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Zhang X, Wang H, Li Q, Li T. CLDN2 inhibits the metastasis of osteosarcoma cells via down-regulating the afadin/ERK signaling pathway. Cancer Cell Int 2018; 18:160. [PMID: 30349422 PMCID: PMC6192349 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-018-0662-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In an earlier study, we investigated the expression of tight junction protein claudins (CLDNs) in human osteosarcoma (OS) cells, and the CLDN2 was found to be down-regulated in primary tumor cells compared with normal osteoblast cells. Here, we sought to explore the effects of CLDN2 on the malignant phenotype of OS and the underlying molecular mechanisms. Methods The expression patterns of CLDN2 and afadin in OS tissues and histologically non-neoplastic bone tissues were explored via immunohistochemistry and western blotting. CLDN2 expression levels in an OS cell line stably expressing CLDN2 and an osteoblast cell line with a CLDN2 knockout were confirmed by western blotting and immunofluorescence staining. The malignant phenotype of OS cells and osteoblast cells in vitro was assessed using a cell counting kit-8 assay, transwell assay and wound-healing experiment. Western blotting was utilized to detect the activation state of Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK pathway. Moreover, an RNA interference method were used to silence afadin in CLDN2-expressing OS cells. Results Our research group found that CLDN2 and afadin was underexpressed in OS tissues, and the overexpression of CLDN2 significantly inhibited the migration abilities of OS cells. Genetic silencing of afadin in CLDN2-overexpressing OS cells promoted U2OS cell motility and activation of the Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK pathway. Conclusions In this study, we confirmed that CLDN2 expression significantly inhibited the malignant phenotype of OS cells in vitro. Inhibition of the ERK pathway by afadin may be one of the mechanisms by which CLDN2 blocks the metastasis phenotype of OS cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Zhang
- 1Center for Translational Medicine, Central Hospital of Zibo, Affiliated with Shandong University, Gong qingtuan Road 54Hao, Zibo, Shandong China.,3Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Central Hospital of Zibo, Affiliated with Shandong University, Zibo, Shandong China
| | - Haiming Wang
- Department of General Surgery, People's Hospital of Linzi District, Affiliated with Binzhou Medical College, Zibo, Shandong China
| | - Qian Li
- 3Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Central Hospital of Zibo, Affiliated with Shandong University, Zibo, Shandong China
| | - Tao Li
- 1Center for Translational Medicine, Central Hospital of Zibo, Affiliated with Shandong University, Gong qingtuan Road 54Hao, Zibo, Shandong China.,3Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Central Hospital of Zibo, Affiliated with Shandong University, Zibo, Shandong China
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Löser R, Bader M, Kuchar M, Wodtke R, Lenk J, Wodtke J, Kuhne K, Bergmann R, Haase-Kohn C, Urbanová M, Steinbach J, Pietzsch J. Synthesis, 18F-labelling and radiopharmacological characterisation of the C-terminal 30mer of Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin as a potential claudin-targeting peptide. Amino Acids 2018; 51:219-244. [PMID: 30264172 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-018-2657-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The cell surface receptor claudin-4 (Cld-4) is upregulated in various tumours and represents an important emerging target for both diagnosis and treatment of solid tumours of epithelial origin. The C-terminal fragment of the Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin cCPE290-319 appears as a suitable ligand for targeting Cld-4. The synthesis of this 30mer peptide was attempted via several approaches, which has revealed sequential SPPS using three pseudoproline dipeptide building blocks to be the most efficient one. Labelling with fluorine-18 was achieved on solid phase using N-succinimidyl 4-[18F]fluorobenzoate ([18F]SFB) and 4-[18F]fluorobenzoyl chloride as 18F-acylating agents, which was the most advantageous when [18F]SFB was reacted with the resin-bound 30mer containing an N-terminal 6-aminohexanoic spacer. Binding to Cld-4 was demonstrated via surface plasmon resonance using a protein construct containing both extracellular loops of Cld-4. In addition, cell binding experiments were performed for 18F-labelled cCPE290-319 with the Cld-4 expressing tumour cell lines HT-29 and A431 that were complemented by fluorescence microscopy studies using the corresponding fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated peptide. The 30mer peptide proved to be sufficiently stable in blood plasma. Studying the in vivo behaviour of 18F-labelled cCPE290-319 in healthy mice and rats by dynamic PET imaging and radiometabolite analyses has revealed that the peptide is subject to substantial liver uptake and rapid metabolic degradation in vivo, which limits its suitability as imaging probe for tumour-associated Cld-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reik Löser
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany.
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, School of Science, Technische Universität Dresden, Mommsenstraße 4, 01062, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Miriam Bader
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, School of Science, Technische Universität Dresden, Mommsenstraße 4, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Manuela Kuchar
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, School of Science, Technische Universität Dresden, Mommsenstraße 4, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Robert Wodtke
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, School of Science, Technische Universität Dresden, Mommsenstraße 4, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jens Lenk
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, School of Science, Technische Universität Dresden, Mommsenstraße 4, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Johanna Wodtke
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - Konstantin Kuhne
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, School of Science, Technische Universität Dresden, Mommsenstraße 4, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ralf Bergmann
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - Cathleen Haase-Kohn
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - Marie Urbanová
- Department of Physics and Measurements, University of Chemistry and Technology, 166 28, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jörg Steinbach
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, School of Science, Technische Universität Dresden, Mommsenstraße 4, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jens Pietzsch
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, School of Science, Technische Universität Dresden, Mommsenstraße 4, 01062, Dresden, Germany
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Wang K, Xu C, Li W, Ding L. Emerging clinical significance of claudin-7 in colorectal cancer: a review. Cancer Manag Res 2018; 10:3741-3752. [PMID: 30288105 PMCID: PMC6159786 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s175383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Tight junctions (TJs) play an important role in maintaining cell polarity and regulating cell permeability. In recent years, many studies have shown that TJ proteins, especially claudin-7, are closely related to inflammation and the development of various malignant tumors. Claudin-7 plays a significant role in maintaining the physiological functions and pathological conditions of the TJ barrier. The dysregulation of claudin-7 plays a tumor suppressor role or conversely has carcinogenic effects in different target tissues or cells, but the exact underlying mechanism is still unclear. In this review, we will summarize the expression pattern of claudin-7 in tumors, focusing on the expression and regulation of claudin-7 in colorectal cancer and discussing the correlation between claudin-7 and invasion, metastasis and epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) in colorectal cancer. The construction of Cldn7−/− mice and conventional claudin-7 knockout mouse models has helped determine the mechanisms by which claudin-7 promotes tumorigenesis. Elucidation of the expression and subcellular localization of claudin-7 under pathological conditions will help develop claudin-7 as a useful biomarker for detecting and diagnosing cancer, and thus may help combat the occurrence, development, and invasion of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Wang
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, People's Republic of China,
| | - Chang Xu
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, People's Republic of China,
| | - Wenjing Li
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, People's Republic of China,
| | - Lei Ding
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, People's Republic of China,
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Aoyama T, Takasawa A, Murata M, Osanai M, Takano K, Hasagawa T, Sawada N. Immunoreactivity patterns of tight junction proteins are useful for differential diagnosis of human salivary gland tumors. Med Mol Morphol 2018; 52:23-35. [PMID: 29955965 DOI: 10.1007/s00795-018-0199-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The expression pattern of tight junction proteins (TJPs) varies among organs and tumor types. In this study, we examined the immunoreactivity of claudin (CLDN)-1, -4, and -7, and JAM-A in salivary gland tumors (SGTs) by histological types and cell types to estimate their usefulness as differential diagnostic markers. Immunoreactivity of CLDN1 was higher in ductal epithelium cells of SGTs than in non-tumor tissues. Conversely, immunoreactivity of CLDN1 was significantly decreased in basal/myoepithelium cells of SGTs compared with that in non-tumor tissues. There was no significant difference between the immunoreactivity of CLDN1 in benign tumors and that in malignant tumors. Immunoreactivity of CLDN4, CLDN7, and JAM-A in ductal epithelium cells was higher in many SGTs than in non-tumor tissues. There was a difference depending on the histological type of SGT in immunoreactivity of CLDN4, CLDN7, and JAM-A in basaloid/myoepithelial cells. It was possible to classify SGTs by a hierarchical clustering using immunoreactivity of TJPs. The results suggest that an immunohistochemical marker panel including these TJPs may be useful for differential diagnosis of SGTs and that CLDN1 is associated with tumorigenesis of SGTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyuki Aoyama
- Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, S1. W17, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan.,Department of Surgical Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Akira Takasawa
- Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, S1. W17, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Masaki Murata
- Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, S1. W17, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan.
| | - Makoto Osanai
- Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, S1. W17, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Kenichi Takano
- Department of Otolaryngology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Tadashi Hasagawa
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Norimasa Sawada
- Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, S1. W17, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
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Yang L, Sun X, Meng X. Differences in the expression profiles of claudin proteins in human gastric carcinoma compared with non‑neoplastic mucosa. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:1271-1278. [PMID: 29901188 PMCID: PMC6072183 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Numerous genetic alterations associated with cancer progression have the potential to serve as biomarkers for the early diagnosis of cancer. Numerous studies have suggested that claudin proteins, which are the primary components of tight junction structures, are associated with the regulation of cell polarity and cell differentiation. To investigate the expression profiles of the tight junction proteins claudin-2, −5, −7 and −8 in gastric carcinoma, immunohistochemical analysis, western blotting and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis was used to detect the expression profiles of these claudin proteins in gastric carcinoma tissues and in homologous non-neoplastic mucosal tissues. According to the present study, the expression levels of claudin-7 and claudin-8 were downregulated, while the expression of claudin-5 was upregulated in gastric carcinoma tissues compared with in non-neoplastic mucosal tissues. Additionally, no notable difference was observed between claudin-2 expression in gastric carcinoma tissues and non-neoplastic mucosae. Correlations between claudin-7 and −8 expression and lymphatic metastasis in gastric carcinoma tissues were additionally reported. In summary, the present study revealed the distinct expression profiles of claudin-5, −7 and −8 in non-neoplastic mucosal tissues and gastric carcinoma tissues. Furthermore, the expression of these claudin proteins was highly associated with metastatic progression and prognosis in patients with gastric carcinoma, and had predictive value for the metastasis and survival of patients with gastric carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luoluo Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Xun Sun
- Department of Pathology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Xiangwei Meng
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
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Murata M, Osanai M, Takasawa A, Takasawa K, Aoyama T, Kawada Y, Yamamoto A, Ono Y, Hiratsuka Y, Kojima T, Sawada N. Occludin induces microvillus formation via phosphorylation of ezrin in a mouse hepatic cell line. Exp Cell Res 2018; 366:172-180. [PMID: 29555369 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2018.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Revised: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Apical and basolateral cell membranes are separated by tight junctions (TJs). Microvilli are limited to the apical cell membrane. TJs and microvilli are the landmarks for epithelial cell polarity. However, the direct relationship between TJ proteins (TJPs) and the components of microvilli remains unclear. In this study, we investigated whether occludin, which is considered to be a functional TJP, is involved in microvillus formation. In occludin knockout mouse hepatic cells (OcKO cells), the microvillus density was less than that in wild-type (WT) cells and the length of microvilli was short. Immunoreactivity of ezrin was decreased in OcKO cells compared with that in WT cells. Although there was no change in the expression level of ezrin, phosphorylation of ezrin was decreased in OcKO cells. The microvillus density and the length of microvilli were increased in OcKO cells by transfection of full-length mouse occludin and COOH-terminal domains of occludin. These results suggested that occludin induced microvillus formation via phosphorylation of ezrin and that the COOH-terminal domain of occludin, which is localized in non-TJ areas, might be able to induce microvilli formation. Our results provide new insights into the function of occludin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Murata
- Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1, West-17, Chuo-ku, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan.
| | - Makoto Osanai
- Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1, West-17, Chuo-ku, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Akira Takasawa
- Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1, West-17, Chuo-ku, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Kumi Takasawa
- Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1, West-17, Chuo-ku, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Aoyama
- Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1, West-17, Chuo-ku, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Yuka Kawada
- Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1, West-17, Chuo-ku, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Akihiro Yamamoto
- Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1, West-17, Chuo-ku, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Yusuke Ono
- Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1, West-17, Chuo-ku, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Yutaro Hiratsuka
- Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1, West-17, Chuo-ku, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Takashi Kojima
- Department of Cell Science, Research Institute of Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1, West-17, Chuo-ku, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Norimasa Sawada
- Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1, West-17, Chuo-ku, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
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Jääskeläinen A, Soini Y, Jukkola-Vuorinen A, Auvinen P, Haapasaari KM, Karihtala P. High-level cytoplasmic claudin 3 expression is an independent predictor of poor survival in triple-negative breast cancer. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:223. [PMID: 29482498 PMCID: PMC6389078 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-4141-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The subtype of claudin-low breast cancer can be reliably determined only by gene-expression profiling. Attempts have been made to develop immunohistochemical surrogates, which nearly always focus on membranous claudin expression. Methods We assessed the immunohistochemical expression of both membranous and cytoplasmic claudins 3, 4 and 7 in a series of 197 non-metastatic breast cancers, enriched with triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs; 60%). The expression of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition-regulating transcription factors Sip1, Zeb1 and vimentin had previously been determined in the same material. Results In multivariate analysis, strong cytoplasmic claudin 3 expression was associated with poor relapse-free survival (RFS), disease-free survival, distant disease-free survival, breast cancer-specific survival and overall survival among TNBC patients (for RFS, RR 5.202, 95% CI 1.210–22.369, p = 0.027, vs. T-class, RR 0.663, 95% CI 0.168–2.623, p = 0.558, and N-class, RR 3.940, 95% CI 0.933–16.631, p = 0.062). Cytoplasmic claudin 3 expression was also associated with strong nuclear Sip1 expression (p = 0.000053), TNBC phenotype (p = 0.012) and within them, non-basal-like phenotype (p = 0.026). Cytoplasmic claudin 7 was associated with dismal RFS (RR 6.328, 95% CI 1.401–28.593, p = 0.016, vs. T-class, RR 0.692, 95% CI 0.242–1.982, p = 0.493, and N-class, RR 2.981, 95% CI 1.1016–8.749, p = 0.047). Low cytoplasmic expression of claudins 3, 4 and 7 together also predicted poor RFS (RR 6.070, 95% CI 1.347–27.363, p = 0.019, vs. T-class, RR 0.677, 95% CI 0.237–1.934, p = 0.467, and N-class, RR 3.167, 95% CI 1.079–9.290, p = 0.036). Conclusions Immunohistochemical expression levels of cytoplasmic claudins 3 and 7 appear to be novel prognostic factors in TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anniina Jääskeläinen
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, P.O. Box 22, 90029, Oulu, Finland.,Department of Pathology, Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Ylermi Soini
- Department of Pathology, Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.,Department of Pathology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Arja Jukkola-Vuorinen
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, P.O. Box 22, 90029, Oulu, Finland
| | - Päivi Auvinen
- Department of Oncology, and Cancer Center, Kuopio University Hospital, and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Kirsi-Maria Haapasaari
- Department of Pathology, Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Peeter Karihtala
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, P.O. Box 22, 90029, Oulu, Finland.
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Hashimoto Y, Hata T, Tada M, Iida M, Watari A, Okada Y, Doi T, Kuniyasu H, Yagi K, Kondoh M. Safety evaluation of a human chimeric monoclonal antibody that recognizes the extracellular loop domain of claudin-2. Eur J Pharm Sci 2018; 117:161-167. [PMID: 29448044 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2018.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2017] [Revised: 02/10/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Claudin-2 (CLDN-2), a pore-forming tight junction protein with a tetra-transmembrane domain, is involved in carcinogenesis and the metastasis of some cancers. Although CLDN-2 is highly expressed in the tight junctions of the liver and kidney, whether CLDN-2 is a safe target for cancer therapy remains unknown. We recently generated a rat monoclonal antibody (mAb, clone 1A2) that recognizes the extracellular domains of human and mouse CLDN-2. Here, we investigated the safety of CLDN-2-targeted cancer therapy by using 1A2 as a model therapeutic antibody. Because most human therapeutic mAbs are IgG1 subtype that can induce antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity, we generated a human-rat chimeric IgG1 form of 1A2 (xi-1A2). xi-1A2 activated Fcγ receptor IIIa in the presence of CLDN-2-expressing cells, indicating that xi-1A2 likely exerts antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity. At 24 h after its intravenous injection, xi-1A2 was distributed into the liver, kidney, and tumor tissues of mice bearing CLDN-2-expressing fibrosarcoma cells. Treatment of the xenografted mice with xi-1A2 attenuated tumor growth without apparent adverse effects, such as changes in body weight and biochemical markers of liver and kidney injury. These results support xi-1A2 as the lead candidate mAb for safe CLDN-2-targeted cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Hashimoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Hata
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Minoru Tada
- Division of Biological Chemistry and Biologicals, National Institute of Health Sciences, Tokyo 158-0098, Japan
| | - Manami Iida
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Akihiro Watari
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Okada
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Takefumi Doi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hiroki Kuniyasu
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, Nara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Kiyohito Yagi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Masuo Kondoh
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
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Li J, Zhou C, Ni S, Wang S, Ni C, Yang P, Ye M. Methylated claudin-11 associated with metastasis and poor survival of colorectal cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 8:96249-96262. [PMID: 29221203 PMCID: PMC5707097 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
As one of crucial epigenetic modification, DNA methylation plays an important role during the carcinogenesis of colorectal cancer (CRC). In the current study, we used a human genome methylation array to detect the aberrant methylation genes in CRC. We further identified the hypermethylation of claudin-11 (CLDN11) and proved inverse correlation between CLDN11 methylation and its expression in CRC. In vitro experiments showed debased migration ability of colonic cancer cells in accompany with the converted methylation of CLDN11 after colonic cancer cells treated with demethylation agent, 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine. Besides, our results also represented that hypermethylation of CLDN11 was associated with increased metastatic potential of CRC and with low progression free survival (PFS) of CRC. In conclusion, our findings supported that the hypermethylated CLDN11 is associated with metastasis of CRC and prognosis of poor survival of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyun Li
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315000, China
| | - Chongchang Zhou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315040, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shumin Ni
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315000, China
| | - Shaomin Wang
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315000, China
| | - Chao Ni
- Medical School, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
| | - Ping Yang
- Medical School, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
| | - Meng Ye
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315000, China
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Watari A, Kodaka M, Matsuhisa K, Sakamoto Y, Hisaie K, Kawashita N, Takagi T, Yamagishi Y, Suzuki H, Tsujino H, Yagi K, Kondoh M. Identification of claudin-4 binder that attenuates tight junction barrier function by TR-FRET-based screening assay. Sci Rep 2017; 7:14514. [PMID: 29109448 PMCID: PMC5674027 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-15108-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Claudins are key functional and structural components of tight junctions (TJs) in epithelial cell sheets. The C-terminal fragment of Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin (C-CPE) binds to claudin-4 and reversibly modulates intestinal TJ seals, thereby enhancing paracellular transport of solutes. However, the use of C-CPE as an absorption enhancer is limited by the molecule’s immunogenicity and manufacturing cost. Here, we developed a high-throughput screening system based on the Time-Resolved Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (TR-FRET) method to identify claudin-4 binders in a library collection of 32,560 compounds. Thiostrepton, identified from the screen, decreased transepithelial electrical resistance and increased flux of 4-kDa fluorescein isothiocyanate–labelled dextran (FD-4) in Caco-2 cell monolayers, a model of intestinal epithelium. Thiostrepton changed the expression, but not the localisation, of TJ components. Treatment of rat jejunum with thiostrepton increased the absorption of FD-4 without tissue toxicity, indicating that thiostrepton is a novel claudin-4 binder that enhances intestinal permeability. The screening system may therefore be a useful tool for identifying claudin-4 binders to enhance drug absorption in mucosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Watari
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Miki Kodaka
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Koji Matsuhisa
- Department of Stress Protein Processing, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yuta Sakamoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kota Hisaie
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Norihito Kawashita
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashiosaka City, Osaka, 577-8502, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Takagi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.,Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, 3-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Yamagishi
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Musashino University, 1-1-20 Shinmachi, Nishi-Tokyo, 202-8585, Japan
| | - Hidehiko Suzuki
- Laboratory of Vaccine Materials and Laboratory of Gut Environmental System, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), Osaka, 567-0085, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Tsujino
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kiyohito Yagi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Masuo Kondoh
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
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61
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Magara K, Takasawa A, Osanai M, Ota M, Tagami Y, Ono Y, Takasawa K, Murata M, Hirohashi Y, Miyajima M, Yamada G, Hasegawa T, Sawada N. Elevated expression of JAM-A promotes neoplastic properties of lung adenocarcinoma. Cancer Sci 2017; 108:2306-2314. [PMID: 28837251 PMCID: PMC5666024 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Revised: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A cell-cell adhesion protein, junctional adhesion molecule-A (JAM-A), has been shown to be involved in neoplasia of various organs. However, the fundamental role of JAM-A in tumorigenesis is still under debate because dysregulated expression of this protein has distinct effects, playing opposite roles in carcinogenesis depending on the target tissues. In the present study, we found elevated levels of JAM-A expression in lung adenocarcinoma and its preinvasive lesions, including atypical adenomatous hyperplasia and adenocarcinoma in situ by immunohistochemistry. We also showed that suppression of constitutive JAM-A expression conferred target cells with increased susceptibility to apoptosis in lung adenocarcinoma cells. Consequently, inhibition of JAM-A activity decreased colony-forming capability in vitro and tumorigenicity in vivo. The transformed phenotype following suppression of JAM-A expression was sufficient to reduce motile and invasive capacities. Importantly, knockout of JAM-A had striking effects on cells. Our observations suggest that increased expression of JAM-A promotes neoplasia of lung adenocarcinoma. In addition, an anti-JAM-A antibody efficiently reduced cell proliferation and provoked apoptosis, indicating the potential feasibility of JAM-A-inhibitory cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazufumi Magara
- Department of PathologySapporo Medical University School of MedicineSapporoJapan
| | - Akira Takasawa
- Department of PathologySapporo Medical University School of MedicineSapporoJapan
| | - Makoto Osanai
- Department of PathologySapporo Medical University School of MedicineSapporoJapan
| | - Misaki Ota
- Department of PathologySapporo Medical University School of MedicineSapporoJapan
| | - Yohei Tagami
- Department of PathologySapporo Medical University School of MedicineSapporoJapan
| | - Yusuke Ono
- Department of PathologySapporo Medical University School of MedicineSapporoJapan
| | - Kumi Takasawa
- Department of PathologySapporo Medical University School of MedicineSapporoJapan
| | - Masaki Murata
- Department of PathologySapporo Medical University School of MedicineSapporoJapan
| | - Yoshihiko Hirohashi
- Department of PathologySapporo Medical University School of MedicineSapporoJapan
| | - Masahiro Miyajima
- Department of Thoracic SurgerySapporo Medical University School of MedicineSapporoJapan
| | - Gen Yamada
- Department of Respiratory MedicineSapporo Medical University School of MedicineSapporoJapan
| | - Tadashi Hasegawa
- Department of Surgical PathologySapporo Medical University School of MedicineSapporoJapan
| | - Norimasa Sawada
- Department of PathologySapporo Medical University School of MedicineSapporoJapan
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62
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Jeong HJ, Kawamura T, Iida M, Kawahigashi Y, Takigawa M, Ohmuro-Matsuyama Y, Chung CI, Dong J, Kondoh M, Ueda H. Development of a Quenchbody for the Detection and Imaging of the Cancer-Related Tight-Junction-Associated Membrane Protein Claudin. Anal Chem 2017; 89:10783-10789. [PMID: 28972746 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b02047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Claudins (CLs) are membrane proteins found in tight junctions and play a major role in establishing the intercellular barrier. However, some CLs are abnormally overexpressed on tumor cells and are valid clinical biomarkers for cancer diagnosis. Here, we constructed antibody Fab fragment-based Quenchbodies (Q-bodies) as effective and reliable fluorescent sensors for detecting and visualizing CLs on live tumor cells. The variable region genes for anti-CL1 and anti-CL4 antibodies were used to express recombinant Fab fragments, and clones recognizing CL4 with high affinity were selected for making Q-bodies. When two fluorescent dyes were conjugated to the N-terminal tags attached to the Fab, the fluorescent signal was significantly increased after adding nanomolar-levels of purified CL4. Moreover, addition of the Q-body to CL4-expressing cells including CL4-positive cancer cells led to a clear fluorescence signal with low background, even without washing steps. Our findings suggested that such Q-bodies would serve as a potent tool for specifically illuminating membrane targets expressed on cancer cells, both in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee-Jin Jeong
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology , 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan
| | - Takuya Kawamura
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Manami Iida
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University , Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yumi Kawahigashi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University , Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Mutsumi Takigawa
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University , Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yuki Ohmuro-Matsuyama
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology , 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan
| | - Chan-I Chung
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology , 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan
| | - Jinhua Dong
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology , 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan.,Key Laboratory of Biological Medicine in Universities of Shandong Province, School of Bioscience and Technology, Weifang Medical University , Weifang, Shandong 261053, P.R. China
| | - Masuo Kondoh
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University , Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ueda
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology , 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan
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63
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Katayama A, Handa T, Komatsu K, Togo M, Horiguchi J, Nishiyama M, Oyama T. Expression patterns of claudins in patients with triple-negative breast cancer are associated with nodal metastasis and worse outcome. Pathol Int 2017; 67:404-413. [DOI: 10.1111/pin.12560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ayaka Katayama
- Diagnostic Pathology; Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine; Maebashi Japan
| | - Tadashi Handa
- Diagnostic Pathology; Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine; Maebashi Japan
| | - Kei Komatsu
- Diagnostic Pathology; Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine; Maebashi Japan
| | - Maria Togo
- Diagnostic Pathology; Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine; Maebashi Japan
| | - Jun Horiguchi
- Department of Thoracic and Visceral Organ Surgery; Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine; Maebashi Japan
| | - Masahiko Nishiyama
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Oncology; Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine; Maebashi Japan
| | - Tetsunari Oyama
- Diagnostic Pathology; Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine; Maebashi Japan
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64
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Díaz-Coránguez M, Ramos C, Antonetti DA. The inner blood-retinal barrier: Cellular basis and development. Vision Res 2017; 139:123-137. [PMID: 28619516 DOI: 10.1016/j.visres.2017.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Revised: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The blood-retinal barrier (BRB) regulates transport across retinal capillaries maintaining proper neural homeostasis and protecting the neural tissue from potential blood borne toxicity. Loss of the BRB contributes to the pathophysiology of a number of blinding retinal diseases including diabetic retinopathy. In this review, we address the basis of the BRB, including the molecular mechanisms that regulate flux across the retinal vascular bed. The routes of transcellular and paracellular flux are described as well as alterations in these pathways in response to permeabilizing agents in diabetes. Finally, we provide information on exciting new studies that help to elucidate the process of BRB development or barriergenesis and how understanding this process may lead to new opportunities for barrier restoration in diabetic retinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónica Díaz-Coránguez
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Carla Ramos
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - David A Antonetti
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.
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65
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Piontek A, Witte C, May Rose H, Eichner M, Protze J, Krause G, Piontek J, Schröder L. A cCPE-based xenon biosensor for magnetic resonance imaging of claudin-expressing cells. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2017. [PMID: 28636798 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.13363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The majority of malignant tumors originate from epithelial cells, and many of them are characterized by an overexpression of claudins (Cldns) and their mislocalization out of tight junctions. We utilized the C-terminal claudin-binding domain of Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin (cCPE), with its high affinity to specific members of the claudin family, as the targeting unit for a claudin-sensitive cancer biosensor. To overcome the poor sensitivity of conventional relaxivity-based magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents, we utilized the superior sensitivity of xenon Hyper-CEST biosensors. We labeled cCPE for both xenon MRI and fluorescence detection. As one readout module, we employed a cryptophane (CrA) monoacid and, as the second, a fluorescein molecule. Both were conjugated separately to a biotin molecule via a polyethyleneglycol chemical spacer and later via avidin linked to GST-cCPE. Nontransfected HEK293 cells and HEK293 cells stably expressing Cldn4-FLAG were incubated with the cCPE-based biosensor. Fluorescence-based flow cytometry and xenon MRI demonstrated binding of the biosensor specifically to Cldn4-expressing cells. This study provides proof of concept for the use of cCPE as a carrier for diagnostic contrast agents, a novel approach for potential detection of Cldn3/-4-overexpressing tumors for noninvasive early cancer detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Piontek
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Structural Bioinformatics and Protein Design, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christopher Witte
- Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Molecular Imaging, Berlin, Germany
| | - Honor May Rose
- Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Molecular Imaging, Berlin, Germany
| | - Miriam Eichner
- Institute of Clinical Physiology Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jonas Protze
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Structural Bioinformatics and Protein Design, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gerd Krause
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Structural Bioinformatics and Protein Design, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jörg Piontek
- Institute of Clinical Physiology Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Leif Schröder
- Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Molecular Imaging, Berlin, Germany
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66
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Takasawa K, Takasawa A, Osanai M, Aoyama T, Ono Y, Kono T, Hirohashi Y, Murata M, Sawada N. Claudin-18 coupled with EGFR/ERK signaling contributes to the malignant potentials of bile duct cancer. Cancer Lett 2017. [PMID: 28624624 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2017.05.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Our recent work revealed that elevated expression of claudin-18 is involved in bile duct neoplasia. In the present study, we found that wound generation of a cell sheet de novo induced claudin-18 expression in its leading edge, coincident with high mitotic activity. We also found that the suppression of claudin-18 expression significantly reduced cell growth and invasiveness of bile duct cancer cell lines and tumorigenicity in vivo. In addition, an antibody specific to an extracellular loop of claudin-18 showed similar effects on the cells such as cell proliferation. Interestingly, treatment with epidermal growth factor (EGF) and overexpression of RAS oncogene induced claudin-18 expression by activation of extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK)1/2. Furthermore, enhanced claudin-18 expression activated ERK1/2. These findings provide evidence for an oncogenic property of claudin-18 in bile duct carcinoma cells via modulation of EGFR/ERK signaling, indicating that claudin-18 is a possible therapeutic target for this malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumi Takasawa
- Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Akira Takasawa
- Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.
| | - Makoto Osanai
- Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Aoyama
- Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yusuke Ono
- Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Kono
- Department of Surgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Hirohashi
- Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masaki Murata
- Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Norimasa Sawada
- Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
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67
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Zhao Z, Li J, Jiang Y, Xu W, Li X, Jing W. CLDN1 Increases Drug Resistance of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer by Activating Autophagy via Up-Regulation of ULK1 Phosphorylation. Med Sci Monit 2017; 23:2906-2916. [PMID: 28614291 PMCID: PMC5479443 DOI: 10.12659/msm.904177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of CLDN1 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and its mechanism of action in cisplatin resistance. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 55 patients with NSCLC admitted to our hospital between October 2013 and October 2015 were included. NSCLC tissues and tumor-adjacent tissues (≥5 cm from tumor edge) were collected. Among the 55 patients, 37 had adenocarcinoma and 18 had squamous cell carcinoma. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to determine mRNA expression, and protein expression was examined using Western blotting. CCK-8 assay was used to determine cell proliferation and Transwell assay was used to detect migration and invasion of the cells. Confocal microscopy was used to observe autophagosomes. RESULTS Increased CLDN1 expression promoted the development and metastasis of NSCLC. CLDN1 expression in A549/CDDP cells was up-regulated at both transcriptional and translational levels. Reduced CLDN1 expression decreased the drug resistance, proliferation, migration, and invasion abilities of A549/CDDP cells. Decreased CLDN1 expression promoted the apoptosis of A549/CDDP cells. CLDN1 enhanced CDDP drug resistance of A549 cells by activating autophagy. CLDN1 promoted the autophagy of A549 cells by up-regulating the phosphorylation level of ULK1. CONCLUSIONS The present study demonstrates that expression of CLDN1 in NSCLC is up-regulated and it is correlated with clinicopathological features. CLDN1 activates autophagy through up-regulation of ULK1 phosphorylation and promotes drug resistance of NSCLC cells to CDDP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhuan Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Yan Jiang
- Intensive Care Unit, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Wen Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Weili Jing
- Intensive Care Unit, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, P.R. China
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68
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Osanai M. Cellular retinoic acid bioavailability in various pathologies and its therapeutic implication. Pathol Int 2017; 67:281-291. [PMID: 28422378 DOI: 10.1111/pin.12532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Retinoic acid (RA), an active metabolite of vitamin A, is a critical signaling molecule in various cell types. We found that RA depletion caused by expression of the RA-metabolizing enzyme CYP26A1 promotes carcinogenesis, implicating CYP26A1 as a candidate oncogene. Several studies of CYP26s have suggested that the biological effect of RA on target cells is primarily determined by "cellular RA bioavailability", which is defined as the RA level in an individual cell, rather than by the serum concentration of RA. Consistently, stellate cells store approximately 80% of vitamin A in the body, and the state of cellular RA bioavailability regulates their function. Based on the similarities between stellate cells and astrocytes, we demonstrated that retinal astrocytes regulate tight junction-based endothelial integrity in a paracrine manner. Since diabetic retinopathy is characterized by increased vascular permeability in its early pathogenesis, RA normalized retinal astrocytes that are compromised in diabetes, resulting in suppression of vascular leakiness. RA also attenuated the loss of the epithelial barrier in murine experimental colitis. The concept of "cellular RA bioavailability" in various diseases will be directed at understanding various pathologies caused by RA insufficiency, implying the potential feasibility of a therapeutic strategy targeting the stellate cell system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Osanai
- Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
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69
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Rouka E, Vavougios GD, Solenov EI, Gourgoulianis KI, Hatzoglou C, Zarogiannis SG. Transcriptomic Analysis of the Claudin Interactome in Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma: Evaluation of the Effect of Disease Phenotype, Asbestos Exposure, and CDKN2A Deletion Status. Front Physiol 2017; 8:156. [PMID: 28377727 PMCID: PMC5359316 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a highly aggressive tumor primarily associated with asbestos exposure. Early detection of MPM is restricted by the long latency period until clinical presentation, the ineffectiveness of imaging techniques in early stage detection and the lack of non-invasive biomarkers with high sensitivity and specificity. In this study we used transcriptome data mining in order to determine which CLAUDIN (CLDN) genes are differentially expressed in MPM as compared to controls. Using the same approach we identified the interactome of the differentially expressed CLDN genes and assessed their expression profile. Subsequently, we evaluated the effect of tumor histology, asbestos exposure, CDKN2A deletion status, and gender on the gene expression level of the claudin interactome. We found that 5 out of 15 studied CLDNs (4, 5, 8, 10, 15) and 4 out of 27 available interactors (S100B, SHBG, CDH5, CXCL8) were differentially expressed in MPM specimens vs. healthy tissues. The genes encoding the CLDN-15 and S100B proteins present differences in their expression profile between the three histological subtypes of MPM. Moreover, CLDN-15 is significantly under-expressed in the cohort of patients with previous history of asbestos exposure. CLDN-15 was also found significantly underexpressed in patients lacking the CDKN2A gene. These results warrant the detailed in vitro investigation of the role of CDLN-15 in the pathobiology of MPM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erasmia Rouka
- Gradute Program in Primary Health Care, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly Larissa, Greece
| | - Georgios D Vavougios
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, University of Thessaly Medical School Larissa, Greece
| | - Evgeniy I Solenov
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesNovosibirsk, Russia; Department of Physiology, Novosibirsk State UniversityNovosibirsk, Russia
| | - Konstantinos I Gourgoulianis
- Gradute Program in Primary Health Care, Faculty of Medicine, University of ThessalyLarissa, Greece; Department of Respiratory Medicine, University of Thessaly Medical SchoolLarissa, Greece
| | - Chrissi Hatzoglou
- Gradute Program in Primary Health Care, Faculty of Medicine, University of ThessalyLarissa, Greece; Department of Respiratory Medicine, University of Thessaly Medical SchoolLarissa, Greece; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of ThessalyLarissa, Greece
| | - Sotirios G Zarogiannis
- Gradute Program in Primary Health Care, Faculty of Medicine, University of ThessalyLarissa, Greece; Department of Respiratory Medicine, University of Thessaly Medical SchoolLarissa, Greece; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of ThessalyLarissa, Greece
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70
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Günzel D. Claudins: vital partners in transcellular and paracellular transport coupling. Pflugers Arch 2016; 469:35-44. [DOI: 10.1007/s00424-016-1909-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Revised: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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