51
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Paramithiotis S, Papadelli M, Pardali E, Mataragas M, Drosinos EH. Evaluation of Plantaricin Genes Expression During Fermentation of Raphanus sativus Roots with a Plantaricin-Producing Lactobacillus plantarum Starter. Curr Microbiol 2019; 76:909-916. [PMID: 31119361 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-019-01708-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to assess the transcription of the plnE/F, plnN, plnG, plnD and plnI genes during lactic acid fermentation of radish (Raphanus sativus) roots by Lactobacillus plantarum strain LQC 740 at 20 and 30 °C. At both temperatures, this strain dominated the fermentation process, as indicated by (GTG)5 analysis. A total of five pln genes were detected in the genome of this strain, namely plnE/F, plnN, plnG, plnD and plnI. Regarding plantaricin genes expression, no regulation was observed in the majority of the samples at both temperatures, therefore, the transcription of the pln genes was not affected by the experimental conditions, i.e. radish fermentation vs. growth in MRS broth. Although transcription of the pln genes was similar between the two conditions, bacteriocin activity was different. The maximum plantaricin activity was 87.5 AU/mL during radish fermentation and 700 AU/mL during growth in MRS broth. Thus, no apparent correlation between bacteriocin activity and transcription level of the five pln genes could be established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spiros Paramithiotis
- Laboratory of Food Quality Control and Hygiene, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855, Athens, Greece.
| | - Marina Papadelli
- Department of Food Technology, Technological Educational Institute of Peloponnese, 24100, Kalamata, Greece
| | - Eleni Pardali
- Laboratory of Food Quality Control and Hygiene, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855, Athens, Greece
| | - Marios Mataragas
- Department of Dairy Research, Institute of Technology of Agricultural Products, Hellenic Agricultural Organization "DEMETER", Ethnikis Antistaseos 3, 45221, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Eleftherios H Drosinos
- Laboratory of Food Quality Control and Hygiene, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855, Athens, Greece
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52
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Wholey WY, Abu-Khdeir M, Yu EA, Siddiqui S, Esimai O, Dawid S. Characterization of the Competitive Pneumocin Peptides of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2019; 9:55. [PMID: 30915281 PMCID: PMC6422914 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2019.00055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In the polymicrobial environment of the human nasopharynx, Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus) competes with other members of the microbial community for limited nutrients in part by secreting small peptide bacteriocins called pneumocins. Pneumocin production is controlled by a quorum sensing system encoded by the blp locus. Although the locus is found in all pneumococci, there is significant variability in the repertoire of pneumocins and associated immunity proteins encoded in the Bacteriocin Immunity Region (BIR) and in the presence or absence of a functional Blp transporter. Strains without an active Blp transporter are inactive in plate overlay assays and rely on a homologous transporter that is only produced during brief periods of competence to stimulate the blp locus and secrete pneumocins. The variability of the locus suggests that selective pressure is influencing the content to promote the optimal competitive environment. Much of the variability in the blp locus has been described at the genome level; the phenotypic activity attributable to the various BIR genes has not been fully described. To examine the role of the predicted pneumocin peptides in competition, 454 isolates were screened for competence independent blp pheromone secretion using plate assays. Active strains were characterized for inhibition, BIR content, BlpC pherotype and serotype. Deletion analysis on inhibitory strains demonstrated that BlpI and BlpJ peptides function as a two-peptide bacteriocin and that BlpIJ immunity is encoded by the co-transcribed blpU4/5 genes. BlpIJ secretion promotes inhibitory activity against the majority of pneumococcal isolates when expressed in a Blp transporter intact background. Intermediate levels of competition in biofilms were noted when BlpIJ containing strains carried the non-functional Blp transporter. Based on genome data, the combination of BlpIJ in a Blp transporter intact strain is surprisingly rare, despite clear advantages during colonization and biofilm growth. In contrast, we show that the blpK/pncF operon encoding the single-peptide pneumocin BlpK and its immunity protein is found in the majority of isolates. Unlike, BlpIJ and BlpK were shown to promote a limited spectrum of inhibition due in part to immunity that is independent of activation of the blp locus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Yun Wholey
- Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Maha Abu-Khdeir
- Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Emily A Yu
- Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Saher Siddiqui
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Ogenna Esimai
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, United States
| | - Suzanne Dawid
- Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
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53
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Homologous Expression and Characterization of Gassericin T and Gassericin S, a Novel Class IIb Bacteriocin Produced by Lactobacillus gasseri LA327. Appl Environ Microbiol 2019; 85:AEM.02815-18. [PMID: 30610075 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02815-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 12/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Lactobacillus gasseri LA327, isolated from the large intestine tissue in humans, is a bacteriocinogenic strain with two kinds of class IIb bacteriocin structural genes, i.e., those for gassericin T (GT) and acidocin LF221A (Acd LF221A). In this study, DNA sequencing of the genes for GT and Acd LF221A from L. gasseri LA327 revealed that the amino acid sequences for GT corresponded with those for GT genes, except for GatK (histidine kinase). However, Acd LF221A genes had analogues which differed in at least one amino acid residue, to encode a class IIb bacteriocin designated gassericin S (GS). The LA327 strain retained antimicrobial activity after the deletion of the GT structural genes (gatAX); however, both GS and GT activities were lost by deletion of the putative ABC transporter gene (gatT). This indicates that the LA327 strain produces GS and GT and that GS secretion is performed via GT genes with the inclusion of gatT Homologous expression using deletion mutants of GS and GT, each containing a single peptide, elucidated that GS (GasAX) and GT (GatAX) showed synergistic activity as class IIb bacteriocins and that no synergistic activity was observed between GS and GT peptides. The molecular mass of GS was estimated to be theoretical ca. 5,400 Da by in situ activity assay after SDS-PAGE, clarifying that GS was actually expressed as an active class IIb bacteriocin. Furthermore, the stability of expressed GS to pH, heat, and protease was determined.IMPORTANCE Bacteriocins are regarded as potential alternatives for antibiotics in the absence of highly resistant bacteria. In particular, two-peptide (class IIb) bacteriocins exhibit the maximum activity through the synergy of two components, and their antimicrobial spectra are known to be relatively wide. However, there are few reports of synergistic activity of class IIb bacteriocins determined by isolation and purification of individual peptides. Our results clarified the interaction of each class IIb component peptide for GT and GS via the construction of homologous mutants, which were not dependent on the purification. These data may contribute to understanding the mechanisms of action by which class IIb bacteriocins exhibit wide antibacterial spectra.
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54
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Miljkovic M, Lozo J, Mirkovic N, O'Connor PM, Malesevic M, Jovcic B, Cotter PD, Kojic M. Functional Characterization of the Lactolisterin BU Gene Cluster of Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis BGBU1-4. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:2774. [PMID: 30498487 PMCID: PMC6249370 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.02774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The gene cluster responsible for the production of the aureocin A53-like bacteriocin, lactolisterin BU, is located on plasmid pBU6 in Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis BGBU1-4. Heterologous expression of pBU6 confirmed that production and limited immunity to lactolisterin BU were provided by the plasmid. Comparative analysis of aureocin A53-like operons revealed that the structural genes shared a low level of identity, while other genes were without homology, indicating a different origin. Subcloning and expression of genes located downstream of the structural gene, lliBU, revealed that the lactolisterin BU cluster consists of four genes: the structural gene lliBU, the abcT gene encoding an ABC transporter, the accL gene encoding an accessory protein and the immL gene which provides limited immunity to lactolisterin BU. Reverse transcription analysis revealed that all genes were transcribed as one polycistronic mRNA. Attempts to split the lactolisterin BU operon, even when both parts were under control of the PlliBU promoter, were unsuccessful indicating that expression of lactolisterin BU is probably precisely regulated at the translational level by translational coupling and is possible only when all genes of the operon are in cis constellation. Two ρ-independent transcription terminators were detected in the lactolisterin BU operon: the first in the intergenic region of the lliBU and abcT genes and the second at the end of operon. Deletion of the second transcription terminator did not influence production of the bacteriocin in lactococci.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marija Miljkovic
- Laboratory for Molecular Microbiology, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Lozo
- Laboratory for Molecular Microbiology, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.,Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nemanja Mirkovic
- Laboratory for Molecular Microbiology, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Paula M O'Connor
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Ireland.,APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Milka Malesevic
- Laboratory for Molecular Microbiology, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Branko Jovcic
- Laboratory for Molecular Microbiology, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.,Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Paul D Cotter
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Ireland.,APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Milan Kojic
- Laboratory for Molecular Microbiology, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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55
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Mesa-Pereira B, Rea MC, Cotter PD, Hill C, Ross RP. Heterologous Expression of Biopreservative Bacteriocins With a View to Low Cost Production. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:1654. [PMID: 30093889 PMCID: PMC6070625 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacteriocins, a heterogenous group of antibacterial ribosomally synthesized peptides, have potential as bio-preservatives in in a wide range of foods and as future therapeutics for the inhibition of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. While many bacteriocins have been characterized, several factors limit their production in large quantities, a requirement to make them commercially viable for food or pharma applications. The identification of new bacteriocins by database mining has been promising, but their potential is difficult to evaluate in the absence of suitable expression systems. E. coli has been used as a heterologous host to produce recombinant proteins for decades and has an extensive set of expression vectors and strains available. Here, we review the different expression systems for bacteriocin production using this host and identify the most important features to guarantee successful production of a range of bacteriocins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Mesa-Pereira
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Teagasc Moorepark, Fermoy, Cork, Ireland.,APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Mary C Rea
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Teagasc Moorepark, Fermoy, Cork, Ireland.,APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Paul D Cotter
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Teagasc Moorepark, Fermoy, Cork, Ireland.,APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Colin Hill
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.,School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - R Paul Ross
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Teagasc Moorepark, Fermoy, Cork, Ireland.,APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.,College of Science Engineering and Food Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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56
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Sushida H, Ishibashi N, Zendo T, Wilaipun P, Leelawatcharamas V, Nakayama J, Sonomoto K. Evaluation of leader peptides that affect the secretory ability of a multiple bacteriocin transporter, EnkT. J Biosci Bioeng 2018; 126:23-29. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2018.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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57
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Isolation and Characterization of Bacteriocin Producing Bacteria from Sweet Lime Juice. JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.22207/jpam.12.2.58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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58
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Kim WS, Lee JY, Singh B, Maharjan S, Hong L, Lee SM, Cui LH, Lee KJ, Kim G, Yun CH, Kang SK, Choi YJ, Cho CS. A new way of producing pediocin in Pediococcus acidilactici through intracellular stimulation by internalized inulin nanoparticles. Sci Rep 2018; 8:5878. [PMID: 29650991 PMCID: PMC5897564 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-24227-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the most challenging aspects of probiotics as a replacement for antibiotics is to enhance their antimicrobial activity against pathogens. Given that prebiotics stimulate the growth and/or activity of probiotics, we developed phthalyl inulin nanoparticles (PINs) as prebiotics and observed their effects on the cellular and antimicrobial activities of Pediococcus acidilactici (PA). First, we assessed the internalization of PINs into PA. The internalization of PINs was largely regulated by glucose transporters in PA, and the process was energy-dependent. Once internalized, PINs induced PA to produce substantial amounts of antimicrobial peptide (pediocin), which is effective against both Gram-positive (Salmonella Gallinarum) and Gram-negative (Listeria monocytogenes) pathogens. When treated with small-sized PINs, PA witnessed a nine-fold increase in antimicrobial activity. The rise in pediocin activity in PA treated with PINs was accompanied by enhanced expression of stress response genes (groEL, groES, dnaK) and pediocin biosynthesis genes (pedA, pedD). Although the mechanism is not clear, it appears that the internalization of PINs by PA causes mild stress to activate the PA defense system, leading to increased production of pediocin. Overall, we identified a prebiotic in nanoparticle form for intracellular stimulation of probiotics, demonstrating a new avenue for the biological production of antimicrobial peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Whee-Soo Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Yeong Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Bijay Singh
- Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.,Research Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology, Kathmandu, 44600, Nepal
| | - Sushila Maharjan
- Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.,Research Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology, Kathmandu, 44600, Nepal
| | - Liang Hong
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Mok Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Lian-Hua Cui
- Co-Innovation Center of Beef Cattle Science and Industry Technology, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, 133002, P. R. China
| | - Ki-June Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - GiRak Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol-Heui Yun
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.,Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Kee Kang
- Institute of Green-Bio Science & Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang, Gangwon-do, 25354, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Jaie Choi
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea. .,Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
| | - Chong-Su Cho
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea. .,Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
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59
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Diversified transporters and pathways for bacteriocin secretion in gram-positive bacteria. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 102:4243-4253. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-8917-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Revised: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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60
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Zhou B, Zhang D. Antibacterial effects of bacteriocins isolated from Lactobacillus rhamnosus (ATCC 53103) in a rabbit model of knee implant infection. Exp Ther Med 2018; 15:2985-2989. [PMID: 29599835 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.5790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Infection following orthopedic surgery is a major complication that can have serious implications on patient health. The present study aimed to investigate the antibacterial effects of bacteriocins obtained from Lactobacillus rhamnosus on a rabbit model of Staphylococcus aureus infection following knee replacement surgery. Blood samples were collected 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 days after bacteriocin injection, and C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin (IL)-6 levels were measured using commercial ELISA kits. In addition, biofilm formation was evaluated by fluorescence microscopy. Bacteriocins were identified to exhibit significant inhibitory effects on Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation, and on CRP and IL-6 levels in the serum, following surgery and infection (all P<0.05 vs. the control group). The results of the present study indicate that bacteriocins are a potential agent for the prevention of orthopedic postoperative infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Yangming Hospital of Ningbo University, Yuyao People's Hospital, Yuyao, Zhejiang 315400, P.R. China
| | - Defeng Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Yangming Hospital of Ningbo University, Yuyao People's Hospital, Yuyao, Zhejiang 315400, P.R. China
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61
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Wang Y, Shang N, Qin Y, Zhang Y, Zhang J, Li P. The complete genome sequence of Lactobacillus plantarum LPL-1, a novel antibacterial probiotic producing class IIa bacteriocin. J Biotechnol 2017; 266:84-88. [PMID: 29229543 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2017.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Revised: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Bacteriocins are antibacterial proteins or peptides synthesized by ribosomes to inhibit or kill both closely related and non-related bacterium. Class IIa bacteriocins possess high activity against foodborne pathogen Listeria monocytogenes. A novel strain Lactobacillus plantarum LPL-1 was isolated from fermented fish and considered as a bacteriocin producing probiotic with great antibacterial activity against Listeria monocytogenes 54002. The complete genome of L. plantarum LPL-1 contains one circular chromosome and plasmid. According to the genome, biosynthetic genes of bacteriocin including precursor, immunity protein,accessory protein and transporter protein were identified; and biosynthetic mechanism of class IIa bacteriocin was also further analyzed. The antibacterial activity of purified bacteriocin against L.monocytogenes54002 was determined and the diameter of inhibition zone was about 16.6 mm by vernier caliper. This work provided the complete genome information of L. plantarum LPL-1 that could benefit for understanding the biosynthetic mechanism of class IIa bacteriocin as well as the potential application of L. plantarum LPL-1 in nutraceutical and pharmaceutical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Nan Shang
- Dept. of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G2P5, Canada
| | - Yuxuan Qin
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jinlan Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Pinglan Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China.
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62
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Pediocin-like bacteriocins: new perspectives on mechanism of action and immunity. Curr Genet 2017; 64:345-351. [PMID: 28983718 DOI: 10.1007/s00294-017-0757-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Revised: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
This review attempts to analyze the mechanism of action and immunity of class IIa bacteriocins. These peptides are promising alternative food preservatives and they have a great potential application in medical sciences. Class IIa bacteriocins act on the cytoplasmic membrane of Gram-positive cells dissipating the transmembrane electrical potential by forming pores. However, their toxicity and immunity mechanism remains elusive. Here we discuss the role of the mannose phosphotransferase system (man-PTS) as the receptor for class IIa bacteriocins and the influence of the membrane composition on the activity of these antimicrobial peptides. A model that is consistent with experimental results obtained by different researchers involves the non-specific binding of the bacteriocin to the negatively charged membrane of target bacteria. This step would facilitate a specific binding to the receptor protein, altering its functionality and forming an independent pore in which the bacteriocin is inserted in the membrane. An immunity protein could specifically recognize and block the pore. Bacteriocins function in bacterial ecosystems and energetic costs associated with their production are also discussed. Theoretical models based on solid experimental evidence are vital to understand bacteriocins mechanism of action and to promote new technological developments.
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63
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Engevik MA, Versalovic J. Biochemical Features of Beneficial Microbes: Foundations for Therapeutic Microbiology. Microbiol Spectr 2017; 5:10.1128/microbiolspec.BAD-0012-2016. [PMID: 28984235 PMCID: PMC5873327 DOI: 10.1128/microbiolspec.bad-0012-2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Commensal and beneficial microbes secrete myriad products which target the mammalian host and other microbes. These secreted substances aid in bacterial niche development, and select compounds beneficially modulate the host and promote health. Microbes produce unique compounds which can serve as signaling factors to the host, such as biogenic amine neuromodulators, or quorum-sensing molecules to facilitate inter-bacterial communication. Bacterial metabolites can also participate in functional enhancement of host metabolic capabilities, immunoregulation, and improvement of intestinal barrier function. Secreted products such as lactic acid, hydrogen peroxide, bacteriocins, and bacteriocin-like substances can also target the microbiome. Microbes differ greatly in their metabolic potential and subsequent host effects. As a result, knowledge about microbial metabolites will facilitate selection of next-generation probiotics and therapeutic compounds derived from the mammalian microbiome. In this article we describe prominent examples of microbial metabolites and their effects on microbial communities and the mammalian host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melinda A Engevik
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030 and Department of Pathology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030
| | - James Versalovic
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030 and Department of Pathology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030
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64
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Daba G, Ishibashi N, Zendo T, Sonomoto K. Functional analysis of the biosynthetic gene cluster required for immunity and secretion of a novelLactococcus-specific bacteriocin, lactococcin Z. J Appl Microbiol 2017; 123:1124-1132. [DOI: 10.1111/jam.13564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- G.M. Daba
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology; Faculty of Agriculture; Graduate School; Kyushu University; Fukuoka Japan
| | - N. Ishibashi
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology; Faculty of Agriculture; Graduate School; Kyushu University; Fukuoka Japan
| | - T. Zendo
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology; Faculty of Agriculture; Graduate School; Kyushu University; Fukuoka Japan
| | - K. Sonomoto
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology; Faculty of Agriculture; Graduate School; Kyushu University; Fukuoka Japan
- Department of Functional Metabolic Design; Bio-Architecture Center; Kyushu University; Fukuoka Japan
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65
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Xi Q, Wang J, Du R, Zhao F, Han Y, Zhou Z. Purification and Characterization of Bacteriocin Produced by a Strain of Enterococcus faecalis TG2. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2017; 184:1106-1119. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-017-2614-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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66
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Johnson EM, Jung DYG, Jin DYY, Jayabalan DR, Yang DSH, Suh JW. Bacteriocins as food preservatives: Challenges and emerging horizons. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2017; 58:2743-2767. [PMID: 28880573 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2017.1340870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The increasing demand for fresh-like food products and the potential health hazards of chemically preserved and processed food products have led to the advent of alternative technologies for the preservation and maintenance of the freshness of the food products. One such preservation strategy is the usage of bacteriocins or bacteriocins producing starter cultures for the preservation of the intended food matrixes. Bacteriocins are ribosomally synthesized smaller polypeptide molecules that exert antagonistic activity against closely related and unrelated group of bacteria. This review is aimed at bringing to lime light the various class of bacteriocins mainly from gram positive bacteria. The desirable characteristics of the bacteriocins which earn them a place in food preservation technology, the success story of the same in various food systems, the various challenges and the strategies employed to put them to work efficiently in various food systems has been discussed in this review. From the industrial point of view various aspects like the improvement of the producer strains, downstream processing and purification of the bacteriocins and recent trends in engineered bacteriocins has also been briefly discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eldin Maliyakkal Johnson
- a Centre for Nutraceutical and Pharmaceutical Materials , College of Natural Science , Myongji University , Yongin , Korea.,b Food Microbiology and Bioprocess Laboratory , Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology , Rourkela, Odisha , India
| | - Dr Yong-Gyun Jung
- c Interdisciplinary Program of Biomodulation , College of Natural Science , Myongji University , Yongin , Korea
| | - Dr Ying-Yu Jin
- d Myongji University Bioefficiency Research Centre , College of Natural Science , Myongji University , Yongin , Korea
| | - Dr Rasu Jayabalan
- b Food Microbiology and Bioprocess Laboratory , Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology , Rourkela, Odisha , India
| | - Dr Seung Hwan Yang
- e Department of Biotechnology , Chonnam National University-Yeosu Campus , Yeosu , Korea
| | - Joo Won Suh
- a Centre for Nutraceutical and Pharmaceutical Materials , College of Natural Science , Myongji University , Yongin , Korea.,f Division of Bioscience and Bioinformatics , College of Natural Science, Myongji University , Yongin , Korea
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Ribeiro SC, Ross RP, Stanton C, Silva CCG. Characterization and Application of Antilisterial Enterocins on Model Fresh Cheese. J Food Prot 2017; 80:1303-1316. [PMID: 28703625 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-17-031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Enterococcus faecalis strains isolated from an artisanal cheese were selected based on enterocin production against Listeria monocytogenes. The strains formed biofilms and presented high hydrophobic character and good autoaggregation and coaggregation capacity with L. monocytogenes. Strains L3A21M3 and L3B1K3 presented high survival under gastrointestinal conditions, were able to adhere to human intestinal cells (Caco-2 and HT-29), and blocked the adhesion and invasion of L. monocytogenes. The antilisterial activity of enterocins was not affected by pH (2 to 12), heating (100°C), and chemical and surfactant agents. However, strains L3A21M3 and L3A21M8 produced thermolabile enterocins, which were also sensible to extreme pH values. Enterocins exhibited a bacteriostatic mode of action against L. monocytogenes, and maximum production was observed during the stationary phase. Common enterocin structural genes were not detected by PCR amplification with specific primers, although an exhaustive screening was not performed. The enterocin produced by the L3B1K3 strain was purified and applied to model cheeses contaminated with L. monocytogenes. This enterocin reduced survival of L. monocytogenes on fresh cheeses in a dose-dependent manner. The highest dose tested (2,048 arbitrary units per g of cheese) was effective in reducing the pathogen counts to undetectable values throughout storage (6 to 72 h). These results suggest that these strains have great potential to be used as biopreservatives in the food industry and also as probiotics, with the potential to prevent L. monocytogenes gastrointestinal infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana C Ribeiro
- 1 Instituto de Investigação e Tecnologias Agrárias e do Ambiente (IITAA), Universidade dos Açores, 9700-042 Angra do Heroísmo, Açores, Portugal (ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0870-0071 [C.C.G.S.])
| | - R Paul Ross
- 2 College of Science, Engineering and Food Science, University College Cork, Ireland; and
| | - Catherine Stanton
- 3 Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork, Ireland
| | - Célia C G Silva
- 1 Instituto de Investigação e Tecnologias Agrárias e do Ambiente (IITAA), Universidade dos Açores, 9700-042 Angra do Heroísmo, Açores, Portugal (ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0870-0071 [C.C.G.S.])
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Ribes S, Fuentes A, Talens P, Barat JM. Prevention of fungal spoilage in food products using natural compounds: A review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2017; 58:2002-2016. [PMID: 28394635 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2017.1295017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The kingdom Fungi is the most important group of microorganism contaminating food commodities, and chemical additives are commonly used in the food industry to prevent fungal spoilage. However, the increasing consumer concern about synthetic additives has led to their substitution by natural compounds in foods. The current review provides an overview of using natural agents isolated from different sources (plants, animals, and microorganisms) as promising antifungal compounds, including information about their mechanism of action and their use in foods to preserve and prolong shelf life. Compounds derived from plants, chitosan, lactoferrin, and biocontrol agents (lactic acid bacteria, antagonistic yeast, and their metabolites) are able to control the decay caused by fungi in a wide variety of foods. Several strategies are employed to reduce the drawbacks of some antifungal agents, like their incorporation into oil-in-water emulsions and nanoemulsions, edible films and active packaging, and their combination with other natural preservatives. These strategies facilitate the addition of volatile agents into food products and, improve their antifungal effectiveness. Moreover, biological agents have been investigated as one of the most promising options in the control of postharvest decay. Numerous mechanisms of action have been elucidated and different approaches have been studied to enhance their antifungal effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Ribes
- a Food Technology Department , Universitat Politècnica de València , Valencia , Spain
| | - Ana Fuentes
- a Food Technology Department , Universitat Politècnica de València , Valencia , Spain
| | - Pau Talens
- a Food Technology Department , Universitat Politècnica de València , Valencia , Spain
| | - Jose Manuel Barat
- a Food Technology Department , Universitat Politècnica de València , Valencia , Spain
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Controlled functional expression of the bacteriocins pediocin PA-1 and bactofencin A in Escherichia coli. Sci Rep 2017; 7:3069. [PMID: 28596555 PMCID: PMC5465099 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-02868-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The bacteriocins bactofencin A (class IId) and pediocin PA-1 (class IIa) are encoded by operons with a similarly clustered gene organization including a structural peptide, an immunity protein, an ABC transporter and accessory bacteriocin transporter protein. Cloning of these operons in E. coli TunerTM (DE3) on a pETcoco-2 derived vector resulted in successful secretion of both bacteriocins. A corresponding approach, involving the construction of vectors containing different combinations of these genes, revealed that the structural and the transporter genes alone are sufficient to permit heterologous production and secretion in this host. Even though the accessory protein, usually associated with optimal disulfide bond formation, was not required for bacteriocin synthesis, its presence did result in greater pediocin PA-1 production. The simplicity of the system and the fact that the associated bacteriocins could be recovered from the extracellular medium provides an opportunity to facilitate protein engineering and the overproduction of biologically-active bacteriocins at industrial scale. Additionally, this system could enable the characterization of new bacteriocin operons where genetic tools are not available for the native producers.
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70
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Ovchinnikov KV, Kristiansen PE, Straume D, Jensen MS, Aleksandrzak-Piekarczyk T, Nes IF, Diep DB. The Leaderless Bacteriocin Enterocin K1 Is Highly Potent against Enterococcus faecium: A Study on Structure, Target Spectrum and Receptor. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:774. [PMID: 28515717 PMCID: PMC5413573 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.00774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Enterocin K1 (EntK1), enterocin EJ97 (EntEJ97), and LsbB are three sequence related leaderless bacteriocins. Yet LsbB kills only lactococci while EntK1 and EntEJ97 target wider spectra with EntK1 being particularly active against Enterococcus faecium, including nosocomial multidrug resistant isolates. NMR study of EntK1 showed that it had a structure very similar to LsbB – both having an amphiphilic N-terminal α-helix and an unstructured C-terminus. The α-helix in EntK1 is, however, about 3–4 residues longer than that of LsbB. Enterococcal mutants highly resistant to EntEJ97 and EntK1 were found to have mutations within rseP, a gene encoding a stress response membrane-bound Zn-dependent protease. Heterologous expression of the enterococcal rseP rendered resistant cells of Streptococcus pneumoniae sensitive to EntK1 and EntEJ97, suggesting that RseP likely serves as the receptor for EntK1 and EntEJ97. It was also shown that the conserved proteolytic active site in E. faecalis RseP is partly required for EntK1 and EntEJ97 activity, since alanine substitutions of its conserved residues (HExxH) reduced the sensitivity of the clones to the bacteriocins. RseP is known to be involved in bacterial stress response. As expected, the growth of resistant mutants with mutations within rseP was severely affected when they were exposed to higher (stressing) growth temperatures, e.g., at 45°C, at which wild type cells still grew well. These findings allow us to design a hurdle strategy with a combination of the bacteriocin(s) and higher temperature that effectively kills bacteriocin sensitive bacteria and prevents the development of resistant cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirill V Ovchinnikov
- Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life SciencesÅs, Norway
| | | | - Daniel Straume
- Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life SciencesÅs, Norway
| | - Marianne S Jensen
- Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life SciencesÅs, Norway
| | | | - Ingolf F Nes
- Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life SciencesÅs, Norway
| | - Dzung B Diep
- Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life SciencesÅs, Norway
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71
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Perumal V, Venkatesan A. Antimicrobial, cytotoxic effect and purification of bacteriocin from vancomycin susceptible Enterococcus faecalis and its safety evaluation for probiotization. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2016.12.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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72
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Pediococcus spp.: An important genus of lactic acid bacteria and pediocin producers. Biotechnol Adv 2017; 35:361-374. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2017.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Revised: 02/19/2017] [Accepted: 03/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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73
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Halocin C8: an antimicrobial peptide distributed among four halophilic archaeal genera: Natrinema, Haloterrigena, Haloferax, and Halobacterium. Extremophiles 2017; 21:623-638. [DOI: 10.1007/s00792-017-0931-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Monedero V, Revilla-Guarinos A, Zúñiga M. Physiological Role of Two-Component Signal Transduction Systems in Food-Associated Lactic Acid Bacteria. ADVANCES IN APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2017; 99:1-51. [PMID: 28438266 DOI: 10.1016/bs.aambs.2016.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Two-component systems (TCSs) are widespread signal transduction pathways mainly found in bacteria where they play a major role in adaptation to changing environmental conditions. TCSs generally consist of sensor histidine kinases that autophosphorylate in response to a specific stimulus and subsequently transfer the phosphate group to their cognate response regulators thus modulating their activity, usually as transcriptional regulators. In this review we present the current knowledge on the physiological role of TCSs in species of the families Lactobacillaceae and Leuconostocaceae of the group of lactic acid bacteria (LAB). LAB are microorganisms of great relevance for health and food production as the group spans from starter organisms to pathogens. Whereas the role of TCSs in pathogenic LAB (most of them belonging to the family Streptococcaceae) has focused the attention, the roles of TCSs in commensal LAB, such as most species of Lactobacillaceae and Leuconostocaceae, have been somewhat neglected. However, evidence available indicates that TCSs are key players in the regulation of the physiology of these bacteria. The first studies in food-associated LAB showed the involvement of some TCSs in quorum sensing and production of bacteriocins, but subsequent studies have shown that TCSs participate in other physiological processes, such as stress response, regulation of nitrogen metabolism, regulation of malate metabolism, and resistance to antimicrobial peptides, among others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicente Monedero
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (CSIC), Paterna, Spain
| | | | - Manuel Zúñiga
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (CSIC), Paterna, Spain
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75
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Ahmad V, Khan MS, Jamal QMS, Alzohairy MA, Al Karaawi MA, Siddiqui MU. Antimicrobial potential of bacteriocins: in therapy, agriculture and food preservation. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2017; 49:1-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2016.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Revised: 07/10/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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76
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Ribeiro SC, O'Connor PM, Ross RP, Stanton C, Silva CC. An anti-listerial Lactococcus lactis strain isolated from Azorean Pico cheese produces lacticin 481. Int Dairy J 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2016.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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77
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Ruiz-Rodríguez L, Bleckwedel J, Eugenia Ortiz M, Pescuma M, Mozzi F. Lactic Acid Bacteria. Ind Biotechnol (New Rochelle N Y) 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/9783527807796.ch11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Ruiz-Rodríguez
- Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (CERELA)-CONICET; Chacabuco 145. San Miguel de Tucumán 4000 Argentina
| | - Juliana Bleckwedel
- Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (CERELA)-CONICET; Chacabuco 145. San Miguel de Tucumán 4000 Argentina
| | - Maria Eugenia Ortiz
- Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (CERELA)-CONICET; Chacabuco 145. San Miguel de Tucumán 4000 Argentina
| | - Micaela Pescuma
- Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (CERELA)-CONICET; Chacabuco 145. San Miguel de Tucumán 4000 Argentina
| | - Fernanda Mozzi
- Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (CERELA)-CONICET; Chacabuco 145. San Miguel de Tucumán 4000 Argentina
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78
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Cintas LM, Casaus MP, Herranz C, Nes IF, Hernández PE. Review: Bacteriocins of Lactic Acid Bacteria. FOOD SCI TECHNOL INT 2016. [DOI: 10.1106/r8de-p6hu-clxp-5ryt] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
During the last few years, a large number of new bacteriocins produced by lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have been identified and characterized. LAB-bacteriocins comprise a heterogeneous group of physicochemically diverse ribosomally-synthesized peptides or proteins showing a narrow or broad antimicrobial activity spectrum against Gram-positive bacteria. Bacteriocins are classified into separate groups such as the lantibiotics (Class I); the small (<10 kDa) heat-stable postranslationally unmodified non-lantibiotics (Class II), further subdivided in the pediocin-like and anti Listeria bacteriocins (subclass IIa), the two-peptide bacteriocins (subclass IIb), and the sec-dependent bacteriocins (subclass IIc); and the large (>30 kDa) heat-labile non-lantibiotics (Class III). Most bacteriocins characterized to date belong to Class II and are synthesized as precursor peptides (preprobacteriocins) containing an N-terminal double-glycine leader peptide, which is cleaved off concomitantly with externalization of biologically active bacteriocins by a dedicated ABC-transporter and its accessory protein. However, the recently identified sec-dependent bacteriocins contain an N-terminal signal peptide that directs bacteriocin secretion through the general secretory pathway (GSP). Most LAB-bacteriocins act on sensitive cells by destabilization and permeabilization of the cytoplasmic membrane through the formation of transitory poration complexes or ionic channels that cause the reduction or dissipation of the proton motive force (PMF). Bacteriocin producing LAB strains protect themselves against the toxicity of their own bacteriocins by the expression of a specific immunity protein which is generally encoded in the bacteriocin operon. Bacteriocin production in LAB is frequently regulated by a three-component signal transduction system consisting of an induction factor (IF), and histidine protein kinase (HPK) and a response regulator (RR). This paper presents an updated review on the general knowledge about physicochemical properties, molecular mode of action, biosynthesis, regulation and genetics of LAB-bacteriocins.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. M. Cintas
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bromatología III (Higiene y Tecnología de los Alimentos), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - M. P. Casaus
- Carrefour, Departamento de Marcas Propias, Área de Calidad, Campezo 16, 28022 Madrid
| | - C. Herranz
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bromatología III (Higiene y Tecnología de los Alimentos), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - I. F. Nes
- Laboratory of Microbial Gene Technology, Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Norway, P.O. Box 5051, N-1432 Ås, Norway
| | - P. E. Hernández
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bromatología III (Higiene y Tecnología de los Alimentos), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Aymerich M, Hugas M, Monfort J. Review : Bacteriocinogenic lactic acid bacteria associated with meat products / Revisión: Bacterias lácticas productoras de bacteriocinas asociadas a productos cárnicos. FOOD SCI TECHNOL INT 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/108201329800400301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Meat consumption is of great economical importance. Several lactic acid bacteria associated with meat products are important natural bacteriocin producers. Bacteriocins are proteinaceous antag onistic substances considered to be important in the control of spoilage and pathogenic microor ganisms. This review aims to present the current state of the art in terms of bacteriocinogenic lactic acid bacteria associated with fresh and fermented meat products, describe the biochemical and genetic characteristics of their bacteriocins and the potential use of bacteriocins production of meat products.
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Affiliation(s)
- M.T. Aymerich
- Meat Technology Center-IRTA. Granja Camps i Armet. 17121 Monells. Girona, Spain
| | - M. Hugas
- Meat Technology Center-IRTA. Granja Camps i Armet. 17121 Monells. Girona, Spain
| | - J.M. Monfort
- Meat Technology Center-IRTA. Granja Camps i Armet. 17121 Monells. Girona, Spain
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Therdtatha P, Tandumrongpong C, Pilasombut K, Matsusaki H, Keawsompong S, Nitisinprasert S. Characterization of antimicrobial substance from Lactobacillus salivarius KL-D4 and its application as biopreservative for creamy filling. SPRINGERPLUS 2016; 5:1060. [PMID: 27462508 PMCID: PMC4942445 DOI: 10.1186/s40064-016-2693-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Accepted: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Lactobacillus salivarius KL-D4 isolated from duck intestine produced bacteriocin which was stable at high temperature and a wide pH range of 3-10. Its cell free supernatant at pH 5.5 exhibited wide inhibitory spectrum against both G+ and G- bacteria. The highest bacteriocin production was obtained in MRS broth supplemented with 0.5 % (w/v) CaCO3 at 6 h by gentle shaking. PCR walking using specific primers at the conserved region of class-II bacteriocin resulted in 4 known genes of kld1, kld2, kld3 and kld4 with 100 % similarity to genes encoding for salivaricin α, β, induction peptide and histidine protein kinase of Lb. salivarius GJ-24 which did not previously report for bacteriocin characterization, while showing 94, 93, 59 and 62 % to other salivaricin gene cluster, respectively. The high activities of 25,600 AU/ml indicated a strong induction peptide expressed by kld3 which has low similarity to previous inducer reported. Based on operon analysis, only kld1, kld3 and kld4 could be expressed and subsequently elucidated that only salivaricin α like bacteriocin was produced and secreted out of the cells. Using protein purification, only a single peptide band obtained showed that this strain produced one bacteriocin which could be salivaricin α namely salivaricin KLD showing about 4.3 kDa on SDS-PAGE. Partial purification by 20 % ammonium sulfate precipitation of the product was tested on the artificial contamination of creamy filling by Bacillus cereus, Enterococcus faecalis, Pseudomonas stutzeri, Staphylococcus sp. and Stenotrophomonas sp. resulting the growth inhibitory efficiency of 4.45-66.9, 11.5-100, 100, 0-28.1 and 5-100 % respectively. Therefore, salivaricin KLD can be a tentative biopreservative for food industry in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phatthanaphong Therdtatha
- />Specialized Research Unit, Probiotics and Prebiotics for Health, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900 Thailand
- />Center for Advanced Studies for Agriculture and Food (CASAF), Kasetsart University Institute for Advanced Studies (NRU-KU), Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900 Thailand
| | - Chanabhorn Tandumrongpong
- />Specialized Research Unit, Probiotics and Prebiotics for Health, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900 Thailand
| | - Komkhae Pilasombut
- />Division of Animal Production Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok, 10520 Thailand
| | - Hiromi Matsusaki
- />Department of Food and Health Sciences, Faculty of Environmental and Symbiotic Sciences, Prefectural University of Kumamoto, Kumamoto, 862-8502 Japan
| | - Suttipun Keawsompong
- />Specialized Research Unit, Probiotics and Prebiotics for Health, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900 Thailand
- />Center for Advanced Studies for Agriculture and Food (CASAF), Kasetsart University Institute for Advanced Studies (NRU-KU), Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900 Thailand
| | - Sunee Nitisinprasert
- />Specialized Research Unit, Probiotics and Prebiotics for Health, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900 Thailand
- />Center for Advanced Studies for Agriculture and Food (CASAF), Kasetsart University Institute for Advanced Studies (NRU-KU), Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900 Thailand
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81
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Maldonado-Barragán A, Caballero-Guerrero B, Martín V, Ruiz-Barba JL, Rodríguez JM. Purification and genetic characterization of gassericin E, a novel co-culture inducible bacteriocin from Lactobacillus gasseri EV1461 isolated from the vagina of a healthy woman. BMC Microbiol 2016; 16:37. [PMID: 26969428 PMCID: PMC4788914 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-016-0663-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Accepted: 03/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lactobacillus gasseri is one of the dominant Lactobacillus species in the vaginal ecosystem. Some strains of this species have a high potential for being used as probiotics in order to maintain vaginal homeostasis, since they may confer colonization resistance against pathogens in the vagina by direct inhibition through production of antimicrobial compounds, as bacteriocins. In this work we have studied bacteriocin production of gassericin E (GasE), a novel bacteriocin produced by L. gasseri EV1461, a strain isolated from the vagina of a healthy woman, and whose production was shown to be promoted by the presence of certain specific bacteria in co-culture. Biochemical and genetic characterization of this novel bacteriocin are addressed. RESULTS We found that the inhibitory spectrum of L. gasseri EV1461 was broad, being directed to species both related and non-related to the producing strain. Interestingly, L. gasseri EV1461 inhibited the grown of pathogens usually associated with bacterial vaginosis (BV). The antimicrobial activity was due to the production of a novel bacteriocin, gassericin E (GasE). Production of this bacteriocin in broth medium only was achieved at high cell densities. At low cell densities, bacteriocin production ceased and only was restored after the addition of a supernatant from a previous bacteriocin-producing EV1461 culture (autoinduction), or through co-cultivation with several other Gram-positive strains (inducing bacteria). DNA sequence of the GasE locus revealed the presence of two putative operons which could be involved in biosynthesis and immunity of this bacteriocin (gaeAXI), and in regulation, transport and processing (gaePKRTC). The gaePKR encodes a putative three-component regulatory system, involving an autoinducer peptide (GaeP), a histidine protein kinase (GaeK) and a response regulator (GaeR), while the gaeTC encodes for an ABC transporter (GaeT) and their accessory protein (GaeC), involved in transport and processing of the bacteriocin. The gaeAXI, encodes for the bacteriocin gassericin E (GasE), a putative peptide bacteriocin (GaeX), and their immunity protein (GaeI). CONCLUSIONS The origin of the strain (vagina of healthy woman) and its ability to produce bacteriocins with inhibitory activity against vaginal pathogens may be an advantage for using L. gasseri EV1461 as a probiotic strain to fight and/or prevent bacterial infections as bacterial vaginosis (BV), since it could be better adapted to live and compete into the vaginal environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Maldonado-Barragán
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Instituto de la Grasa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Sevilla, Spain. .,Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Food Technology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain. .,Present address: Department of Food Biotechnology, Instituto de la Grasa (CSIC), Campus Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Edificio 46. Carretera de Utrera, Km 1, 41013, Seville, Spain.
| | - Belén Caballero-Guerrero
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Instituto de la Grasa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Sevilla, Spain
| | - Virginia Martín
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Food Technology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Luis Ruiz-Barba
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Instituto de la Grasa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Sevilla, Spain
| | - Juan Miguel Rodríguez
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Food Technology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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82
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Baffoni L, Gaggìa F, Alberoni D, Cabbri R, Nanetti A, Biavati B, Di Gioia D. Effect of dietary supplementation of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus strains in Apis mellifera L. against Nosema ceranae. Benef Microbes 2016; 7:45-51. [DOI: 10.3920/bm2015.0085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Nosema ceranae is a widespread microsporidium of European honeybee Apis mellifera L. affecting bee health. The ban of Fumagillin-B (dicyclohexylammonium salt) in the European Union has driven the search for sustainable strategies to prevent and control the infection. The gut microbial symbionts, associated to the intestinal system of vertebrates and invertebrates and its impact on host health, are receiving increasing attention. In particular, bifidobacteria and lactobacilli, which are normal inhabitants of the digestive system of bees, are known to protect their hosts via antimicrobial metabolites, immunomodulation and competition. In this work, the dietary supplementation of gut bacteria was evaluated under laboratory conditions in bees artificially infected with the parasite and bees not artificially infected but evidencing a low natural infection. Supplemented bacteria were selected among bifidobacteria, previously isolated, and lactobacilli, isolated in this work from healthy honeybee gut. Four treatments were compared: bees fed with sugar syrup (CTR); bees fed with sugar syrup containing bifidobacteria and lactobacilli (PRO); bees infected with N. ceranae spores and fed with sugar syrup (NOS); bees infected with N. ceranae and fed with sugar syrup containing bifidobacteria and lactobacilli (NP). The sugar syrup, with or without microorganisms, was administered to bees from the first day of life for 13 days. N. ceranae infection was carried out individually on anesthetised 5-day-old bees. Eight days after infection, a significant (P<0.05) lower level of N. ceranae was detected by real-time PCR in both NP and PRO group, showing a positive effect of supplemented microorganisms in controlling the infection. These results represent a first attempt of application of bifidobacteria and lactobacilli against N. ceranae in honeybees.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. Baffoni
- Department of Agricultural Science, University of Bologna, Viale Fanin 44, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - F. Gaggìa
- Department of Agricultural Science, University of Bologna, Viale Fanin 44, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - D. Alberoni
- Department of Agricultural Science, University of Bologna, Viale Fanin 44, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - R. Cabbri
- Consiglio per la Ricerca e la sperimentazione in Agricultura, Unità di ricerca di apicoltura e bachicoltura, CRA-API, Via di Saliceto 80, 40128 Bologna, Italy
| | - A. Nanetti
- Consiglio per la Ricerca e la sperimentazione in Agricultura, Unità di ricerca di apicoltura e bachicoltura, CRA-API, Via di Saliceto 80, 40128 Bologna, Italy
| | - B. Biavati
- Department of Agricultural Science, University of Bologna, Viale Fanin 44, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - D. Di Gioia
- Department of Agricultural Science, University of Bologna, Viale Fanin 44, 40127 Bologna, Italy
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83
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Zorič Peternel M, Čanžek Majhenič A, Holo H, Nes IF, Salehian Z, Berlec A, Rogelj I. Wide-Inhibitory Spectra Bacteriocins Produced by Lactobacillus gasseri K7. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2016; 2:233-40. [PMID: 26781318 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-010-9044-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The aim of our study was to determine the genetic characterization and classification of Lb. gasseri K7 bacteriocins, comparison with bacteriocins of the Lb. gasseri LF221 strain and other related strains. Bacteriocin-encoding genes were amplified by PCR, subjected to DNA sequencing, and BLAST sequence analysis was performed to search the database for homologous peptides. Lb. gasseri K7 produces two two-peptide bacteriocins, named gassericin K7 A and gassericin K7 B. Their nucleotide sequences were deposited at GenBank, under accession numbers EF392861 for the gassericin K7 A and AY307382 for the gassericin K7 B. Analysis of gene clusters of bacteriocins in Lb. gasseri K7 strain revealed a 100 percent sequence identity with bacteriocins in LF221 strain. An active peptide of gassericin K7 B is homologous to the complementary peptide of gassericin T, and a complementary peptide of gassericin K7 B is homologous to the active peptide of gassericin T. Another surprising finding was that the sakacin T-beta peptide is partly homologous to the active peptide of gassericin K7 A, while the other sakacin T peptide (alfa) is partly homologous to the complementary peptide of gassericin K7 B. Gassericins of Lb. gasseri K7 strain were both classified as two-peptide bacteriocins. Human probiotic strains Lb. gasseri K7 and LF221 are different isolates but with identical bacteriocin genes. They produce wide-inhibitory spectra bacteriocins that are new members of two-peptide bacteriocins with some homologies to other bacteriocins in this group. Described bacteriocins offer a great potential in applications in food industry, pharmacy and biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Metoda Zorič Peternel
- Chair of Dairy Science, Zootechnical Department, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Andreja Čanžek Majhenič
- Chair of Dairy Science, Zootechnical Department, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Helge Holo
- Laboratory of Microbial Gene Technology, Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Science, Ås, Norway
| | - Ingolf F Nes
- Laboratory of Microbial Gene Technology, Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Science, Ås, Norway
| | - Zhian Salehian
- Laboratory of Microbial Gene Technology, Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Science, Ås, Norway
| | - Aleš Berlec
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Biochemistry, Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Irena Rogelj
- Chair of Dairy Science, Zootechnical Department, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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84
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Bacteriocin-Producing Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated from Mangrove Forests in Southern Thailand as Potential Bio-Control Agents: Purification and Characterization of Bacteriocin Produced by Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis KT2W2L. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2016; 5:264-78. [PMID: 26783072 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-013-9150-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to purify and characterize the bacteriocin produced by Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis KT2W2L previously isolated from mangrove forests in southern Thailand, in order to evaluate its potential as new food protective agent. The active peptide from the cell-free supernatant of this strain was purified in 4 steps: (1) precipitation with 70 % saturated ammonium sulfate, (2) elution on a reversed-phase cartridge using different concentrations of acetonitrile, (3) cation-exchange chromatography and (4) final purification by reversed-phase HPLC on a C8 column. The molecular mass of 3,329.5254 Da of the purified bacteriocin, determined by mass spectrometry, is nearly identical to that of peptide nisin Z. The activity of the purified bacteriocin was unaffected by pH (2.0-10.0), thermostable but was sensitive to proteolytic enzymes. The bacteriocin activity was stable after 8 weeks of storage at -20 °C and 7 weeks of storage at 4 °C, but decreased after 3 weeks of storage at 37 °C. It was stable when incubated for 1 month at 4 °C in 0-30 % NaCl. Inhibitory spectrum of this bacteriocin showed a wide range of activity against similar bacterial strains, food-spoilage and food-borne pathogens. L. lactis subsp. lactis KT2W2L was sensitive to kanamycin, penicillin and tetracycline but resistant to ampicillin, gentamicin and vancomycin. The fragment obtained after amplification of genomic DNA from L. lactis subsp. lactis KT2W2L, with specific primers for bacteriocin genes, presented 99 % homology to the nisin Z gene. PCR amplification demonstrated that L. lactis subsp. lactis KT2W2L does not harbor virulence genes cylA, cylB, efaAfs and esp. The bacteriocin and its producing strain may find application as bio-preservatives for reduction in food-spoilage and food-borne pathogens in food products.
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85
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de Mello MB, da Silva Malheiros P, Brandelli A, Pesce da Silveira N, Jantzen MM, de Souza da Motta A. Characterization and Antilisterial Effect of Phosphatidylcholine Nanovesicles Containing the Antimicrobial Peptide Pediocin. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2016; 5:43-50. [PMID: 26782604 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-013-9125-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Encapsulation may provide increased stability and antimicrobial efficiency to bacteriocins. In this work, the antilisterial peptide pediocin was encapsulated in nanovesicles prepared from partially purified soybean phosphatidylcholine. The maintenance of antimicrobial activity and properties of free and encapsulated pediocin was observed during 13 days at 4 °C, and after this period, the encapsulated pediocin retained 50 % its initial activity. The maintenance of the bioactive properties of free and encapsulated pediocin was observed against different species of Listeria, inhibiting Listeria monocytogenes, Listeria innocua and Listeria ivanovii. The size of vesicles containing pediocin was determined by dynamic light scattering as an average of 190 nm, with little change throughout the observation period. Polydispersity index values were around 0.201 and are considered satisfactory, indicating an adequate size distribution of liposomes. The efficiency of encapsulation was 80 %. Considering these results, the protocol used was appropriate for the encapsulation of this bacteriocin. Results demonstrate the production of stable nanoparticulate material. The maintenance of the properties of pediocin encapsulated in liposomes is fundamental to prospect the stability in different conditions of the food matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Brauner de Mello
- Laboratório de Inspeção de Produtos de Origem Animal, Departamento de Veterinária Preventiva, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Patrícia da Silva Malheiros
- Laboratório de Microbiologia e Bioquímica Aplicada, Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Adriano Brandelli
- Laboratório de Microbiologia e Bioquímica Aplicada, Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Nádya Pesce da Silveira
- Laboratório de Instrumentação e Dinâmica Molecular, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Márcia Monks Jantzen
- Inspeção e Tecnologia de Leite e Derivados, Ovos e Mel. Departamento de Veterinária Preventiva, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Amanda de Souza da Motta
- Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Sarmento Leite 500, sala 158, 90050-170, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
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86
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Liu H, Zhang L, Yi H, Han X, Gao W, Chi C, Song W, Li H, Liu C. A novel enterocin T1 with anti-Pseudomonas activity produced by Enterococcus faecium T1 from Chinese Tibet cheese. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 32:21. [PMID: 26745981 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-015-1973-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Accepted: 10/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
An enterocin-producing Enterococcus faecium T1 was isolated from Chinese Tibet cheese. The enterocin was purified by SP-Sepharose and reversed phase HPLC. It was identified as unique from other reported bacteriocins based on molecular weight (4629 Da) and amino acid compositions; therefore it was subsequently named enterocin T1. Enterocin T1 was stable at 80-100 °C and over a wide pH range, pH 3.0-10.0. Protease sensitivity was observed to trypsin, pepsin, papain, proteinase K, and pronase E. Importantly, enterocin T1 was observed to inhibit the growth of numerous Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria including Pseudomonas putida, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium, Shigella flexneri, Shigella sonnei, Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogenes. Take together, these results suggest that enterocin T1 is a novel bacteriocin with the potential to be used as a bio-preservative to control Pseudomonas spp. in food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Lanwei Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Huaxi Yi
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Xue Han
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Wei Gao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Chunliang Chi
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Wei Song
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Haiying Li
- College of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150070, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Chunguang Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150070, Heilongjiang, China
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87
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Hata T, Sato T, Morimitsu Y. Genetic Characterization of Enterococcus Faecalis
N1-33 Bacteriocin and Obtained of the Mutant Strain that Produce Many Bacteriocin by Novobiocin Agent Effect, its Merit as A Food Preservative in Steamed Rice Model. J Food Saf 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/jfs.12250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomomi Hata
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, The Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences; Ochanomizu University; Bunkyo-ku Tokyo Japan
- Asama Chemical Co., Ltd., 20-3 Kodenmacho, Nihonbashi; Chuo-ku Tokyo Japan
| | - Toyoki Sato
- Asama Chemical Co., Ltd., 20-3 Kodenmacho, Nihonbashi; Chuo-ku Tokyo Japan
| | - Yasujiro Morimitsu
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, The Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences; Ochanomizu University; Bunkyo-ku Tokyo Japan
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88
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Synergistic antimicrobial action and potential application for fish preservation of a bacteriocin produced by Enterococcus mundtii isolated from Odontesthes platensis. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2015.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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89
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Ishibashi N, Shigeri Y, Sonomoto K, Zendo T, Koga S. Molecular characterization of the genes involved in the secretion and immunity of lactococcin Q, a two-peptide bacteriocin produced by Lactococcus lactis QU 4. Microbiology (Reading) 2015; 161:2069-78. [DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.000157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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90
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Javaherzadeh V, Jamshidian M, Zahraei M, Youseftabar A, Milani M, Hassan M, Lotfipour F. Evaluation of Bacteriocin Activities among Enterococcal Poultry Isolates from East Azarbaijan Iran. PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 2015. [DOI: 10.15171/ps.2015.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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91
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Advances and needs for endotoxin-free production strains. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 99:9349-60. [PMID: 26362682 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-015-6947-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2015] [Revised: 08/16/2015] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The choice of an appropriate microbial host cell and suitable production conditions is crucial for the downstream processing of pharmaceutical- and food-grade products. Although Escherichia coli serves as a highly valuable leading platform for the production of value-added products, like most Gram-negative bacteria, this bacterium contains a potent immunostimulatory lipopolysaccharide (LPS), referred to as an endotoxin. In contrast, Gram-positive bacteria, notably Bacillus, lactic acid bacteria (LAB), Corynebacterium, and yeasts have been extensively used as generally recognized as safe (GRAS) endotoxin-free platforms for the production of a variety of products. This review summarizes the currently available knowledge on the utilization of these representative Gram-positive bacteria for the production of eco- and bio-friendly products, particularly natural polyesters, polyhydroxyalkanoates, bacteriocins, and membrane proteins. The successful case studies presented here serve to inspire the use of these microorganisms as a main-player or by-player depending on their individual properties for the industrial production of these desirable targets.
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92
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Bacteriocin-producing Enterococcus faecalis KT2W2G isolated from mangrove forests in southern Thailand: Purification, characterization and safety evaluation. Food Control 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2014.12.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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93
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Pal G, Srivastava S. In vitro activity of a recombinant ABC transporter protein in the processing of plantaricin E pre-peptide. Arch Microbiol 2015; 197:843-9. [PMID: 26018217 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-015-1120-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2014] [Revised: 05/16/2015] [Accepted: 05/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Most bacteriocins of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are initially synthesized as pre-peptides with an N-terminal extension (leader peptides). Generally, the precursor peptides containing a double-glycine-type leader are processed by a dedicated ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter. The ABC transporter and an accessory protein lead to the cleavage of inactive pre-peptide with the concomitant export of the mature peptide across the cytoplasmic membrane. Plantaricins E, F, J, and K belong to class IIb 2-peptide bacteriocins and are synthesized as pre-peptides containing N-terminal G-G leader peptide. In this study, the heterologous expression, purification, and characterization of PlnE pre-peptide, ABC transporter (PlnG), and accessory protein (PlnH) from Lactobacillus plantarum LR/14 in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) strain were reported. An in vitro assay was conducted with the inactive PlnE pre-peptide, which after cleavage by the addition of ABC transporter protein exhibited antimicrobial activity against some LAB species. The activity of cleaved pre-peptide was comparable to the activity of mature peptide. Accessory protein was also heterologously expressed and purified; however, no effect on processing activity was detected by the addition of the accessory protein, which suggests that accessory protein is not involved in cleavage, but it might help in the transport of mature plantaricins across the membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gargi Pal
- Department of Genetics, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, 110021, India
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94
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Behnam S, Anvari M, Rezaei M, Soltanian S, Safari R. Effect of nisin as a biopreservative agent on quality and shelf life of vacuum packaged rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) stored at 4 °C. JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2015; 52:2184-92. [PMID: 25829599 PMCID: PMC4375236 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-013-1241-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 11/03/2013] [Accepted: 12/16/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Effect of nisin on biochemical and microbial quality and shelf life of vacuum packaged rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) during 16 days storage at 4 °C was investigated. According to the obtained results, nisin treated fish showed lower (p < 0.05) and acceptable biochemical (Peroxide value, thiobarbituric acid-index, pH, and total volatile base nitrogen) and bacteriological (total viable counts, psychrotrophic viable counts, and lactic acid bacteria) attributes up to 16 days storage at 4 °C compared with those treated without nisin. Furthermore, FAs composition analysis indicated that presence of the nisin preserved nutritional quality of fish lipid, so that nisin treated samples contained higher percentage (p > 0.05) of essential FAs such as eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid. This study concluded that treatment of the vacuum packaged rainbow trout with nisin resulted in improvement of quality and extension of shelf life of the fish from 12 to 16 days at 4 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shabnam Behnam
- />Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Fisheries and Natural Resources, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Mazandaran Iran
| | - Mohammad Anvari
- />Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Fisheries and Natural Resources, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Mazandaran Iran
| | - Masoud Rezaei
- />Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Fisheries and Natural Resources, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Mazandaran Iran
| | - Siyavash Soltanian
- />Aquatic Animal Health Diseases Department, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Reza Safari
- />Caspian Sea Ecology Research Institute, Sari, 4847153948 Iran
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95
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Bertin MJ, Schwartz SL, Lee J, Korobeynikov A, Dorrestein PC, Gerwick L, Gerwick WH. Spongosine production by a Vibrio harveyi strain associated with the sponge Tectitethya crypta. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2015; 78:493-9. [PMID: 25668560 PMCID: PMC5065018 DOI: 10.1021/np5009762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Spongosine (1), deoxyspongosine (2), spongothymidine (Ara T) (3), and spongouridine (Ara U) were isolated from the Caribbean sponge Tectitethya crypta and given the general name "spongonucleosides". Spongosine, a methoxyadenosine derivative, has demonstrated a diverse bioactivity profile including anti-inflammatory activity and analgesic and vasodilation properties. Investigations into unusual nucleoside production by T. crypta-associated microorganisms using mass spectrometric techniques have identified a spongosine-producing strain of Vibrio harveyi and several structurally related compounds from multiple strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J. Bertin
- Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California–San Diego, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Sarah L. Schwartz
- Environmental Systems Program, University of California–San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - John Lee
- Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California–San Diego, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
- Chemistry & Biochemistry Program, University of California–San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Anton Korobeynikov
- Department of Statistical Modeling, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
- Algorithmic Biology Laboratory, St. Petersburg Academic University, St. Petersburg, Russia
- The Center for Algorithmic Biotechnology, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Pieter C. Dorrestein
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California–San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Lena Gerwick
- Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California–San Diego, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - William H. Gerwick
- Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California–San Diego, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California–San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
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96
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The fsr Quorum-Sensing System and Cognate Gelatinase Orchestrate the Expression and Processing of Proprotein EF_1097 into the Mature Antimicrobial Peptide Enterocin O16. J Bacteriol 2015; 197:2112-2121. [PMID: 25733609 DOI: 10.1128/jb.02513-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2014] [Accepted: 02/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED A novel antimicrobial peptide designated enterocin O16 was purified from Enterococcus faecalis. Mass spectrometry showed a monoisotopic mass of 7,231 Da, and N-terminal Edman degradation identified a 29-amino-acid sequence corresponding to residues 90 to 119 of the EF_1097 protein. Bioinformatic analysis showed that enterocin O16 is composed of the 68 most C-terminal residues of the EF_1097 protein. Introduction of an in-frame isogenic deletion in the ef1097 gene abolished the production of enterocin O16. Enterocin O16 has a narrow inhibitory spectrum, as it inhibits mostly lactobacilli. Apparently, E. faecalis is intrinsically resistant to the antimicrobial peptide, as no immunity connected to the production of enterocin O16 could be identified. ef1097 has previously been identified as one of three loci regulated by the fsr quorum-sensing system. The introduction of a nonsense mutation into fsrB consistently impaired enterocin O16 production, but externally added gelatinase biosynthesis-activating pheromone restored the antimicrobial activity. Functional genetic analysis showed that the EF_1097 proprotein is processed extracellularly into enterocin O16 by the metalloprotease GelE. Thus, it is evident that the fsr quorum-sensing system constitutes the regulatory unit that controls the expression of the EF_1097 precursor protein and the protease GelE and that the latter is required for the formation of enterocin O16. On the basis of these results, this study identified antibacterial antagonism as a novel aspect related to the function of fsr and provides a rationale for why ef1097 is part of the fsr regulon. IMPORTANCE The fsr quorum-sensing system modulates important physiological functions in E. faecalis via the activity of GelE. The present study presents a new facet of fsr signaling. The system controls the expression of three primary target operons (fsrABCD, gelE-sprE, and ef1097-ef1097b). We demonstrate that the concerted expression of these operons constitutes the elements necessary for the production of a bacteriocin-type peptide and that antimicrobial antagonism is an intrinsic function of fsr. The bacteriocin enterocin O16 consists of the 68 most C-terminal residues of the EF_1097 secreted proprotein. The GelE protease processes the EF_1097 proprotein into enterocin O16. In this manner, fsr signaling enables E. faecalis populations to express antimicrobial activity in a cell density-dependent manner.
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Zhou H, Hu Y, Jiang L, Zhou H, Ma J, Liu C. Antilisterial Activity of Bacteriocin HY07 fromEnterococcus faeciumHY07 Isolated from Chinese Sausages. FOOD BIOTECHNOL 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/08905436.2014.996893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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98
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Partial characteristics and antimicrobial mode of pediocin produced by Pediococcus acidilactici PA003. ANN MICROBIOL 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s13213-014-1014-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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99
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Gaaloul N, ben Braiek O, Hani K, Volski A, Chikindas M, Ghrairi T. Isolation and characterization of large spectrum and multiple bacteriocin-producing Enterococcus faecium
strain from raw bovine milk. J Appl Microbiol 2014; 118:343-55. [DOI: 10.1111/jam.12699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2014] [Revised: 11/02/2014] [Accepted: 11/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N. Gaaloul
- UR12-ES03 Department of Biochemistry; Faculty of Medicine of Sousse; University of Sousse; Sousse Tunisia
| | - O. ben Braiek
- UR12-ES03 Department of Biochemistry; Faculty of Medicine of Sousse; University of Sousse; Sousse Tunisia
| | - K. Hani
- UR12-ES03 Department of Biochemistry; Faculty of Medicine of Sousse; University of Sousse; Sousse Tunisia
| | - A. Volski
- School of Arts and Science; Rutgers State University; New Brunswick NJ USA
| | - M.L. Chikindas
- School of Environmental and Biological Sciences; Rutgers State University; New Brunswick NJ USA
| | - T. Ghrairi
- UR12-ES03 Department of Biochemistry; Faculty of Medicine of Sousse; University of Sousse; Sousse Tunisia
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Vallejo M, Ledesma P, Anselmino L, Marguet E. Efecto de las condiciones de crecimiento y composición del medio de cultivo sobre la producción de bacteriocina de Enterococcus mundtii Tw56. REVISTA COLOMBIANA DE BIOTECNOLOGÍA 2014. [DOI: 10.15446/rev.colomb.biote.v16n2.47238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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