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Clinicopathological Significance of Vimentin and Cytokeratin Protein in the Genesis of Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Cervix. Obstet Gynecol Int 2016; 2016:8790120. [PMID: 27190522 PMCID: PMC4848446 DOI: 10.1155/2016/8790120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2015] [Revised: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer is one of the commonest types of cancers worldwide especially in developing countries. Intermediate filaments protein family has shown a role in the diagnosis of various cancers, but a few studies are available about the vimentin and cytokeratin roles in the cervical cancer. This case control study aimed to interpret the expression of vimentin and cytokeratin proteins in the development and progression of cervical cancer and its correlation with clinicopathological features. The cytoplasmic expression of vimentin was observed in 40% of cases, but not in inflammatory lesions of cervix. It was noticed that vimentin expression was increasing significantly with high grade of the tumour. Cytokeratin expression was observed in 48.33% and it was noticed that the expression was 62.5% in well differentiated (G1), 45% in moderately differentiated (G2), and 41.66% in poorly differentiated carcinoma, yet statistically insignificant. The expression of vimentin and cytokeratin proteins was not significantly associated with age groups. The current findings concluded a possible role of vimentin in the development and progression of cervical cancer and vimentin marker will be useful in the diagnosis and grading of cervical cancer.
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Kawakubo-Yasukochi T, Morioka M, Hayashi Y, Nishinakagawa T, Hazekawa M, Kawano S, Nakamura S, Nakashima M. The SQUU-B cell line spreads its metastatic properties to nonmetastatic clone SQUU-A from the same patient through exosomes. J Oral Biosci 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2015.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Chaloob MK, Hussein AG, Qasim BJ. Correlation of P16 (Ink4a) and CK17 to HPV (16E6+18E6) in Premalignant and Malignant Lesions of Uterine Cervix: A Clinicopathologic Study. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2016; 11:377-390. [PMID: 28855930 PMCID: PMC5563936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This research was accomplished to evaluate the IHC expression of p16 (ink4a) and CK17 in low grade cervical intraepithelial lesions (LSIL), high grade cervical intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) and invasive cervical carcinomas and to assess their correlation to HPV (16E6+18E6). METHODS The study included (127) formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded cervical biopsies; of which 22 cases were chronic cervicitis, 24 cases were LSIL, 28 cases were HSIL and 53 cases were invasive cervical carcinomas. Sections were immunohistochemically stained for p16 (ink4a), CK17 and HPV (16E6+18E6). RESULTS The study established a highly significant increase in IHC of expression of p16 (ink4a), CK17 and HPV (16E6+18E6) from LSIL through HSIL to invasive carcinomas (P-value˂0.001). There was non-significant association between IHC expression of all makers with age of patients; types, grade and stage of cervical carcinomas (P-value˃0.05). HPV (16E6+18E6) revealed a significantly positive correlation with p16 (ink4a) (P-value˂0.05) and a non- significant correlation with CK17 (P-value˃0.05); in LSIL, HSIL and invasive carcinoma cases. CONCLUSION p16 (ink4a) expression directly reflects infection with high risk HPV in cervical lesions and can add a significant diagnostic accuracy in the evaluation of CIN. CK 17 is a good marker of malignant transformation, with increasing in its expression according to the severity of cervical lesions; however, it is not related to HPV infection. Both markers are not related to prognostic variables of patients with cervical carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alaa G. Hussein
- Dept. of Pathology and Forensic medicine, College of Medicine, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Ban J. Qasim
- Dept. of Pathology and Forensic medicine, College of Medicine, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq
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Garcia NG, Oliveira DT, Lauris JRP, Domingues MAC, Minicucci EM, Soares CT. Loss of cytokeratin 10 indicates malignant transformation in actinic cheilitis. Clin Oral Investig 2015; 20:745-52. [PMID: 26264639 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-015-1557-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2015] [Accepted: 07/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship the expression of cytokeratins (CK10 and CK13) and the cell proliferation index determined by Ki-67 of lip squamous cell carcinoma and actinic cheilitis with different degrees of dysplasia. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty-five paraffin-embedded actinic cheilitis with and without dysplasia and 20 lip squamous cell carcinoma were analyzed by immunohistochemistry using anti-human anti-CK10, anti-CK13, and anti-Ki-67 antibodies. RESULTS The majority of actinic cheilitis showed immunopositivity for CK10 and CK13 with decrease or loss of expression in dysplastic areas. In lip squamous cell carcinoma of the lip, heterogeneous expression of CK13 and immunonegativity for CK10 were observed. There was a statistically significant difference between CK10 expression in lip squamous cell carcinoma and in actinic cheilitis with or without dysplasia (p < 0.001). The cell proliferation index was higher in actinic cheilitis with dysplasia and lip squamous cell carcinoma than in actinic cheilitis without epithelial dysplasia. A significant correlation was found between the intensity of the epithelial dysplasia and the cell proliferation index (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION These results provide evidence that there is a downregulation of CK10 expression in dysplastic areas of patients with actinic cheilitis and in those with lip squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) and that the index of cell proliferation, determined by Ki-67, is directly correlated with the intensity of the epithelial dysplasia. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Altogether, these results suggest that CK10 expression and the epithelial cell proliferation index can help to identify malignant transformation in the lip region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natália Galvão Garcia
- Department of Stomatology, Area of Pathology, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Al. Dr. Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla, 9-75, Bauru, São Paulo, 170120-901, Brazil.
| | - Denise Tostes Oliveira
- Department of Stomatology, Area of Pathology, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Al. Dr. Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla, 9-75, Bauru, São Paulo, 170120-901, Brazil.
| | - José Roberto Pereira Lauris
- Department of Community Dentistry, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Eliana Maria Minicucci
- Department of Pathology, Botucatu School of Medicine, State University of São Paulo, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
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Farrukh S, Syed S, Pervez S. Differential Expression of Cytokeratin 13 in Non-Neoplastic, Dysplastic and Neoplastic Oral Mucosa in a High Risk Pakistani Population. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2015. [PMID: 26225699 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2015.16.13.5489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gradual loss of cytokeratin 13 (CK13) may be linked with the severity of dysplastic changes and transformation to malignancy. In this study we assessed the differential expression of CK13 in normal, hyperplastic, dysplastic and cancerous oral mucosa. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 93 oral biopsies were collected during the 2011-2014 period. The biopsies were characterized as normal (19), hyperplastic (21), severely dysplastic/carcinoma in situ (16) and invasive oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) (37) after morphological assessment. Formalin fixed paraffin embedded sections were stained with a monoclonal antibody against CK13 using the Envision technique. Immunohistochemically stained slides were then analyzed for CK13 expression. RESULTS CK13 was consistently and diffusely expressed in all normal and hyperplastic tissue biopsies from oral mucosa. Severely dysplastic/carcinoma in situ biopsies showed complete loss in 50% of cases, while in the remaining 50% expression was very focal and weak. OSCC cases showed complete or near complete loss of CK13 in all cases. Few cases showed weak expression in keratin pearls only. CONCLUSIONS This study validates the utility of CK13 IHC as a useful immunohistochemical marker in routine diagnostic practice to make distinction between non-neoplastic from dysplastic and neoplastic (malignant) oral lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanniya Farrukh
- Department of Pathology, Ziauddin University, Karachi, Pakistan E-mail :
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Establishment and characterization of human lingual squamous cell carcinoma cell lines designated Nialym derived from metastatic foci of lymph node, and Nialymx derived from transplanted tumor of Nialym cells. Hum Cell 2015; 28:143-53. [PMID: 25711304 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-014-0107-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2014] [Accepted: 12/25/2014] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The squamous cell carcinoma cell lines Nialym was successfully established from metastatic foci of lymph nodes from a 48-year-old male Japanese patient with squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue. In addition, the Nialymx cell line was established from a transplanted tumor of Nialym cells in SCID mice. Nialym cells were angular, with neoplastic and pleomorphic features. Two types of Nialym cell were observed by electron microscopy; light cells and dark cells. The dark cells had a number of waved tonofilaments in the cytoplasm, while light cells showed poorly developed organelles. The population doubling times for Nialym and Nialymx cells were approximately, 46 and 42 h at the 10th passage. Nialym cells secreted 4.8 ng/ml VEGF and 5.9 ng/ml HGF, Nialymx cells also secreted 6.7 ng/ml VEGF and 4.3 ng/ml HGF at the 10th passage for 3 days of culture. Histopathological aspects of Nialym and Nialymx cell lines were similar. We believe that these cell lines are valuable tools for elucidating the mechanisms of cancer metastasis and developing immunotherapy and chemotherapy regimens.
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Toivola DM, Boor P, Alam C, Strnad P. Keratins in health and disease. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2015; 32:73-81. [PMID: 25599598 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2014.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2014] [Revised: 12/09/2014] [Accepted: 12/19/2014] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The cytoprotective keratins (K) compose the intermediate filaments of epithelial cells and their inherited and spontaneous mutations give rise to keratinopathies. For example, mutations in K1/K5/K10/K14 cause epidermal skin diseases whereas simple epithelial K8/K18/K19 variants predispose to development of several liver disorders. Due to their abundance, tissue- and context-specific expression, keratins constitute excellent diagnostic markers of both neoplastic and non-neoplastic diseases. During injury and in disease, keratin expression levels, cellular localization or posttranslational modifications are altered. Accumulating evidence suggests that these changes modulate multiple processes including cell migration, tumor growth/metastasis and development of infections. Therefore, our understanding of keratins is shifting from diagnostic markers to active disease modifiers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana M Toivola
- Department of Biosciences, Cell Biology, Åbo Akademi University and Turku Center for Disease Modeling, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
| | - Peter Boor
- Institute of Pathology and Department of Nephrology, RWTH University, Aachen, Germany; Institute of Molecular Biomedicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Catharina Alam
- Department of Biosciences, Cell Biology, Åbo Akademi University and Turku Center for Disease Modeling, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Pavel Strnad
- IZKF and Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Aachen, Germany.
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Naganuma K, Hatta M, Ikebe T, Yamazaki J. Epigenetic alterations of the keratin 13 gene in oral squamous cell carcinoma. BMC Cancer 2014; 14:988. [PMID: 25527207 PMCID: PMC4364656 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-14-988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2014] [Accepted: 12/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Epigenetic modifications play important roles in the regulation of gene expression determining cellular phenotype as well as various pathologies such as cancer. Although the loss of keratin 13 (KRT13) is reportedly linked to malignant transformation of oral epithelial cells, the molecular mechanisms through which KRT13 is repressed in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remain unclear. The aim of this study is to identify the epigenetic alterations of the KRT13 gene in OSCCs. Methods We investigated KRT13 expression levels and chromatin modifications of the KRT13 promoter in the three OSCC cell lines (HSC4, HSC3, and SAS). The expression levels of KRT13 protein and mRNA were analyzed by western blotting and quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction, respectively, and the localization of KRT13 protein was detected by immunofluorescence. DNA methylation and histone modifications in the KRT13 promoter were determined by bisulfite sequencing and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP), respectively. For the pharmacological depletion of Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2), cells were treated with 3-deazaneplanocin A (DZNep). Results KRT13 expression was transcriptionally silenced in the HSC3 and SAS cells and post-transcriptionally repressed in the HSC4 cells, while the KRT13 promoter was hypermethylated in all of the three OSCC cell lines. ChIP analysis revealed that PRC2-mediated trimethylation of Lys 27 on histone H3 (H3K27me3) was increased in the KRT13 promoter in the HSC3 and SAS cells. Finally, we demonstrated that the treatment of SAS cells with DZNep reactivated the transcription of KRT13 gene. Conclusions Our data provide mechanistic insights into the epigenetic silencing of KRT13 genes in OSCC cells and might be useful for the development of diagnostic markers and novel therapeutic approaches against OSCCs. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1471-2407-14-988) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mitsutoki Hatta
- Department of Physiological Science and Molecular Biology, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka 814-0193, Japan.
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Nakano T, Yamamoto H, Nishijima T, Tamiya S, Shiratsuchi H, Nakashima T, Komune S, Oda Y. Hyalinizing clear cell carcinoma with EWSR1-ATF1 fusion gene: report of three cases with molecular analyses. Virchows Arch 2014; 466:37-43. [DOI: 10.1007/s00428-014-1676-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2014] [Revised: 10/02/2014] [Accepted: 10/20/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Nobusawa A, Sano T, Negishi A, Yokoo S, Oyama T. Immunohistochemical staining patterns of cytokeratins 13, 14, and 17 in oral epithelial dysplasia including orthokeratotic dysplasia. Pathol Int 2014; 64:20-7. [PMID: 24471966 DOI: 10.1111/pin.12125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2013] [Accepted: 12/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Diagnosis of the exact grade of oral epithelial dysplasia is difficult, and interobserver variations in grading are common. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression patterns of cytokeratins (CKs) in dysplastic oral epithelia, to identify useful double immunostaining diagnostic markers. Immunoexpression of CK13, CK14, CK17, and Ki-67 were investigated in 21 normal epithelial specimens and 146 epithelial dysplasia specimens. In epithelial dysplasia specimens, orthokeratotic dysplasia (OKD) was identified using CK10 immunostaining. Most mild dysplasia specimens were CK13+ and CK17-. In moderate dysplasia, CK13 expression tended to be lower and CK17 expression tended to be higher than in mild dysplasia. All carcinoma in situ (CIS) specimens were CK17+. In differentiated type CIS specimens, CK13 expression was weakly positive. Most epithelial dysplasia specimens were CK14+. There were no significant differences in the expression patterns of CKs between OKD and non-OKD specimens in any of the grades of dysplasia. These results indicate that CK14 expression can be used to detect early epithelial dysplasia, and that CK13 and CK17 expression are useful for detecting neoplastic changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiko Nobusawa
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan; Department of Stomatology and Maxillofacial Surgery, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
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Yamada T, Ohno S, Kitamura N, Sasabe E, Yamamoto T. SPARC is associated with carcinogenesis of oral squamous epithelium and consistent with cell competition. Med Mol Morphol 2014; 48:129-37. [PMID: 25311631 DOI: 10.1007/s00795-014-0089-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2014] [Accepted: 09/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The matricellular protein, secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) is thought to be involved in cell competition. The objective of this study is to investigate the role of SPARC in cancerization of oral squamous epithelium. Clinical specimens from 57 pre- and early cancerous lesion, 66 invasive squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and controls were immunostained with SPARC. Clinical features and SPARC expression were evaluated. Furthermore, effects of SPARC knockdown and overexpression were examined in oral cancer and keratinocyte cell lines. Leukoplakia, carcinoma in situ, and early invasive SCC had more SPARC-positive cells than normal mucous epithelium. However, there were no significant differences between leukoplakia, carcinoma in situ, and early SCC, and there were no correlations between SPARC immunoreactivity and prognosis of invasive oral SCCs. Cell proliferation was down-regulated by SPARC siRNA, and enhanced by SPARC transformed keratinocytes. But SPARC overexpression did not enhance cell migration activity. SPARC is induced by dysplastic cells in the early stage of cancerization, and may improve survival capability, but is not involved in malignancy. SPARC may act to escape from elimination by cell competition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Yamada
- Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
| | - Seiji Ohno
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kohasu, Oko-cho, Nankoku, Kochi, 783-8505, Japan
| | - Naoya Kitamura
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kohasu, Oko-cho, Nankoku, Kochi, 783-8505, Japan
| | - Eri Sasabe
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kohasu, Oko-cho, Nankoku, Kochi, 783-8505, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Yamamoto
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kohasu, Oko-cho, Nankoku, Kochi, 783-8505, Japan
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Yagyuu T, Obayashi C, Ueyama Y, Takano M, Tanaka Y, Kawaguchi M, Takeda M, Kasai T, Kirita T. Multivariate analyses of Ki-67, cytokeratin 13 and cytokeratin 17 in diagnosis and prognosis of oral precancerous lesions. J Oral Pathol Med 2014; 44:523-31. [PMID: 25243470 DOI: 10.1111/jop.12262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ki-67, cytokeratin 13, and/or cytokeratin 17 detection by immunohistochemistry has been reported to be useful for the diagnosis of oral precancerous lesions. However, the use of these markers remains controversial because of the lack of appropriately designed statistical studies. We assessed the hypothesis that Ki-67, cytokeratin 13, or cytokeratin 17 immunohistochemistry could facilitate the diagnosis of oral precancerous lesions and/or predict prognosis. METHODS Epithelial dysplasia was classified as low grade (none or mild dysplasia) or high grade (moderate dysplasia, severe dysplasia, or carcinoma in situ). This study included 58 low-grade and 36 high-grade dysplasia cases. We used logistic regression to assess the diagnostic values of Ki-67, cytokeratin 13, and cytokeratin 17 for high-grade dysplasia. Correlations between these markers and the prognosis of oral atypical epithelium were assessed using the Cox proportional hazards model. RESULTS Ki-67 overexpression and cytokeratin 13 loss were independent diagnostic markers for high-grade dysplasia (odds ratios, 1.92 and 2.53; 95% confidence intervals, 1.03-3.58, and 1.19-5.38, respectively). The area under the curve of Ki-67 was 0.73 and that of cytokeratin 13 was 0.72. However, the combination of Ki-67 and cytokeratin 13 yielded the area under the curve of 0.78. Ki-67 overexpression was significantly associated with recurrence and/or malignant transformation of oral atypical epithelium (hazard ratio, 7.25; 95% confidence interval, 1.07-48.92). CONCLUSIONS Ki-67 overexpression and cytokeratin 13 loss may be useful for distinguishing oral precancerous lesions from reactive atypical epithelium. Moreover, Ki-67 overexpression may be a risk factor for recurrence and/or malignant transformation of oral atypical epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Yagyuu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan.,Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Chiho Obayashi
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Ueyama
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Masato Takano
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Yuu Tanaka
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Masahiko Kawaguchi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Maiko Takeda
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Takahiko Kasai
- Department of Pathology and Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tadaaki Kirita
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
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Yamashina M, Sato K, Tonogi M, Tanaka Y, Yamane GY, Katakura A. Evaluation of superficial oral squamous cell malignancy based on morphometry and immunoexpression of cytokeratin 13 and cytokeratin 17. Acta Cytol 2013; 58:67-75. [PMID: 24247036 DOI: 10.1159/000355865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2013] [Accepted: 09/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Evaluation of combined morphometry and immunoexpression of cytokeratin 13 (CK13) and cytokeratin 17 (CK17) for cytological identification of superficial oral squamous cells. STUDY DESIGN Smears from 11 tongue squamous cell carcinoma patients were processed by liquid-based cytology, stained via the Papanicolaou method and divided into multiple specimens by cell transfer. Morphometric indices, including nuclear area, nuclear perimeter, nuclear circular rate, largest-to-smallest dimension ratio of the nucleus and nucleocytoplasmic ratio, were measured using a computerized analysis system. CK13 and CK17 were detected by immunostaining. Morphometric values were compared between cell populations with distinct staining and immunoexpression patterns. RESULTS Most orange G-stained superficial cells were negative for CK13 (99.4%) and CK17 (98.6%). For light green-stained superficial cells, loss of CK13 was associated with greater cellular atypia in the nuclear area, nuclear perimeter and nucleocytoplasmic ratio (p < 0.01), while expression of CK17 was related to higher-grade cellular atypia in the same parameters (p < 0.01) as well as the nuclear circular rate (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Immunoexpression of CK13 and CK17 in light green-stained superficial cells was associated with more severe morphological atypia. Combined morphometry and immunoexpression of CK13 and CK17 might be useful for cytological diagnosis of this cell population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsumasa Yamashina
- Department of Oral Medicine, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tokyo Dental College, Ichikawa, Chiba, Japan
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Chanthammachat P, Promwikorn W, Pruegsanusak K, Roytrakul S, Srisomsap C, Chokchaichamnankit D, Svasti J, Boonyaphiphat P, K S, Thongsuksai P. Comparative proteomic analysis of oral squamous cell carcinoma and adjacent non-tumour tissue from Thailand. Arch Oral Biol 2013; 58:1677-85. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2013.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2013] [Revised: 06/22/2013] [Accepted: 08/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Immunolocalization of vimentin, keratin 17, Ki-67, involucrin, β-catenin and E-cadherin in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. Pathol Oncol Res 2013; 20:263-6. [PMID: 23999979 DOI: 10.1007/s12253-013-9690-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2013] [Accepted: 08/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Skin squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a subtype of very aggressive skin cancers. To investigate if epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a process for epitheloid cells losing their polarity and cohesiveness and transform into spindle-shaped cells, occurs in skin SCC. By using immunofluorescence, we defined the immunolocalization of vimentin, Keratin 17, β-catenin, E-cadherin, Ki-67 and involucrin, in SCC samples. Our results show reduced activity of involucrin and E-cadherin, and increased expression of Ki-67, β-catenin, Keratin 17 and vimentin in SCC. These data propose that EMT really occurs in poorly differentiated SCC and keratin 17 and involucrin may be another two biomarkers for EMT.
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