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Nge PN, Rogers CI, Woolley AT. Advances in microfluidic materials, functions, integration, and applications. Chem Rev 2013; 113:2550-83. [PMID: 23410114 PMCID: PMC3624029 DOI: 10.1021/cr300337x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 519] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pamela N. Nge
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602
| | - Chad I. Rogers
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602
| | - Adam T. Woolley
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602
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52
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Mielecki M, Wojtasik J, Zborowska M, Kurzątkowska K, Grzelak K, Dehaen W, Radecki J, Radecka H. Oriented immobilization of His-tagged kinase RIO1 protein on redox active N-(IDA-like)-Cu(II) monolayer deposited on gold electrode—The base of electrochemical biosensor. Electrochim Acta 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2013.02.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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53
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A multi-parameter decoupling method with a Lamb wave sensor for improving the selectivity of label-free liquid detection. SENSORS 2012; 12:10369-80. [PMID: 23112604 PMCID: PMC3472832 DOI: 10.3390/s120810369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2012] [Revised: 07/17/2012] [Accepted: 07/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, a liquid multi-parameter decoupling method with only one Lamb wave sensor is presented. In a Lamb wave sensor, antisymmetric modes (A(01) mode for low frequency, A(03) mode for high frequency) and symmetric modes (S(0) mode) are used to detect multiple parameters of a liquid, such as its density, sound velocity, and viscosity. We found they can play very different roles in the detections. For example, the A(01) mode is very sensitive to the liquid's density but the A(03) mode is sensitive to the sound velocity. Here, the A(0) mode is used to identify the density of the detected liquid and with this density value we obtained the viscosity by the amplitude shifts of the S(0) mode. This could be a way to distinguish an unknown liquid with high sensitivity or to solve the problem of selectivity of label-free detection on biosensors.
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Kim B, Lam CN, Olsen BD. Nanopatterned Protein Films Directed by Ionic Complexation with Water-Soluble Diblock Copolymers. Macromolecules 2012; 45:4572-4580. [PMID: 24904186 PMCID: PMC4043372 DOI: 10.1021/ma2024914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The use of ionic interactions to direct both protein templating and block copolymer self-assembly into nanopatterned films with only aqueous processing conditions is demonstrated using block copolymers containing both thermally responsive and pH responsive blocks. Controlled reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer (RAFT) polymerization is employed to synthesize poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-b-2-(dimethylamino)ethyl acrylate) (PNIPAM-b-PDMAEA) diblock copolymers. The pH-dependent ionic complexation between the fluorescent protein, mCherry, and the ionic PDMAEA block is established using dynamic light scattering (DLS) and UV-Vis spectroscopy. DLS shows that the size of the resulting coacervate micelles depends strongly on pH, while UV-Vis spectroscopy shows a correlation between the protein's absorption maximum and the ionic microenvironment. Zeta potential measurements clearly indicate the ionic nature of the complex-forming interactions. Spin casting was used to prepare nanostructured films from the protein-block copolymer coacervates. After film formation, the lower critical solution temperature (LCST) of the PNIPAM blocks allows the nanomaterial to be effectively immobilized in aqueous environments at physiological temperatures, enabling potential use as a controlled protein release material or polymer matrix for protein immobilization. At pH 9.2 and 7.8, the release rates are at least 10 times faster than that at pH 6.4 due to weaker interaction between protein and PNIPAM-b-PDMAEA (PND) diblock copolymer. Due to the ionic environment in which protein is confined, the majority of the protein (80%) remains active, independent of pH, even after having been dehydrated in vacuum and confined in the films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bokyung Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United
| | - Christopher N. Lam
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United
| | - Bradley D. Olsen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United
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55
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Production of a polyclonal antibody to the VP26 nucleocapsid protein of white spot syndrome virus (wssv) and its use as a biosensor. Front Chem Sci Eng 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s11705-012-1289-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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56
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Schlichtiger A, Luppa PB, Neumeier D, Thaler M. Biosensor approaches for the detection of autoantibodies in human serum. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s12566-012-0028-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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57
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Malecka K, Grabowska I, Radecki J, Stachyra A, Góra-Sochacka A, Sirko A, Radecka H. Voltammetric Detection of a Specific DNA Sequence of Avian Influenza Virus H5N1 Using HS-ssDNA Probe Deposited onto Gold Electrode. ELECTROANAL 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201100566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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58
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Surface modification of an acoustic biosensor allowing the detection of low concentrations of cancer markers. Anal Biochem 2012; 420:188-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2011.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2011] [Revised: 09/12/2011] [Accepted: 10/03/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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59
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Gredell JA, Frei CS, Cirino PC. Protein and RNA engineering to customize microbial molecular reporting. Biotechnol J 2011; 7:477-99. [PMID: 22031507 DOI: 10.1002/biot.201100266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2011] [Revised: 07/20/2011] [Accepted: 08/23/2011] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Nature takes advantage of the malleability of protein and RNA sequence and structure to employ these macromolecules as molecular reporters whose conformation and functional roles depend on the presence of a specific ligand (an "effector" molecule). By following nature's example, ligand-responsive proteins and RNA molecules are now routinely engineered and incorporated into customized molecular reporting systems (biosensors). Microbial small-molecule biosensors and endogenous molecular reporters based on these sensing components find a variety of applications that include high-throughput screening of biosynthesis libraries, environmental monitoring, and novel gene regulation in synthetic biology. Here, we review recent advances in engineering small-molecule recognition by proteins and RNA and in coupling in vivo ligand binding to reporter-gene expression or to allosteric activation of a protein conferring a detectable phenotype. Emphasis is placed on microbial screening systems that serve as molecular reporters and facilitate engineering the ligand-binding component to recognize new molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph A Gredell
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
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60
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Carrasquilla C, Xiao Y, Xu CQ, Li Y, Brennan JD. Enhancing sensitivity and selectivity of long-period grating sensors using structure-switching aptamers bound to gold-doped macroporous silica coatings. Anal Chem 2011; 83:7984-91. [PMID: 21951178 DOI: 10.1021/ac2020432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
High surface area, sol-gel derived macroporous silica films doped with gold nanoparticles (AuNP) are used as a platform for high-density affinity-based immobilization of functional structure-switching DNA aptamer molecules onto Michelson interferometer long-period grating (LPG) fiber sensors, allowing for label-free detection of small molecular weight analytes such as adenosine triphosphate (ATP). The high surface area afforded by the sol-gel derived material allowed high loading of DNA aptamers, while the inclusion of gold nanoparticles within the silica film provided a high refractive index (RI) overlay, which is required to enhance the sensitivity of the LPG sensor according to our numerical simulations. By using a structure-switching aptamer construct that could release an oligonucleotide upon binding of ATP, the effective change in RI was both enhanced and inverted (i.e., binding of ATP caused a net reduction in molecular weight and refractive index), resulting in a system that prevented signals originating from nonspecific binding. This is the first report on the coupling of aptamers to LPG fiber sensors and the first use of high RI AuNP/silica films as supports to immobilize biomolecules onto the LPG sensor surface. The dual functionality of such films to both improve binding density and LPG sensor cladding refractive index results in a substantial enhancement in the sensitivity of such sensors for small molecule detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Carrasquilla
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, L8S 4M1
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61
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Electrochemical plasmonic sensors. Anal Bioanal Chem 2011; 402:1773-84. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-011-5404-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2011] [Revised: 08/17/2011] [Accepted: 09/06/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Thomas CS, Glassman MJ, Olsen BD. Solid-state nanostructured materials from self-assembly of a globular protein-polymer diblock copolymer. ACS NANO 2011; 5:5697-707. [PMID: 21696135 PMCID: PMC4059825 DOI: 10.1021/nn2013673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Self-assembly of three-dimensional solid-state nanostructures containing approximately 33% by weight globular protein is demonstrated using a globular protein-polymer diblock copolymer, providing a route to direct nanopatterning of proteins for use in bioelectronic and biocatalytic materials. A mutant red fluorescent protein, mCherryS131C, was prepared by incorporation of a unique cysteine residue and site-specifically conjugated to end-functionalized poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) through thiol-maleimide coupling to form a well-defined model protein-polymer block copolymer. The block copolymer was self-assembled into bulk nanostructures by solvent evaporation from concentrated solutions. Small-angle X-ray scattering and transmission electron microscopy illustrated the formation of highly disordered lamellae or hexagonally perforated lamellae depending upon the selectivity of the solvent during evaporation. Solvent annealing of bulk samples resulted in a transition toward lamellar nanostructures with mCherry packed in a bilayer configuration and a large improvement in long-range ordering. Wide-angle X-ray scattering indicated that mCherry did not crystallize within the block copolymer nanodomains and that the β-sheet spacing was not affected by self-assembly. Circular dichroism showed no change in protein secondary structure after self-assembly, while UV-vis spectroscopy indicated approximately 35% of the chromophore remained optically active.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla S. Thomas
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Matthew J. Glassman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Bradley D. Olsen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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63
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Biosensor diagnosis of urinary tract infections: a path to better treatment? Trends Pharmacol Sci 2011; 32:330-6. [PMID: 21458868 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2011.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2010] [Revised: 02/28/2011] [Accepted: 03/01/2011] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Urinary tract infection (UTI) is among the most common bacterial infections and poses a significant healthcare burden. The standard culture-based diagnosis of UTI has a typical delay of two to three days. In the absence of definitive microbiological diagnosis at the point of care, physicians frequently initiate empirical broad-spectrum antibiotic treatment, and this has contributed to the emergence of resistant pathogens. Biosensors are emerging as a powerful diagnostic platform for infectious diseases. Paralleling how blood glucose sensors revolutionized the management of diabetes, and how pregnancy tests are now conducted in the home, biosensors are poised to improve UTI diagnosis significantly. Biosensors are amenable to integration with microfluidic technology for point-of-care (POC) applications. This review focuses on promising biosensor technology for UTI diagnosis, including pathogen identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing, and hurdles to be surpassed in the translation of biosensor technology from bench to bedside.
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64
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Dynamic Nanoplatforms in Biosensor and Membrane Constitutional Systems. CONSTITUTIONAL DYNAMIC CHEMISTRY 2011; 322:139-63. [DOI: 10.1007/128_2011_199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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65
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Gruhl FJ, Rapp BE, Länge K. Biosensors for diagnostic applications. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2011; 133:115-48. [PMID: 22223139 DOI: 10.1007/10_2011_130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Biosensors combine a transducer with a biorecognition element and thus are able to transform a biochemical event on the transducer surface directly into a measurable signal. By this they have the potential to provide rapid, real-time, and accurate results in a comparatively easy way, which makes them promising analytical devices. Since the first biosensor was introduced in 1962 as an "enzyme electrode" for monitoring glucose in blood, medical applications have been the main driving force for further biosensor development. In this chapter we outline potential biosensor setups, focusing on transduction principles, biorecognition layers, and biosensor test formats, with regard to potential applications. A summary of relevant aspects concerning biosensor integration in efficient analytical setups is included. We describe the latest applications of biosensors in diagnostic applications focusing on detection of molecular biomarkers in real samples. An overview of the current state and future trends of biosensors in this field is given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Friederike J Gruhl
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Institute for Microstructure Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
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66
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Abstract
Micromixing is a crucial process within microfluidic systems such as micro total analysis systems (μTAS). A state-of-art review on microstructured mixing devices and their mixing phenomena is given. The review first presents an overview of the characteristics of fluidic behavior at the microscale and their implications in microfluidic mixing processes. According to the two basic principles exploited to induce mixing at the microscale, micromixers are generally classified as being passive or active. Passive mixers solely rely on pumping energy, whereas active mixers rely on an external energy source to achieve mixing. Typical types of passive micromixers are discussed, including T- or Y-shaped, parallel lamination, sequential, focusing enhanced mixers, and droplet micromixers. Examples of active mixers using external forces such as pressure field, electrokinetic, dielectrophoretic, electrowetting, magneto-hydrodynamic, and ultrasound to assist mixing are presented. Finally, the advantages and disadvantages of mixing in a microfluidic environment are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Capretto
- School of Engineering Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
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