Effect of sage and garlic on lipid oxidation in high-pressure processed chicken meat

Características físico-químicas e sensoriais de embutido fresco de aves de descarte preparado com diferentes antioxidantes naturais

Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito de diferentes antioxidantes naturais em embutidos frescos formulados com carnes provenientes de aves de descarte nas características físico-químicas e sensoriais do produto. O experimento foi realizado no Departamento de Tecnologia - Laboratório de Tecnologia dos Produtos de Origem Animal da FCAV/Unesp - Campus de Jaboticabal. Para tanto, foram utilizadas 45 aves de postura, com aproximadamente 80 semanas de idade, distribuídas em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 4x4, sendo quatro tipos de condimentos (controle, alecrim, cravo-da-índia e orégano) e quatro períodos de armazenamento (zero, três; seis e nove dias a 4°C), o que totalizou 16 tratamentos e três repetições. Foram ainda avaliadas as características de umidade, pH, cor, perdas por cozimento, força de cisalhamento, número de TBARS e análise sensorial. As médias obtidas foram comparadas pelo teste de Tukey a 5% de significância. Houve interação entre o período de armazenamento e o condimento utilizado em todas as características avaliadas. O tratamento que continha cravo da Índia foi o que recebeu as menores notas na análise sensorial. A utilização do orégano diminuiu a oxidação do embutido, além de ter agradado os provadores na análise sensorial.

Aroma development in high pressure treated beef and chicken meat compared to raw and heat treated

Chicken breast and beef muscle were treated at 400 and 600 MPa for 15 min at 5 degrees C and compared to raw meat and a heated sample (100 degrees C for 15 min). Vacuum-packed beef meat with a smaller fraction of unsaturated fatty acids showed better oxidative stability during 14 days of cold storage, as shown by a low steady-state level of hydroperoxide values, than vacuum-packed chicken meat. Accordingly, the critical pressures of 400 MPa and 600 MPa for chicken breast and beef sirloin, respectively, were established. Volatiles released after opening of the meat bags or during storage of open meat bags, simulating consumer behaviour, were measured under conditions mimicking eating. Quantitative and olfactory analysis of pressurised meat gave a total of 46 flavour volatiles, mainly alcohols (11), aldehydes (15), and ketones (11), but all in low abundance after 14 days of storage. Overall, beef meat contained less volatiles and in lower abundance (factor of 5) compared to chicken meat. The most important odour active volatiles (GC-O) were well below the detection thresholds necessary to impart a perceivable off-flavour. Lipid oxidation was significantly accelerated during 24h of cold storage in both cooked chicken and beef when exposed to oxygen, while the pressurised and oxygen-exposed chicken and beef meat remained stable. Pressure treatment of beef and chicken did not induce severe changes of their raw aroma profiles.

Improving functional value of meat products

In recent years, much attention has been paid to develop meat and meat products with physiological functions to promote health conditions and prevent the risk of diseases. This review focuses on strategies to improve the functional value of meat and meat products. Value improvement can be realized by adding functional compounds including conjugated linoneleic acid, vitamin E, n3 fatty acids and selenium in animal diets to improve animal production, carcass composition and fresh meat quality. In addition, functional ingredients such as vegetable proteins, dietary fibers, herbs and spices, and lactic acid bacteria can be directly incorporated into meat products during processing to improve their functional value for consumers. Functional compounds, especially peptides, can also be generated from meat and meat products during processing such as fermentation, curing and aging, and enzymatic hydrolysis. This review further discusses the current status, consumer acceptance, and market for functional foods from the global viewpoints. Future prospects for functional meat and meat products are also discussed.