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Lee YJ, Song H, Yoon YJ, Park SJ, Kim SY, Cho Han D, Kwon BM. Ethacrynic acid inhibits STAT3 activity through the modulation of SHP2 and PTP1B tyrosine phosphatases in DU145 prostate carcinoma cells. Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 175:113920. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.113920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Ma L, Yang C, Zheng J, Chen Y, Xiao Y, Huang K. Non-polyphenolic natural inhibitors of amyloid aggregation. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 192:112197. [PMID: 32172082 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 02/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Protein misfolding diseases (PMDs) are chronic and progressive, with no effective therapy so far. Aggregation and misfolding of amyloidogenic proteins are closely associated with the onset and progression of PMDs, such as amyloid-β (Aβ) in Alzheimer's disease, α-Synuclein (α-Syn) in Parkinson's disease and human islet amyloid polypeptide (hIAPP) in type 2 diabetes. Inhibiting toxic aggregation of amyloidogenic proteins is regarded as a promising therapeutic approach in PMDs. The past decade has witnessed the rapid progresses of this field, dozens of inhibitors have been screened and verified in vitro and in vivo, demonstrating inhibitory effects against the aggregation and misfolding of amyloidogenic proteins, together with beneficial effects. Natural products are major sources of small molecule amyloid inhibitors, a number of natural derived compounds have been identified with great bioactivities and translational prospects. Here, we review the non-polyphenolic natural inhibitors that potentially applicable for PMDs treatment, along with their working mechanisms. Future directions are proposed for the development and clinical applications of these inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Ma
- Affiliated Wuhan Mental Health Center, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Chen Yang
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Jiaojiao Zheng
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Yuchen Chen
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Yushuo Xiao
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430035, China
| | - Kun Huang
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China.
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Chen JC, Hsieh PS, Chen SM, Hwang JH. Effects of Cinnamaldehyde on the Viability and Expression of Chemokine Receptor Genes in Temozolomide-treated Glioma Cells. In Vivo 2020; 34:595-599. [PMID: 32111758 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.11812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM The effects of cinnamaldehyde on glioma are still unclear. We aimed to investigate the effects of cinnamaldehyde on the viability and expression of chemokine receptors CXCR4 and CXCR7 in temozolomide (TMZ)-treated glioma cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cell viability and CXCR4 and CXCR7 expression were measured by western blotting at 72 h after treatment with various concentrations of cinnamaldehyde and TMZ. RESULTS Cell viability was significantly lower after treatment with 300 μM TMZ, 50 μM cinnamaldehyde, 75 μM cinnamaldehyde, or combined treatment with 300 μM TMZ plus 50 μM or 75 μM cinnamaldehyde than after no treatment (i.e., without TMZ or cinnamaldehyde); and significantly lower after combined treatment with 300 μM TMZ plus 75 μM cinnamaldehyde but not 50 μM cinnamaldehyde, than treatment with 300 μM TMZ alone. Western blotting showed that either single treatments or combined treatments had lower CXCR4 expression (compared to the no-treatment control). Compared to 300 μM TMZ alone, both combined treatment of 300 μM TMZ plus 50 μM cinnamaldehyde or 75 μM cinnamaldehyde had significantly lowered CXCR4 expression. However, CXCR7 expression was not significantly different in all groups. CONCLUSION Cinnamaldehyde, acting with TMZ, reduces glioma cell viability possibly via decreasing CXCR4 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Cherng Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi, Taiwan, R.O.C.,School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Haulien, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Pei-Shan Hsieh
- Department of Medical Research, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Shu-Min Chen
- Department of Medical Research, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Juen-Haur Hwang
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Haulien, Taiwan, R.O.C. .,Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
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Li Y, Li Y, Zou Z, Li Y, Xie H, Yang H. Yin Yang Gong Ji pill is an ancient formula with antitumor activity against hepatoma cells. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 248:112267. [PMID: 31586691 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.112267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2018] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Yin Yang Gong Ji pill (YYGJ) is a formula that was used in the Ming Dynasty. This study investigated the effects of YYGJ on HepG2 and MHCC97H hepatoma cells. MATERIAL AND METHODS The effects of YYGJ drug-containing rat serum (YYGJ serum) on cell proliferation and the cell cycle were investigated by a tetrazolium dye-based MTS assay and flow cytometry. Apoptosis was assayed by TUNEL and flow cytometry. E-cadherin, vimentin, c-Myc, Smad4, and MMP2 expression were assayed by real-time quantitative PCR and Western blot assays. The effects on cell invasiveness and migration were evaluated by wound healing and transwell assays. The antitumor activity of 10% YYGJ serum was compared to that of blank control, 10% rat serum control and 5-fluorouracil(FU). RESULTS HepG2 and MHCC97H cell proliferation was inhibited by YYGJ serum in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. Cells accumulated in G0/G1 and apoptosis was increased in both cell lines by 10% YYGJ serum. The effects of apoptosis in 10% YYGJ serum were weaker than those in response to 5-FU. E-cadherin and Smad4 expression were upregulated by 10% YYGJ serum, but c-Myc, vimentin and MMP2 expression were downregulated in both hepatoma cell lines. The protein expression of Smad4 in HepG2, and mRNA expression of MMP2 and E-cadherin in both cell lines had no difference between 10% YYGJ serum and 5-FU treated groups. Cell invasion and migration were decreased by 10%YYGJ serum while cell cytotoxicity was shown in 5-FU treated group. CONCLUSIONS YYGJ drug-containing serum inhibited HepG2 and MHCC97H cell proliferation, induced apoptosis, and regulated the expression of tumor-related genes and proteins. It reduced tumor cell invasion and migration. Further study to investigate the antitumor activity of YYGJ is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongwei Li
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Yujie Li
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zengcheng Zou
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yue Li
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Heping Xie
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hongzhi Yang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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Zhang W, Gao J, Cheng C, Zhang M, Liu W, Ma X, Lei W, Hao E, Hou X, Hou Y, Bai G. Cinnamaldehyde Enhances Antimelanoma Activity through Covalently Binding ENO1 and Exhibits a Promoting Effect with Dacarbazine. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12020311. [PMID: 32013122 PMCID: PMC7072165 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12020311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
At present, melanoma is a common malignant tumor with the highest mortality rate of all types of skin cancer. Although the first option for treating melanoma is with chemicals, the effects are unsatisfactory and include poor medication response and high resistance. Therefore, developing new medicines or a novel combination approach would be a significant breakthrough. Here, we present cinnamaldehyde (CA) as a potential candidate, which exerted an antitumor effect in melanoma cell lines. Chemical biology methods of target fishing, molecular imaging, and live cell tracing by an alkynyl-CA probe revealed that the α-enolase (ENO1) protein was the target of CA. The covalent binding of CA with ENO1 changed the stability of the ENO1 protein and affected the glycolytic activity. Furthermore, our results demonstrated that dacarbazine (DTIC) showed a high promoting effect with CA for antimelanoma both in vivo and in vitro. The combination improved the DTIC cell cycle arrest in the S phase and markedly impacted melanoma growth. As a covalent inhibitor of ENO1, CA combined with DTIC may be beneficial in patients with drug resistance in antimelanoma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiyi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300353, China; (W.Z.); (J.G.); (C.C.); (M.Z.); (W.L.); (X.M.); (W.L.)
| | - Jie Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300353, China; (W.Z.); (J.G.); (C.C.); (M.Z.); (W.L.); (X.M.); (W.L.)
| | - Chuanjing Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300353, China; (W.Z.); (J.G.); (C.C.); (M.Z.); (W.L.); (X.M.); (W.L.)
| | - Man Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300353, China; (W.Z.); (J.G.); (C.C.); (M.Z.); (W.L.); (X.M.); (W.L.)
| | - Wenjuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300353, China; (W.Z.); (J.G.); (C.C.); (M.Z.); (W.L.); (X.M.); (W.L.)
| | - Xiaoyao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300353, China; (W.Z.); (J.G.); (C.C.); (M.Z.); (W.L.); (X.M.); (W.L.)
| | - Wei Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300353, China; (W.Z.); (J.G.); (C.C.); (M.Z.); (W.L.); (X.M.); (W.L.)
| | - Erwei Hao
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Research on Functional Ingredients from Agricultural Residues, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Efficacy Study on Chinese Materia Medica, Guangxi University of Chinese medicine, Nanning 530200, China; (E.H.); (X.H.)
| | - Xiaotao Hou
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Research on Functional Ingredients from Agricultural Residues, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Efficacy Study on Chinese Materia Medica, Guangxi University of Chinese medicine, Nanning 530200, China; (E.H.); (X.H.)
| | - Yuanyuan Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300353, China; (W.Z.); (J.G.); (C.C.); (M.Z.); (W.L.); (X.M.); (W.L.)
- Correspondence: (Y.H.); (G.B.)
| | - Gang Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300353, China; (W.Z.); (J.G.); (C.C.); (M.Z.); (W.L.); (X.M.); (W.L.)
- Correspondence: (Y.H.); (G.B.)
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Chiang YF, Chen HY, Huang KC, Lin PH, Hsia SM. Dietary Antioxidant Trans-Cinnamaldehyde Reduced Visfatin-Induced Breast Cancer Progression: In Vivo and In Vitro Study. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8120625. [PMID: 31817697 PMCID: PMC6943554 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8120625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive growth of cancer cells is the main cause of cancer mortality. Therefore, discovering how to inhibit cancer growth is an important research topic. Recently, the newly discovered adipokine, known as nicotinamide phosphoribosyl transferase (NAMPT, visfatin), which has been associated with metabolic syndrome and obesity, has also been found to be a major cause of cancer proliferation. Therefore, inhibition of NAMPT and reduction of Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) synthesis is one strategy for cancer therapy. Cinnamaldehyde (CA), as an antioxidant and anticancer natural compound, may have the ability to inhibit visfatin. The breast cancer cell line and xenograft animal models were treated under different dosages of visfatin combined with CA and FK866 (a visfatin inhibitor) to test for cell toxicity, as well as inhibition of tumor-related proliferation of protein expression. In the breast cancer cell and the xenograft animal model, visfatin significantly increased proliferation-related protein expression, but combination with CA or FK866 significantly reduced visfatin-induced carcinogenic effects. For the first time, a natural compound inhibiting extracellular and intracellular NAMPT has been demonstrated. We hope that, in the future, this can be used as a potential anticancer compound and provide further directions for research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Fen Chiang
- Graduate Institute of Metabolism and Obesity Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (H.-Y.C.); (K.-C.H.); (P.-H.L.)
| | - Hsin-Yuan Chen
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (H.-Y.C.); (K.-C.H.); (P.-H.L.)
| | - Ko-Chieh Huang
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (H.-Y.C.); (K.-C.H.); (P.-H.L.)
| | - Po-Han Lin
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (H.-Y.C.); (K.-C.H.); (P.-H.L.)
| | - Shih-Min Hsia
- Graduate Institute of Metabolism and Obesity Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (H.-Y.C.); (K.-C.H.); (P.-H.L.)
- School of Food and Safety, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Nutrition Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2-2736-1661 (ext. 6558)
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Wang P, Ma L, Jin J, Zheng M, Pan L, Zhao Y, Sun X, Liu Y, Xing F. The anti-aflatoxigenic mechanism of cinnamaldehyde in Aspergillus flavus. Sci Rep 2019; 9:10499. [PMID: 31324857 PMCID: PMC6642104 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-47003-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), the predominant and most carcinogenic naturally polyketide, is mainly produced by Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus. Cinnamaldehyde has been reported for inhibiting the growth and aflatoxin biosynthesis in A. flavus. But its molecular mechanism of action still remains largely ambiguous. Here, the anti-aflatoxigenic mechanism of cinnamaldehyde in A. flavus was investigated via a comparative transcriptomic analysis. The results indicated that twenty five of thirty genes in aflatoxin cluster showed down-regulation by cinnamaldehyde although the cluster regulators aflR and aflS were slightly up-regulated. This may be due to the up-regulation of the oxidative stress-related genes srrA, msnA and atfB being caused by the significant down-regulation of the diffusible factor FluG. Cinnamaldehyde also inhibited aflatoxin formation by perturbing GPCRs and oxylipins normal function, cell wall biosynthesis and redox equilibrium. In addition, accumulation of NADPH due to up-regulation of pentose phosphate pathway drove acetyl-CoA to lipids synthesis rather than polyketides. Both GO and KEGG analysis suggested that pyruvate and phenylalanine metabolism, post-transcriptional modification and key enzymes biosynthesis might be involved in the suppression of AFB1 production by cinnamaldehyde. This study served to decipher the anti-aflatoxigenic properties of cinnamaldehyde in A. flavus and provided powerful evidence for its use in practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Wang
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100193, P.R. China
| | - Longxue Ma
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100193, P.R. China
| | - Jing Jin
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100193, P.R. China
| | - Mumin Zheng
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100193, P.R. China
| | - Lin Pan
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100193, P.R. China
| | - Yueju Zhao
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100193, P.R. China
| | - Xiulan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P.R. China
| | - Yang Liu
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100193, P.R. China
| | - Fuguo Xing
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100193, P.R. China.
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Wu CE, Zhuang YW, Zhou JY, Liu SL, Wang RP, Shu P. Cinnamaldehyde enhances apoptotic effect of oxaliplatin and reverses epithelial-mesenchymal transition and stemnness in hypoxic colorectal cancer cells. Exp Cell Res 2019; 383:111500. [PMID: 31306656 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2019.111500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Oxaliplatin has been widely applied in clinical tumor chemotherapy, the treatment failure of which mainly blames on low susceptibility resulted from intrinsic or acquired drug resistance in tumor cells. Microenvironmental hypoxia is one of the important pathological features of solid tumors, which is closely related to the radiochemotherapy tolerance and poor prognosis. Cinnamaldehyde is extracted from Cinnamomum cassia with inhibiting effect against kinds of tumors. In this study, we demonstrated that hypoxia reduced the sensitivity to oxaliplatin in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells via inducing EMT and stemness. Nonetheless, cinnamaldehyde increased the curative effect of oxaliplatin by promoting apoptosis both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, cinnamaldehyde and oxaliplatin synergistically reversed hypoxia-induced EMT and stemness of CRC cells and suppressed hypoxia-activated Wnt/β-catenin pathway synergistically. These consequences uncovered the potential therapeutic value of cinnamaldehyde and provided novel ideas on improving the sensitivity of oxaliplatin in CRC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cun-En Wu
- Department of Oncology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yu-Wen Zhuang
- Department of Oncology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China; Jinling Hospital Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210002, Jiangsu, China; The First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jin-Yong Zhou
- Department of Oncology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shen-Lin Liu
- Department of Oncology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rui-Ping Wang
- Department of Oncology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Peng Shu
- Department of Oncology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.
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He W, Zhang W, Zheng Q, Wei Z, Wang Y, Hu M, Ma F, Tao N, Luo C. Cinnamaldehyde causes apoptosis of myeloid-derived suppressor cells through the activation of TLR4. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:2420-2426. [PMID: 31402944 PMCID: PMC6676727 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Malignant tumors are among the most life-threatening diseases in the world. Although many different types of antitumor agents are available, severe side effects and toxicity limit their applications. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) inhibit the antitumor immune response by suppressing the proliferation of T cells, the production of cytokines and the killing of tumor cells. As MDSCs have become novel targets in cancer therapy, this research focused on the anti-MDSC function of cinnamaldehyde (CA), which is extracted from cinnamon, a traditional Chinese spice. In the present study, MDSCs isolated from the spleens of mice with colon cancer were used as an in vitro model to assess the efficacy of CA. Treatment of MDSCs with CA significantly decreased cell proliferation and induced apoptotic cell death. Subsequent experiments demonstrated that CA treatment enhanced the expression of Bax and caspase-9 and inhibited the expression of Bcl-2, suggesting that CA induced apoptosis in the MDSCs via the intrinsic pathway. Taken together, the results demonstrated that CA exhibited significant anti-MDSC activity and attenuated the suppression of the antitumor immune response, indicating a potential use for CA in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanzhuo He
- College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P.R. China
| | - Wensheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Protein and Peptide Pharmaceuticals, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, P.R. China
| | - Qilin Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Protein and Peptide Pharmaceuticals, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, P.R. China
| | - Zheng Wei
- Key Laboratory of Protein and Peptide Pharmaceuticals, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, P.R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Infinitus Chinese Herbal Immunity Research Centre, Infinitus China Company Ltd., Guangzhou, Guangdong 510663, P.R. China
| | - Minghua Hu
- Infinitus Chinese Herbal Immunity Research Centre, Infinitus China Company Ltd., Guangzhou, Guangdong 510663, P.R. China
| | - Fangli Ma
- Infinitus Chinese Herbal Immunity Research Centre, Infinitus China Company Ltd., Guangzhou, Guangdong 510663, P.R. China
| | - Ning Tao
- Key Laboratory of Protein and Peptide Pharmaceuticals, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, P.R. China
| | - Cong Luo
- Department of Abdominal Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, P.R. China
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Anti-cancer effects of cinnamon: Insights into its apoptosis effects. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 178:131-140. [PMID: 31195168 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.05.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is known as a leading cause of death worldwide. In the last two decades, the incidence of cancer has been dramatically increased mostly due to lifestyle changes. The importance of this issue has attracted further attention to discover novel therapies to prevent and treat cancers. According to previous studies, drugs used to treat cancer have shown significant limitations. Therefore, the role of herbal medicines alone or in combination with chemotherapy drugs has been extensively studied in cancer treatment. Cinnamon is a natural component showing a wide range of pharmacological functions including anti-oxidant, anti-microbial and anti-cancer activities. Impaired apoptosis plays critical roles in the initiation and progression of cancer. Increasing evidence indicates that cinnamon, as a therapeutic agent, has anti-cancer effects via affecting numerous apoptosis-related pathways in cancer cells. Here, we highlighted anticancer properties of cinnamon, particularly through targeting apoptosis-related mechanisms.
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Combined treatment with 2'-hydroxycinnamaldehyde and temozolomide suppresses glioblastoma tumorspheres by decreasing stemness and invasiveness. J Neurooncol 2019; 143:69-77. [PMID: 30887242 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-019-03151-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and aggressive human primary brain malignancy. The key properties of GBM, stemness and invasiveness, are known to be associated with a highly unfavorable prognosis. Notably, the process of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is closely related to the progression of GBM. On the basis of reports that 2'-hydroxycinnamaldehyde (HCA) and its derivative, 2'-benzoyloxycinnamaldehyde (BCA), suppresses EMT in several human cancer cells, we sought to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of HCA and BCA, alone and in combination with temozolomide (TMZ), on GBM tumorspheres (TSs). METHODS Two human GBM TSs were treated with HCA, BCA, or TMZ. Therapeutic effects were evaluated by measuring ATP levels, neurosphere formation, 3D-invasion in collagen matrix, and viability. Protein expression profiles after drug treatment were evaluated by western blotting. In vivo anticancer efficacy of drugs was examined in a mouse orthotopic xenograft model. RESULTS Combined treatment of GBM TSs with HCA or BCA and TMZ significantly reduced cell viability, stemness, and invasiveness. Expression levels of stemness-, invasiveness-, and mesenchymal transition-associated markers, Zeb1, N-cadherin, and β-catenin, were also substantially decreased by the combined treatment. The combined treatment also reduced tumor growth in a mouse orthotopic xenograft model. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that HCA and BCA, combined with TMZ, are potential therapeutic agents in the treatment of GBM.
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Ahmed J, Altun E, Aydogdu MO, Gunduz O, Kerai L, Ren G, Edirisinghe M. Anti-fungal bandages containing cinnamon extract. Int Wound J 2019; 16:730-736. [PMID: 30767437 PMCID: PMC6849878 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.13090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Cinnamon‐containing polycaprolactone (PCL) bandages were produced by pressurised gyration and their anti‐fungal activities against Candida albicans were investigated. It was found that by preparing and spinning polymer solutions of cinnamon with PCL, fibres capable of inhibiting fungal growth could be produced, as observed in disk diffusion tests for anti‐fungal susceptibility. Fascinatingly, compared with raw cinnamon powder, the novel cinnamon‐loaded fibres had outstanding long‐term activity. The results presented here are very promising and may indeed accelerate a new era of using completely natural materials in biomedical applications, especially in wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jubair Ahmed
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College London, London, UK
| | - Esra Altun
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, University of Marmara, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet O Aydogdu
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, University of Marmara, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Oguzhan Gunduz
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, University of Marmara, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Laxmi Kerai
- School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hertfordshire, UK
| | - Guogang Ren
- School of Engineering and Technology, University of Hertfordshire, Hertfordshire, UK
| | - Mohan Edirisinghe
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College London, London, UK
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63
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Yoon YJ, Kim YH, Lee YJ, Choi J, Kim CH, Han DC, Kwon BM. 2'-Hydroxycinnamaldehyde inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis via signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 inactivation and reactive oxygen species generation. Cancer Sci 2018; 110:366-378. [PMID: 30375708 PMCID: PMC6317917 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Revised: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhibition of the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling pathway is a novel therapeutic strategy to treat human cancers with constitutively active STAT3. During the screening of natural products to find STAT3 inhibitors, we identified 2′‐hydroxycinnamaldehyde (HCA) as a STAT3 inhibitor, which was isolated from the stem bark of Cinnamomum cassia. In this study, we found that HCA inhibited constitutive and inducible STAT3 activation in STAT3‐activated DU145 prostate cancer cells. HCA selectively inhibited the STAT3 activity by direct binding to STAT3, which was confirmed by biochemical methods, including a pull‐down assay with biotin‐conjugated HCA, a drug affinity responsive target stability (DARTS) experiment and a cellular thermal shift assay (CETSA). HCA inhibited STAT3 phosphorylation at the tyrosine 705 residue, dimer formation, and nuclear translocation in DU145 cells, which led to a downregulation of STAT3 target genes. The downregulation of cell cycle progression and antiapoptosis‐related gene expression by HCA induced the accumulation of cells in the G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle and then induced apoptosis. We also found that reactive oxygen species (ROS) were involved in the HCA‐induced inhibition of STAT3 activation and cell proliferation because the suppressed p‐STAT3 level was rescued by glutathione or N‐acetyl‐L‐cysteine treatment, which are general ROS inhibitors. These results suggest that HCA could be a potent anticancer agent targeting STAT3‐activated tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yae Jin Yoon
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Genomics, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Young-Hwan Kim
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Genomics, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Korea.,Department of Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Yu-Jin Lee
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Genomics, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jiyeon Choi
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Genomics, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Korea.,Department of Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Cheol-Hee Kim
- Department of Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Dong Cho Han
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Genomics, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Korea.,Korea University of Science and Technology in Korea, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Byoung-Mog Kwon
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Genomics, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Korea.,Korea University of Science and Technology in Korea, Daejeon, Korea
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64
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Yoon YJ, Kim YH, Jin Y, Chi SW, Moon JH, Han DC, Kwon BM. 2′-hydroxycinnamaldehyde inhibits cancer cell proliferation and tumor growth by targeting the pyruvate kinase M2. Cancer Lett 2018; 434:42-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2018.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Revised: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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65
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Omar AM, Abdelghany TM, Abdel-Bakky MS, Alahdal AM, Radwan MF, El-Araby ME. Design, Synthesis and Antiproliferative Activities of Oxidative Stress Inducers Based on 2-Styryl-3,5-dihydro-4 H-imidazol-4-one Scaffold. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2018; 66:967-975. [DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c18-00398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abdelsattar M. Omar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University
| | | | - Mohamed S. Abdel-Bakky
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Aljouf University
| | | | - Mohamed F. Radwan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University
| | - Moustafa E. El-Araby
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University
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66
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Salehi B, Zucca P, Sharifi-Rad M, Pezzani R, Rajabi S, Setzer WN, Varoni EM, Iriti M, Kobarfard F, Sharifi-Rad J. Phytotherapeutics in cancer invasion and metastasis. Phytother Res 2018; 32:1425-1449. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Revised: 03/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bahare Salehi
- Medical Ethics and Law Research Center; Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - Paolo Zucca
- Department of Biomedical Sciences; University of Cagliari; Cagliari Italy
| | - Mehdi Sharifi-Rad
- Department of Medical Parasitology; Zabol University of Medical Sciences; Zabol 61663-335 Iran
| | - Raffaele Pezzani
- OU Endocrinology, Dept. Medicine (DIMED); University of Padova; via Ospedale 105 Padova 35128 Italy
- AIROB, Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca Oncologica di Base; Padova Italy
| | - Sadegh Rajabi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine; Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - William N. Setzer
- Department of Chemistry; University of Alabama in Huntsville; Huntsville AL 35899 USA
| | - Elena Maria Varoni
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences; Milan State University; Milan Italy
| | - Marcello Iriti
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences; Milan State University; Milan Italy
| | - Farzad Kobarfard
- Phytochemistry Research Center; Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy; Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - Javad Sharifi-Rad
- Phytochemistry Research Center; Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
- Department of Chemistry, Richardson College for the Environmental Science Complex; The University of Winnipeg; Winnipeg MB Canada
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67
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Cinnamon in Anticancer Armamentarium: A Molecular Approach. J Toxicol 2018; 2018:8978731. [PMID: 29796019 PMCID: PMC5896244 DOI: 10.1155/2018/8978731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Revised: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, natural bioactive components draw a major attention for their potent anticarcinogenic activity. Cinnamon, one of the traditional spices, most frequently used in almost every household of tropical countries has got enormous efficacy to combat cancer. Cinnamon as a whole and/or its active components exhibited significant antineoplastic activity in different types of cancer. This review has been carried out to elicit the molecular mechanisms of action of cinnamon and its components on oncogenic regulators and related pathways. Web sites of Google Scholar, Medline, and PubMed were searched for articles written in English and published in peer-reviewed journals from 2003 to 2017. The anticarcinogenic potential of cinnamon varies with the type of cancer and also depends on the administered active compound individually or in combination with some chemicals or even extract of cinnamon as a whole. Some of its active components exert chemosensitization of well-known anticancer drugs. These outstanding properties of this spice necessitate its incorporation in both pharmaceuticals and nutraceuticals to explore possibilities of formulation of novel drug from this spice for treatment and prevention strategy of cancer.
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68
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Sandner D, Krings U, Berger RG. Volatiles from Cinnamomum cassia buds. Z NATURFORSCH C 2018; 73:67-75. [PMID: 29145172 DOI: 10.1515/znc-2017-0087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
While the chemical composition of leaf and stem bark essential oils of the Chinese cinnamon, Cinnamomum cassia (L.) J. Presl, has been well investigated, little is known about the volatilom of its buds, which appeared recently on German markets. Soxhlet extracts of the commercial samples were prepared, fractionated using silica gel and characterised by gas chromatography-flame ionisation detector (GC-FID) for semi-quantification, by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) for identification and by GC-FID/olfactometry for sensory evaluation. Cinnamaldehyde was the most abundant compound with concentrations up to 40 mg/g sample. In total, 36 compounds were identified and 30 were semi-quantified. The extracts contained mostly phenylpropanoids, mono- and sesquiterpene hydrocarbons and oxygenated derivatives. Because of the high abundance of cinnamaldehyde, the aldehyde fraction was removed from the extracts by adding hydrogen sulphite to improve both the detection of trace compounds and column chromatography. The aldehyde fraction was analysed by GC-MS separately. The highest flavour dilution factor of 316 was calculated for cinnamaldehyde. Other main sensory contributors were 2-phenylethanol and cinnamyl alcohol. This report provides the first GC-olfactometry data of a plant part of a Cinnamomum species. The strongly lignified C. cassia buds combine a high abundance of cinnamaldehyde with comparably low coumarin concentrations (<0.48 mg/g), and provide a large cinnamaldehyde depot for slow release applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Sandner
- Institut für Lebensmittelchemie, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Callinstraße 5, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - Ulrich Krings
- Institut für Lebensmittelchemie, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Callinstraße 5, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - Ralf G Berger
- Institut für Lebensmittelchemie, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Callinstraße 5, 30167 Hannover, Germany
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69
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Friedman M. Chemistry, Antimicrobial Mechanisms, and Antibiotic Activities of Cinnamaldehyde against Pathogenic Bacteria in Animal Feeds and Human Foods. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:10406-10423. [PMID: 29155570 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b04344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Cinnamaldehyde is a major constituent of cinnamon essential oils produced by aromatic cinnamon plants. This compound has been reported to exhibit antimicrobial properties in vitro in laboratory media and in animal feeds and human foods contaminated with disease-causing bacteria including Bacillus cereus, Campylobacter jejuni, Clostridium perfringens, Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes, and Salmonella enterica. This integrated review surveys and interprets our current knowledge of the chemistry, analysis, safety, mechanism of action, and antibiotic activities of cinnamaldehyde in food animal (cattle, lambs, calves, pigs, poultry) diets and in widely consumed liquid (apple, carrot, tomato, and watermelon juices, milk) and solid foods. Solid foods include various fruits (bayberries, blueberries, raspberries, and strawberries), vegetables (carrots, celery, lettuce, spinach, cucumbers, and tomatoes), meats (beef, ham, pork, and frankfurters), poultry (chickens and turkeys), seafood (oysters and shrimp), bread, cheese, eggs, infant formula, and peanut paste. The described findings are not only of fundamental interest but also have practical implications for food safety, nutrition, and animal and human health. The collated information and suggested research needs will hopefully facilitate and guide further studies needed to optimize the use of cinnamaldehyde alone and in combination with other natural antimicrobials and medicinal antibiotics to help prevent and treat food animal and human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mendel Friedman
- Healthy Processed Foods Research, Western Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture , Albany, California 94710, United States
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70
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Moradzadeh M, Roustazadeh A, Tabarraei A, Erfanian S, Sahebkar A. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate enhances differentiation of acute promyelocytic leukemia cells via inhibition of PML-RARα and HDAC1. Phytother Res 2017; 32:471-479. [PMID: 29193405 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2017] [Revised: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The use of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) has dramatically improved the treatment and survival rate of patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). However, toxicity and resistance to this drug are major problems in the treatment of APL with ATRA. Earlier studies have suggested that the green tea polyphenol epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) induces cell death in hematopoietic neoplasms without adversely affecting normal cells. In the present study, the potential therapeutic effect of EGCG in APL and the underlying molecular mechanisms were investigated. EGCG (100 μM) significantly inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis in HL-60 and NB4 cells. This effect was associated with decreased expressions of multidrug resistance proteins ABCB1, and ABCC1, whereas the expressions of pro-apoptotic genes CASP3, CASP8, p21, and Bax/Bcl-2 ratio were significantly increased. EGCG, at 25 μM concentration, induced differentiation of leukemic cells towards granulocytic pattern in a similar manner to that observed for ATRA (1 μM). Furthermore, EGCG suppressed the expression of clinical marker PML/RARα in NB4 cells and reduced the expression of HDAC1 in leukemic cells. In conclusion, the results suggested that EGCG can be considered as a potential treatment for APL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maliheh Moradzadeh
- Golestan Rheumatology Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Abazar Roustazadeh
- Research Center for Non-Communicable Diseases and Biochemistry Department, Department of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, School of Medicine, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences (JUMS), Jahrom, Iran
| | - Alijan Tabarraei
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Saiedeh Erfanian
- Research Center for Non-Communicable Diseases and Biochemistry Department, Department of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, School of Medicine, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences (JUMS), Jahrom, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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71
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Anticarcinogenic Effect of Spices Due to Phenolic and Flavonoid Compounds-In Vitro Evaluation on Prostate Cells. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22101626. [PMID: 28956846 PMCID: PMC6151579 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22101626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2017] [Accepted: 09/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study shows the effects of spices, and their phenolic and flavonoid compounds, on prostate cell lines (PNT1A, 22RV1 and PC3). The results of an MTT assay on extracts from eight spices revealed the strongest inhibitory effects were from black pepper and caraway seed extracts. The strongest inhibitory effect on prostatic cells was observed after the application of extracts of spices in concentration of 12.5 mg·mL-1. An LC/MS analysis identified that the most abundant phenolic and flavonoid compounds in black pepper are 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde and naringenin chalcone, while the most abundant phenolic and flavonoid compounds in caraway seeds are neochlorogenic acid and apigenin. Using an MTT assay for the phenolic and flavonoid compounds from spices, we identified the IC50 value of ~1 mmol·L-1 PNT1A. The scratch test demonstrated that the most potent inhibitory effect on PNT1A, 22RV1 and PC3 cells is from the naringenin chalcone contained in black pepper. From the spectrum of compounds assessed, the naringenin chalcone contained in black pepper was identified as the most potent inhibitor of the growth of prostate cells.
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72
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Han X, Parker TL. Antiinflammatory Activity of Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) Bark Essential Oil in a Human Skin Disease Model. Phytother Res 2017; 31:1034-1038. [PMID: 28444928 PMCID: PMC5518441 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Revised: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The effect of cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) bark essential oil (CBEO) on human skin cells has not been elucidated. Therefore, we investigated the activity of a commercially available CBEO in a validated human dermal fibroblast system, a model of chronic inflammation and fibrosis. We first evaluated the impact of CBEO on 17 protein biomarkers that play critical roles in inflammation and tissue remodeling. The impact of CBEO on genome‐wide gene expression was also evaluated. CBEO showed strong anti‐proliferative effects on skin cells and significantly inhibited the production of several inflammatory biomarkers, including vascular cell adhesion molecule‐1, intercellular cell adhesion molecule‐1, monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1, interferon gamma‐induced protein 10, interferon‐inducible T‐cell alpha chemoattractant, and monokine induced by gamma interferon. In addition, CBEO significantly inhibited the production of several tissue remodeling molecules, including epidermal growth factor receptor, matrix metalloproteinase‐1, and plasminogen activator inhibitor‐1. Macrophage colony‐stimulating factor, which is an immunomodulatory protein molecule, was also significantly inhibited by CBEO. Furthermore, CBEO significantly modulated global gene expression and altered signaling pathways, many of which are important in inflammation, tissue remodeling, and cancer biology. The study shows that CBEO is a promising antiinflammatory agent; however, further research is required to clarify its clinical efficacy. © 2017 The Authors. Phytotherapy Research published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuesheng Han
- dōTERRA International, LLC, 389 S. 1300 W, Pleasant Grove, UT, 84062, USA
| | - Tory L Parker
- dōTERRA International, LLC, 389 S. 1300 W, Pleasant Grove, UT, 84062, USA
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73
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Wu C, Zhuang Y, Jiang S, Tian F, Teng Y, Chen X, Zheng P, Liu S, Zhou J, Wu J, Wang R, Zou X. Cinnamaldehyde induces apoptosis and reverses epithelial-mesenchymal transition through inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin pathway in non-small cell lung cancer. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2017; 84:58-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2017.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2016] [Revised: 12/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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74
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Euphorbia factor L2 induces apoptosis in A549 cells through the mitochondrial pathway. Acta Pharm Sin B 2017; 7:59-64. [PMID: 28119809 PMCID: PMC5237708 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2016.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Revised: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Euphorbia factor L2, a lathyrane diterpenoid isolated from caper euphorbia seed (the seeds of Euphorbia lathyris L.), has been traditionally applied to treat cancer. This article focuses on the cytotoxic activity of Euphorbia factor L2 against lung carcinoma A549 cells and the mechanism by which apoptosis is induced. We analyzed the cytotoxicity and related mechanism of Euphorbia factor L2 with an MTT assay, an annexin V-FITC/PI test, a colorimetric assay, and immunoblotting. Euphorbia factor L2 showed potent cytotoxicity to A549 cells. Euphorbia factor L2 led to an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, a loss of mitochondrial electrochemical potential, release of cytochrome c, activation of caspase-9 and caspase-3, and cleavage of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase, suggesting that Euphorbia factor L2 induced apoptosis through a mitochondrial pathway. The cytotoxic activity of Euphorbia factor L2 in A549 cells and the related mechanisms of apoptotic induction provide support for the further investigation of caper euphorbia seeds.
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75
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Burt SA, Adolfse SJM, Ahad DSA, Tersteeg-Zijderveld MHG, Jongerius-Gortemaker BGM, Post JA, Brüggemann H, Santos RR. Cinnamaldehyde, Carvacrol and Organic Acids Affect Gene Expression of Selected Oxidative Stress and Inflammation Markers in IPEC-J2 Cells Exposed to Salmonella typhimurium. Phytother Res 2016; 30:1988-2000. [PMID: 27561686 PMCID: PMC5157771 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Revised: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Essential oils and organic acids are used as feed additives to improve health status and reduce colonization with pathogens. Although bactericidal in vitro, concentrations achieved in the animal gut are probably not lethal to pathogens. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of cinnamaldehyde, carvacrol and cinnamic, lactic and propionic acids on the ability of Salmonella typhimurium ATCC 14028 (ST) to invade intestinal epithelial cells (IPEC-J2) and on the expression levels of immune related genes in the cells. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and non-inhibitory concentration (NIC) were determined and influence on the invasion capacity of ST was investigated. The structure of fimbriae and flagella was analysed by electron microscopy, and expression levels of HSP70, IkBa, IL-8 and IL-10 in the IPEC-J2 cells were carried out by q-PCR. Cinnamaldehyde, carvacrol and cinnamic and propionic acids inhibited ST invasion but not cell viability, bacterial viability and motility or the development of flagella. Propionic acid and cinnamaldehyde in combination with cinnamic acid caused structural impairment of fimbriae. Cinnamaldehyde up-regulated expression of HSP70 irrespective of the presence of organic acids or ST; exposure to carvacrol induced HSP70 only in the presence of propionic acid and ST. © 2016 The Authors. Phytotherapy Research published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara A Burt
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Division of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Simone J M Adolfse
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Division of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Dina S A Ahad
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Division of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Monique H G Tersteeg-Zijderveld
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Division of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Betty G M Jongerius-Gortemaker
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Division of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jan A Post
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Regiane R Santos
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Division of Veterinary Pharmacy, Pharmacotherapy and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Animal Sciences Post-graduation Program, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
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