism of lncRNA CCAT1 in AML development, and suggested that the manipulation of CCAT1 expression could serve as a potential strategy in AML therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lianxiang Chen
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010059,
China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Emergency, Inner Mongolia People’s Hospital, Hohhot 010017,
China
| | - Lixia Cao
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010059,
China
| | - Zhijun Li
- Department of Anatomy, Basic Medical College, The Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010059,
China
| | - Xing Wang
- Department of Anatomy, Basic Medical College, The Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010059,
China
| |
Collapse
|
73
|
Li P, Zhang G, Li J, Yang R, Chen S, Wu S, Zhang F, Bai Y, Zhao H, Wang Y, Dun S, Chen X, Sun Q, Zhao G. Long Noncoding RNA RGMB-AS1 Indicates a Poor Prognosis and Modulates Cell Proliferation, Migration and Invasion in Lung Adenocarcinoma. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0150790. [PMID: 26950071 PMCID: PMC4780832 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0150790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. It is a complex disease involving multiple genetic and epigenetic alterations. The development of transcriptomics revealed the important role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in lung cancer occurrence and development. Here, microarray analysis of lung adenocarcinoma tissues showed the abnormal expression of lncRNA RGMB-AS1. However, the role of lncRNA RGMB-AS1 in lung adenocarcinoma remains largely unknown. We showed that upregulation of lncRNA RGMB-AS1 was significantly correlated with differentiation, TNM stage, and lymph node metastasis. In lung adenocarcinoma cells, downregulation of lncRNA RGMB-AS1 inhibited cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and caused cell cycle arrest at the G1/G0 phase. In vivo experiments showed that lncRNA RGMB-AS1 downregulation significantly suppressed the growth of lung adenocarcinoma. The expression of lncRNA RGMB-AS1 was inversely correlated with that of repulsive guidance molecule b (RGMB) in lung adenocarcinoma tissues, and UCSC analysis and fluorescence detection assay indicated that lncRNA RGMB-AS1 may be involved in the development of human lung adenocarcinoma by regulating RGMB expression though exon2 of RGMB. In summary, our findings indicate that lncRNA RGMB-AS1 may play an important role in lung adenocarcinoma and may serve as a potential therapeutic target.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ping Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Guojun Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
- * E-mail: (GJZ); (GQZ)
| | - Juan Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Rui Yang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Shanshan Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Shujun Wu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Furui Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Yong Bai
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Huasi Zhao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Shaozhi Dun
- Emergency Department, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Xiaonan Chen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Qianqian Sun
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Guoqiang Zhao
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
- * E-mail: (GJZ); (GQZ)
| |
Collapse
|
74
|
Abstract
Since the first description of the canonical B-form DNA double helix, it has been suggested that alternative DNA, DNA–RNA, and RNA structures exist and act as functional genomic elements. Indeed, over the past few years it has become clear that, in addition to serving as a repository for genetic information, genomic DNA elicits biological responses by adopting conformations that differ from the canonical right-handed double helix, and by interacting with RNA molecules to form complex secondary structures. This review focuses on recent advances on three-stranded (triplex) nucleic acids, with an emphasis on DNA–RNA and RNA–RNA interactions. Emerging work reveals that triplex interactions between noncoding RNAs and duplex DNA serve as platforms for delivering site-specific epigenetic marks critical for the regulation of gene expression. Additionally, an increasing body of genetic and structural studies demonstrates that triplex RNA–RNA interactions are essential for performing catalytic and regulatory functions in cellular nucleoprotein complexes, including spliceosomes and telomerases, and for enabling protein recoding during programmed ribosomal frameshifting. Thus, evidence is mounting that DNA and RNA triplex interactions are implemented to perform a range of diverse biological activities in the cell, some of which will be discussed in this review.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Albino Bacolla
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Dell Pediatric Research Institute, Austin, Texas, United States of America
| | - Guliang Wang
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Dell Pediatric Research Institute, Austin, Texas, United States of America
| | - Karen M. Vasquez
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Dell Pediatric Research Institute, Austin, Texas, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
75
|
Decreased long noncoding RNA MIR31HG is correlated with poor prognosis and contributes to cell proliferation in gastric cancer. Tumour Biol 2015; 37:7693-701. [PMID: 26692098 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-4644-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2015] [Accepted: 12/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging as key regulators governing fundamental biological processes, and their disorder expression involves in the development of several human cancers. MIR31HG, an lncRNA located in 9p21.3 and 2166 bp in length, has been found to be upregulated in breast cancer and contributes to cell proliferation and invasion. However, the expression pattern and biological function of MIR31HG in gastric cancer are still not well documented. In this study, we found that MIR31HG expression is decreased in gastric cancer tissues and associated with larger tumor size and advanced pathological stage. Patients with lower MIR31HG expression had a relatively poor prognosis. Furthermore, ectopic over-expression of MIR31HG could inhibit gastric cancer (GC) cell proliferation both in vitro and in vivo, while knockdown of MIR31HG by small interfering RNA (siRNA) promoted cell proliferation in GC cells partly via regulating E2F1 and p21 expression. Our findings present that decreased MIR31HG is involved in GC development and could be identified as a poor prognostic biomarker in GC patients.
Collapse
|