51
|
Zhao XM, Cui LS, Hao HS, Wang HY, Zhao SJ, Du WH, Wang D, Liu Y, Zhu HB. Transcriptome analyses of inner cell mass and trophectoderm cells isolated by magnetic-activated cell sorting from bovine blastocysts using single cell RNA-seq. Reprod Domest Anim 2016; 51:726-35. [PMID: 27440443 DOI: 10.1111/rda.12737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Research on bovine embryonic stem cells (bESCs) has been hampered because bESCs are cultured in conditions that are based on information obtained from culturing mouse and human inner cell mass (ICM) cells. The aim of this study was to compare gene expression in ICM and trophectoderm (TE) cell lineages of bovine embryos and to discuss the findings relative to information available for mice and humans. We separated a high-purity (>90%) ICM and TE from bovine blastocysts by magnetic-activated cell sorting and analysed their transcriptomes by single cell RNA-seq. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were assessed using Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) databases. Finally, qRT-PCR was performed to validate the RNA-seq results. From 207 DEGs identified (adjusted p ≤ .05; fold change ≥2), 159 and 48 had greater expression in the ICM and TE cells respectively. We validated 27 genes using qRT-PCR and found their expression patterns were mostly similar to those of RNA-seq, including 12 novel ICM-dominant (HNF4A, CCL24, FGFR4, IFITM3, PTCHD2, GJB5, FN1, KLK7, PRDM14, GRP, FGF19 and GCM1) and two novel TE-dominant (SLC10A1 and WNT4) genes. Bioinformatics analysis showed that these DEGs are involved in many important pathways, such as MAPK and cancer cell pathways, and these pathways have been shown to play essential roles in mouse and human ESCs in the self-renewal and pluripotent maintenance. As a conclusion, there were sufficient differences to allow us to conclude that the control of pluripotency in bovine ICM cells is species-specific.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- X-M Zhao
- Embryo Biotechnology and Reproduction Laboratory, Institute of Animal Sciences (IAS), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, China
| | - L-S Cui
- Embryo Biotechnology and Reproduction Laboratory, Institute of Animal Sciences (IAS), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, China
| | - H-S Hao
- Embryo Biotechnology and Reproduction Laboratory, Institute of Animal Sciences (IAS), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, China
| | - H-Y Wang
- Embryo Biotechnology and Reproduction Laboratory, Institute of Animal Sciences (IAS), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, China
| | - S-J Zhao
- Embryo Biotechnology and Reproduction Laboratory, Institute of Animal Sciences (IAS), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, China
| | - W-H Du
- Embryo Biotechnology and Reproduction Laboratory, Institute of Animal Sciences (IAS), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, China
| | - D Wang
- Embryo Biotechnology and Reproduction Laboratory, Institute of Animal Sciences (IAS), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, China
| | - Y Liu
- Embryo Biotechnology and Reproduction Laboratory, Institute of Animal Sciences (IAS), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, China
| | - H-B Zhu
- Embryo Biotechnology and Reproduction Laboratory, Institute of Animal Sciences (IAS), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
52
|
Wu X, Song M, Yang X, Liu X, Liu K, Jiao C, Wang J, Bai C, Su G, Liu X, Li G. Establishment of bovine embryonic stem cells after knockdown of CDX2. Sci Rep 2016; 6:28343. [PMID: 27320776 PMCID: PMC4913270 DOI: 10.1038/srep28343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Accepted: 05/31/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Bovine embryonic stem cells (bESCs) have not been successfully established yet. One reason could be that CDX2, as the trophectoderm regulator, expresses in bovine inner cell mass (ICM), which probably becomes a technical barrier for maintaining the pluripotency of bESCs in vitro. We hypothesized that CDX2 knockdown (CDX2-KD) could remove such negative effort, which will be helpful for capturing complete and permanent capacity of pluripotency. Expression and localization of pluripotent genes were not affected in CDX2-KD blastocysts. The CDX2-KD bESCs grew into monolayers on feeder layer. Pluripotent genes expressed at an improved levels and lasted longer time in CDX2-KD bESCs, along with down-regulation of DNA methylation on promoters of both OCT4 and SOX2. The cystic structure typical for trophoblast cells did not show during culturing CDX2-KD bESCs. CDX2-KD bESC-derived Embryoid bodies showed with compact morphology and with the improved levels of differentiations in three germ layers. CDX2-KD bESCs still carried the capacity of forming teratomas with three germ layers after long-term culture. In summary, CDX2 in bovine ICM was inducer of trophoblast lineage with negative effect on maintenance of pluripotency of bESCs. Precise regulation CDX2 expression to switch on/off will be studied next for application on establishment of bESCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xia Wu
- The Key Laboratory of National Education Ministry for Mammalian Reproductive Biology and Biotechnology, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, China
| | - Miao Song
- Department of Basic Medicine, Bao Tou Medical College, Bao Tou 014040, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Bao Tou Medical College, Bao Tou 014040, China
| | - Xi Yang
- College of Basic Medicine, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010110, China
| | - Xin Liu
- The Key Laboratory of National Education Ministry for Mammalian Reproductive Biology and Biotechnology, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, China
| | - Kun Liu
- The Key Laboratory of National Education Ministry for Mammalian Reproductive Biology and Biotechnology, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, China
| | - Cuihua Jiao
- The Key Laboratory of National Education Ministry for Mammalian Reproductive Biology and Biotechnology, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, China
| | - Jinze Wang
- The Key Laboratory of National Education Ministry for Mammalian Reproductive Biology and Biotechnology, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, China
| | - Chunling Bai
- The Key Laboratory of National Education Ministry for Mammalian Reproductive Biology and Biotechnology, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, China
| | - Guanghua Su
- The Key Laboratory of National Education Ministry for Mammalian Reproductive Biology and Biotechnology, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, China
| | - Xuefei Liu
- The Key Laboratory of National Education Ministry for Mammalian Reproductive Biology and Biotechnology, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, China
| | - Guangpeng Li
- The Key Laboratory of National Education Ministry for Mammalian Reproductive Biology and Biotechnology, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, China
| |
Collapse
|
53
|
Familari M, Au PCK, de Iongh RU, Cruz Y, Selwood L. Expression analysis of Cdx2 and Pou5f1 in a marsupial, the stripe-faced dunnart, during early development. Mol Reprod Dev 2016; 83:108-23. [PMID: 26613191 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.22597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2015] [Accepted: 11/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The first lineage allocation during mouse development forms the trophectoderm and inner cell mass, in which Cdx2 and Pou5f1 display reciprocal expression. Yet Cdx2 is not required for trophectoderm specification in other mammals, such as the human, cow, pig, or in two marsupials, the tammar and opossum. The role of Cdx2 and Pou5f1 in the first lineage allocation of Sminthopsis macroura, the stripe-faced dunnart, is unknown. In this study, expression of Cdx2 and Pou5f1 during oogenesis, development from cleavage to blastocyst stages, and in the allocation of the first three lineages was analyzed for this dunnart. Cdx2 mRNA was present in late antral-stage oocytes, but not present again until Day 5.5. Pou5f1 mRNA was present from primary follicles to zygotes, and then expression resumed starting at the early unilaminar blastocyst stage. All cleavage stages and the pluriblast and trophoblast cells co-expressed CDX2 and POU5F1 proteins, which persisted until early stages of hypoblast formation. Hypoblast cells also show co-localisation of POU5F1 and CDX2 once they were allocated, and this persisted during their division and migration. Our studies suggest that CDX2, and possibly POU5F1, are maternal proteins, and that the first lineage to differentiate is the trophoblast, which differentiates to trophectoderm after shell loss one day before implantation. In the stripe-faced dunnart, cleavage cells, as well as trophoblast and pluriblast cells, are polarized, suggesting the continued presence of CDX2 in both lineages until late blastocyst stages may play a role in the formation and maintenance of polarity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mary Familari
- School of Biosciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Phil Chi Khang Au
- School of Biosciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Robb U de Iongh
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Yolanda Cruz
- Department of Biology, Oberlin College, Oberlin, Ohio
| | - Lynne Selwood
- School of Biosciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
54
|
Frankenberg SR, de Barros FR, Rossant J, Renfree MB. The mammalian blastocyst. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY 2016; 5:210-32. [DOI: 10.1002/wdev.220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2015] [Revised: 10/22/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Flavia R.O. de Barros
- Program in Developmental and Stem Cell Biology; Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning, Hospital for Sick Children; Toronto Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics; University of Toronto; Toronto Canada
| | - Janet Rossant
- Program in Developmental and Stem Cell Biology; Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning, Hospital for Sick Children; Toronto Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics; University of Toronto; Toronto Canada
| | | |
Collapse
|
55
|
Hosseini SM, Dufort I, Caballero J, Moulavi F, Ghanaei HR, Sirard MA. Transcriptome profiling of bovine inner cell mass and trophectoderm derived from in vivo generated blastocysts. BMC DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY 2015; 15:49. [PMID: 26681441 PMCID: PMC4683974 DOI: 10.1186/s12861-015-0096-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2015] [Accepted: 11/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background This study describes the generation and analysis of the transcriptional profile of bovine inner cell mass (ICM) and trophectoderm (TE), obtained from in vivo developed embryos by using a bovine-embryo specific array (EmbryoGENE) containing 37,238 probes. Results A total of 4,689 probes were differentially expressed between ICM and TE, among these, 2,380 and 2,309 probes were upregulated in ICM and TE tissues, respectively (P ≤ 0.01, FC ≥ 2.0, FDR: 2.0). Ontological classification of the genes predominantly expressed in ICM emerged a range of functional categories with a preponderance of genes involved in basal and developmental signaling pathways including P53, TGFβ, IL8, mTOR, integrin, ILK, and ELF2 signalings. Cross-referencing of microarray data with two available in vitro studies indicated a marked reduction in ICM vs. TE transcriptional difference following in vitro culture of bovine embryos. Moreover, a great majority of genes that were found to be misregulated following in vitro culture of bovine embryos were known genes involved in epigenetic regulation of pluripotency and cell differentiation including DNMT1, GADD45, CARM1, ELF5 HDAC8, CCNB1, KDM6A, PRDM9, CDX2, ARID3A, IL6, GADD45A, FGFR2, PPP2R2B, and SMARCA2. Cross-species referencing of microarray data revealed substantial divergence between bovine and mouse and human in signaling pathways involved in early lineage specification. Conclusions The transcriptional changes occur during ICM and TE lineages specification in bovine is greater than previously understood. Therefore, this array data establishes a standard to evaluate the in vitro imprint on the transcriptome and to hypothesize the cross-species differences that allow in vitro acquisition of pluripotent ICM in human and mice but hinder that process in bovine. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12861-015-0096-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S M Hosseini
- Department of Reproductive Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran. .,Centre de Recherche en Biologie de la Reproduction, Faculté des Sciences de l'Agriculture et de l'Alimentation, Département des Sciences Animales, Pavillon INAF, Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada.
| | - I Dufort
- Centre de Recherche en Biologie de la Reproduction, Faculté des Sciences de l'Agriculture et de l'Alimentation, Département des Sciences Animales, Pavillon INAF, Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada.
| | - J Caballero
- Centre de Recherche en Biologie de la Reproduction, Faculté des Sciences de l'Agriculture et de l'Alimentation, Département des Sciences Animales, Pavillon INAF, Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada.
| | - F Moulavi
- Department of Reproductive Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - H R Ghanaei
- Department of Reproductive Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - M A Sirard
- Centre de Recherche en Biologie de la Reproduction, Faculté des Sciences de l'Agriculture et de l'Alimentation, Département des Sciences Animales, Pavillon INAF, Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
56
|
Effect of cryopreservation technique and season on the survival of in vitro produced cattle embryos. Anim Reprod Sci 2015; 164:162-8. [PMID: 26679433 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2015.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Revised: 11/26/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Embryo cryopreservation is a major tool for conservation and propagation of genetically superior animals. However, it adversely affects the survival of embryos. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of cryopreservation technique (vitrification compared with slow freezing) and different seasons in which oocytes were obtained on the post-warming survival of in vitro produced (IVP) cattle morulae. In experiment 1, morulae (Day 6 post-IVF), obtained from abattoir-sourced oocytes during spring, summer, fall and winter over a period of 3.5 years, were subjected to either vitrification (n=271 morulae), slow freezing (n=281 morulae) or no freezing (control; n=249 morulae). After warming, the morulae were cultured to the expanded blastocyst stage (Day 8 post-IVF). Data were compared using Glimmix procedure in SAS(®). Blastocyst rate differed (P<0.05) among the treatments: unfrozen control (78±3.6%), vitrification (52±4.6%) and slow freezing (35±4.2%). The re-expansion of vitrified morulae upon warming was not correlated with subsequent blastocyst rate (r=-0.048; P>0.05). The morulae produced during fall season had lesser (P<0.05) cleavage and morula rates (67±1.6%; Day 2 post-IVF and 22±1.4%; Day 6 post-IVF, respectively) than all other seasons (74±1.1 and 30±1.2%, respectively). Blastocyst rate was the least (P<0.05) when oocytes were collected during the summer season in both control and slowly frozen groups. Blastocyst development rate did not change due to season in vitrification group (P>0.05). In conclusion, vitrification is a more desirable technique than slow freezing for cryopreservation of IVP cattle morulae. If the slow freezing method is employed, greater success can be achieved using oocytes collected in the winter and spring with a primary contributing factor being lesser morulae development if oocytes are collected in the fall and also the lesser blastocyst formation of cryopreserved morulae when oocytes are collected in the summer.
Collapse
|