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Rovers KP, Lurvink RJ, Wassenaar EC, Kootstra TJ, Scholten HJ, Tajzai R, Deenen MJ, Nederend J, Lahaye MJ, Huysentruyt CJ, van 't Erve I, Fijneman RJ, Constantinides A, Kranenburg O, Los M, Thijs AM, Creemers GJM, Burger JW, Wiezer MJ, Boerma D, Nienhuijs SW, de Hingh IH. Repetitive electrostatic pressurised intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy (ePIPAC) with oxaliplatin as a palliative monotherapy for isolated unresectable colorectal peritoneal metastases: protocol of a Dutch, multicentre, open-label, single-arm, phase II study (CRC-PIPAC). BMJ Open 2019; 9:e030408. [PMID: 31352425 PMCID: PMC6661551 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-030408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Repetitive electrostatic pressurised intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy with oxaliplatin (ePIPAC-OX) is offered as a palliative treatment option for patients with isolated unresectable colorectal peritoneal metastases (PM) in several centres worldwide. However, little is known about its feasibility, safety, tolerability, efficacy, costs and pharmacokinetics in this setting. This study aims to explore these parameters in patients with isolated unresectable colorectal PM who receive repetitive ePIPAC-OX as a palliative monotherapy. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This multicentre, open-label, single-arm, phase II study is performed in two Dutch tertiary referral hospitals for the surgical treatment of colorectal PM. Eligible patients are adults who have histologically or cytologically proven isolated unresectable PM of a colorectal or appendiceal carcinoma, a good performance status, adequate organ functions and no symptoms of gastrointestinal obstruction. Instead of standard palliative treatment, enrolled patients receive laparoscopy-controlled ePIPAC-OX (92 mg/m2 body surface area (BSA)) with intravenous leucovorin (20 mg/m2 BSA) and bolus 5-fluorouracil (400 mg/m2 BSA) every 6 weeks. Four weeks after each procedure, patients undergo clinical, radiological and biochemical evaluation. ePIPAC-OX is repeated until disease progression, after which standard palliative treatment is (re)considered. The primary outcome is the number of patients with major toxicity (grade ≥3 according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events v4.0) up to 4 weeks after the last ePIPAC-OX. Secondary outcomes are the environmental safety of ePIPAC-OX, procedure-related characteristics, minor toxicity, postoperative complications, hospital stay, readmissions, quality of life, costs, pharmacokinetics of oxaliplatin, progression-free survival, overall survival, and the radiological, histopathological, cytological, biochemical and macroscopic tumour response. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This study is approved by an ethics committee, the Dutch competent authority and the institutional review boards of both study centres. Results are intended for publication in peer-reviewed medical journals and for presentation to patients, healthcare professionals and other stakeholders. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT03246321, Pre-results; ISRCTN89947480, Pre-results; NTR6603, Pre-results; EudraCT: 2017-000927-29, Pre-results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koen P Rovers
- Department of Surgery, Catharina Hospital, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Robin J Lurvink
- Department of Surgery, Catharina Hospital, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Emma Ce Wassenaar
- Department of Surgery, Sint Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas Jm Kootstra
- Department of Surgery, Sint Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
| | - Harm J Scholten
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Catharina Hospital, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Rudaba Tajzai
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Catharina Hospital, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten J Deenen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Catharina Hospital, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Joost Nederend
- Department of Radiology, Catharina Hospital, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Max J Lahaye
- Department of Radiology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Iris van 't Erve
- Department of Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Remond Ja Fijneman
- Department of Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Maartje Los
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sint Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
| | - Anna Mj Thijs
- Department of Medical Oncology, Catharina Hospital, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | | | - Jacobus Wa Burger
- Department of Surgery, Catharina Hospital, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Marinus J Wiezer
- Department of Surgery, Sint Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
| | - Djamila Boerma
- Department of Surgery, Sint Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
| | - Simon W Nienhuijs
- Department of Surgery, Catharina Hospital, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Ignace Hjt de Hingh
- Department of Surgery, Catharina Hospital, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- GROW - School for Oncology and Development Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
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Shariati M, Willaert W, Ceelen W, De Smedt SC, Remaut K. Aerosolization of Nanotherapeutics as a Newly Emerging Treatment Regimen for Peritoneal Carcinomatosis. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11070906. [PMID: 31261685 PMCID: PMC6678324 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11070906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in locoregional chemotherapy have opened the door to new approaches for the clinical management of peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC) by facilitating the delivery of anti-neoplastic agents directly to the tumor site, while mitigating adverse effects typically associated with systemic administration. In particular, an innovative intra-abdominal chemotherapeutic approach, known as Pressurized Intraperitoneal Aerosol Chemotherapy (PIPAC), was recently introduced to the intraperitoneal (IP) therapy regimens as a palliative therapeutic option in patients with PC, presumably providing a better drug distribution pattern together with deeper drug penetration into tumor nodules within the peritoneal space. Furthermore, the progress of nanotechnology in the past few decades has prompted the application of different nanomaterials in IP cancer therapy, offering new possibilities in this field ranging from an extended retention time to sustained drug release in the peritoneal cavity. This review highlights the progress, challenges, and opportunities in utilizing cancer nanotherapeutics for locoregional drug delivery, with a special emphasis on the aerosolization approach for intraperitoneal therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molood Shariati
- Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Wouter Willaert
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery, Department of Surgery, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Wim Ceelen
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery, Department of Surgery, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Stefaan C De Smedt
- Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Katrien Remaut
- Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
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Robella M, Vaira M, Argenziano M, Spagnolo R, Cavalli R, Borsano A, Gentilli S, De Simone M. Exploring the Use of Pegylated Liposomal Doxorubicin (Caelyx ®) as Pressurized Intraperitoneal Aerosol Chemotherapy. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:669. [PMID: 31293417 PMCID: PMC6603215 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Peritoneal carcinomatosis is a common metastatic pattern in ovarian, gastric, colorectal, and appendiceal cancer; systemic chemotherapy is the current standard of care for peritoneal metastatic disease; however, in a subset of patients its beneficial effect remains questionable. More effective perioperative chemotherapy is needed. Materials and methods: Pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy (PIPAC) is a new treatment that applies chemotherapeutic drugs into the peritoneal cavity as an aerosol under pressure. It’s a safe and feasible approach that improves local bioavailability of chemotherapeutic drugs as compared with conventional intraperitoneal chemotherapy. Till now the drugs used in PIPAC for the treatment of the peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC) are cisplatin, doxorubicin, and oxaliplatin; as of yet, there are no in vivo data comparing different drug formulations and dosage schedules of PIPAC. Pegylated liposomal doxorubicin 1.5 mg/sm was aerosolized in PIPAC procedures. Results: Pharmacokinetics analysis of 10 procedures performed with conventional doxorubicin solution at the dose of 1.5 mg/m2 were compared to 15 procedures with the same dose of pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD). Significant differences between experimental groups were detected by one-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni correction; a p value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. A statistically different doxorubicin tissue concentration was observed for the doxorubicin solution compared to pegylated liposomal doxorubicin in the right parietal peritoneum and right diaphragm. In the Caelyx® series a mean tissue concentration of 1.27 ± 1.33 mg/g was reported, while in the second one we registered a mean concentration of 3.1 ± 3.7 mg/g. Conclusions: The delivery of nano-particles in PIPAC was feasible, but pegylated liposomal concentrations are lower than standard doxorubicin formulation. Probably mechanical and physical properties of pressurized aerosol chemotherapy might alter their stability and cause structural disintegration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Robella
- Unit of Surgical Oncology, Candiolo Cancer Institute, IRCCS-FPO, Candiolo, Italy
| | - Marco Vaira
- Unit of Surgical Oncology, Candiolo Cancer Institute, IRCCS-FPO, Candiolo, Italy
| | - Monica Argenziano
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Rita Spagnolo
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Roberta Cavalli
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Alice Borsano
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Sergio Gentilli
- General Surgery Unit, Department of Health Science, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Michele De Simone
- Unit of Surgical Oncology, Candiolo Cancer Institute, IRCCS-FPO, Candiolo, Italy
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High Pressure Nebulization (PIPAC) Versus Injection for the Intraperitoneal Administration of mRNA Complexes. Pharm Res 2019; 36:126. [PMID: 31236829 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-019-2646-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy (PIPAC) is a novel technique delivering drugs into the abdominal cavity as an aerosol under high pressure. It is hypothesized to have advantages such as enhancing tissue uptake, distributing drugs homogeneously within the closed and expanded abdominal cavity and higher local concentration of drugs in the peritoneal cavity. However, the clinical trials of PIPAC so far are limited to liquid chemotherapeutic solution, and the applicability of biomolecules (such as mRNA, siRNA and oligonucleotide) is not known. We aimed to investigate the feasibility of administrating mRNA lipoplexes to the peritoneal cavity via high pressure nebulization. METHODS We firstly investigated the influences of nebulization on physicochemical properties and in vitro transfection efficiency of mRNA lipoplexes. Then, mRNA lipoplexes were delivered to healthy rats through intravenous injection, intraperitoneal injection and PIPAC, respectively. RESULTS mRNA lipoplexes can withstand the high pressure applied during the PIPAC procedure in vitro. Bioluminescence localized to the peritoneal cavity of rats after administration by IP injection and nebulization, while intravenous injection mainly induced protein expression in the spleen. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that local nebulization is feasible to apply mRNA complexes in the peritoneal cavity during a PIPAC procedure.
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Willaert W, Van de Sande L, Van Daele E, Van De Putte D, Van Nieuwenhove Y, Pattyn P, Ceelen W. Safety and preliminary efficacy of electrostatic precipitation during pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy (PIPAC) for unresectable carcinomatosis. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY 2019; 45:2302-2309. [PMID: 31221459 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2019.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy (PIPAC) was recently introduced to treat unresectable peritoneal metastases. Adding an electrostatic field may enhance charged droplet precipitation and tissue penetration, resulting in improved anticancer efficacy. We report for the first time its safety and preliminary efficacy. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients underwent PIPAC combined with an electrostatic field, using the Ultravision™ apparatus. Adverse events were scored with the Common Terminology Criteria. Treatment response was assessed after more than one PIPAC, using clinical symptoms, tumor markers, CT imaging and histological regression. RESULTS Forty-eight patients (median age, 61 y) with diverse primary tumors underwent 135 procedures (median per patient, 3). Most (65.2%) were treated as outpatient. Twenty-eight (58.3%) patients received concomitant chemotherapy. The most frequent treatment-related toxicities were anemia (grade 1 to 3, 13 [9.6%]), ileus (grade 1 to 3, 5 [3.7%]), anorexia (grade 1 to 3, 6 [4.4%]), nausea (grade 1 to 3, 5 [3.7%]) and vomiting (grade 1 to 3, 7 [5.2%]). There was no grade 4 or 5 morbidity. Twenty (41.7%) patients did not complete three treatments, mainly because of disease progression (n = 13). After two procedures, there were one responder and 8 non-responders. After three treatments, we observed 11 responders, two patients with stable disease, and 15 non-responders. All but one patient with therapy response received simultaneous chemotherapy. CONCLUSION Electrostatic precipitation during PIPAC is well tolerated and safe. After three procedures and concomitant chemotherapy, response or stable disease is achieved in approximately half of cases. These findings warrant prospective trials in homogeneous patient cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Willaert
- Department of Gastro-intestinal Surgery, Ghent University Hospital, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium; Laboratory of Experimental Surgery, Department of Human Structure and Repair, Ghent University, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - L Van de Sande
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery, Department of Human Structure and Repair, Ghent University, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium; Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, Belgium
| | - E Van Daele
- Department of Gastro-intestinal Surgery, Ghent University Hospital, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - D Van De Putte
- Department of Gastro-intestinal Surgery, Ghent University Hospital, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Y Van Nieuwenhove
- Department of Gastro-intestinal Surgery, Ghent University Hospital, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - P Pattyn
- Department of Gastro-intestinal Surgery, Ghent University Hospital, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - W Ceelen
- Department of Gastro-intestinal Surgery, Ghent University Hospital, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium; Laboratory of Experimental Surgery, Department of Human Structure and Repair, Ghent University, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium; Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, Belgium
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Struller F, Horvath P, Solass W, Weinreich FJ, Strumberg D, Kokkalis MK, Fischer I, Meisner C, Königsrainer A, Reymond MA. Pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy with low-dose cisplatin and doxorubicin (PIPAC C/D) in patients with gastric cancer and peritoneal metastasis: a phase II study. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2019; 11:1758835919846402. [PMID: 31205501 PMCID: PMC6535725 DOI: 10.1177/1758835919846402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Efficacy of second-line systemic chemotherapy in recurrent gastric cancer with peritoneal metastasis (RGCPM) is limited. We assessed the feasibility, safety and possible efficacy of pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy (PIPAC) in patients with RGCPM after ⩾1 line of palliative intravenous chemotherapy. Methods: In this open-label, single-arm, monocentric phase II ICH-GCP clinical trial, patients were scheduled for three courses of PIPAC with cisplatin 7.5 mg/m2 and doxorubicin 1.5 mg/m2 (PIPAC C/D) every 6 weeks. Patients with bowel obstruction or extraperitoneal metastasis were ineligible. The primary endpoint was clinical benefit rate (CBR) by Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors based on clinical records. Secondary endpoints included overall survival (OS), median time to progression (TTP), peritoneal carcinomatosis index (PCI), histological regression and ascites volume. Safety and tolerability were assessed by Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) version 4, quality of life (QoL) by EORTC-QLQ30 questionnaire. Results: A total of 25 patients were enrolled and available for the analysis of the primary endpoint. Of those 25 patients, 10 (40%) had a radiological complete, partial response or stable disease. Median OS [intention to treat (ITT)] was 6.7 months, median TTP was 2.7 months. Complete or major regression on histology were observed in 9/25 patients (36%, ITT) or 6/6 [100%, per protocol (PP)] patients. There were no suspected unexpected serious adverse reactions, no treatment-related deaths, no CTCAE grade 4 toxicity and three (12%) grade 3 toxicities. Changes in the QLQ-C30 scores during PIPAC C/D therapy were small and not significant. Conclusions: PIPAC C/D was well tolerated and active in patients with RGCPM. Survival was encouraging. Randomized controlled trials should now be designed in this indication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Struller
- Department of General and Transplant Surgery, Tübingen, University Hospital, Hoppe-Seyler-Strasse 3, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Philipp Horvath
- Department of General and Transplant Surgery, University Hospital Tübingen, Germany
| | - Wiebke Solass
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Dirk Strumberg
- Department of Medical Oncology, Marien Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Germany
| | - Marios K Kokkalis
- Department of General and Transplant Surgery, University Hospital Tübingen, Germany
| | - Imma Fischer
- Institute for Clinical Epidemiology and Applied Biometrics, University Hospital Tübingen, Germany
| | - Christoph Meisner
- Institute for Clinical Epidemiology and Applied Biometrics, University Hospital Tübingen, Germany
| | - Alfred Königsrainer
- Department of General and Transplant Surgery, University Hospital Tübingen, Germany
| | - Marc A Reymond
- Department of General and Transplant Surgery, University Hospital Tübingen, Germany National Center for Pleura and Peritoneum, University Hospital, Tübingen, Germany
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Sgarbura O, Hübner M, Alyami M, Eveno C, Gagnière J, Pache B, Pocard M, Bakrin N, Quénet F. Oxaliplatin use in pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy (PIPAC) is safe and effective: A multicenter study. Eur J Surg Oncol 2019; 45:2386-2391. [PMID: 31092362 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2019.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy (PIPAC) is a new drug delivery method used in patients with peritoneal cancer (PC) of primary or secondary origin. Intraperitoneal use of oxaliplatin raises concerns about toxicity, especially abdominal pain. The objective of this study was to assess the tolerance of PIPAC with oxaliplatin (PIPAC-Ox) in a large cohort of patients and to identify the risk factors for high grade toxicity, discontinuation of treatment and impaired survival. MATERIAL AND METHODS This retrospective cohort study included all consecutive patients treated with PIPAC-Ox (92 mg/m2) in five centers specialized in the treatment of PC. The procedure was repeated every 6 weeks. Outcomes of interest were Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE), symptoms and survival (Kaplan-Meier). Univariate risk factors were included in a multinominal regression model to control for bias. RESULTS Overall, 251 PIPAC-Ox treatments were performed in 101 patients (45 female) having unresectable PC of various origins: 66 colorectal, 15 gastric, 5 ovarian, 3 mesothelioma, 2 pseudomyxoma, 10 other malignancies (biliary, pancreatic, endocrine) respectively. The median PCI was 19 (IQR: 10-28). Postoperative abdominal pain was present in 23 patients. Out of the 9 patients with grade 3 abdominal pain, only 3 needed a change of PIPAC drug. CTCAE 4.0 toxicity grade 4 or higher was encountered in 16(15.9%) patients. The patients had a mean of 2.5 procedures/patient (SD = 1.5). 50 subjects presented with symptom improvement. CONCLUSIONS Oxaliplatin-based PIPAC appears to be a safe treatment that offers good symptom control and promising survival for patients with advanced peritoneal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia Sgarbura
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Cancer Institute Montpellier (ICM), Montpellier, France; University of Montpellier, France.
| | - Martin Hübner
- Department of Visceral Surgery, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Mohammad Alyami
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Lyon Sud University Hospital, Pierre Benite, France; Department of General Surgery and Surgical Oncology, King Khalid Hospital, Najran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Clarisse Eveno
- Department of General Surgery, University Hospital Lille, Lille, France
| | - Johan Gagnière
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Basile Pache
- Department of Visceral Surgery, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marc Pocard
- INSERM U1275, CAP Paris-Tech, Carcinomatosis Peritoneum Paris Technology, Lariboisière Hospital, AP-HP, Paris 7- Diderot University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France
| | - Naoual Bakrin
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Lyon Sud University Hospital, Pierre Benite, France
| | - François Quénet
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Cancer Institute Montpellier (ICM), Montpellier, France; University of Montpellier, France
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Van de Sande L, Willaert W, Cosyns S, De Clercq K, Shariati M, Remaut K, Ceelen W. Establishment of a rat ovarian peritoneal metastasis model to study pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy (PIPAC). BMC Cancer 2019; 19:424. [PMID: 31064330 PMCID: PMC6503553 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-5658-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy (PIPAC), with or without electrostatic precipitation (ePIPAC), was recently introduced in the treatment of peritoneal metastases (PM) from ovarian cancer (OC). Preliminary clinical data are promising, but several methodological issues as well the anticancer efficacy of PIPAC remain unaddressed. Here, we propose a rat ePIPAC model that allows to study these issues in a clinically relevant, reproducible, and high throughput model. METHODS laparoscopy and PIPAC were established in healthy Wistar rats. Aerosol properties were measured using laser diffraction spectrometry based granulometric analyses. Electrostatic precipitation was accomplished using a commercially available generator (Ultravision™). A xenograft model of ovarian PM was created in athymic rats using intraperitoneal (IP) injection of SKOV-3 luciferase positive cells. Tumor growth was monitored weekly by in vivo bioluminescence imaging. RESULTS PIPAC and electrostatic precipitation were well tolerated using a capnoperitoneum of 8 mmHg. All rats survived the (e)PIPAC procedure and no gas or aerosol leakage was observed over the entire procedure. With an injection pressure of 20 bar, granulometry showed a mean droplet diameter (D(v,0.5)) of 47 μm with a flow rate of 0.5 mL/s, and a significantly lower diameter (30 μm) when a flow rate of 0.8 mL/s was used. Experiments using IP injection of SKOV-3 luciferase positive cells showed that after IP injection of 20 × 106 cells, miliary PM was observed in all animals. PIPAC was feasible and well supported in these tumor bearing animals. CONCLUSIONS we propose a reproducible and efficient rodent model to study PIPAC and ePIPAC in OC xenografts with widespread PM. This model allows to characterize and optimize pharmacokinetic and biophysical parameters, and to evaluate the anti-cancer efficacy of (e)PIPAC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leen Van de Sande
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery, Department of Human Structure and Repair, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Wouter Willaert
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery, Department of Human Structure and Repair, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sarah Cosyns
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery, Department of Human Structure and Repair, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kaat De Clercq
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmaceutics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Molood Shariati
- Laboratory for General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Katrien Remaut
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Laboratory for General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Wim Ceelen
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery, Department of Human Structure and Repair, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium. .,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium. .,Department of GI Surgery, Ghent University Hospital, route 1275, C. Heymanslaan 10, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium.
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Solass W, Sempoux C, Carr NJ, Bibeau F, Neureiter D, Jäger T, Di Caterino T, Brunel C, Klieser E, Fristrup CW, Mortensen MB, Detlefsen S. Reproducibility of the peritoneal regression grading score for assessment of response to therapy in peritoneal metastasis. Histopathology 2019; 74:1014-1024. [PMID: 30687944 DOI: 10.1111/his.13829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The four-tiered peritoneal regression grading score (PRGS) assesses the response to chemotherapy in peritoneal metastasis (PM). The PRGS is used, for example, to assess the response to pressurised intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy (PIPAC). However, the reproducibility of the PRGS is currently unknown. We aimed to evaluate the inter- and intraobserver variability of the PRGS. METHODS AND RESULTS Thirty-three patients who underwent at least three PIPAC treatments as part of the PIPAC-OPC1 or PIPAC-OPC2 clinical trials at Odense University Hospital, Denmark, were included. Prior to each therapy cycle, peritoneal quadrant biopsies were obtained and three haematoxylin and eosin (H&E)-stained step sections were scanned and uploaded to a pseudonymised web library. For determining interobserver variability, eight pathologists assessed the PRGS for each quadrant biopsy, and Krippendorff's alpha and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were calculated. For determining intraobserver variability, three pathologists repeated their own assessments and Cohen's kappa and ICCs were calculated. A total of 331 peritoneal biopsies were analysed. Interobserver variability for PRGS of each biopsy and for the mean and maximum PRGS per biopsy set was moderate to good/substantial. The intraobserver variability for PRGS of each biopsy and for the mean and maximum PRGS per biopsy set was good to excellent/almost perfect. CONCLUSIONS Our data support the PRGS as a reproducible and useful tool to assess response to intraperitoneal chemotherapy in PM. Future studies should evaluate the prognostic and predictive role of the PRGS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wiebke Solass
- Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology, Eberhard-Karls-University Tuebingen and National Center for Pleura and Peritoneum, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Christine Sempoux
- Service of Clinical Pathology, Institute of Pathology, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Norman J Carr
- Peritoneal Malignancy Institute, Basingstoke and North Hampshire Hospital, Basingstoke, UK
| | - Frederic Bibeau
- Institute of Pathology, University Caen and Réseau National des Tumeurs Rares du Péritoine (RENAPE), Caen, France
| | - Daniel Neureiter
- Institute of Pathology, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburger Landeskliniken (SALK), Salzburg, Austria
| | - Tarkan Jäger
- Department of Surgery, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Tina Di Caterino
- Department of Pathology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Christophe Brunel
- Service of Clinical Pathology, Institute of Pathology, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Eckhard Klieser
- Institute of Pathology, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburger Landeskliniken (SALK), Salzburg, Austria
| | - Claus W Fristrup
- Odense PIPAC Center (OPC) and Odense Pancreas Center (OPAC), Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.,Department of Surgery, HPB and Upper GI Section, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Michael B Mortensen
- Odense PIPAC Center (OPC) and Odense Pancreas Center (OPAC), Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.,Department of Surgery, HPB and Upper GI Section, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.,Institute of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Sönke Detlefsen
- Department of Pathology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.,Odense PIPAC Center (OPC) and Odense Pancreas Center (OPAC), Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.,Institute of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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Kurtz F, Struller F, Horvath P, Solass W, Bösmüller H, Königsrainer A, Reymond MA. Feasibility, Safety, and Efficacy of Pressurized Intraperitoneal Aerosol Chemotherapy (PIPAC) for Peritoneal Metastasis: A Registry Study. Gastroenterol Res Pract 2018; 2018:2743985. [PMID: 30473706 PMCID: PMC6220392 DOI: 10.1155/2018/2743985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Revised: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy (PIPAC) is a novel drug delivery system with superior pharmacological properties for treating peritoneal metastasis (PM). Safety and efficacy results of PIPAC with cisplatin/doxorubicin or oxaliplatin from a registry cohort are presented. METHODS IRB-approved registry study. Retrospective analysis. No predefined inclusion criteria, individual therapeutic recommendation by the interdisciplinary tumor board. Safety assessment with CTCAE 4.0. Histological assessment of tumor response by an independent pathologist using the 4-tied peritoneal regression grading system (PRGS). Mean PRGS and ascites volume were assessed at each PIPAC. RESULTS A total of 142 PIPAC procedures were scheduled in 71 consecutive patients with PM from gastric (n = 26), colorectal (n = 17), hepatobiliary/pancreatic (n = 9), ovarian (n = 6), appendiceal (n = 5) origin, pseudomyxoma peritonei (n = 4), and other tumors (n = 3). Mean age was 58 ± 13 years. Patients were heavily pretreated. Mean PCI was 19 ± 13. Laparoscopic nonaccess rate was 11/142 procedures (7.7%). Mean number of PIPAC/patient was 2. All patients were eligible for safety analysis. There was no procedure-related mortality. There were 2.8% intraoperative and 4.9% postoperative complications. 39 patients underwent more than one PIPAC and were eligible for efficacy analysis, and PRGS could be assessed in 36 of them. In 24 patients (67%), PRGS improved or remained unchanged at PIPAC#2, reflecting tumor regression or stable disease. Ascites was present in 24 patients and diminished significantly under therapy. Median survival was 11.8 months (95% CI: 7.45-16.2 months) from PIPAC#1. CONCLUSION PIPAC is feasible, safe, and well-tolerated and can induce histological regression in a significant proportion of pretreated PM patients. This trial is registered with NCT03210298.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Kurtz
- Dept. of General Surgery, Karls-Eberhard University Tübingen, Germany
| | - Florian Struller
- Dept. of General Surgery, Karls-Eberhard University Tübingen, Germany
| | - Philipp Horvath
- Dept. of General Surgery, Karls-Eberhard University Tübingen, Germany
| | - Wiebke Solass
- Institute of Pathology, Karls-Eberhard University Tübingen, Germany
| | - Hans Bösmüller
- Institute of Pathology, Karls-Eberhard University Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Marc A. Reymond
- Dept. of General Surgery, Karls-Eberhard University Tübingen, Germany
- National Center for Pleura and Peritoneum, Comprehensive Cancer Center South-Western Germany, Tübingen, Stuttgart, Germany
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Mikolajczyk A, Khosrawipour V, Schubert J, Grzesiak J, Chaudhry H, Pigazzi A, Khosrawipour T. Effect of Liposomal Doxorubicin in Pressurized Intra-Peritoneal Aerosol Chemotherapy (PIPAC). J Cancer 2018; 9:4301-4305. [PMID: 30519333 PMCID: PMC6277654 DOI: 10.7150/jca.26860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: This ex-vivo study was performed to compare the impact of doxorubicin vs. liposomal doxorubicin on penetration depth in peritoneal tissue during Pressurized Intra-Peritoneal Aerosol Chemotherapy (PIPAC) via microcatheter (MC). Methods: Fresh post mortem swine peritoneum was cut into proportional sections. One group of samples was treated with PIPAC with Doxorubicin (D), and the other was treated with PIPAC with liposomal doxorubicin (LD). Tissue specimens were placed as follows: at the bottom of the plastic box (1), at the side wall (2), at the top cover (3) and the side of the box covered by a plastic tunnel (4). In-tissue doxorubicin penetration was measured using fluorescence microscopy on frozen thin sections. Results: Medium penetration levels with D were 325 µm (1), 152 µm (2), 84 µm (3) and 71 µm (4), respectively. Medium penetration levels with LD were significantly lower with 10 µm (1), 2 µm (2), 0 µm (3) and 0 µm (4), respectively. In most samples that were treated with LD no doxorubicin could be detected at all. Conclusion: Our data indicate that liposomal coating of doxorubicin and possibly other chemotherapeutical drugs might inhibit their interaction with the peritoneal surface. This inhibition appears to be relatively strong, since doxorubicin is partially undetectable due to liposomal coating. Further studies are warranted to investigate this interaction and its potential benefit in peritoneal applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Mikolajczyk
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Veria Khosrawipour
- Department of Orthopedic and Trauma Surgery, Ortho-Klinik Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Justyna Schubert
- Department of Food Hygiene and Consumer Health Protection, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Jakub Grzesiak
- Electron Microscopy Laboratory, Wroclaw Research Centre EIT+, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Haris Chaudhry
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of California Irvine (UCI), California, USA
| | - Alessio Pigazzi
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of California Irvine (UCI), California, USA
| | - Tanja Khosrawipour
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of California Irvine (UCI), California, USA.,Department of Surgery (A), Heinrich-Heine-University and University Hospital Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
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Kim G, Tan HL, Chen E, Teo SC, Jang CJM, Ho J, Ang Y, Ngoi NYL, Chee CE, Lieske B, Shabbir A, Wang LZ, So JBY, Yong WP. Study protocol: phase 1 dose escalating study of Pressurized Intra-Peritoneal Aerosol Chemotherapy (PIPAC) with oxaliplatin in peritoneal metastasis. Pleura Peritoneum 2018; 3:20180118. [PMID: 30911663 PMCID: PMC6405005 DOI: 10.1515/pp-2018-0118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pressurized Intra-Peritoneal Aerosol Chemotherapy (PIPAC) is a novel laparoscopic intraperitoneal chemotherapy technique, with advantages such as homogeneous distribution of aerosol and deeper tissue penetration. Thus far, PIPAC oxaliplatin has been administered at an arbitrary dose of 92 mg/m2. AIM We aim to determine the dose-related safety profile and tolerability of PIPAC oxaliplatin using an evidence-based approach. The secondary aim is to evaluate clinic-pathologic response and the pharmacokinetic profile. METHODS This is a phase I 3+3 dose escalation study for gastric and colorectal cancer with predominant peritoneal metastasis starting at a dose of 45 mg/m2. Safety is assessed according to Clavien-Dindo Classification and Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (version 4.0). Clinico-pathologic response is assessed using the Peritoneal Regression Grading Score, Peritoneal Cancer Index, and Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumour criteria (version 1.1). Pharmacokinetic analysis is performed using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry assay. This trial is registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03172416). CONCLUSIONS This phase I study can provide the scientific basis to identify the optimal dose for PIPAC with oxaliplatin such that the benefits of this novel and promising intraperitoneal chemotherapy delivery technique can be maximized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guowei Kim
- University Surgical Cluster, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hon Lyn Tan
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Elya Chen
- Department of Surgery, National University of Singapore, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Siok Chin Teo
- Department of Surgery, National University of Singapore, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Clarisse Jia Min Jang
- Department of Surgery, National University of Singapore, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jingshan Ho
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yvonne Ang
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Natalie Yan Li Ngoi
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Cheng Ean Chee
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Bettina Lieske
- University Surgical Cluster, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Asim Shabbir
- University Surgical Cluster, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ling-Zhi Wang
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jimmy Bok Yan So
- Department of Surgery, National University of Singapore, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wei Peng Yong
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, Singapore, Singapore
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Tempfer C, Giger-Pabst U, Hilal Z, Dogan A, Rezniczek GA. Pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy (PIPAC) for peritoneal carcinomatosis: systematic review of clinical and experimental evidence with special emphasis on ovarian cancer. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2018; 298:243-257. [PMID: 29869089 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-018-4784-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Systemic chemotherapy is not effective in patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC) and only a minority of affected patients is eligible for cytoreductive surgery. Intraperitoneal chemotherapy may provide a therapy alternative for these patients. METHODS We performed a systematic review of clinical and experimental evidence on the safety and efficacy of pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy (PIPAC) in patients with PC and provide clinical recommendations based on the available evidence. RESULTS Fifty-eight reports were identified, categorized as experimental (18 reports), clinical (28 reports), and other articles (14 reports). Experimental studies demonstrated improved tissue penetration and peritoneal coverage. The 28 clinical studies reported on 3515 procedures in 1547 patients with PC of various primary tumors with 16 of these studies reporting on patients with ovarian cancer. Toxicity was manageable. Based on 1197 patients in 22 studies, adverse events CTCAE grades 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 were observed in 537 (45%), 167 (14%), 83 (7%), 10 (0.8%), and 19 (1.6%) cases, respectively. In a pooled analysis, the objective tumor response rate was 69% and the mean overall survival duration was 13.7 months. No significant hepatic, renal, or hematologic toxicity was described. PIPAC maintained and/or improved quality of life, as reported in 10 studies with 396 patients. CONCLUSIONS Available evidence from controlled trials (phase I and phase II) and retrospective cohort studies in > 1500 patients unequivocally demonstrates that PIPAC is feasible, safe, and effective. PIPAC maintains quality of life in patients with recurrent cancer and PC. PIPAC is as evidence-based as any other treatment in women with ovarian cancer and PC beyond the third line of systemic chemotherapy and can be recommended in this indication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clemens Tempfer
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Marien Hospital Herne, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Hölkeskampring 40, 44625, Herne, Germany.
| | - Urs Giger-Pabst
- Department of Surgery, Marien Hospital Herne, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Herne, Germany
| | - Ziad Hilal
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Marien Hospital Herne, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Hölkeskampring 40, 44625, Herne, Germany
| | - Askin Dogan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Marien Hospital Herne, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Hölkeskampring 40, 44625, Herne, Germany
| | - Günther A Rezniczek
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Marien Hospital Herne, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Hölkeskampring 40, 44625, Herne, Germany
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Oliver Goetze T, Al-Batran SE, Pabst U, Reymond M, Tempfer C, Bechstein WO, Bankstahl U, Gockel I, Königsrainer A, Kraus T, Mönig SP, Rau B, Schwarzbach M, Piso P. Pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy (PIPAC) in combination with standard of care chemotherapy in primarily untreated chemo naïve upper gi-adenocarcinomas with peritoneal seeding - a phase II/III trial of the AIO/CAOGI/ACO. Pleura Peritoneum 2018; 3:20180113. [PMID: 30911658 PMCID: PMC6404998 DOI: 10.1515/pp-2018-0113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peritoneal metastasis is a common and dismal evolution of several gastrointestinal (GI) tumors, including gastric, colorectal, hepatobiliary, pancreatic, and other cancers. The therapy of peritoneal metastasis is largely palliative; with the aim of prolonging life and preserving its quality. In the meantime, a significant pharmacological advantage of intraperitoneal chemotherapy was documented in the preclinical model, and numerous clinical studies have delivered promising clinical results. METHODS This is a prospective, open, randomized multicenter phase III clinical study with two arms that aims to evaluate the effects of pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy (PIPAC) combined with systemic chemotherapy vs. intravenous systemic chemotherapy alone on patients with metastatic upper GI tumors with a peritoneal seeding. Upper GI-adenocarcinomas originated from biliary tract, pancreas and stomach, or esophago- gastric junction are eligible. Patients in the study are treated with standard of care systemic palliative chemotherapy (mFOLFOX6) vs. PIPAC with intravenous (i.v.) chemotherapy (mFOLFOX6). Patients in first line with first diagnosed peritoneal seeding are eligible. Primary outcome is progression free survival (PFS). CONCLUSIONS PIPAC-procedure is explicit a palliative method but it delivers cytotoxic therapy like in hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC)-procedure directly to the tumor in a minimally invasive technique, without the need for consideration of the peritoneal-plasma barrier. The technique of PIPAC is minimally invasive and very gentle and the complete procedure takes only round about 45 min and, therefore, optimal in a clearly palliative situation where cure is not the goal. It is also ideal for using this approach in a first line situation, where deepest response should be achieved. The symbiosis of systemic therapy and potentially effective surgery has to be well-planned without deterioration of the patient due to aggressive way of surgery like in cytoreductive surgery (CRS)+HIPEC. TRIAL REGISTRATION EudraCT: 2018-001035-40.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thorsten Oliver Goetze
- Institute of Clinical Cancer Research (IKF), UCT- University Cancer Center Frankfurt, Krankenhaus Nordwest, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Salah-Eddin Al-Batran
- Institute of Clinical Cancer Research (IKF), UCT- University Cancer Center Frankfurt, Krankenhaus Nordwest, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Urs Pabst
- Klinik für Chirurgie Marien Hospital Herne, Universitätsklinikum der Ruhr-Universität BochumHerne, Herne, Germany
| | - Marc Reymond
- Chirurgische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Clemens Tempfer
- Klinik für Frauenheilkunde Marien Hospital Herne, Universitätsklinikum der Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Herne, Germany
| | - Wolf O. Bechstein
- Department of Surgery, Frankfurt University; Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Ulli Bankstahl
- Institute of Clinical Cancer Research (IKF), UCT- University Cancer Center Frankfurt, Krankenhaus Nordwest, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Ines Gockel
- Klinik für Visceralchirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Thomas Kraus
- Klinik für Chirurgie, UCT- University Cancer Center Frankfurt, Krankenhaus Nordwest, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Stefan P. Mönig
- Hôpitaux Universitaires, de Genève, Service de Chirurgie viscéral, Genève, Switzerland
| | - Beate Rau
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Chirurgische Klinik, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Pompiliu Piso
- Chirurgische Klinik, Krankenhaus Barmherzige Brüder Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
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Graversen M, Detlefsen S, Bjerregaard JK, Fristrup CW, Pfeiffer P, Mortensen MB. Prospective, single-center implementation and response evaluation of pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy (PIPAC) for peritoneal metastasis. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2018; 10:1758835918777036. [PMID: 29899763 PMCID: PMC5985602 DOI: 10.1177/1758835918777036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy (PIPAC) is a laparoscopy-guided administration of aerosolized chemotherapy. PIPAC seems to improve objective tumor response, survival and quality of life in patients with peritoneal metastasis. We assessed feasibility and efficacy of PIPAC in patients with peritoneal metastasis (PM). METHODS Patients were included in a prospective PIPAC protocol. Patients with colorectal PM were treated with oxaliplatin, patients with other primary tumors were treated with cisplatin and doxorubicin. Any chemotherapy exposure for healthcare workers was monitored by environmental and biological sampling. Feasibility was quantified by completion and complication rates. Response evaluation was documented by the peritoneal regression grading score (PRGS) and by peritoneal lavage cytology. Biopsy sites were marked by clips. Quality of life questionnaires were collected at baseline and after 60, 120 and 180 days. RESULTS A total of 35 patients with PM were treated with a median of three PIPAC procedures (range 1-9). Intraperitoneal access and completion of PIPAC was achieved in all patients. Few complications and adverse events were noted. There was no risk of chemotherapy exposure for healthcare workers. The mean PRGS was reduced significantly and a reduction of the PRGS was seen in 67% of the patients. Conversion from positive to negative cytology was achieved in 23% of the patients. Quality of life was stabilized from baseline to day 60. CONCLUSIONS PIPAC is feasible and well tolerated, may stabilize the quality of life in patients with end-stage PM and may induce histological and cytological regression.This study is registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov [ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02320448].
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Graversen
- Odense PIPAC Center (OPC) Odense Pancreas Center (OPAC) Odense Patient data Explorative Network (OPEN) Department of Surgery, Odense University Hospital, J.B. Winsloews Vej 4, Odense 5000, Denmark
| | - Sönke Detlefsen
- OPC, OPAC, Department of Pathology, Odense University Hospital, Denmark
| | | | | | - Per Pfeiffer
- OPC, OPAC, Department of Oncology, Odense University Hospital, Denmark
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Occupational exposure to cisplatin/oxaliplatin during Pressurized Intraperitoneal Aerosol Chemotherapy (PIPAC)? Eur J Surg Oncol 2018; 44:1793-1799. [PMID: 29871821 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2018.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Revised: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pressurized Intraperitoneal Aerosol Chemotherapy (PIPAC) is a new promising treatment for patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis. It is supposed to provide a higher local drug concentration and deeper penetrate into the tumor tissue compared to systemic chemotherapy or hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy perfusion (HIPEC). Due to the application of cytotoxic drug aerosols within the operating room (OR), concern has been raised regarding the occupational exposure risk of the involved OR staff. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, an OR workplace monitoring was performed during 14 PIPAC procedures in two hospitals by collecting air samples (n = 14) during PIPAC and wipe samples (n = 223) before and after PIPAC: 56 samples from the OR floor, 84 from the injector, 28 from trocars and 55 from gloves. All samples were analyzed for platinum (Pt). RESULTS While air Pt concentrations were below 3.1 pg/m³, surface contaminations widely varied between 0.01 pg/cm2 and 1733 pg/cm2 (median 1.04 pg/cm2), with substantial Pt concentrations on injector parts (i.e. syringe holder) and trocars. Floors and particularly injectors were often higher contaminated before compared to after PIPAC, probably due to inefficient cleaning or cross-contamination. Glove samples taken after different tasks ranged between 0.04 and 423 pg/cm2 (median 0.58 pg/cm2). CONCLUSION Contamination on various OR surfaces widely ranged and can lead to a distribution of cytotoxic drug residues. However, the air contamination was very low. The results indicate that PIPAC performance seems to be possible with low occupational exposure risk, but adequate safety and cleaning standards for PIPAC must be developed and monitored.
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Tempfer CB, Giger-Pabst U, Seebacher V, Petersen M, Dogan A, Rezniczek GA. A phase I, single-arm, open-label, dose escalation study of intraperitoneal cisplatin and doxorubicin in patients with recurrent ovarian cancer and peritoneal carcinomatosis. Gynecol Oncol 2018; 150:23-30. [PMID: 29743140 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2018.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2018] [Revised: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We performed a phase I, single-arm, non-randomized, open-label, dose-escalation trial to determine the dose-limiting toxicity of intraperitoneal cisplatin and doxorubicin applied as pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy (PIPAC) in women with recurrent ovarian cancer. METHODS We used a standard 3 + 3 dose-escalation design with doxorubicin 1.5 mg/m2, cisplatin 7.5 mg/m2 q 4 to 6 weeks for 3 cycles and subsequent dose escalation steps (20% increment per step) in patients with recurrent ovarian cancer and peritoneal carcinomatosis. Toxicity and clinical efficacy were monitored. The primary endpoint was the maximum-tolerable dose. Secondary endpoints included histologic tumor regression and serum parameters. RESULTS 15 evaluable patients (3, 7, and 5 in cohorts 1, 2, and 3, respectively) on average received 2.3 PIPAC cycles. No dose limiting toxicities were found. Adverse side effects were 1 grade 3 event (colon perforation) and 85 grade 1/2 events including fatigue (n = 19), abdominal pain (n = 18), nausea/vomiting (n = 14), sleep disorder (n = 8), diarrhea (n = 5), and fever (n = 2). Liver and renal toxicity was not observed in any of the 3 cohorts (AST 19.1 ± 3.2, 25.8 ± 6.5, and 22.1 ± 4.5 IU/L, respectively; ALT 14.7 ± 3.5, 18.5 ± 5.6, and 23.3 ± 13.0 IU/L, respectively; GGT 45.7 ± 35.1, 25.2 ± 10.3, and 43.9 ± 26.4 IU/L, respectively; serum creatinine 1.06 ± 0.23, 0.80 ± 0.17, and 0.89 ± 0.35 mg/dL, respectively). No systemic hematologic toxicity, alopecia, or neurotoxicity was noted. The maximum tolerable dose was not reached. Histologic tumor regression was observed in 7/11 (64%) patients who underwent ≥2 PIPAC cycles. CONCLUSIONS PIPAC with cisplatin and doxorubicin may be safely used at an intraperitoneal dose of 10.5 mg/m2 and 2.1 mg/m2, respectively. Systemic toxicity of this therapy is low.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clemens B Tempfer
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Marien Hospital Herne, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
| | - Urs Giger-Pabst
- Department of Surgery, Marien Hospital Herne, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
| | - Veronika Seebacher
- Department of Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
| | | | - Askin Dogan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Marien Hospital Herne, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
| | - Günther A Rezniczek
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Marien Hospital Herne, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
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Tempfer CB, Hilal Z, Dogan A, Petersen M, Rezniczek GA. Concentrations of cisplatin and doxorubicin in ascites and peritoneal tumor nodules before and after pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy (PIPAC) in patients with peritoneal metastasis. Eur J Surg Oncol 2018; 44:1112-1117. [PMID: 29753612 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2018.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2018] [Revised: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy (PIPAC) is a new means of delivering chemotherapy into the abdomen of patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC). The amount of drug uptake in ascites and peritoneum after PIPAC is unknown. METHODS Retrospective cohort study of women with PC from gynecological tumors comparing the concentrations of cisplatin and doxorubicin in ascites and peritoneum before and after PIPAC. Concentrations were measured using gas chromatography. Peritoneal tumor samples were assessed for histological tumor regression. RESULTS 59 PIPAC procedures were performed in 32 women with PC. The concentrations of doxorubicin and cisplatin in ascites significantly increased after PIPAC (140.2 ± 671.5 vs 9035.7 ± 5328.6 ng/ml; p < 0.0001 and 95.2 ± 106.4 vs 24,770.8 ± 11,710.8 ng/ml; p < 0.0001, respectively). Concentrations of doxorubicin and cisplatin in peritoneal tissue also significantly increased after PIPAC (5.1 ± 0.7 vs 19.2 ± 38.6 ng/g; p = 0.007, and 81.9 ± 7.8 vs 131.5 ± 134.4 ng/g; p = 0.005, respectively). On an individual patient level, a significant uptake (>2-fold) of doxorubicin and cisplatin was observed in 57/59 (97%) and 58/59 (98%) of cases in ascites and in 23/59 (39%) and 13/59 (22%) of cases in the peritoneum. Uptake of cisplatin and doxorubicin were significantly correlated (Spearman correlation coefficient: 0.33; p = 0.011). After repeated PIPACs, doxorubicin uptake increased in peritoneal tumor tissue (p = 0.008). CONCLUSIONS PIPAC leads to a significant chemotherapy uptake in both ascites and peritoneum, suggesting a bimodal cytotoxic effect of PIPAC via direct tissue uptake into peritoneal tumor nodules and via ascites. Consecutive PIPAC applications lead to peritoneal accumulation of doxorubicin, suggesting a cumulative cytotoxic effect of doxorubicin after repeated PIPACs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clemens B Tempfer
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Ziad Hilal
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Askin Dogan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | | | - Günther A Rezniczek
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
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First Indian Study on Pressurized Intraperitoneal Aerosol Chemotherapy (PIPAC) Procedure for Advanced Peritoneal Carcinomatosis Secondary to Epithelial Ovarian Cancer. INDIAN JOURNAL OF GYNECOLOGIC ONCOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s40944-018-0193-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Dueckelmann AM, Fink D, Harter P, Heinzelmann V, Marth C, Mueller M, Reinthaller A, Tamussino K, Wimberger P, Sehouli J. The use of PIPAC (pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy) in gynecological oncology: a statement by the "Arbeitsgemeinschaft Gynaekologische Onkologie Studiengruppe Ovarialkarzinom (AGO-OVAR)", the Swiss and Austrian AGO, and the North-Eastern German Society of Gynaecologic Oncology. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2018; 297:837-846. [PMID: 29356953 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-018-4673-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2018] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ovarian, tubal, and peritoneal carcinomas primarily affect the peritoneal cavity, and they are typically diagnosed at an advanced tumor stage (Foley, Rauh-Hain, del Carmen in Oncology (Williston Park) 27:288-294, 2013). In the course of primary surgery, postoperative tumor residuals are, apart from the tumor stage, the strongest independent factors of prognosis (du Bois, Reuss, Pujade-Lauraine, Harter, Ray-Coquard, Pfisterer in Cancer 115:1234-1244, 2009). Due to improved surgical techniques, including the use of multi-visceral procedures, macroscopic tumor clearance can be achieved in oncological centers, in most cases (Harter, Muallem, Buhrmann et al in Gynecol Oncol 121:615-619, 2011). However, to date, it has not been shown that peritoneal carcinomatosis is, per se, an independent factor of prognosis or that it excludes the achievement of tumor clearance. Several studies have shown that a preceding drug therapy in peritoneal carcinomatosis could positively influence the overall prognosis (Trimbos, Trimbos, Vergote et al in J Natl Cancer Inst 95:105-112, 2003). In relapses of ovarian carcinoma, studies have shown that peritoneal carcinomatosis is a negative predictor of complete tumor resection; however, when it is possible to resect the tumor completely, peritoneal carcinomatosis does not play a role in the prognosis (Harter, Hahmann, Lueck et al in Ann Surg Oncol 16:1324-1330, 2009). RESULTS PIPAC is a highly experimental method for treating patients with ovarian, tubal, and peritoneal cancer. To date, only three studies have investigated a total of 184 patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis (Grass, Vuagniaux, Teixeira-Farinha, Lehmann, Demartines, Hubner in Br J Surg 104:669-678, 2017). Only some of those studies were phase I/II studies that included PIPAC for patients with different indications and different cancer entities. It is important to keep in mind that the PIPAC approach is associated with relatively high toxicity. To date, no systematic dose-finding studies have been reported. Moreover, no studies have reported improvements in progression-free or overall survival associated with PIPAC therapy. CONCLUSIONS Randomized phase III studies are required to evaluate the effect of this therapy compared to other standard treatments (sequential or simultaneous applications with systemic chemotherapy). In cases of ovarian, tubal, and peritoneal cancer, PIPAC should not be performed outside the framework of prospective, controlled studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - D Fink
- University Hospital of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - P Harter
- Kliniken Essen-Mitte, Essen, Germany
| | | | - C Marth
- Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - M Mueller
- University Hospiatl Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | | | - P Wimberger
- University Hospital Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - J Sehouli
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Teixeira Farinha H, Grass F, Labgaa I, Pache B, Demartines N, Hübner M. Inflammatory Response and Toxicity After Pressurized IntraPeritoneal Aerosol Chemotherapy. J Cancer 2018; 9:13-20. [PMID: 29290765 PMCID: PMC5743707 DOI: 10.7150/jca.21460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Pressurized Intraperitoneal Aerosol Chemotherapy (PIPAC) is a novel mode of intraperitoneal (IP) drug delivery claiming high IP tissue concentrations with low systemic uptake. The aim was to study inflammatory response and systemic toxicity after PIPAC. Methods: Retrospective monocentric analysis of a consecutive cohort of PIPAC patients between January 2015 and April 2016. Detailed hematological and biochemical analysis was performed the day before surgery and once daily until discharge. Comparative statistics were performed using Mann-Whitney U test and Wilcoxon signed ranked test. Results: Fourty-two consecutive patients underwent a total of 91 PIPAC procedures. Twenty patients received oxaliplatin and 22 cisplatin+doxorubicin (37 vs. 54 procedures). Creatinine, AST and ALT were not significantly altered after PIPAC (p=0.095, p= p=0.153 and p=0.351) and not different between oxaliplatin and cisplatin+doxorubicin regimens (p=0.371, p=0.251 and p=0.288). C-reactive protein (CRP) and procalcitonin (PCT) increased on post-operative day (POD) 2: ∆max 29±5 mg/L (p<0.001) and ∆max 0.05±0.01 μg/L (p=0.005), respectively. Leucocytes increased at POD 1: ∆max 2.2±0.3 G/L (p<0.001). Albumin decreased at POD 2: ∆max -6.0±0.5 g/L (p<0.001). CRP increase correlated positively with Peritoneal Cancer Index (tumor load) (ρ =0.521, p<0.001). Conclusion: PIPAC was followed by a modest and transitory inflammatory response that was commensurate to the disease extent. No hematological, renal or hepatic toxicity was observed even after repetitive administration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fabian Grass
- Department of Visceral Surgery, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Switzerland
| | - Ismaïl Labgaa
- Department of Visceral Surgery, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Switzerland
| | - Basile Pache
- Department of Visceral Surgery, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Demartines
- Department of Visceral Surgery, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Switzerland
| | - Martin Hübner
- Department of Visceral Surgery, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Switzerland
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Pugin F, Bouquet De Jolinière J, Major A, Khomsi F, Guillou L, Peter M, Ben Ali N, Egger B, Feki A. Pseudomyxoma Peritonei: A Case Report Diagnosed in a 47-Year-Old Woman with Chronic Pelvic Abdominal Pain and Appendicular Origin: Review of the Literature and Management. Front Surg 2017; 4:41. [PMID: 29326943 PMCID: PMC5741642 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2017.00041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The authors report a case of pseudomyxoma peritonei with gelatinous peritoneum in a 47-year-old-woman. The main symptom for discovery was a chronic pelvic abdominal pain. This disease is particularly rare. The gelatinous substance is often associated with a malignant ovarian tumor or appendicitis perforated. Currently, on the whole, an exploratory laparoscopy allows diagnosis, biopsies, and appendectomy. The treatment is essentially surgical. The prognosis depends on grade (1/3) and response to chemotherapy. This case was presented to the tumor board.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francois Pugin
- Department of Digestive Surgery, HFR, Cantonal Hospital of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | | | - Attila Major
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, HFR, Cantonal Hospital of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Fathi Khomsi
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, HFR, Cantonal Hospital of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Louis Guillou
- Department of Pathology, Argotlab, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Mathias Peter
- Department of Digestive Surgery, HFR, Cantonal Hospital of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Nordine Ben Ali
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, HFR, Cantonal Hospital of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Bernhard Egger
- Department of Digestive Surgery, HFR, Cantonal Hospital of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Anis Feki
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, HFR, Cantonal Hospital of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
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Lemoine L, Sugarbaker P, Van der Speeten K. Drugs, doses, and durations of intraperitoneal chemotherapy: standardising HIPEC and EPIC for colorectal, appendiceal, gastric, ovarian peritoneal surface malignancies and peritoneal mesothelioma. Int J Hyperthermia 2017; 33:582-592. [DOI: 10.1080/02656736.2017.1291999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lieselotte Lemoine
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Ziekenhuis Oost-Limburg, Genk, Belgium
| | - Paul Sugarbaker
- Washington Cancer Institute, Washington Hospital Center, Washington DC, USA
| | - Kurt Van der Speeten
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Ziekenhuis Oost-Limburg, Genk, Belgium
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Peritoneal metastasis from pancreatic cancer treated with pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy (PIPAC). Clin Exp Metastasis 2017; 34:309-314. [PMID: 28516306 DOI: 10.1007/s10585-017-9849-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Patients with peritoneal metastasis (PM) from pancreatic cancer have a short life expectancy. Systemic combination chemotherapy leads to a median overall survival of 7-8 months. Pressurized IntraPeritoneal Aerosol Chemotherapy (PIPAC) is a treatment alternative, where studies in patients with PM from ovarian, gastric and colorectal cancer show a high safety profile and interesting results. This case study report data on the PIPAC treatment in patients with PM from pancreatic cancer. In a standard laparoscopy, chemotherapeutics (cisplatin and doxorubicin) are nebulized within the peritoneal cavity. After 30 min, the chemotherapeutics are evacuated through a closed system. The PIPAC procedure is repeated every 4-6 weeks. Five patients with PM from pancreatic cancer were treated with a total of 16 PIPAC procedures. All patients received >1 PIPAC and were eligible for evaluation of histological regression. Four patients demonstrated histological regression, and one patient had stable disease. Three patients are still alive, and the median overall survival is 14 months (range 10-20) since the diagnosis of PM. The histological regression and survival figures in this pilot study suggest activity of PIPAC with low-dose cisplatin and doxorubicin in pretreated peritoneal metastasis of pancreatic origin. This should now be evaluated in prospective studies.
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Grass F, Vuagniaux A, Teixeira-Farinha H, Lehmann K, Demartines N, Hübner M. Systematic review of pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy for the treatment of advanced peritoneal carcinomatosis. Br J Surg 2017; 104:669-678. [PMID: 28407227 DOI: 10.1002/bjs.10521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Revised: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy (PIPAC) is a minimally invasive approach under investigation as a novel treatment for patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis of various origins. The aim was to review the available evidence on mechanisms, clinical effects and risks. METHODS This was a systematic review of the literature on pressurized intraperitoneal chemotherapy published between January 2000 and October 2016. All types of scientific report were included. RESULTS Twenty-nine relevant papers were identified; 16 were preclinical studies and 13 were clinical reports. The overall quality of the clinical studies was modest; five studies were prospective and there was no randomized trial. Preclinical data suggested better distribution and higher tissue concentrations of chemotherapy agents in PIPAC compared with conventional intraperitoneal chemotherapy by lavage. Regarding technical feasibility, laparoscopic access and repeatability rates were 83-100 and 38-82 per cent. Surgery-related complications occurred in up to 12 per cent. Postoperative morbidity was low (Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events grade 3-5 events reported in 0-37 per cent), and hospital stay was about 3 days. No negative impact on quality of life was reported. Histological response rates for therapy-resistant carcinomatosis of ovarian, colorectal and gastric origin were 62-88, 71-86 and 70-100 per cent respectively. CONCLUSION PIPAC is feasible, safe and well tolerated. Preliminary good response rates call for prospective analysis of oncological efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Grass
- Department of Visceral Surgery, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - A Vuagniaux
- Department of Visceral Surgery, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - H Teixeira-Farinha
- Department of Visceral Surgery, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - K Lehmann
- Department of Visceral Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - N Demartines
- Department of Visceral Surgery, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - M Hübner
- Department of Visceral Surgery, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
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Hübner M, Grass F, Teixeira-Farinha H, Pache B, Mathevet P, Demartines N. Pressurized IntraPeritoneal Aerosol Chemotherapy - Practical aspects. Eur J Surg Oncol 2017; 43:1102-1109. [PMID: 28431896 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2017.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Revised: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pressurized Intraperitoneal Aerosol Chemotherapy (PIPAC) has been introduced as novel treatment for peritoneal carcinomatosis. Only proper patient selection, stringent safety protocol and careful surgery allow for a secure procedure. We hereby report the essentials for safe implementation. METHODS All consecutive procedures within 20 months after PIPAC implementation were analyzed with regards to practical and surgical aspects. Special emphasis was laid on modifications of technique and safety measures during the implementation process with systematic use of a dedicated checklist. Further, surgical difficulty was documented by use of a visual analogue scale (VAS). RESULTS 127 PIPAC procedures were performed in 58 patients from January 2015 until October 2016. 81% of patients had at least one previous laparotomy. Median operation time was 91 min (87-103) for the first 20 cases, 93 min (IQR 88-107) for PIPAC21-50, and 103 min (IQR 91-121) for the following 77 procedures. Primary and secondary non-access occurred in 3 patients (2%), all of them having prior hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC). Using open Hasson technique, one single bowel lesion occurred, which was the only intraoperative complication. One 5 mm and another 10/12 mm trocar were used in 88% of procedures while additional trocars were needed in 12%. No leak of cytostatics was observed and no procedure needed to be stopped. VAS for overall difficulty of the procedure was 3 ± 2.4, and 3 ± 2.9 and 3 ± 2.5, respectively, for abdominal access and intraoperative staging. CONCLUSIONS With standardized surgical approach and dedicated safety checklist, PIPAC can be safely introduced in clinical routine with minimal learning curve.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Hübner
- Department of Visceral Surgery, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - F Grass
- Department of Visceral Surgery, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - H Teixeira-Farinha
- Department of Visceral Surgery, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - B Pache
- Department of Visceral Surgery, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - P Mathevet
- Department of Gynecology, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - N Demartines
- Department of Visceral Surgery, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland.
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Schnelle D, Weinreich FJ, Kibat J, Reymond MA. A new ex vivo model for optimizing distribution of therapeutic aerosols: the (inverted) bovine urinary bladder. Pleura Peritoneum 2017; 2:37-41. [PMID: 30911631 DOI: 10.1515/pp-2017-0006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Development of Pressurized IntraPeritoneal Aerosol Chemotherapy (PIPAC) requires adequate preclinical models. Methods The model should be easy to use, reproducible and cost-effective. It should have a volume similar to the human abdominal cavity, and an oval shape. The inner surface should be lined with serosa. The model should allow pharmacological and biological analysis, including histology. No living animals should be used. Results The fresh urinary bladder is explanted from an adult bovine in the slaughterhouse. A 4-cm incision is performed into the bladder neck. The bladder can be inverted through the incision, which allows exposition of the serosa on its inner side. A balloon trocar is inserted through the incision and a ligature placed, ensuring full tightness. The therapeutic capnoperitoneum is installed. The bovine bladder has a volume somewhat smaller (2-3 L) than the human abdominal cavity (3-5 L). Costs are minimal. There is no significant bacteriological contamination. Manipulation is simple. Conclusions The (inverted) bovine urinary bladder is an innovative and versatile ex vivo model for optimizing drug delivery with therapeutic aerosols both onto the mucosa or the serosa. This model can be used for pharmaceutical Quality-by-Design approaches and will replace a large number of experiments in the animal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Schnelle
- Department of Surgery, University of Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler Str. 3, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Frank-Jürgen Weinreich
- Department of Surgery, University of Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler Str. 3, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Janek Kibat
- Department of Surgery, University of Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler Str. 3, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Marc A Reymond
- Department of Surgery, University of Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler Str. 3, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
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Feasibility and Safety of Pressurized Intraperitoneal Aerosol Chemotherapy for Peritoneal Carcinomatosis: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Gastroenterol Res Pract 2017; 2017:6852749. [PMID: 28331493 PMCID: PMC5346367 DOI: 10.1155/2017/6852749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. Pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy (PIPAC) has been introduced as a novel repeatable treatment for peritoneal carcinomatosis. The available evidence from the pioneer center suggests good tolerance and high response rates, but independent confirmation is needed. A single-center cohort was analyzed one year after implementation for feasibility and safety. Methods. PIPAC was started in January 2015, and every patient was entered into a prospective database. This retrospective analysis included all consecutive patients operated until April 2016 with emphasis on surgical feasibility and early postoperative outcomes. Results. Forty-two patients (M : F = 8 : 34, median age 66 (59–73) years) with 91 PIPAC procedures in total (4×: 1, 3×: 17, 2×: 12, and 1×: 12) were analyzed. Abdominal accessibility rate was 95% (42/44); laparoscopic access was not feasible in 2 patients with previous HIPEC. Median initial peritoneal carcinomatosis index (PCI) was 10 (IQR 5–17). Median operation time was 94 min (89–108) with no learning curve observed. One PIPAC application was postponed due to intraoperative intestinal lesion. Overall morbidity was 9% with 7 minor complications (Clavien I-II) and one PIPAC-unrelated postoperative mortality. Median postoperative hospital stay was 3 days (2-3). Conclusion. Repetitive PIPAC is feasible in most patients with refractory carcinomatosis of various origins. Intraoperative complications and postoperative morbidity rates were low. This encourages prospective studies assessing oncological efficacy.
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Dakwar GR, Shariati M, Willaert W, Ceelen W, De Smedt SC, Remaut K. Nanomedicine-based intraperitoneal therapy for the treatment of peritoneal carcinomatosis - Mission possible? Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2017; 108:13-24. [PMID: 27422808 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2016.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2016] [Revised: 07/01/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Intraperitoneal (IP) drug delivery represents an attractive strategy for the local treatment of peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC). Over the past decade, a lot of effort has been put both in the academia and clinic in developing IP therapeutic approaches that maximize local efficacy while limiting systemic side effects. Also nanomedicines are under investigation for the treatment of tumors confined to the peritoneal cavity, due to their potential to increase the peritoneal retention and to target drugs to the tumor sites as compared to free drugs. Despite the progress reported by multiple clinical studies, there are no FDA approved drugs or formulations for specific use in the IP cavity yet. This review discusses the current clinical management of PC, as well as recent advances in nanomedicine-based IP delivery. We address important challenges to be overcome towards designing optimal nanocarriers for IP therapy in vivo.
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80
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Flessner MF. Pharmacokinetic problems in peritoneal drug administration: an update after 20 years. Pleura Peritoneum 2016; 1:183-191. [PMID: 30911622 DOI: 10.1515/pp-2016-0022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Intraperitoneal chemotherapy has demonstrated significant pharmacologic and clinical advantage over traditional intravenous administration for cancers that are restricted to the peritoneal cavity. The combination of cytoreductive surgery with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) has become the standard technique used to fight ovarian and gastrointestinal cancers in many centers. However, challenges remain for HIPEC to contact the entire peritoneal surface, penetrate the tumor tissue, and transport to the lymphatics and other metastatic sites. New innovations in delivery technique, such as heated aerosol, and in delivery molecules, such as microparticles, nanoparticles, nanogels, and tumor-penetrating peptides are being tested in animal models and will likely soon be in human trials. Improvements in overall care, such as the recent clinical trial of an oral agent for maintenance therapy in ovarian carcinoma, will continue in this field for the next 20 years.
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Vaira M, Robella M, Borsano A, De Simone M. Single-port access for Pressurized IntraPeritoneal Aerosol Chemotherapy (PIPAC): technique, feasibility and safety. Pleura Peritoneum 2016; 1:217-222. [PMID: 30911626 PMCID: PMC6386499 DOI: 10.1515/pp-2016-0021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pressurized IntraPeritoneal Aerosol Chemotherapy (PIPAC) is a drug delivery system for treatment of peritoneal metastasis (PM). A limitation of this technique is the non-access rate (10-15 %) due to peritoneal adhesions. The aim of the study was to assess feasibility and safety of the single-port access technique for PIPAC. METHODS Single-center, pilot study. Case series, retrospective analysis on 17 patients with PM of various origin treated with intraperitoneal cisplatin, doxorubicin and/or oxaliplatin administered as PIPAC. Single-port access was attempted in all patients by minilaparotomy. RESULTS Twenty-nine PIPAC procedures were performed. Nine patients were subjected to 1 PIPAC, four patients to 2 PIPAC and four patients to 3 PIPAC. Access to peritoneal cavity was possible in all cases. There was no bowel access lesion. Tightness of the abdomen (CO2-flow = 0) was achieved in all cases. No postoperative complications according to CTCAE (Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events)>2 were observed, no re-laparotomies required and no postoperative mortality recorded. CONCLUSIONS Single port-access is feasible and safe for PIPAC. Potential advantages over multiple trocars technique are a lower non-access rate, a lower risk of bowel lesions and a better tightness of the abdomen. This has now to be confirmed in a comparative study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Vaira
- Unit of Surgical Oncology, Candiolo Cancer Institute – FPO, IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy
| | - Manuela Robella
- Unit of Surgical Oncology, Candiolo Cancer Institute – FPO, IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy
| | - Alice Borsano
- Unit of Surgical Oncology, Candiolo Cancer Institute – FPO, IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy
| | - Michele De Simone
- Unit of Surgical Oncology, Candiolo Cancer Institute – FPO, IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy
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Khosrawipour V, Khosrawipour T, Kern AJP, Osma A, Kabakci B, Diaz-Carballo D, Förster E, Zieren J, Fakhrian K. Distribution pattern and penetration depth of doxorubicin after pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy (PIPAC) in a postmortem swine model. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2016; 142:2275-80. [PMID: 27590613 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-016-2234-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy (PIPAC) is a novel approach delivering intraperitoneal chemotherapy by means of a pressurized aerosol. This study was conducted to evaluate the distribution pattern of doxorubicin in the abdominal cavity after PIPAC in a postmortem swine model. METHODS Doxorubicin was aerosolized through a Micropump© (MIP) into the peritoneal cavity of two swines at a pressure of 12 mm Hg CO2 and 32 °C. To measure the distribution of the drug, 9 different positions within the abdominal cavity were sampled. In-tissue doxorubicin penetration was evaluated using fluorescence microscopy on frozen thin sections. RESULTS A maximum of drug penetration was observed in the area around the MIP. The penetration in the small intestine reached a depth of 349 ± 65 µm. Penetration depth in the right upper abdomen and left upper abdomen were 349 ± 65 and 140 µm ± 26 µm, respectively. Distant areas to the MIP showed variable penetration rates between 50 and 150 µm. CONCLUSIONS Doxorubicin reached all areas within the peritoneum. Highest penetration rates were measured in the area around the Micropump. Further studies are warranted to evaluate and optimize the distribution and penetration of cytotoxic agent into the tissue after PIPAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veria Khosrawipour
- Department of General Surgery and Therapy Center for Peritonealcarcinomatosis, Marien Hospital Herne, Ruhr University Bochum, Hölkeskampring 40, 44625, Herne, Germany. .,Basic Research Laboratory, Department of General Surgery, Marien Hospital Herne, Ruhr University Bochum, Herne, Germany.
| | - Tanja Khosrawipour
- Department of General Surgery and Therapy Center for Peritonealcarcinomatosis, Marien Hospital Herne, Ruhr University Bochum, Hölkeskampring 40, 44625, Herne, Germany.,Basic Research Laboratory, Department of General Surgery, Marien Hospital Herne, Ruhr University Bochum, Herne, Germany
| | - Alexander Jens Peter Kern
- Basic Research Laboratory, Department of General Surgery, Marien Hospital Herne, Ruhr University Bochum, Herne, Germany
| | - Aras Osma
- Basic Research Laboratory, Department of General Surgery, Marien Hospital Herne, Ruhr University Bochum, Herne, Germany
| | - Burak Kabakci
- Basic Research Laboratory, Department of General Surgery, Marien Hospital Herne, Ruhr University Bochum, Herne, Germany
| | - David Diaz-Carballo
- Basic Research Laboratory, Department of General Surgery, Marien Hospital Herne, Ruhr University Bochum, Herne, Germany
| | - Eckart Förster
- Department of Neuroanatomy and Molecular Brain Research, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Jürgen Zieren
- Department of General Surgery and Therapy Center for Peritonealcarcinomatosis, Marien Hospital Herne, Ruhr University Bochum, Hölkeskampring 40, 44625, Herne, Germany
| | - Khashayar Fakhrian
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Marien Hospital Herne, Ruhr University Bochum, Herne, Germany
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Reymond M, Demtroeder C, Solass W, Winnekendonk G, Tempfer C. Electrostatic precipitation Pressurized IntraPeritoneal Aerosol Chemotherapy (ePIPAC): first in-human application. Pleura Peritoneum 2016; 1:109-116. [PMID: 30911614 PMCID: PMC6386498 DOI: 10.1515/pp-2016-0005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Pressurized IntraPeritoneal Aerosol Chemotherapy (PIPAC) is a drug delivery technique with superior pharmacological properties for treating peritoneal metastasis (PM). Adding electrostatic loading (ePIPAC) as an adjunct to aerosol and artificial hydrostatic pressure improved tissue uptake in a preclinical model. Methods: We report the first ePIPAC use in 3 patients with PM of hepatobiliary-pancreatic (HBP) origin. All 3 patients received concomitant palliative systemic chemotherapy that was discontinued in two patients. PIPAC with cisplatin 7.5 mg/m2 and doxorubicin 1.5 mg/m2 was applied intraperitoneally at a pressure of 12 mmHg and a temperature of 37% °C for 30 min. Additionally, a voltage 7,500-9,500 V and a current≤10 µA were applied over a stainless steel brush electrode emitting a stream of electrons. Results: ePIPAC was technically feasible. No intraoperative complication was noted. The procedures were well tolerated with no adverse event CTCAE > 2. Patient 1 with PM of unknown origin (CUP with HBP phenotype) showed an objective histological and radiological response and survived 11 months. Patient 2 with ductal pancreatic cancer underwent secondary resection after ePIPAC with no residual PM; however, tumor recurred 5 months later. Patient 3 with adenocarcinoma of the gallbladder showed a radiological regression of liver infiltration and is alive after 22 months without histological evidence of PM. Conclusion: ePIPAC is technically feasible, is well tolerated and can induce tumor regression of PM in HBP cancers with and without concomitant systemic chemotherapy. These preliminary results justify prospective clinical studies with ePIPAC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cedric Demtroeder
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Herne, Germany
| | - Wiebke Solass
- Medical School Hanover, Institute of Pathology, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Clemens Tempfer
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ruhr-University Bochum, Herne, Germany
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84
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Khosrawipour V, Giger-Pabst U, Khosrawipour T, Pour YH, Diaz-Carballo D, Förster E, Böse-Ribeiro H, Adamietz IA, Zieren J, Fakhrian K. Effect of Irradiation on Tissue Penetration Depth of Doxorubicin after Pressurized Intra-Peritoneal Aerosol Chemotherapy (PIPAC) in a Novel Ex-Vivo Model. J Cancer 2016; 7:910-4. [PMID: 27313780 PMCID: PMC4910582 DOI: 10.7150/jca.14714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: This study was performed to assess the impact of irradiation on the tissue penetration depth of doxorubicin delivered during Pressurized Intra-Peritoneal Aerosol Chemotherapy (PIPAC). Methods: Fresh post mortem swine peritoneum was cut into 10 proportional sections. Except for 2 control samples, all received irradiation with 1, 2, 7 and 14 Gy, respectively. Four samples received PIPAC 15 minutes after irradiation and 4 other after 24 hours. Doxorubicin was aerosolized in an ex-vivo PIPAC model at 12 mmHg/36°C. In-tissue doxorubicin penetration was measured using fluorescence microscopy on frozen thin sections. Results: Doxorubicin penetration after PIPAC (15 minutes after irradiation) was 476 ± 74 µm for the control sample, 450 ± 45µm after 1 Gy (p > 0.05), 438 ± 29 µm after 2 Gy (p > 0.05), 396 ± 32 µm after 7 Gy (p = 0.005) and 284 ± 57 after 14 Gy irradiation (p < 0.001). The doxorubicin penetration after PIPAC (24 hours after irradiation) was 428 ± 77 µm for the control sample, 393 ± 41 µm after 1 Gy (p > 0.05), 379 ± 56 µm after 2 Gy (p > 0.05), 352 ± 53 µm after 7 Gy (p = 0.008) and 345 ± 53 after 14 Gy irradiation (p = 0.001). Conclusions: Higher (fractional) radiation dose might reduce the tissue penetration depth of doxorubicin in our ex-vivo model. However, irradiation with lower (fractional) radiation dose does not affect the tissue penetration negatively. Further studies are warranted to investigate if irradiation can be used safely as chemopotenting agent for patients with peritoneal metastases treated with PIPAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veria Khosrawipour
- 1. Department of General Surgery & Therapy Center for Peritonealcarcinomatosis, Marien Hospital Herne, Ruhr University Bochum, Germany.; 2. Basic Research Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Marien Hospital Herne, Ruhr University Bochum, Germany
| | - Urs Giger-Pabst
- 1. Department of General Surgery & Therapy Center for Peritonealcarcinomatosis, Marien Hospital Herne, Ruhr University Bochum, Germany.; 2. Basic Research Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Marien Hospital Herne, Ruhr University Bochum, Germany
| | - Tanja Khosrawipour
- 2. Basic Research Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Marien Hospital Herne, Ruhr University Bochum, Germany
| | - Yousef Hedayat Pour
- 3. Department of Radiation Oncology, Marien Hospital Herne, Ruhr University Bochum, Germany
| | - David Diaz-Carballo
- 4. Department of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Marien Hospital Herne, Ruhr University Bochum, Germany
| | - Eckart Förster
- 5. Department of Neuroanatomy and Molecular Brain Research, Ruhr University Bochum, Germany
| | - Hugo Böse-Ribeiro
- 3. Department of Radiation Oncology, Marien Hospital Herne, Ruhr University Bochum, Germany
| | - Irenäus Anton Adamietz
- 3. Department of Radiation Oncology, Marien Hospital Herne, Ruhr University Bochum, Germany
| | - Jürgen Zieren
- 1. Department of General Surgery & Therapy Center for Peritonealcarcinomatosis, Marien Hospital Herne, Ruhr University Bochum, Germany
| | - Khashayar Fakhrian
- 3. Department of Radiation Oncology, Marien Hospital Herne, Ruhr University Bochum, Germany
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85
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Kotula E, Berthault N, Agrario C, Lienafa MC, Simon A, Dingli F, Loew D, Sibut V, Saule S, Dutreix M. DNA-PKcs plays role in cancer metastasis through regulation of secreted proteins involved in migration and invasion. Cell Cycle 2016; 14:1961-72. [PMID: 26017556 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2015.1026522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs) plays a major role in DNA damage signaling and repair and is also frequently overexpressed in tumor metastasis. We used isogenic cell lines expressing different levels of DNA-PKcs to investigate the role of DNA-PKcs in metastatic development. We found that DNA-PKcs participates in melanoma primary tumor and metastasis development by stimulating angiogenesis, migration and invasion. Comparison of conditioned medium content from DNA-PKcs-proficient and deficient cells reveals that DNA-PKcs controls secretion of at least 103 proteins (including 44 metastasis-associated with FBLN1, SERPINA3, MMP-8, HSPG2 and the inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases, such as α-2M and TIMP-2). High throughput analysis of secretomes, proteomes and transcriptomes, indicate that DNA-PKcs regulates the secretion of 85 proteins without affecting their gene expression. Our data demonstrate that DNA-PKcs has a pro-metastatic activity via the modification of the tumor microenvironment. This study shows for the first time a direct link between DNA damage repair and cancer metastasis and highlights the importance of DNA-PKcs as a potential target for anti-metastatic treatment.
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Key Words
- CM, conditioned media
- DNA damage
- DNA-PK
- DNA-PK, DNA-dependent protein kinase
- DNA-PKcs, DNA-PK catalytic subunit
- DSB, double-strand break
- ECM, extracellular matrix
- MMP inhibition
- MMP, matrix metalloproteinase
- MS, mass spectrometry
- NHEJ, non-homologous end joining
- SILAC, stable isotope labeling by amino acids in cell culture
- TIMP, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase.
- metastasis
- secretion
- α-2M, α-2-macroglobulin
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Kotula
- a Centre National de Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR3347; Institut National de la Santé et de Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1021; Institut Curie ; Orsay , France
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86
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Demtröder C, Solass W, Zieren J, Strumberg D, Giger-Pabst U, Reymond MA. Pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy with oxaliplatin in colorectal peritoneal metastasis. Colorectal Dis 2016; 18:364-71. [PMID: 26400556 DOI: 10.1111/codi.13130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 07/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIM Pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy (PIPAC) is an experimental drug delivery method that applies chemotherapy into the abdominal cavity as an aerosol under pressure. We present the first results obtained with PIPAC in colorectal peritoneal metastasis (CPM). METHOD This is a retrospective analysis. PIPAC was applied in 17 consecutive patients with pretreated CPM. All patients had previously undergone surgery, and 16 had undergone previous lines of systemic chemotherapy (median, two lines). The mean peritoneal metastasis index (peritoneal cancer index) was 16 ± 10. Forty-eight applications of PIPAC with oxaliplatin (92 mg/m2 ) were given every 6 weeks at 37 °C and 12 mmHg for 30 min. The outcome criteria were microscopic pathological response, survival and adverse events according to Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) version 4.0. RESULTS Forty-eight PIPAC administrations were performed with no intra-operative complications. The mean number of PIPAC administrations per patient was 2.8 (minimum one, maximum six). Postoperative adverse events (CTCAE level 3) were observed in four patients (23%), no CTCAE level-4 adverse events were reported. The hospital mortality was zero. Objective tumour responses were observed in 12/17 patients (71%), and the overall responses were as follows: complete pathological response (seven patients), major response (four patients), partial response (one patient), no response (two patients) and not eligible (three patients). The mean survival after first PIPAC was 15.7 months. CONCLUSION Repeated PIPAC with oxaliplatin can induce the regression of pretreated CPM. The toxicity appears to be low. These preliminary results are encouraging and justify prospective clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Demtröder
- Department of Surgery, Marien Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Herne, Germany
| | - W Solass
- Institute of Pathology, Medical School Hanover, Hannover, Germany
| | - J Zieren
- Department of Surgery, Marien Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Herne, Germany
| | - D Strumberg
- Department of Internal Medicine, Oncology and Haematology, Marien Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Herne, Germany
| | - U Giger-Pabst
- Department of Surgery, Marien Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Herne, Germany
| | - M-A Reymond
- Department of Surgery, Marien Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Herne, Germany.,Department of Surgery, University of Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
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87
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Biau J, Devun F, Verrelle P, Dutreix M. [Dbait: An innovative concept to inhibit DNA repair and treat cancer]. Bull Cancer 2016; 103:227-35. [PMID: 26917468 DOI: 10.1016/j.bulcan.2016.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2015] [Revised: 01/11/2016] [Accepted: 01/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The ability of cancer cells to recognize damage and initiate DNA repair is an important mechanism for therapeutic resistance. The use of inhibitors of DNA damage repair or signaling pathways appears to provide a unique opportunity for targeting genetic differences between tumor and normal cells. In this review, we firstly describe the main DNA lesions induced by the different treatments and the pathways involved in their repair. Then we review the mechanism of action and applications of an innovative DNA repair inhibitor: Dbait (and its clinical form DT01). Dbait/DT01 consists of 32 bp deoxyribonucleotides forming an intramolecular DNA double helix that mimics DNA lesions. They act as a bait for DNA damage signaling enzymes, the polyadenyl-ribose polymerase (PARP), and the DNA-dependent kinase (DNA-PK), inducing a "false" DNA damage signal and ultimately inhibiting recruitment at the damage site of many proteins involved in double-strand break and single-strand break repair pathways. Preclinical studies have demonstrated the capacity of Dbait/DT01 to improve the efficiency of (i) chemotherapy in colorectal cancer or hepatocellular carcinoma models, (ii) radiofrequency ablative in colorectal cancer liver metastases models, and (iii) radiotherapy in xenografted mice with head & neck squamous cell carcinoma, glioblastoma and melanoma. Following this good preclinical results, we performed a first-in-human phase 1-2a study evaluating the safety and efficacy of the combination of DT01 with radiotherapy for the treatment of skin metastases of melanoma. Twenty-three patients were included. No dose-limiting toxicity was observed. An objective response was observed in 59% lesions, including 30% complete responses. This first promising clinical efficacy provides future potential interesting clinical development of Dbait/DT01 with various anticancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Biau
- Centre de recherche, institut Curie, 91400 Orsay, France; Centre national de la recherche scientifique, UMR3347, Orsay, France; Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale, U1021, Orsay, France; Université Paris Sud, Orsay, France; Clermont université, université d'Auvergne, EA7283 CREaT, 63011 Clermont-Ferrand, France; Centre Jean-Perrin, département de radiothérapie, 58, rue Montalembert, 63011 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
| | - Flavien Devun
- Centre de recherche, institut Curie, 91400 Orsay, France; DNA Therapeutics, 91000 Evry, France
| | - Pierre Verrelle
- Centre de recherche, institut Curie, 91400 Orsay, France; Clermont université, université d'Auvergne, EA7283 CREaT, 63011 Clermont-Ferrand, France; Centre Jean-Perrin, département de radiothérapie, 58, rue Montalembert, 63011 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Marie Dutreix
- Centre de recherche, institut Curie, 91400 Orsay, France; Centre national de la recherche scientifique, UMR3347, Orsay, France; Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale, U1021, Orsay, France; Université Paris Sud, Orsay, France
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88
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Kakchekeeva T, Demtröder C, Herath NI, Griffiths D, Torkington J, Solaß W, Dutreix M, Reymond MA. In Vivo Feasibility of Electrostatic Precipitation as an Adjunct to Pressurized Intraperitoneal Aerosol Chemotherapy (ePIPAC). Ann Surg Oncol 2016; 23:592-598. [PMID: 26842487 PMCID: PMC5149560 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-016-5108-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background Intraperitoneal chemotherapy is limited by tissue penetration. Pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy (PIPAC) has been shown to improve drug uptake by utilizing the physical properties of gas and pressure. This study investigated the effect of adding electrostatic precipitation to further enhance the pharmacologic properties of this technique. Methods A comparative study was performed using an in vivo porcine model. There were 3 cases in each group, PIPAC and electrostatic precipitation pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy (ePIPAC), plus 1 negative control comparing intraperitoneal distribution and tissue uptake of 2 tracer substances (toluidine blue and DT01). Tracer uptake was determined by measuring DT01 in tissue and peritoneal fluid at the end of each procedure. Results Electrostatic precipitation of the aerosol was technically feasible in all ePIPAC animals. The aerosol was cleared completely from the visual field within 15 s in the ePIPAC group versus 30 min in the PIPAC group. The peritoneal surface was homogeneously stained in both groups. After 30 min, 1.5 % remaining DT01 was measured in samples of ePIPAC-treated peritoneal fluid versus 15 % in PIPAC animals (p = 0.01). Tissue concentration was increased after ePIPAC versus PIPAC (p = 0.06). Conclusions ePIPAC is technically feasible and improves tissue uptake of 2 tracer substances compared to PIPAC by up to tenfold. Intraperitoneal distribution was homogeneous in both groups. ePIPAC has the potential to allow more efficient drug uptake, further dose reduction, a significant shortening of the time required for PIPAC application, and improved health and safety measures. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1245/s10434-016-5108-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tinatin Kakchekeeva
- Department of Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Cedric Demtröder
- Department of Surgery, Marien Hospital Herne, Ruhr University Bochum, Herne, Germany
| | | | | | - Jared Torkington
- Welsh Institute for Minimal Access Therapy (WIMAT), Cardiff, Wales, UK
| | - Wiebke Solaß
- Institute of Pathology, Medical School Hanover, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Marc A Reymond
- Department of Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany. .,Department of Surgery, Marien Hospital Herne, Ruhr University Bochum, Herne, Germany.
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89
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Nadiradze G, Giger-Pabst U, Zieren J, Strumberg D, Solass W, Reymond MA. Pressurized Intraperitoneal Aerosol Chemotherapy (PIPAC) with Low-Dose Cisplatin and Doxorubicin in Gastric Peritoneal Metastasis. J Gastrointest Surg 2016; 20:367-73. [PMID: 26511950 PMCID: PMC4722080 DOI: 10.1007/s11605-015-2995-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy (PIPAC) is a novel technique of intraperitoneal chemotherapy. First results obtained with PIPAC in patients with advanced peritoneal metastasis (PM) from gastric cancer (GC) are presented. METHODS Retrospective analysis: Sixty PIPAC were applied in 24 consecutive patients with PM from GC. 67 % patients had previous surgery, and 79 % previous platinum-based systemic chemotherapy. Mean Peritoneal Carcinomatosis Index (PCI) of 16 ± 10 and 18/24 patients had signet-ring GC. Cisplatin 7.5 mg/m(2) and doxorubicin 1.5 mg/m(2) were given for 30 min at 37 °C and 12 mmHg at 6 week intervals. Outcome criteria were survival, adverse events, and histological tumor response. RESULTS Median follow-up was 248 days (range 105-748), and median survival time was 15.4 months. Seventeen patients had repeated PIPAC, and objective tumor response was observed in 12 (12/24 = 50 %): no vital tumor cells = 6, major pathological response = 6, minor response = 3. Postoperative adverse events > CTCAE 2 were observed in 9 patients (9/24, 37.5 %). In 3/17 patients, a later PIPAC could not be performed due to non-access. Two patients (ECOG 3 and 4) died in the hospital due to disease progression. CONCLUSION PIPAC with low-dose cisplatin and doxorubicin was safe and induced objective tumor regression in selected patients with PM from recurrent, platinum-resistant GC. First survival data are encouraging and justify further clinical studies in this indication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgi Nadiradze
- />Department of Surgery, University of Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Urs Giger-Pabst
- />Department of Surgery, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Juergen Zieren
- />Department of Surgery, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Dirk Strumberg
- />Department of Internal Medicine, Oncology and Haematology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Wiebke Solass
- />Institute of Pathology, Medical School Hanover, Hanover, Germany
| | - Marc-André Reymond
- />Department of Surgery, University of Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany , />Department of Surgery, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany , />Marienhospital Herne, Ruhr University Bochum, Hölkeskampring 40, 44625 Herne, Germany
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90
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Khosrawipour V, Khosrawipour T, Diaz-Carballo D, Förster E, Zieren J, Giger-Pabst U. Exploring the Spatial Drug Distribution Pattern of Pressurized Intraperitoneal Aerosol Chemotherapy (PIPAC). Ann Surg Oncol 2015; 23:1220-4. [PMID: 26553440 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-015-4954-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy (PIPAC) is a novel approach to delivering intraperitoneal chemotherapy (IPC) as a pressurized aerosol. One of the assumed advantages is the homogeneous drug distribution in the intraperitoneal cavity compared with conventional liquid in situ chemotherapy. However, to date, the spatial drug distribution pattern of PIPAC has not been investigated in detail. METHODS Doxorubicin was aerosolized in an ex vivo PIPAC model containing native fresh tissue samples of swine peritoneum at a pressure of 12 mmHg CO2 at 36 °C. In the center of the top cover of the PIPAC chamber, a PIPAC micropump was installed. Tissue specimens were placed as follows: (A) bottom of the plastic box, (B) margin of the aerosol jet covered with a bilaterally open tunnel, (C) side wall, and (D) top cover, respectively. In-tissue doxorubicin penetration was measured using fluorescence microscopy on frozen thin sections. RESULTS The depth of doxorubicin penetration was found to be significantly higher in tissues directly exposed to the aerosol jet (A: 215 ± 79 µm) compared with the side wall (C: 77 ± 18 µm; p < 0.01) and the top of the box (D: 65 ± 17 µm; p < 0.01). The poorest penetration was observed for peritoneal tissue covered under a bilaterally open plastic tunnel (B: 34 ± 19 µm; p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The study data suggest that the spatial drug distribution pattern of ex vivo PIPAC is heterogeneous.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veria Khosrawipour
- Department of General Surgery & Therapy Center for Peritonealcarcinomatosis, St. Mary's Hospital Herne, Ruhr University Bochum, Herne, Germany.,Basic Research Laboratory Department of Surgery, St. Mary's Hospital Herne, Ruhr University Bochum, Herne, Germany
| | - Tanja Khosrawipour
- Basic Research Laboratory Department of Surgery, St. Mary's Hospital Herne, Ruhr University Bochum, Herne, Germany
| | - David Diaz-Carballo
- Department of Hematology & Medical Oncology, St. Mary's Hospital Herne, Ruhr University Bochum, Herne, Germany
| | - Eckart Förster
- Department of Neuroanatomy and Molecular Brain Research, Ruhr University Bochum, Herne, Germany
| | - Jürgen Zieren
- Department of General Surgery & Therapy Center for Peritonealcarcinomatosis, St. Mary's Hospital Herne, Ruhr University Bochum, Herne, Germany.,Basic Research Laboratory Department of Surgery, St. Mary's Hospital Herne, Ruhr University Bochum, Herne, Germany
| | - Urs Giger-Pabst
- Department of General Surgery & Therapy Center for Peritonealcarcinomatosis, St. Mary's Hospital Herne, Ruhr University Bochum, Herne, Germany. .,Basic Research Laboratory Department of Surgery, St. Mary's Hospital Herne, Ruhr University Bochum, Herne, Germany.
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91
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Tempfer CB. Pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy as an innovative approach to treat peritoneal carcinomatosis. Med Hypotheses 2015; 85:480-4. [PMID: 26277656 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2015.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2015] [Accepted: 07/06/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC) is difficult to treat and many efforts have been made to identify effective and safe treatments. One hypothetical way to increase the efficacy of chemotherapy regarding tumor eradication or tumor control is to apply chemotherapeutic agents into the abdomen in the form of a pressurized aerosol, taking advantage of the physical properties of gas and pressure. This new approach for treatment of PC is based on the assumption that (1) intraabdominal application of chemotherapy under pressure will enhance tumor drug uptake and (2) aerosolizing and spraying chemotherapy will enhance the area of peritoneal surface covered by the drug, (3) resulting in an improved anti-tumor efficacy. Ex vivo and in vitro models have tested this approach and have demonstrated good peritoneal cavity coverage, deep peritoneal drug infiltration, and technical feasibility. Occupational safety of this procedure has also been established. First evidence in humans with peritoneal cancer from ovarian cancer, gastric cancer, colon cancer, appendiceal cancer, and pseudomyxoma peritonei has been obtained suggesting clinical antitumor activity and procedural safety of repeated pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy (PIPAC) with cisplatin and doxorubicin. We hypothesize that PIPAC can effectively treat PC and will hence become part of the surgical and chemotherapeutical treatment spectrum of this disease in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clemens B Tempfer
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
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92
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Odendahl K, Solass W, Demtröder C, Giger-Pabst U, Zieren J, Tempfer C, Reymond MA. Quality of life of patients with end-stage peritoneal metastasis treated with Pressurized IntraPeritoneal Aerosol Chemotherapy (PIPAC). Eur J Surg Oncol 2015; 41:1379-85. [PMID: 26138283 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2015.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2015] [Revised: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 06/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Quality of Life (QoL) plays an important role in patients with peritoneal metastasis and is deteriorating continuously until death. Pressurized Intraperitoneal Aerosol Chemotherapy (PIPAC) is an innovative palliative treatment of peritoneal metastasis. We present the first QoL results under PIPAC therapy. METHODS Retrospective analysis of QLQ30 questionnaire results during repeated courses of PIPAC applications in palliative patients with pretreated peritoneal metastasis. RESULTS 91 patients (M:F = 40:51, median age 64 (34-77) years) with 158 PIPAC applications were analyzed. 86% patients had previously received systemic chemotherapy. Peritoneal metastasis was advanced (Peritoneal Carcinomatosis Index I = 16 ± 10). At admission, only moderate impairment of functioning (62-83%) and symptom scores (17-47%) was observed. 48 patients received at least 2 PIPAC every 6 weeks. After PIPAC # 1, the global physical score deteriorated slightly (from 82% to 75%), but improved after PIPAC # 2 (up to 89%). Gastrointestinal symptoms (nausea/vomiting, constipation, diarrhoea, anorexia) remained stable under PIPAC therapy. CONCLUSIONS Quality of life was relatively high in this group of patients with advanced, pretreated peritoneal metastasis, explaining their wish for further therapy. Functioning scores and disease-related symptoms were not altered for at least 3 months in the patients able to receive repeated PIPAC. Except for a transient moderate increase of pain scores, PIPAC did not cause therapy-related QoL deterioration, especially no gastrointestinal symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Odendahl
- Dept. of Surgery, University of Magdeburg, Germany
| | - W Solass
- Dept. of Surgery, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - C Demtröder
- Dept. of Surgery, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - U Giger-Pabst
- Dept. of Surgery, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - J Zieren
- Dept. of Surgery, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - C Tempfer
- Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - M A Reymond
- Dept. of Surgery, University of Magdeburg, Germany; Dept. of Surgery, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
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93
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Pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy in women with recurrent ovarian cancer: A phase 2 study. Gynecol Oncol 2015; 137:223-8. [PMID: 25701703 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2015.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Recurrent ovarian, fallopian or peritoneal cancer with peritoneal carcinomatosis (ROCPC) is resistant to systemic chemotherapy. We assessed the safety and activity of laparoscopic pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy (PIPAC) in women with this cancer. METHODS In this open-label, single-arm phase 2 study, patients underwent 3 courses q 28-42 days of PIPAC with doxorubicin 1·5 mg/m(2) followed by cisplatin 7·5 mg/m(2). A pressure of 12 mm Hg and a temperature of 37 °C were applied for 30 min/course. The primary endpoint was the proportion of patients who had an objective tumor response (OTR) according to RECIST version 1.1 criteria. Analysis was by intention to treat. Secondary endpoints were tumor regression on histology, PC Index improvement on repeated video-laparoscopy, and quality of life measured with the EORTC QLQ-30 questionnaire. RESULTS Sixty-four patients were enrolled. Laparoscopic non-access rate was 11/64 (17%). 53 patients were eligible for analyses. 33/53 (62%) patients had an OTR - three had a partial response and 30 patients had stable disease. Tumor regression on histology and PC Index improvement were observed in 26/34 (76%) and in 26/34 (76%) patients who underwent all 3 PIPACs. There were no treatment-related deaths. No grade 4 toxicity was observed. Grade 3 toxicities were trocar hernia (n=2), bowel obstruction (n=2), abdominal pain (n=2), hematoma (n=1), intraoperative bleeding (n=1), and cystitis with urosepsis (n=1). EORTC QLQ-30 global physical health scores, nausea/vomiting, appetite loss, diarrhea, and constipation improved during therapy. CONCLUSION PIPAC is well tolerated and active in women with ROCPC and warrants further investigation in these patients.
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Pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy (PIPAC) with cisplatin and doxorubicin in a woman with pseudomyxoma peritonei: A case report. Gynecol Oncol Rep 2014; 10:32-5. [PMID: 26076000 PMCID: PMC4434151 DOI: 10.1016/j.gore.2014.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2014] [Accepted: 10/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
This is the first report of pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy (PIPAC) in a woman with pseudomyxoma peritonei. PIPAC achieved clinical and histological disease remission. PIPAC with cisplatin and doxorubicin may be effective in pseudomyxoma peritonei.
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95
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Tempfer CB, Solass W, Reymond MA. Pressurized intraperitoneal chemotherapy (PIPAC) in women with gynecologic malignancies: a review. Wien Med Wochenschr 2014; 164:519-28. [PMID: 25249025 DOI: 10.1007/s10354-014-0312-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2014] [Accepted: 08/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to provide an overview of published and ongoing trials of pressurized intraperitoneal chemotherapy (PIPAC) in ovarian cancer. DESIGN The study comprised a systematic literature review. RESULTS We identified 10 studies, including 2 ex vivo and in vitro studies, 6 clinical studies, and 2 ongoing clinical trials using PIPAC in women with recurrent ovarian cancer and pseudomyxoma peritonei. Experimental evidence and clinical study data demonstrate that PIPAC increases peritoneal cavity coverage and depth of peritoneal infiltration, and is technically feasible. Occupational safety has been established. PIPAC has demonstrated antitumor activity based on histological, radiological, and clinical evidence. The toxicity of PIPAC is manageable and restricted to Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events grade 2-3 events when used without concomitant cytoreductive surgery. Further clinical trials assessing efficacy and dose escalation are ongoing. CONCLUSIONS PIPAC is technically feasible, has a safe local and systemic safety profile, and has antitumor activity in women with peritoneal carcinomatosis from recurrent ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clemens B Tempfer
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ruhr University Bochum, Hoelkeskampring 40, 44625, Herne, Germany,
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96
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Tempfer CB, Celik I, Solass W, Buerkle B, Pabst UG, Zieren J, Strumberg D, Reymond MA. Activity of Pressurized Intraperitoneal Aerosol Chemotherapy (PIPAC) with cisplatin and doxorubicin in women with recurrent, platinum-resistant ovarian cancer: preliminary clinical experience. Gynecol Oncol 2013; 132:307-11. [PMID: 24275155 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2013.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2013] [Revised: 11/10/2013] [Accepted: 11/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the activity of laparoscopic Pressurized IntraPeritoneal Aerosol Chemotherapy (PIPAC) in women with recurrent, platinum-resistant ovarian cancer. METHODS Prospective case series using repeated courses q 28-42 days of PIPAC containing cisplatin 7.5 mg/m(2) and doxorubicin 1.5 mg/m(2) at 12 mmHg and 37°C for 30 min. Objective tumor response was defined as tumor regression on histology and peritoneal carcinomatosis index (PCI) improvement on repeated video-laparoscopy. RESULTS 34 PIPAC procedures were performed in 18 women, in 8 instances combined with cytoreductive surgery (CRS). Eight women had repeated PIPAC and objective tumor response was observed in 6 (complete remission: 1; partial remission: 2; stable disease: 3). Five adverse events WHO grade ≥ 2 were noted, 3 of them after combined CRS. No perioperative mortality occurred. Median follow-up was 192 days (min. 13-max. 639). Cumulative survival after 400 days was 62% and mean actuarial survival time was 442 days. In a multivariable regression analysis with objective tumor response (yes vs. no) as the dependent variable and PIPAC (1 vs.>1), patient age (<75 vs.≥75 years), serum CA-125 (<1000 vs.>1000 U/mL), and the presence of ascites (yes vs. no) as independent variables, PIPAC independently predicted objective tumor response. CONCLUSION PIPAC has activity in women with recurrent, platinum-resistant ovarian cancer and should be investigated in prospective clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clemens B Tempfer
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
| | - Ilknur Celik
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Wiebke Solass
- Department of Surgery, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Bernd Buerkle
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Urs G Pabst
- Department of Surgery, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Juergen Zieren
- Department of Surgery, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Dirk Strumberg
- Department of Hemato-Oncology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
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97
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Solass W, Kerb R, Mürdter T, Giger-Pabst U, Strumberg D, Tempfer C, Zieren J, Schwab M, Reymond MA. Intraperitoneal chemotherapy of peritoneal carcinomatosis using pressurized aerosol as an alternative to liquid solution: first evidence for efficacy. Ann Surg Oncol 2013; 21:553-9. [PMID: 24006094 PMCID: PMC3929768 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-013-3213-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 235] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Background Peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC) is an unmet medical need. Despite recent improvements, systemic chemotherapy has limited efficacy. We report the first application of intraperitoneal chemotherapy as a pressurized aerosol in human patients.
Methods Three end-stage patients with advanced PC from gastric, appendiceal, and ovarian origin were treated as a compassionate therapy. All patients had received previous systemic chemotherapy. A pressurized aerosol of CO2 loaded with doxorubicin 1.5 mg/m2 and cisplatin 7.5 mg/m2 (pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy, PIPAC) was applied into the abdomen for 30 min at a pressure of 12 mmHg and a temperature of 37 °C. Results No side-effects >2 CTCAE were observed, and the procedures were well tolerated. Early hospital discharge was possible (days 2–5). Nuclear presence of doxorubicin was documented throughout the peritoneum, reaching high local concentration (≤4.1 μmol/g) and plasma concentration was low (4.0–6.2 ng/ml). PIPAC created no significant adhesions, could be repeated, and was applied 6×, 4×, and 2×. Two patients showed a complete and one a partial histological remission. Mean survival after the first PIPAC was 288 days. One patient is alive after 567 days. Conclusions PIPAC shows superior pharmacological properties with high local concentration and low systemic exposure. PIPAC can induce regression of PC in chemoresistant tumors, using 10 % of a usual systemic dose. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1245/s10434-013-3213-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wiebke Solass
- Institute of Pathology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
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Solass W, Giger-Pabst U, Zieren J, Reymond MA. Pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy (PIPAC): occupational health and safety aspects. Ann Surg Oncol 2013; 20:3504-11. [PMID: 23765417 PMCID: PMC3764316 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-013-3039-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Background Pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy (PIPAC) is a novel approach for treating peritoneal carcinomatosis. First encouraging results have been obtained in human patients. However, delivering chemotherapy as an aerosol might result in an increased risk of exposure to health care workers, as compared with other administration routes. Methods PIPAC was applied in two human patients using chemotherapeutic drugs (doxorubicin and cisplatin), and air contamination levels were measured under real clinical conditions. Air was collected on a cellulose nitrate filter with a flow of 22.5 m3/h. To exclude any risk for health care workers, both procedures were remote controlled. Toxicological research of cisplatin was performed according to NIOSH 7300 protocol. Sampling and analysis were performed by an independent certification organization. Results The following safety measures were implemented: closed abdomen, laminar airflow, controlled aerosol waste, and protection curtain. No cisplatin was detected in the air (detection limit < 0.000009 mg/m3) at the working positions of the surgeon and the anesthesiologist under real PIPAC conditions. Conclusions For the drugs tested, PIPAC is in compliance with European Community working safety law and regulations. Workplace contamination remains below the tolerance margin. The safety measures and conditions as defined above are sufficient. Further protecting devices, such as particulate (air purifying) masks, are not necessary. PIPAC can be used safely in the clinical setting if the conditions specified above are met. However, a toxicological workplace analysis must be performed to confirm that the procedure as implemented complies with local regulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wiebke Solass
- Department of Pathology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
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Blanco A, Giger-Pabst U, Solass W, Zieren J, Reymond MA. Renal and hepatic toxicities after pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy (PIPAC). Ann Surg Oncol 2013; 20:2311-6. [PMID: 23377563 PMCID: PMC3675273 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-012-2840-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2012] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Background Both in animal models and in human patients, pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy (PIPAC) has been shown to improve local bioavailability of chemotherapy in peritoneal nodules, as compared with conventional peritoneal lavage. Pharmacokinetic studies show a low drug concentration in peripheral venous blood. However, hepatic and renal toxicities induced by delivering chemotherapeutic drugs into the abdomen as a pressurized aerosol have not yet been investigated. Methods Liver and renal function as well as toxicity parameters were monitored after eight PIPAC applications with doxorubicin (1.5 mg/m2 body surface) and cisplatin (7.5 mg/m2 body surface) in three end-stage patients suffering therapy-resistant peritoneal carcinomatosis. PIPAC was repeated at 4-week intervals (three times in two patients, twice in one patient). Peripheral venous blood was collected preoperatively and then daily until the 5th postoperative day, and sent to the hospital’s clinical chemistry laboratory. Statistical analysis was performed by analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results Gamma-glutamyltransferase was significantly elevated (p < 0.05) in the early postoperative phase. Glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase [aspartate aminotransferase], glutamic pyruvic transaminase [alanine aminotransferase], and bilirubin levels were not influenced by the procedure. Quick-test remained normal. Serum creatinine levels were not altered. Conclusions Under the above conditions, PIPAC did not induce clinically relevant liver cytotoxicity. Liver metabolism and function were not altered. Renal function remained within the normal range. No cumulative toxicity was observed after repeated PIPAC. PIPAC appears to be associated with very limited hepatic and renal toxicity, which might be a significant advantage over other administration routes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Blanco
- Department of Surgery, Marienhospital Herne, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
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