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Kamimura K, Yokoo T, Abe H, Terai S. Gene Therapy for Liver Cancers: Current Status from Basic to Clinics. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11121865. [PMID: 31769427 PMCID: PMC6966544 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11121865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The liver is a key organ for metabolism, protein synthesis, detoxification, and endocrine function, and among liver diseases, including hepatitis, cirrhosis, malignant tumors, and congenital disease, liver cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Conventional therapeutic options such as embolization and chemotherapy are not effective against advanced-stage liver cancer; therefore, continuous efforts focus on the development of novel therapeutic options, including molecular targeted agents and gene therapy. In this review, we will summarize the progress toward the development of gene therapies for liver cancer, with an emphasis on recent clinical trials and preclinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenya Kamimura
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-25-227-2207; Fax: +81-25-227-0776
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El Kassas M, Tawheed A, Eltabbakh M, Kaseb A. Hepatitis C Antiviral Therapy In Patients With Successfully Treated Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Dancing With Wolves. J Hepatocell Carcinoma 2019; 6:183-191. [PMID: 31819865 PMCID: PMC6879003 DOI: 10.2147/jhc.s206668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is known to be one of the leading causes of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) all over the world. Previously, multiple studies have confirmed a decreased rate of HCC occurrence or recurrence in the cases of hepatitis C associated cirrhosis after treatment with interferon, in comparison to the untreated cases, even in the absence of clearance of HCV. Treatment programs with direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) as a new method for HCV treatment and cure in 2014, with higher safety and efficacy, were considered as an important step in the treatment of patients with history of HCC, improving their overall prognosis. Recently, reports coming from various European centers claimed that the risk of HCC increased following DAAs therapy, especially in cases with previous HCC. Moreover, other studies revealed that the recurrence of HCC after DAAs treatment was more aggressive. Even though others were not able to conclude the same results, the role of DAA therapy in recurrence of HCC in patients with previous HCC after sustained virological response (SVR) achievement remains questionable. This review explored the existing literature and discussed opinions on the possibility of increasing recurrence of HCC following DAA therapy, possible mechanisms, predictors of HCC recurrence post DAAs, and whether those patients should be treated or not. ![]()
Point your SmartPhone at the code above. If you have a QR code reader the video abstract will appear. Or use: https://youtu.be/OjaWtKLEttw
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed El Kassas
- Endemic Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Tawheed
- Endemic Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Eltabbakh
- Tropical Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Kaseb
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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Zhang HT, Sun J, Yan Y, Cui SH, Wang H, Wang CH, Qiu C, Chen X, Ding JS, Qian HG, Wang JC, Zhang Q. Encapsulated microRNA by gemcitabine prodrug for cancer treatment. J Control Release 2019; 316:317-330. [PMID: 31733293 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2019.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Although microRNAs (miRNAs) function as the important tumor gene regulators, they still confront with many challenges in systemic delivery. Here, the amphiphilic gemcitabine-oleic acid prodrugs (GOA) binding miRNAs with hydrogen bond are assembled into nanoparticles (GOA/miR NPs) through hydrophobic interaction via denaturation-annealing processes and nano-precipitation technique. The non-cationic GOA/miR NPs with an average size of ~150 nm and a zeta potential of ~ - 15 mV exhibit a stable encapsulation of miRNAs with non-sequence selectivity. Either miR-122 or miR-34a encapsulated in the GOA/miR NPs is efficiently delivered into HepG2 cells and significantly downregulate the expression levels of target gene after lysosome escape and pH-responsive disassembly. Moreover, in vivo experiments demonstrate that the GOA/miR-122 NPs exhibit higher tumor accumulation. Compared to GOA micelles, GOA/miR-122 NPs displayed stronger tumor inhibition (73% regression) after intravenous injection in nude mice xenografted with HCC, along with rapid clearance in normal liver tissues. Furthermore, there is no significant influence on biochemical indicators and immune factors during the systematic administration of GOA/miR-122 NPs. The non-cationic GOA/miR NPs engineered by hydrogen bond interaction and hydrophobic forces show the enhanced synergistic antitumor efficacy and good biosafety, which will provide a potential nanomedcine for HCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Tao Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, XueYuan Rd 38, Haidian Dist, Beijing 100191, China; Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Jing Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, XueYuan Rd 38, Haidian Dist, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yi Yan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, XueYuan Rd 38, Haidian Dist, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Shi-He Cui
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, XueYuan Rd 38, Haidian Dist, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Hao Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, YinChuan, NingXia 750004, China
| | - Cheng-Han Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, XueYuan Rd 38, Haidian Dist, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Chong Qiu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, XueYuan Rd 38, Haidian Dist, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, XueYuan Rd 38, Haidian Dist, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jin-Song Ding
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Hong-Gang Qian
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, No. 52 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Jian-Cheng Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, XueYuan Rd 38, Haidian Dist, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, XueYuan Rd 38, Haidian Dist, Beijing 100191, China
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Yang X, Sun L, Wang L, Yao B, Mo H, Yang W. LncRNA SNHG7 accelerates the proliferation, migration and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma cells via regulating miR-122-5p and RPL4. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 118:109386. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
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Shi L, Zheng X, Fan Y, Yang X, Li A, Qian J. The contribution of miR-122 to the innate immunity by regulating toll-like receptor 4 in hepatoma cells. BMC Gastroenterol 2019; 19:130. [PMID: 31340754 PMCID: PMC6657172 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-019-1048-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a kind of malignancies to impact human health. It has been reported that aberrant toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling may contribute to the development and progression of HCC, especially TLR4. MiR-122, which extensively involved in hepatitis virus infection and the apoptosis of hepatoma cells, might be decreased in HCC patients livers. The hypothesis of this study was whether miR-122 plays a role in inflammatory pathways through regulating TLR4 expression in hepatoma cells. METHODS The expression of miR-122 in the tissues of HCC patients compared to controls in TCGA datasets was analyzed. The relationship between miR-122 and TLR4 was detected in HCC cell lines by increasing/decreasing miR-122 expression. The target of miR-122 on TLR4 was confirmed by luciferase reporter assays. The proliferation of HCC cells and production of proinflammatory cytokines were measured with miR-122 upregulation and inhibition. RESULTS We found that the expression of miR-122 was decreased in HCC tissues and showed the diagnostic capacity for HCC in TCGA datasets. MiR-122 and TLR4 expression have negative correlation in normal liver cells and HCC cells. Upregulation of miR-122 significantly inhibited TLR4 expression in hepatoma cells, including in hepatoma cells with the induction of LPS, while knocking down miR-122 increased TLR4 expression. By screening potential miR-122 targets among TLR4, we found that there was a putative miR-122 target in TLR4 3'UTR. Mutations in the nt1603-nt1609 region of TLR4 3'UTR abandoned the impact of miR-122 on TLR4 expression. Over-expression/down-expression of miR-122 could influence the proliferation and the expression of natural immune factors. CONCLUSIONS MiR-122 might target TLR4 and regulate host innate immunity in hepatoma cells, which revealed a new molecular mechanism of miR-122 on the regulation of innate immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyu Shi
- Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University, No. 194, Xuefu Road, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang province, China.,Wu Lien-Teh institutes, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang province, China
| | - Xiaoqiu Zheng
- Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University, No. 194, Xuefu Road, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang province, China.,Wu Lien-Teh institutes, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang province, China
| | - Yuzhuo Fan
- Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University, No. 194, Xuefu Road, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang province, China
| | - Xiaolan Yang
- Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University, No. 194, Xuefu Road, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang province, China.,Wu Lien-Teh institutes, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang province, China
| | - Aimei Li
- Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University, No. 194, Xuefu Road, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang province, China.,Wu Lien-Teh institutes, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang province, China
| | - Jun Qian
- Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University, No. 194, Xuefu Road, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang province, China. .,Wu Lien-Teh institutes, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang province, China.
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Chen X, Zhu X, Wei Z, Lv Q. Integrated mRNA‐Seq and miRNA‐Seq analysis of PLCγ2‐overexpressing hepatocarcinoma cells and identification of the associated miRNA‐mRNA network. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:19878-19890. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoguang Chen
- Animal Science and Technology School Henan University of Science and Technology Luoyang China
| | - Xuemin Zhu
- Animal Science and Technology School Henan University of Science and Technology Luoyang China
| | - Zhiguo Wei
- Animal Science and Technology School Henan University of Science and Technology Luoyang China
| | - Qiongxia Lv
- Animal Science and Technology School Henan University of Science and Technology Luoyang China
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El Kassas M, Elbaz T, Salaheldin M, Abdelsalam L, Kaseb A, Esmat G. Impact of treating chronic hepatitis C infection with direct-acting antivirals on the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma: The debate continues - A mini-review. J Adv Res 2019; 17:43-48. [PMID: 31193326 PMCID: PMC6526204 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2019.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Revised: 01/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus clearance is expected in more than 95% of patients treated with direct-acting antivirals (DAAs). However, an extensive debate about the impact of DAAs on the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is currently ongoing. This review aimed to explore currently available evidence about the relationship between DAAs and HCC development. The American studies and some European studies clearly showed no relation, while the Japanese and Egyptian studies and the other European studies showed an increased risk of developing HCC after DAA exposure. These conflicting results may be due to geographical and ethnic variations and differences in the design and inclusion criteria among the studies. After reviewing the data from these different studies, it seems that some patients are at increased risk of developing HCC after DAA exposure. Identifying those at increased risk is very important for the management of HCC in light of the potentially major consequences of HCC for the patients' quality of life and the subsequent major burden imposed on healthcare resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed El Kassas
- Endemic Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Tamer Elbaz
- Endemic Medicine and Hepatogastroenterology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Salaheldin
- Tropical Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Lobna Abdelsalam
- Genome Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Kaseb
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Texas, USA
| | - Gamal Esmat
- Endemic Medicine and Hepatogastroenterology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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58
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Zuo X, Chen Z, Cai J, Gao W, Zhang Y, Han G, Pu L, Wu Z, You W, Qin J, Dai X, Shen H, Wu J, Wang X. 5-Hydroxytryptamine Receptor 1D Aggravates Hepatocellular Carcinoma Progression Through FoxO6 in AKT-Dependent and Independent Manners. Hepatology 2019; 69:2031-2047. [PMID: 30561038 DOI: 10.1002/hep.30430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Serotonin and its receptors have been shown to play critical regulatory roles in cancer biology. Nevertheless, the contributions of 5-hydroxytryptamine 1D (5-HT1D), an indispensable member of the serotonergic system, to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain unknown. The present study demonstrated that the 5-HT1D expression level was significantly up-regulated in HCC tissues and cell lines. The 5-HT1D expression level was closely correlated with unfavorable clinicopathological characteristics. Survival analyses show that elevated 5-HT1D expression level predicts poor overall survival and high recurrence probability in HCC patients. Functional studies revealed that 5-HT1D significantly promoted HCC proliferation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and metastasis in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, 5-HT1D could stabilize PIK3R1 by inhibiting its ubiquitin-mediated degradation. The interaction between 5-HT1D and phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit 1 (PIK3R1) enhanced the expression of FoxO6 through the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway; FoxO6 could also be directly transcriptionally activated by 5-HT1D in an Akt-independent manner. MicroRNA-599 was found to be an upstream suppressive modulator of 5-HT1D. Additionally, 5-HT1D could attenuate tryptophan hydroxylase 1 expression through the PI3K/Akt/cut-like homeobox 1 axis in HCC. Conclusion: Herein, we uncovered the potent oncogenic effect of 5-HT1D on HCC by interacting with PIK3R1 to activate the PI3K/Akt/FoxO6 pathway, and provided a potential therapeutic target for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueliang Zuo
- Hepatobiliary Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation, Nanjing, China.,Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Zhiqiang Chen
- Hepatobiliary Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation, Nanjing, China
| | - Juan Cai
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Wen Gao
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- Hepatobiliary Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation, Nanjing, China
| | - Guoyong Han
- Hepatobiliary Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation, Nanjing, China
| | - Liyong Pu
- Hepatobiliary Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhengshan Wu
- Hepatobiliary Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei You
- Hepatobiliary Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianjie Qin
- Hepatobiliary Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinzheng Dai
- Hepatobiliary Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongbing Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jindao Wu
- Hepatobiliary Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation, Nanjing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xuehao Wang
- Hepatobiliary Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation, Nanjing, China
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Tao X, Yang X, Wu K, Yang L, Huang Y, Jin Q, Chen S. miR-629-5p promotes growth and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma by activating β-catenin. Exp Cell Res 2019; 380:124-130. [PMID: 30954576 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2019.03.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Aberrant miR-629-5p expression in several cancer types has been reported. Nonetheless, its potential effect and mechanism of action on tumor growth and metastasis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have rarely been analyzed. In this study, we found that miR-629-5p was upregulated in HCC tissue samples as compared to matched adjacent-tissue samples. Overexpression of miR-629-5p promoted the proliferation, migration, and invasiveness of human HCC cells in vitro, whereas miR-629-5p knockdown reduced these parameters. Consistently, miR-629-5p overexpression accelerated tumor growth and metastasis in a nude mouse model. Mechanistically, miR-629-5p directly targeted the 3' untranslated region (3'UTR) of the secreted frizzled-related protein 2 (SFRP2) mRNA and suppressed its expression, resulting in the activation of β-catenin. Inhibition of β-catenin abrogated miR-629-5p-induced growth and invasiveness. Collectively, these results suggest that miR-629-5p activates β-catenin signaling by downregulating SFRP2 and thus promotes the growth and metastasis of HCC. These data open up new prospects for HCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Tao
- Department of Infectious Disease, Heping Hospital Attached to Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, 046000, China
| | - Xiaoxia Yang
- Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, 046000, China
| | - Kexin Wu
- Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, 046000, China
| | - Liang Yang
- Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, 046000, China
| | - Yufei Huang
- Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, 046000, China
| | - Qian Jin
- Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, 046000, China
| | - Suling Chen
- Department of Infectious Disease, Heping Hospital Attached to Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, 046000, China.
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Zhang H, Zhang Z, Gao L, Qiao Z, Yu M, Yu B, Yang T. miR-1-3p suppresses proliferation of hepatocellular carcinoma through targeting SOX9. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:2149-2157. [PMID: 30962696 PMCID: PMC6434909 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s197326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Liver cancer was the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death in 2015. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of liver cancer. miR-1-3p plays important roles in cancer, including prostate, bladder, lung cancer, and colorectal carcinoma. The function of miR-1-3p in HCC remains poorly understood. Methods qRT-PCR was performed to detect the miR-1-3p expression in HCC cell lines (HCCLM3, Hep3B, Bel-7404, SMMC-7721) and the normal human hepatic cell line (LO2). HCCLM3 and Bel-7404 cells were transfected with miR-1-3p mimic or scramble control followed by water-soluble tetrazolium salt (WST-1) assay. Western bolt analysis was performed to determine the protein levels. TargetScan7.1 (http://www.targetscan.org/vert_71/) was used to predict the potential targets of miR-1-3p. SRY (sex determining region Y)-box 9 (SOX9), which has been previously shown to play an important role in HCC, was found to be a target of miR-1-3p. Luciferase reporter assay was used to explore the targeting of miR-1-3p on SOX9. For in vivo tumorigenesis assay, HCCLM3 cells with stable overexpression of miR-1-3p or control plasmid were injected subcutaneously into the flank of the SCID mice and animals were monitored for tumor growth. Results miR-1-3p was significantly downregulated in HCC cell lines (HCCLM3, Hep3B, Bel-7404, and SMMC-7721) compared to normal human hepatic cell line (LO2). Overexpression of miR-1-3p significantly inhibited the proliferation and induced apoptosis in HCCLM3 and Bel-7474 cells. SOX9 was a direct target of miR-1-3p in HCC cells. Inhibition of SOX9 significantly inhibited the proliferation of HCCLM3 and Bel-7474 cells. In vivo, overexpression of miR-1-3p decreased tumor volume in a xenograft model. Conclusion These results highlight the role of miR-1-3p in HCC. Overexpression of miR-1-3P inhibited the proliferation of HCC at least partly due to the regulation of SOX9. miR-1-3p may be a promising therapeutic candidate for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai 201399, People's Republic of China, ,
| | - Zhenya Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Hebei Medical University Fourth Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050011, People's Republic of China
| | - Lili Gao
- Center for Medical Research and Innovation, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai 201399, People's Republic of China,
| | - Zhengdong Qiao
- Center for Medical Research and Innovation, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai 201399, People's Republic of China,
| | - Minghua Yu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai 201399, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai 201399, People's Republic of China, , .,Center for Medical Research and Innovation, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai 201399, People's Republic of China,
| | - Tao Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai 201399, People's Republic of China, ,
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Ning Q, Liu YF, Ye PJ, Gao P, Li ZP, Tang SY, He DX, Tang SS, Wei H, Yu CY. Delivery of Liver-Specific miRNA-122 Using a Targeted Macromolecular Prodrug toward Synergistic Therapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:10578-10588. [PMID: 30802029 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b00634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) poses a great threat to human health. The elegant combination of gene therapy and chemotherapy by nanocarriers has been repeatedly highlighted to realize enhanced therapeutic efficacy relative to monotreatment. However, the leading strategy to achieve the efficient codelivery of the gene and drug remains the electrostatic condensation with the nucleic acid and the hydrophobic encapsulation of drug molecules by the nanocarriers, which suffers substantially from premature drug leakage during circulation and severe off-target-associated side effects. To address these issues, we reported in this study the codelivery of liver-specific miRNA-122 and anti-cancer drug 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu) using a macromolecular prodrug approach, that is, electrostatic condensation with miRNA-122 using galactosylated-chitosan-5-fluorouracil (GC-FU). The delivery efficacy was evaluated comprehensively in vitro and in vivo. Specifically, the biocompatibility of GC-FU/miR-122 nanoparticles (NPs) was assessed by hemolysis activity analysis, BSA adsorption test, and cell viability assay in both normal liver cells (L02 cells) and endothelial cells. The resulting codelivery systems showed enhanced blood and salt stability, efficient proliferation inhibition of HCC cells, and further induction apoptosis of HCC cells, as well as downregulated expression of ADAM17 and Bcl-2. The strategy developed herein is thus a highly promising platform for an effective codelivery of miRNA-122 and 5-Fu with facile fabrication and great potential for the clinical translation toward HCC synergistic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Ning
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory for Antibody-based Drug and Intelligent Delivery System , Hunan University of Medicine , Huaihua 418000 , China
| | | | | | - Pei Gao
- Chemistry Department , Eastern Kentucky University , Richmond , Kentucky 40475 , United States
| | | | | | | | - Sheng-Song Tang
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory for Antibody-based Drug and Intelligent Delivery System , Hunan University of Medicine , Huaihua 418000 , China
| | - Hua Wei
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory for Antibody-based Drug and Intelligent Delivery System , Hunan University of Medicine , Huaihua 418000 , China
| | - Cui-Yun Yu
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory for Antibody-based Drug and Intelligent Delivery System , Hunan University of Medicine , Huaihua 418000 , China
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Deng M, Qin Y, Chen X, Wang Q, Wang J. MiR-206 inhibits proliferation, migration, and invasion of gastric cancer cells by targeting the MUC1 gene. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:849-859. [PMID: 30774372 PMCID: PMC6355168 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s180021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background MicroRNAs (miRNAs) can regulate the post-transcriptional level of gene expression. It has been documented that downregulation of miR-206 is significant in human gastric cancer (GC), whereas its role in GC cell biological behaviors, including proliferation, migration, and invasion, has not been thoroughly investigated. MiR-206 levels have a negative association with lymph node metastasis and tumor invasion, and patients with higher miR-206 expression have better prognoses. Functional studies demonstrated that miR-206 overexpression significantly suppresses GC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, and induces apoptosis in vitro. Materials and methods MiR-206 and MUC1 were determined by RNA extraction, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and luciferase reporter gene assays. The viability of GC cells was tested using the Cell Counting Kit 8 assay. Transwell invasion and migration assays detected GC cancer cell proliferation, invasion, and migration. Flow cytometry was applied to analyze apoptotic cells. FACS analysis was applied to detect the mitochondrial membrane potential of cells. Western blotting assay determined protein levels. Results The luciferase reporter gene assay demonstrated that miR-206 might directly bind to the 3'UTR of the MUC1 gene and suppress MUC1 expression. Furthermore, MUCI expression was upregulated and inversely associated with miR-206 levels in GC tissues. More importantly, the miR-206-mediated suppression of proliferation, migration, and invasion, and the induction of apoptosis, were abrogated by MUC1 overexpression. Conclusion Our data demonstrated that miR-206 may exert antitumor activities through inhibiting the expression of MUC1, which may serve as an effective and potential target for GC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Deng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233004, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiyu Qin
- Clinical Medical College, Research Centre of Biomedical Technology, Yancheng Institute of Health Sciences, Yancheng, Jiangsu 224005, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaodong Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233004, People's Republic of China,
| | - Qizhi Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233004, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianchao Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233004, People's Republic of China
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Jilek JL, Zhang QY, Tu MJ, Ho PY, Duan Z, Qiu JX, Yu AM. Bioengineered Let-7c Inhibits Orthotopic Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Improves Overall Survival with Minimal Immunogenicity. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2019; 14:498-508. [PMID: 30753993 PMCID: PMC6370598 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2019.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2018] [Revised: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains a leading cause of cancer-related deaths, warranting better therapies. Restoration of tumor-suppressive microRNAs depleted in hepatocellular carcinoma represents a new therapeutic strategy. Herein, we sought to identify a potent microRNA (miRNA) agent that could alleviate HCC tumor burden and improve survival. Among a collection of bioengineered noncoding RNA molecules produced through bacterial fermentation, we identified let-7c agent as the most potent inhibitor of HCC cell viability. Bioengineered let-7c selectively modulated target gene expression (Lin-28 homolog B [LIN28B], AT-rich interactive domain-containing protein 3B [ARID3B], B cell lymphoma-extra large [Bcl-xl], and c-Myc) in HCC cells, and consequently induced apoptosis and inhibited tumorsphere growth. When formulated with liposomal-branched polyethylenimine polyplex, bioengineered let-7c exhibited serum stability up to 24 h. Furthermore, liposomal polyplex-formulated let-7c could effectively reduce tumor burden and progression in orthotopic HCC mouse models, while linear polyethyleneimine-formulated let-7c to a lower degree, as revealed by live animal and ex vivo tissue imaging studies. This was also supported by reduced serum α-fetoprotein and bilirubin levels in let-7c-treated mice. In addition, lipopolyplex-formulated let-7c extended overall survival of HCC tumor-bearing mice and elicited no or minimal immune responses in healthy immunocompetent mice and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. These results demonstrate that bioengineered let-7c is a promising molecule for advanced HCC therapy, and liposomal polyplex is a superior modality for in vivo RNA delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph L Jilek
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, UC Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Qian-Yu Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, UC Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Mei-Juan Tu
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, UC Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Pui Yan Ho
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, UC Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Zhijian Duan
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, UC Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Jing-Xin Qiu
- Department of Pathology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Ai-Ming Yu
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, UC Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.
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Aberrant Metabolism in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Provides Diagnostic and Therapeutic Opportunities. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:7512159. [PMID: 30524660 PMCID: PMC6247426 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7512159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounts for over 80% of liver cancer cases and is highly malignant, recurrent, drug-resistant, and often diagnosed in the advanced stage. It is clear that early diagnosis and a better understanding of molecular mechanisms contributing to HCC progression is clinically urgent. Metabolic alterations clearly characterize HCC tumors. Numerous clinical parameters currently used to assess liver functions reflect changes in both enzyme activity and metabolites. Indeed, differences in glucose and acetate utilization are used as a valid clinical tool for stratifying patients with HCC. Moreover, increased serum lactate can distinguish HCC from normal subjects, and serum lactate dehydrogenase is used as a prognostic indicator for HCC patients under therapy. Currently, the emerging field of metabolomics that allows metabolite analysis in biological fluids is a powerful method for discovering new biomarkers. Several metabolic targets have been identified by metabolomics approaches, and these could be used as biomarkers in HCC. Moreover, the integration of different omics approaches could provide useful information on the metabolic pathways at the systems level. In this review, we provided an overview of the metabolic characteristics of HCC considering also the reciprocal influences between the metabolism of cancer cells and their microenvironment. Moreover, we also highlighted the interaction between hepatic metabolite production and their serum revelations through metabolomics researches.
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Cao F, Yin LX. miR-122 enhances sensitivity of hepatocellular carcinoma to oxaliplatin via inhibiting MDR1 by targeting Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Exp Mol Pathol 2018; 106:34-43. [PMID: 30539797 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2018.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the primary causes of cancer-related death and resistance to cytotoxic chemotherapy is the major cause of mortality in HCC patients. miR-122 is a liver specific miRNA and is found to be reduced in HCC, however, the function of miR-122 in HCC chemosensitivity remains elusive. METHODS We used qRT-PCR to measure expressions of miR-122, β-catenin and MDR1 in four HCC cell lines. And we assessed the effects of miR-122 or β-catenin on cell viability and apoptosis upon oxaliplatin (OXA) treatment by MTT assay and flow cytometry. In addition, we validated the interactions of miR-122/β-catenin and β-catenin/MDR1 by dual luciferase reporter assay and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP). Western blotting was used to determine the protein levels of β-catenin, Wnt1 and MDR1. In the end, we verified the anti-tumor effect of miR-122 in vivo by using mouse tumor xenograft model. RESULTS We found that miR-122 was down-regulated in HCC cells. Up-regulation of miR-122 or inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin signaling promoted HCC cells apoptosis and increased the sensitivity of HCC cells to OXA. On the molecular level, we showed that miR-122 directly targeted and suppressed Wnt/β-catenin pathway while β-catenin bound with MDR1 promoter and activated its transcription. Overexpression of miR-122 inhibited MDR1 expression via directly suppressing Wnt/β-catenin pathway. CONCLUSION Our study fully demonstrated that miR-122 inhibits MDR1 expression via suppression of Wnt/β-catenin pathway, thereby enhancing HCC sensitivity to OXA. Therefore, miR-122 could serve as a novel potential therapeutic target for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Cao
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, P.R. China
| | - Li-Xue Yin
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Ultrasonic Cardiac Electrophysiology and Biomechanics of Sichuan Province, Department of Cardiovascular Ultrasound and Non-invasive Cardiology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu 610072, P.R. China.
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Cheng D, Deng J, Zhang B, He X, Meng Z, Li G, Ye H, Zheng S, Wei L, Deng X, Chen R, Zhou J. LncRNA HOTAIR epigenetically suppresses miR-122 expression in hepatocellular carcinoma via DNA methylation. EBioMedicine 2018; 36:159-170. [PMID: 30195653 PMCID: PMC6197532 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2018.08.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Revised: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background MicroRNA-122 (miR-122), a pivotal liver-specific miRNA, is frequently repressed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and associated with poor prognosis. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) HOTAIR has been proved to function as an oncogene in multiple cancers including HCC. However, the relationship between HOTAIR and miR-122 in HCC remains largely unknown. Methods We investigated the function of HOTAIR and miR-122 in HCC cell models and a xenograft mouse model. The regulatory network between HOTAIR and miR-122 was further detected following overexpression or knockdown of HOTAIR. DNA methylation status of miR-122 promoter region, as well as expression levels of DNMTs, EZH2 and Cyclin G1 were analyzed. Findings In this study, we found that HOTAIR was highly expressed whereas miR-122 was suppressed in HCC, and HOTAIR negatively regulated miR-122 expression in HCC cells. Furthermore, knockdown of HOTAIR dramatically inhibited HCC cell proliferation and induced cell cycle arrest in vitro and suppressed tumorigenicity in vivo by upregulating miR-122 expression. Mechanistically, a CpG island was located in the miR-122 promoter region. HOTAIR epigenetically suppressed miR-122 expression via DNMTs-mediated DNA methylation. Moreover, HOTAIR upregulated DNMTs expression via EZH2. In addition, suppression of miR-122 induced by HOTAIR directly reactivated oncogene Cyclin G1 expression. Collectively, our results suggest that HOTAIR epigenetically suppresses miR-122 expression via DNA methylation, leading to activation of Cyclin G1 and promotion of tumorigenicity in HCC, which provide new insight into the mechanism of HOTAIR-mediated hepatocarcinogenesis via suppressing miR-122. HOTAIR is highly expressed in HCC, and negatively regulates miR-122 expression in HCC cells. HOTAIR increased HCC cell proliferation and tumor growth through downregulating miR-122 expression. HOTAIR epigenetically suppressed miR-122 expression via DNMTs-mediated DNA methylation. HOTAIR upregulated DNMTs expression via EZH2. HOTAIR increased cyclin G1 expression through repressing miR-122.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Cheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, PR China; Department of Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, PR China
| | - Junge Deng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, PR China; Department of Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, PR China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, PR China; Department of Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, PR China
| | - Xiaoyu He
- Laboratory of Biomechanics and Physiology, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Sports Science, Guangzhou 510663, PR China
| | - Zhe Meng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, PR China
| | - Guolin Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, PR China; Department of Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, PR China
| | - Huilin Ye
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, PR China; Department of Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, PR China
| | - Shangyou Zheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, PR China; Department of Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, PR China
| | - Lusheng Wei
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, PR China; Department of Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, PR China
| | - Xiaogeng Deng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, PR China; Department of Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, PR China
| | - Rufu Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, PR China; Department of Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, PR China.
| | - Jiajia Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, PR China; Department of Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, PR China.
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Wang M, Yu F, Li P. Circular RNAs: Characteristics, Function and Clinical Significance in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2018; 10:cancers10080258. [PMID: 30072625 PMCID: PMC6116001 DOI: 10.3390/cancers10080258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. HCC patients are commonly diagnosed at an advanced stage, for which highly effective therapies are limited. Moreover, the five-year survival rate of HCC patients remains poor due to high frequency of tumor metastasis and recurrence. These challenges give rise to the emergent need to discover promising biomarkers for HCC diagnosis and identify novel targets for HCC therapy. Circular RNAs (circRNAs), a class of long-overlook non-coding RNA, have been revealed as multi-functional RNAs in recent years. Growing evidence indicates that circRNA expression alterations have a broad impact in biological characteristics of HCC. Most of these circRNAs regulate HCC progression by acting as miRNA sponges, suggesting that circRNAs may function as promising diagnostic biomarkers and ideal therapeutic targets for HCC. In this review, we summarize the current progress in studying the functional role of circRNAs in HCC pathogenesis and present their potential values as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets. In-depth investigations on the function and mechanism of circRNAs in HCC will enrich our knowledge of HCC pathogenesis and contribute to the development of effective diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Wang
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical College of Qingdao University, Dengzhou Road 38, Qingdao 266021, China.
| | - Fei Yu
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical College of Qingdao University, Dengzhou Road 38, Qingdao 266021, China.
| | - Peifeng Li
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical College of Qingdao University, Dengzhou Road 38, Qingdao 266021, China.
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Cao N, Li M, Han J, Wang Y, Wang X. rs61991156 in miR-379 is associated with low capability of glycolysis of gastric cancer by enhanced regulation of PKM2. Cancer Cell Int 2018; 18:92. [PMID: 29997453 PMCID: PMC6031137 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-018-0593-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Glycolysis is an important metabolic oncogenic change also play a pivot role in the Warburg effect. Glycolysis related gene PKM2 expressed differently individually. Presently, we sought to investigate the effect of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) at rs61991156 of miR-379 on gastric cancer (GC) proliferation and metabolism. Methods The genotype of rs61991156 in miR-379 was investigated by using real-time PCR. The glycolysis-related metabolites were determined by using GC–TOF–MS. The biological effects of rs61991156 in miR-379 was explored by in vitro studies. Results In this study, we found that rs61991156 in miR-379 was involved in the occurrence of GC by acting on the 3′UTR region of PKM2. The clinical data analysis revealed that A > G in rs187960998 was significantly associated with better differentiation, small tumor size, and non-metastasis. In vitro study further revealed that A > G SNP of miR-379 could decrease GC cell proliferation as well as the promoter activity and expression of PKM2. The glycolysis of the patients with miR-379 GG genotype was significantly lower than AG and AA genotype by metabolomics analysis. The patients with AA genotype have significantly lower PKM2 expression compared to the G carrier, while there is no significant expression difference in miR-379 expression. Patients with AA genotype have significantly shorter survival rate compared to the G carrier. Conclusion rs61991156 in miR-379 was highly associated with a decreased risk, well differentiation and better post-surgery survival in Chinese population by inhibiting the expression of PKM2. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12935-018-0593-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Cao
- Department of Medical Affairs, Nanjing Center Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Meng Li
- 2Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210008 China
| | - Jun Han
- 2Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210008 China
| | - Yongren Wang
- 3Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaowei Wang
- 2Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210008 China
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Suehiro T, Miyaaki H, Kanda Y, Shibata H, Honda T, Ozawa E, Miuma S, Taura N, Nakao K. Serum exosomal microRNA-122 and microRNA-21 as predictive biomarkers in transarterial chemoembolization-treated hepatocellular carcinoma patients. Oncol Lett 2018; 16:3267-3273. [PMID: 30127924 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) have been investigated as potential novel biomarkers, and miR-122 and miR-21 were shown to be important in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We analyzed the importance of serum exosomal miRNA expression levels in HCC patients that underwent transarterial chemoembolization (TACE). Seventy-five HCC patients who underwent TACE as the initial treatment in Nagasaki University Hospital were enrolled. Exosomal miRNAs were isolated from serum samples collected before and after TACE. Exosomal miR-122 expression levels significantly decreased after TACE (P=0.012), while the exosomal miR-21 expression levels did not significantly change. The expression levels of exosomal miR-122 before TACE were shown to correlate significantly with aspartate aminotransferase (r=0.31, P=0.004) and alanine aminotransferase (r=0.33, P=0.003) levels, tumor diameter (r=0.29, P=0.010) and Child-Pugh score (r=-0.28, P=0.013). The median survival time for all patients was 47 months, and neither of the investigated exosomal miRNAs were shown to be independent factors associated with the disease-specific survival. According to the median relative expression of miR-122 after TACE/before TACE (miR-122 ratio) in liver cirrhosis patients (n=57), the patients with a higher miR-122 ratio had significantly longer disease-specific survival, compared with that of the patients with the lower miR-122 ratio (P=0.0461). Multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis of clinical parameters revealed that a lower exosomal miR-122 ratio (HR 2.720; 95% confidence interval, 1.035-8.022; P=0.042) is associated with the disease-specific survival. Taken together, our results demonstrate that the exosomal miR-122 level alterations may represent a predictive biomarker in HCC patients with liver cirrhosis treated with TACE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyuki Suehiro
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan
| | - Hisamitsu Miyaaki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan
| | - Yasuko Kanda
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan
| | - Hidetaka Shibata
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan
| | - Takuya Honda
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan
| | - Eisuke Ozawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan
| | - Satoshi Miuma
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan
| | - Naota Taura
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Nakao
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan
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Rivero-Hinojosa S, Lau LS, Stampar M, Staal J, Zhang H, Gordish-Dressman H, Northcott PA, Pfister SM, Taylor MD, Brown KJ, Rood BR. Proteomic analysis of Medulloblastoma reveals functional biology with translational potential. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2018; 6:48. [PMID: 29880060 PMCID: PMC5992829 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-018-0548-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Genomic characterization has begun to redefine diagnostic classifications of cancers. However, it remains a challenge to infer disease phenotypes from genomic alterations alone. To help realize the promise of genomics, we have performed a quantitative proteomics investigation using Stable Isotope Labeling by Amino Acids in Cell Culture (SILAC) and 41 tissue samples spanning the 4 genomically based subgroups of medulloblastoma and control cerebellum. We have identified and quantitated thousands of proteins across these groups and find that we are able to recapitulate the genomic subgroups based upon subgroup restricted and differentially abundant proteins while also identifying subgroup specific protein isoforms. Integrating our proteomic measurements with genomic data, we calculate a poor correlation between mRNA and protein abundance. Using EPIC 850 k methylation array data on the same tissues, we also investigate the influence of copy number alterations and DNA methylation on the proteome in an attempt to characterize the impact of these genetic features on the proteome. Reciprocally, we are able to use the proteome to identify which genomic alterations result in altered protein abundance and thus are most likely to impact biology. Finally, we are able to assemble protein-based pathways yielding potential avenues for clinical intervention. From these, we validate the EIF4F cap-dependent translation pathway as a novel druggable pathway in medulloblastoma. Thus, quantitative proteomics complements genomic platforms to yield a more complete understanding of functional tumor biology and identify novel therapeutic targets for medulloblastoma.
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Morishita A, Masaki T. MicroRNAs as possible biomarkers for hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatol Res 2018; 48:499-501. [PMID: 29633526 DOI: 10.1111/hepr.13078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Revised: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Asahiro Morishita
- Department of Gastroenterology and Neurology, Kagawa University Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Masaki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Neurology, Kagawa University Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa, Japan
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MDM2-p53 Interactions in Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma: What Is the Role of Nutlins and New Therapeutic Options? J Clin Med 2018; 7:jcm7040064. [PMID: 29584707 PMCID: PMC5920438 DOI: 10.3390/jcm7040064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most common cancer and is associated with poor prognosis worldwide. The molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of HCC have been an area of continuing interest, and recent studies using next generation sequencing (NGS) have revealed much regarding previously unsettled issues. Molecular studies using HCC samples have been mainly targeted with the aim to identify the fundamental mechanisms contributing to HCC and identify more effective treatments. In response to cellular stresses (e.g., DNA damage or oncogenes), activated p53 elicits appropriate responses that aim at DNA repair, genetic stability, cell cycle arrest, and the deletion of DNA-damaged cells. On the other hand, the murine double minute 2 (MDM2) oncogene protein is an important cellular antagonist of p53. MDM2 negatively regulates p53 activity through the induction of p53 protein degradation. However, current research has shown that the mechanisms underlying MDM2-p53 interactions are more complex than previously thought. Microarray data have added new insight into the transcription changes in HCC. Recently, Nutlin-3 has shown potency against p53-MDM2 binding and the enhancement of p53 stabilization as well as an increment of p53 cellular accumulation with potential therapeutic effects. This review outlines the molecular mechanisms involved in the p53-MDM2 pathways, the biological factors influencing these pathways, and their roles in the pathogenesis of HCC. It also discusses the action of Nutlin-3 treatment in inducing growth arrest in HCC and elaborates on future directions in research in this area. More research on the biology of p53-MDM2 interactions may offer a better understanding of these mechanisms and discover new biomarkers, sensitive prognostic indicators as well as new therapeutic interventions in HCC.
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Butt AS, Sharif F, Abid S. Impact of direct acting antivirals on occurrence and recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma: Biologically plausible or an epiphenomenon? World J Hepatol 2018; 10:267-276. [PMID: 29527262 PMCID: PMC5838445 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v10.i2.267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Revised: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Chronic hepatitis C virus infection (HCV) is the most common cause of HCC in many European countries, Japan and Pakistan. Introduction of the new direct acting antivirals (DAAs) has revolutionized the management of HCV worldwide, with high rates of sustained virologic response in patients who could not have tolerated the previous interferon based treatments. However, recently there have been reports raising caution about the long term effects of DAAs, particularly a possible increased risk of HCC. Therefore this review explores the current molecular studies as well as clinical data that investigate the impact of DAAs on occurrence and recurrence of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amna Subhan Butt
- Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi 74800, Pakistan
| | - Fatima Sharif
- Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi 74800, Pakistan
| | - Shahab Abid
- Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi 74800, Pakistan
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74
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Verano-Braga T, Gorshkov V, Munthe S, Sørensen MD, Kristensen BW, Kjeldsen F. SuperQuant-assisted comparative proteome analysis of glioblastoma subpopulations allows for identification of potential novel therapeutic targets and cell markers. Oncotarget 2018; 9:9400-9414. [PMID: 29507698 PMCID: PMC5823648 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly aggressive brain cancer with poor prognosis and low survival rate. Invasive cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) are responsible for tumor recurrence because they escape current treatments. Our main goal was to study the proteome of three GBM subpopulations to identify key molecules behind GBM cell phenotypes and potential cell markers for migrating cells. We used SuperQuant-an enhanced quantitative proteome approach-to increase proteome coverage. We found 148 proteins differentially regulated in migrating CSCs and 199 proteins differentially regulated in differentiated cells. We used Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) to predict upstream regulators, downstream effects and canonical pathways associated with regulated proteins. IPA analysis predicted activation of integrin-linked kinase (ILK) signaling, actin cytoskeleton signaling, and lysine demethylase 5B (KDM5B) in CSC migration. Moreover, our data suggested that microRNA-122 (miR-122) is a potential upstream regulator of GBM phenotypes as miR-122 activation was predicted for differentiated cells while its inhibition was predicted for migrating CSCs. Finally, we validated transferrin (TF) and procollagen-lysine 2-oxoglutarate 5-dioxygenase 2 (PLOD2) as potential markers for migrating cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago Verano-Braga
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Vladimir Gorshkov
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Sune Munthe
- Department of Pathology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.,Department of Neurosurgery, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Mia D Sørensen
- Department of Pathology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Bjarne W Kristensen
- Department of Pathology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Frank Kjeldsen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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75
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Schueller F, Roy S, Vucur M, Trautwein C, Luedde T, Roderburg C. The Role of miRNAs in the Pathophysiology of Liver Diseases and Toxicity. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19010261. [PMID: 29337905 PMCID: PMC5796207 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19010261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Revised: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Both acute and chronic liver toxicity represents a major global health burden and an important cause of morbidity and lethality worldwide. Despite epochal progress in the treatment of hepatitis C virus infections, pharmacological treatment strategies for most liver diseases are still limited and new targets for prevention or treatment of liver disease are urgently needed. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) represent a new class of highly conserved small non-coding RNAs that are involved in the regulation of gene expression by targeting whole networks of so called “targets”. Previous studies have shown that the expression of miRNAs is specifically altered in almost all acute and chronic liver diseases. In this context, it was shown that miRNA can exert causal roles, being pro- or anti-inflammatory, as well as pro- or antifibrotic mediators or being oncogenes as well as tumor suppressor genes. Recent data suggested a potential therapeutic use of miRNAs by targeting different steps in the hepatic pathophysiology. Here, we review the function of miRNAs in the context of acute and chronic liver diseases. Furthermore, we highlight the potential role of circulating microRNAs in diagnosis of liver diseases and discuss the major challenges and drawbacks that currently prevent the use of miRNAs in clinical routine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Schueller
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
| | - Sanchari Roy
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
| | - Mihael Vucur
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
| | - Christian Trautwein
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
| | - Tom Luedde
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Hepatobiliary Oncology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
| | - Christoph Roderburg
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
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RNA-binding protein AUF1 suppresses miR-122 biogenesis by down-regulating Dicer1 in hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncotarget 2018; 9:14815-14827. [PMID: 29599909 PMCID: PMC5871080 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the common cancers worldwide, especially in developing countries. Although the chronic infections of hepatitis B and C viruses have been established as the etiological factors of HCC, the mechanism for the tumorigenesis and development of HCC is still unclear. The liver-specific microRNA-122 (miR-122), an established tumor-suppressor miRNA, is often down-regulated in HCC, while the underlying mechanism is not well understood. Here we report that the AU-rich element-binding factor AUF1 suppresses the expression of Dicer1, the type III RNase that is required for microRNA maturation, leading to the inhibited biogenesis of miR-122. Overexpression of AUF1 led to the decreased expression of Dicer1 and miR-122, while the level of the miR-122 precursor (pre-miR-122) was increased. On the other hand, siRNA of AUF1 (siAUF1) increased the levels of Dicer1 mRNA and miR-122, but it reduced the abundance of pre-miR-122. Consistent with the reported data, this study demonstrated that AUF1 and Dicer1 showed opposite expression pattern in both human HCC tissues and cell lines. In addition, AUF1 inhibited the expression of Dicer1 by interacting with the 3′ untranslated region (3′UTR) and coding region of DICER1 mRNA. Moreover, the knockdown of AUF1 by siRNA altered the expression of other miRNAs and promoted HCC cell death. In conclusion, AUF1 down-regulates the expression miR-122 by interacting with the 3′UTR and coding region of DICER1 mRNA and suppressing Dicer1 expression. The AUF1/Dicer1/miR-122 pathway might play a critical role in the development of HCC.
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Fu H, Zhang J, Pan T, Ai S, Tang L, Wang F. miR‑378a enhances the sensitivity of liver cancer to sorafenib by targeting VEGFR, PDGFRβ and c‑Raf. Mol Med Rep 2018; 17:4581-4588. [PMID: 29328399 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.8390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver cancer is a globally prevalent cancer with poor prognosis. The present study investigated the link between microRNA-378a (miR‑378a) expression and the sensitivity of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and hepatoblastoma (HB) cancers to sorafenib therapy. miR‑378a expression was determined in liver tissue samples from healthy candidates and patients with liver cancer using the reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The antitumor effects of miR‑378a alone and in combination with sorafenib were investigated in the HB cell line HepG2 and the HCC cell line SMMC‑7721 with methyl thiazoyl tetrazolium, colony formation, flow cytometry and Transwell migration assays. The underlying mechanisms were investigated using western blot analysis. miR‑378a expression was decreased in tissue samples from patients with liver cancer. HCC and HB cell line proliferation and invasion ability was inhibited by miR‑378a. The combination of miR‑378a and sorafenib provided the greatest inhibition. Western blot indicated that mitogen activated protein kinase signaling pathway proteins, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor, platelet derived growth factor receptor β, Raf‑1 proto‑oncogene, serine/threonine kinase and matrix metallopeptidase 2 were regulated by miR‑378a alone and to a greater extent when combined with sorafenib. Results suggest that miR‑378a can inhibit liver cancer cell growth and enhance the sensitivity of liver cancer cells to sorafenib‑based chemotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxia Fu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442000, P.R. China
| | - Jicai Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442000, P.R. China
| | - Tongshan Pan
- Department of Pediatrics, Danjiangkou First Hospital, Danjiangkou, Hubei 442700, P.R. China
| | - Shuying Ai
- Department of Oncology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442000, P.R. China
| | - Li Tang
- Department of Neurology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442000, P.R. China
| | - Fengqin Wang
- Department of Oncology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442000, P.R. China
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Huang X, Gong S, Ma Y, Cai X, Zhou L, Luo Y, Li M, Liu W, Zhang S, Zhang X, Ren Q, Zhu Y, Zhou X, Zhang R, Chen L, Gao X, Zhang F, Wang Y, Han X, Ji L. Lower Circulating miR-122 Level in Patients with HNF1A Variant-Induced Diabetes Compared with Type 2 Diabetes. J Diabetes Res 2018; 2018:7842064. [PMID: 30155490 PMCID: PMC6093029 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7842064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Revised: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
miR-122, the expression of which is regulated by several transcription factors, such as HNF1A, was recently reported to be associated with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and hepatocellular carcinoma. HNF1A variants can cause diabetes and might be involved in the development of primary liver neoplasm. Differences in miR-122 expression among different types of diabetes have not been studied. This study aimed to investigate differences in serum miR-122 levels in Chinese patients with different forms of diabetes, including T2DM, type 1 diabetes (T1DM), HNF1A variant-induced diabetes (HNF1A-DM), glucokinase variant-induced diabetes (GCK-DM), and mitochondrial A3243G mutation-induced diabetes (MDM). In total, 12 HNF1A-DM patients, 24 gender-, age-, and body mass index-matched (1 : 2) T2DM patients and 24 healthy subjects were included in this study. In addition, 30 monogenic diabetes (11 GCK-DM and 19 MDM) and 17 T1DM patients were included. Fasted blood biochemistry and miR-122 were measured. The results showed that the HNF1A-DM patients had lower miR-122 levels [0.046 (0.023, 0.121)] than T2DM patients [0.165 (0.036, 0.939), P = 0.02] and healthy controls [0.249 (0.049, 1.234), P = 0.019]. The area under the curve of the receiver operating characteristic curve for miR-122 to discriminate HNF1A-DM and T2DM was 0.687 (95% CI: 0.52-0.86, P = 0.07). There was no difference in serum miR-122 among HNF1A-DM, GCK-DM, MDM, and T1DM patients. Lower serum miR-122 is a unique feature of HNF1A-DM patients and might partially explain the increased risk for liver neoplasm and abnormal lipid metabolism in HNF1A-DM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuting Huang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Diabetes Center, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Siqian Gong
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Diabetes Center, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Yumin Ma
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Diabetes Center, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Xiaoling Cai
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Diabetes Center, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Lingli Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Diabetes Center, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Yingying Luo
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Diabetes Center, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Meng Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Diabetes Center, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Diabetes Center, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Simin Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Diabetes Center, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Xiuying Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Diabetes Center, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Qian Ren
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Diabetes Center, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Yu Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Diabetes Center, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Xianghai Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Diabetes Center, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Diabetes Center, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Ling Chen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Diabetes Center, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Xueying Gao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Diabetes Center, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Fang Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Diabetes Center, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Yanai Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Diabetes Center, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Xueyao Han
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Diabetes Center, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Linong Ji
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Diabetes Center, Beijing, 100044, China
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79
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Li C, Deng M, Hu J, Li X, Chen L, Ju Y, Hao J, Meng S. Chronic inflammation contributes to the development of hepatocellular carcinoma by decreasing miR-122 levels. Oncotarget 2017; 7:17021-34. [PMID: 26933995 PMCID: PMC4941368 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 02/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Persistent inflammation in chronic hepatitis plays a major role in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this study, the major inflammatory cytokines expressed in chronic hepatitis, IL-6 and TNF-α, induced a marked decrease in microRNA-122 (miR-122) levels, and miR-122 expression was downregulated in the livers of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients. The decrease of miR-122 caused upregulation of the proinflammatory chemokine CCL2. IL-6 and TNF-α suppressed miR-122 both by directly downregulating the transcription factor C/EBPα and indirectly upregulating c-myc, which blocks C/EBPα-mediated miR-122 transcription. In addition, IL-6 and TNF-α levels were elevated and miR-122 levels were decreased in mouse and rat models of diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced HCC. Restoration of miR-122 levels through delivery of agomir-122 suppressed DEN-induced hepatocarcinogenesis in mice. Our results show that inflammation-induced miR-122 downregulation in hepatitis contributes to carcinogenesis and suggest that increasing miR-122 may be an effective strategy for preventing HCC development in CHB patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changfei Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China
| | - Mengmeng Deng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China
| | - Jun Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China
| | - Xin Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China
| | - Lizhao Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China
| | - Ying Ju
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China
| | - Junli Hao
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Songdong Meng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China
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80
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Zeidler R, de Freitas Soares BL, Bader A, Giri S. Molecular epigenetic targets for liver diseases: current challenges and future prospects. Drug Discov Today 2017; 22:1620-1636. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2017.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2016] [Revised: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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81
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Involvement of inflammation and its related microRNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncotarget 2017; 8:22145-22165. [PMID: 27888618 PMCID: PMC5400654 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most commonly diagnosed type of cancer. The tumor inflammatory microenvironment regulates almost every step towards liver tumorigenesis and subsequent progression, and regulation of the inflammation-related signaling pathways, cytokines, chemokines and non-coding RNAs influences the proliferation, migration and metastasis of liver tumor cells. Inflammation fine-tunes the cancer microenvironment to favor epithelial-mesenchymal transition, in which cancer stem cells maintain tumorigenic potential. Emerging evidence points to inflammation-related microRNAs as crucial molecules to integrate the complex cellular and molecular crosstalk during HCC progression. Thus understanding the mechanisms by which inflammation regulates microRNAs might provide novel and admissible strategies for preventing, diagnosing and treating HCC. In this review, we will update three hypotheses of hepatocarcinogenesis and elaborate the most predominant inflammation signaling pathways, i.e. IL-6/STAT3 and NF-κB. We also try to summarize the crucial tumor-promoting and tumor-suppressing microRNAs and detail how they regulate HCC initiation and progression and collaborate with other critical modulators in this review.
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82
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Alamoudi AA, Alnoury A, Gad H. miRNA in tumour metabolism and why could it be the preferred pathway for energy reprograming. Brief Funct Genomics 2017; 17:157-169. [DOI: 10.1093/bfgp/elx023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
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83
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The hepatocyte-specific HNF4α/miR-122 pathway contributes to iron overload-mediated hepatic inflammation. Blood 2017; 130:1041-1051. [PMID: 28655781 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2016-12-755967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatic iron overload (IO) is a major complication of transfusional therapy. It was generally thought that IO triggers substantial inflammatory responses by producing reactive oxygen species in hepatic macrophages. Recently, a decrease in microRNA-122 (miR-122) expression was observed in a genetic knockout (Hfe-/-) mouse model of IO. Because hepatocyte-enriched miR-122 is a key regulator of multiple hepatic pathways, including inflammation, it is of interest whether hepatocyte directly contributes to IO-mediated hepatic inflammation. Here, we report that IO induced similar inflammatory responses in human primary hepatocytes and Thp-1-derived macrophages. In the mouse liver, IO resulted in altered expression of not only inflammatory genes but also >230 genes that are known targets of miR-122. In addition, both iron-dextran injection and a 3% carbonyl iron-containing diet led to upregulation of hepatic inflammation, which was associated with a significant reduction in HNF4α expression and its downstream target, miR-122. Interestingly, the same signaling pathway was changed in macrophage-deficient mice, suggesting that macrophages are not the only target of IO. Most importantly, hepatocyte-specific overexpression of miR-122 rescued IO-mediated hepatic inflammation. Our findings indicate the direct involvement of hepatocytes in IO-induced hepatic inflammation and are informative for developing new molecular targets and preventative therapies for patients with major hemoglobinopathy.
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84
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Liu G, Wang H, Fu JD, Liu JY, Yan AG, Guan YY. A five-miRNA expression signature predicts survival in hepatocellular carcinoma. APMIS 2017; 125:614-622. [PMID: 28430373 DOI: 10.1111/apm.12697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to identify a microRNA (miRNA) expression signature for predicting HCC (hepatocellular carcinoma) survival. A total of 322 HCC patients in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database were randomly divided into training and testing set. miRNAs, associated with survival time in the training set, were identified by using univariate Cox regression analysis. The risk score was formulated based on the expression levels of these miRNAs. Then the miRNA signature was validated in testing set through Kaplan-Meier analysis and log-rank test. hsa-miR-301a, hsa-miR-132, hsa-miR-212, hsa-miR-489, and hsa-miR-1468 were identified to formulate risk score in training set and used to calculate the risk score of each patients in testing set. About 161 patients in testing set were segregated into high- and low-risk group according to the median risk score. The survival time of high-risk group was significantly shorter (p = 0.0248) than low-risk group in testing test. The target genes of five miRNAs were significantly enriched in valine, leucine, and isoleucine degradation pathway and PPAR signaling pathway. hsa-miR-1468 had an up-regulated tendency in HCC tissues compared to adjacent tumor tissues. The expression of hsa-miR-301a, hsa-miR-132, hsa-miR-212, hsa-miR-489, and hsa-miR-1468, which might be potential biomarkers to evaluate HCC patients' prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Liu
- Department of Infectious Disease, People's Hospital of Rizhao, Rizhao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Infectious Disease, People's Hospital of Rizhao, Rizhao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jin-Dong Fu
- Department of Gastroenterology, People's Hospital of Rizhao, Rizhao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jing-Ying Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, People's Hospital of Rizhao, Rizhao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ai-Guo Yan
- Department of Infectious Disease, People's Hospital of Rizhao, Rizhao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yan-Yan Guan
- Department of Infectious Disease, People's Hospital of Rizhao, Rizhao, Shandong Province, China
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85
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Yan JJ, Chang Y, Zhang YN, Lin JS, He XX, Huang HJ. miR-195 inhibits cell proliferation via targeting AEG-1 in hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2017; 13:3118-3126. [PMID: 28529562 PMCID: PMC5431445 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.5826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2015] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence has indicated that microRNAs (miRNAs) are frequently dysregulated and are fundamental in the pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the roles of miR-195 in HCC have not been well elucidated. In the present study, the expression of miR-195 was determined to be markedly downregulated in HCC tissues and cell lines, as compared with normal liver cells. Restoration of miR-195 expression resulted in significant inhibition of the proliferation and tumorigenicity of HCC cells in vitro and in vivo. Gene expression data and luciferase reporter assays revealed that miR-195 is able to directly inhibit the expression of astrocyte elevated gene 1 (AEG-1) through interaction with its 3′ untranslated region. Consistently, an inverse correlation between miR-195 and AEG-1 expression was observed in HCC tissues. Furthermore, the overexpression of AEG-1 was able to partially attenuate the miR-195-induced inhibition of cell growth and promotion of apoptosis. Taken together, these findings indicate that miR-195 functions as a tumor suppressor by inhibiting AEG-1. This pathway may provide new insights into the potential molecular mechanisms of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Jun Yan
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China.,Department of Emergency Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Ying Chang
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Nan Zhang
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Ju-Sheng Lin
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Xing-Xing He
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Huan-Jun Huang
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
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de Paula Simino LA, de Fante T, Figueiredo Fontana M, Oliveira Borges F, Torsoni MA, Milanski M, Velloso LA, Souza Torsoni A. Lipid overload during gestation and lactation can independently alter lipid homeostasis in offspring and promote metabolic impairment after new challenge to high-fat diet. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2017; 14:16. [PMID: 28239403 PMCID: PMC5319047 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-017-0168-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Nutritional status in early life is critically involved in the metabolic phenotype of offspring. However the changes triggered by maternal consumption of high-fat diet (HFD) in pre- or postnatal period should be better understood. Here we evaluated whether maternal HFD consumption during gestation and lactation could differently affect liver miR-122 and miR-370 expression leading to metabolic damages observed in offspring. Moreover, we investigate whether early overnutrition program offspring to more harmful response to HFD in later life. Methods Female mice were fed either a standard chow (SC) diet or a HFD three weeks before and during mating, gestation and/or lactation. Offspring were evaluated on the delivery day (d0), in a cross-fostering model at day 28 (d28) and in adult life, after a re-challenge with a HFD (d82). Results In vitro analysis using liver cell line showed that palmitate could induced decrease in miR-122 and increase in miR-370 expression. Newborn pups (d0) from obese dams showed a decrease in lipid oxidation markers (Cpt1a and Acadvl), an increase in triacylglycerol synthesis markers (Agpat and Gpam), as well as lower miR-122 and higher miR-370 hepatic content that was inversely correlated to maternal serum NEFA and TAG. Pups fostered to SC dams presented an increase in body weight and Agpat/Gpam expression at d28 compared to pups fostered to HFD dams and an inverse correlation was observed between miR-122 hepatic expression and offspring serum TAG. In adult life (d82), the reintroduction of HFD resulted in higher body weight gain and hepatic lipid content. These effects were accompanied by impairment in lipid and glucose metabolism, demonstrated by reduced Cpt1a/Acadvl and increased Agpat/Gpam expression, lower glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity. Conclusion Our data suggest that both gestational and lactation overnutrition results in metabolic changes that can permanently alter lipid homeostasis in offspring. The presence of fatty acids in maternal blood and milk seem to be responsible for modulating the expression of miR-122 and miR-370, which are involved in liver metabolism. These alterations significantly increase susceptibility to obesity and ectopic lipid accumulation and lead to a more harmful response to HFD in offspring. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12986-017-0168-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laís Angélica de Paula Simino
- Laboratory of Metabolic Disorders, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas -UNICAMP, Limeira, São Paulo Brazil
| | - Thaís de Fante
- Laboratory of Metabolic Disorders, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas -UNICAMP, Limeira, São Paulo Brazil
| | - Marina Figueiredo Fontana
- Laboratory of Metabolic Disorders, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas -UNICAMP, Limeira, São Paulo Brazil
| | - Fernanda Oliveira Borges
- Laboratory of Metabolic Disorders, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas -UNICAMP, Limeira, São Paulo Brazil
| | - Márcio Alberto Torsoni
- Laboratory of Metabolic Disorders, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas -UNICAMP, Limeira, São Paulo Brazil
| | - Marciane Milanski
- Laboratory of Metabolic Disorders, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas -UNICAMP, Limeira, São Paulo Brazil
| | - Lício Augusto Velloso
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University Of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo Brazil
| | - Adriana Souza Torsoni
- Laboratory of Metabolic Disorders, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas -UNICAMP, Limeira, São Paulo Brazil
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Koduru SV, Tiwari AK, Leberfinger A, Hazard SW, Kawasawa YI, Mahajan M, Ravnic DJ. A Comprehensive NGS Data Analysis of Differentially Regulated miRNAs, piRNAs, lncRNAs and sn/snoRNAs in Triple Negative Breast Cancer. J Cancer 2017; 8:578-596. [PMID: 28367238 PMCID: PMC5370502 DOI: 10.7150/jca.17633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 11/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States and is a major public health concern worldwide. Basic, clinical and epidemiological research is leading to improved cancer detection, prevention, and outcomes. Recent technological advances have allowed unbiased and comprehensive screening of genome-wide gene expression. Small non-coding RNAs (sncRNAs) have been shown to play an important role in biological processes and could serve as a diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic biomarker for specific diseases. Recent findings have begun to reveal and enhance our understanding of the complex architecture of sncRNA expression including miRNAs, piRNAs, lncRNAs, sn/snoRNAs and their relationships with biological systems. We used publicly available small RNA sequencing data that was derived from 24 triple negative breast cancers (TNBC) and 14 adjacent normal tissue samples to remap various types of sncRNAs. We found a total of 55 miRNAs were aberrantly expressed (p<0.005) in TNBC samples (8 miRNAs upregulated; 47 downregulated) compared to adjacent normal tissues whereas the original study reported only 25 novel miRs. In this study, we used pathway analysis of differentially expressed miRNAs which revealed TGF-beta signaling pathways to be profoundly affected in the TNBC samples. Furthermore, our comprehensive re-mapping strategy allowed us to discover a number of other differentially expressed sncRNAs including piRNAs, lncRNAs, sn/snoRNAs, rRNAs, miscRNAs and nonsense-mediated decay RNAs. We believe that our sncRNA analysis workflow is extremely comprehensive and suitable for discovery of novel sncRNAs changes, which may lead to the development of innovative diagnostic and therapeutic tools for TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinivas V Koduru
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA 17033
| | - Amit K Tiwari
- Department of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toledo - Health Sciences Campus, 300 Arlington Ave, Toledo, OH 43614
| | - Ashley Leberfinger
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA 17033
| | - Sprague W Hazard
- Department of Anesthesia, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA 17033
| | - Yuka Imamura Kawasawa
- Department of Pharmacology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Institute for Personalized Medicine, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA17033
| | - Milind Mahajan
- Genomics Facility, Department of Genetics and Genomics Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Ave, New York, NY 10029
| | - Dino J Ravnic
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA 17033
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Yarushkin AA, Kazantseva YA, Kobelev VS, Pustylnyak YA, Pustylnyak VO. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ activation inhibits liver growth through miR-122-mediated downregulation of cMyc. Eur J Pharmacol 2017; 797:39-44. [PMID: 28095325 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Revised: 01/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Although NR1C3 agonists inhibit cell growth, the molecular mechanism of their action has not been thoroughly characterized to date. A recent study demonstrated that NR1C3 can regulate miR-122 by binding to its promoter. Given that miR-122 can indirectly regulate cMyc-mediated promitogenic signaling by targeting E2f1, we hypothesized that NR1C3 activation inhibits hepatocyte proliferation through miR-122-mediated cMyc downregulation. In the present study, we examined if liver hyperplasia induced by a strong chemical mitogen for the liver, 1,4-bis[2-(3,5-dichloropyridyloxy)]benzene (TCPOBOP), which is an agonist of NR1I3, can be repressed by NR1C3 activation through miR-122 upregulation. Acute TCPOBOP treatment caused a significant increase in liver-to-body weight ratio. The liver mass increase was accompanied with miR-122 downregulation. ChIP assays demonstrated that TCPOBOP-activated NR1I3 accumulated on the DR1 site in the pri-miR-122 promoter; and the NR1I3 accumulation is accompanied by a decrease in miR-122 and an increase in E2f1 and its transcription target cMyc. Rosiglitazone (Ros) treatment, which is an agonist of NR1C3, caused an opposite effect on liver-to-body weight ratio. When Ros was given with TCPOBOP, it attenuated the inhibitory effect of TCPOBOP on miR-122. Moreover, Ros treatment inhibited the NR1I3 binding with the DR1 site in the pri-miR-122 promoter. Furthermore, the increase of miR-122 produced by Ros was correlated with the downregulation of its targets, E2f1 and cMyc. Thus, our finding demonstrated that the liver growth inhibitory effect of NR1C3 activation was at least partly related to the decrease of cMyc though the activation of miR-122 and the downregulation of E2f1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrei A Yarushkin
- The Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Timakova str., 2/12, Novosibirsk 630117, Russia
| | - Yuliya A Kazantseva
- The Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Timakova str., 2/12, Novosibirsk 630117, Russia
| | - Vyacheslav S Kobelev
- The Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Timakova str., 2/12, Novosibirsk 630117, Russia
| | - Yuliya A Pustylnyak
- The Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Timakova str., 2/12, Novosibirsk 630117, Russia; Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova str., 1, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Vladimir O Pustylnyak
- The Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Timakova str., 2/12, Novosibirsk 630117, Russia; Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova str., 1, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
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de Paula Simino LA, de Fante T, Figueiredo Fontana M, Oliveira Borges F, Torsoni MA, Milanski M, Velloso LA, Souza Torsoni A. Lipid overload during gestation and lactation can independently alter lipid homeostasis in offspring and promote metabolic impairment after new challenge to high-fat diet. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2017. [PMID: 28239403 DOI: 10.1186/sl2986-017-0168-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nutritional status in early life is critically involved in the metabolic phenotype of offspring. However the changes triggered by maternal consumption of high-fat diet (HFD) in pre- or postnatal period should be better understood. Here we evaluated whether maternal HFD consumption during gestation and lactation could differently affect liver miR-122 and miR-370 expression leading to metabolic damages observed in offspring. Moreover, we investigate whether early overnutrition program offspring to more harmful response to HFD in later life. METHODS Female mice were fed either a standard chow (SC) diet or a HFD three weeks before and during mating, gestation and/or lactation. Offspring were evaluated on the delivery day (d0), in a cross-fostering model at day 28 (d28) and in adult life, after a re-challenge with a HFD (d82). RESULTS In vitro analysis using liver cell line showed that palmitate could induced decrease in miR-122 and increase in miR-370 expression. Newborn pups (d0) from obese dams showed a decrease in lipid oxidation markers (Cpt1a and Acadvl), an increase in triacylglycerol synthesis markers (Agpat and Gpam), as well as lower miR-122 and higher miR-370 hepatic content that was inversely correlated to maternal serum NEFA and TAG. Pups fostered to SC dams presented an increase in body weight and Agpat/Gpam expression at d28 compared to pups fostered to HFD dams and an inverse correlation was observed between miR-122 hepatic expression and offspring serum TAG. In adult life (d82), the reintroduction of HFD resulted in higher body weight gain and hepatic lipid content. These effects were accompanied by impairment in lipid and glucose metabolism, demonstrated by reduced Cpt1a/Acadvl and increased Agpat/Gpam expression, lower glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that both gestational and lactation overnutrition results in metabolic changes that can permanently alter lipid homeostasis in offspring. The presence of fatty acids in maternal blood and milk seem to be responsible for modulating the expression of miR-122 and miR-370, which are involved in liver metabolism. These alterations significantly increase susceptibility to obesity and ectopic lipid accumulation and lead to a more harmful response to HFD in offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laís Angélica de Paula Simino
- Laboratory of Metabolic Disorders, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas -UNICAMP, Limeira, São Paulo Brazil
| | - Thaís de Fante
- Laboratory of Metabolic Disorders, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas -UNICAMP, Limeira, São Paulo Brazil
| | - Marina Figueiredo Fontana
- Laboratory of Metabolic Disorders, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas -UNICAMP, Limeira, São Paulo Brazil
| | - Fernanda Oliveira Borges
- Laboratory of Metabolic Disorders, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas -UNICAMP, Limeira, São Paulo Brazil
| | - Márcio Alberto Torsoni
- Laboratory of Metabolic Disorders, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas -UNICAMP, Limeira, São Paulo Brazil
| | - Marciane Milanski
- Laboratory of Metabolic Disorders, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas -UNICAMP, Limeira, São Paulo Brazil
| | - Lício Augusto Velloso
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University Of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo Brazil
| | - Adriana Souza Torsoni
- Laboratory of Metabolic Disorders, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas -UNICAMP, Limeira, São Paulo Brazil
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90
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Li W, Guo Y, Zhang C, Wu R, Yang AY, Gaspar J, Kong ANT. Dietary Phytochemicals and Cancer Chemoprevention: A Perspective on Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Epigenetics. Chem Res Toxicol 2016; 29:2071-2095. [PMID: 27989132 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.6b00413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress occurs when cellular reactive oxygen species levels exceed the self-antioxidant capacity of the body. Oxidative stress induces many pathological changes, including inflammation and cancer. Chronic inflammation is believed to be strongly associated with the major stages of carcinogenesis. The nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway plays a crucial role in regulating oxidative stress and inflammation by manipulating key antioxidant and detoxification enzyme genes via the antioxidant response element. Many dietary phytochemicals with cancer chemopreventive properties, such as polyphenols, isothiocyanates, and triterpenoids, exert antioxidant and anti-inflammatory functions by activating the Nrf2 pathway. Furthermore, epigenetic changes, including DNA methylation, histone post-translational modifications, and miRNA-mediated post-transcriptional alterations, also lead to various carcinogenesis processes by suppressing cancer repressor gene transcription. Using epigenetic research tools, including next-generation sequencing technologies, many dietary phytochemicals are shown to modify and reverse aberrant epigenetic/epigenome changes, potentially leading to cancer prevention/treatment. Thus, the beneficial effects of dietary phytochemicals on cancer development warrant further investigation to provide additional impetus for clinical translational studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenji Li
- Center for Cancer Prevention Research, ‡Department of Pharmaceutics, §Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey , Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Yue Guo
- Center for Cancer Prevention Research, ‡Department of Pharmaceutics, §Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey , Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Chengyue Zhang
- Center for Cancer Prevention Research, ‡Department of Pharmaceutics, §Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey , Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Renyi Wu
- Center for Cancer Prevention Research, ‡Department of Pharmaceutics, §Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey , Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Anne Yuqing Yang
- Center for Cancer Prevention Research, ‡Department of Pharmaceutics, §Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey , Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - John Gaspar
- Center for Cancer Prevention Research, ‡Department of Pharmaceutics, §Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey , Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Ah-Ng Tony Kong
- Center for Cancer Prevention Research, ‡Department of Pharmaceutics, §Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey , Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
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91
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Van Hees S, Michielsen P, Vanwolleghem T. Circulating predictive and diagnostic biomarkers for hepatitis B virus-associated hepatocellular carcinoma. World J Gastroenterol 2016; 22:8271-8282. [PMID: 27729734 PMCID: PMC5055858 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i37.8271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Revised: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infected patients have an almost 100-fold increased risk to develop hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). HCC is the fifth most common and third most deadly cancer worldwide. Up to 50% of newly diagnosed HCC cases are attributed to HBV infection. Early detection improves survival and can be achieved through regular screening. Six-monthly abdominal ultrasound, either alone or in combination with alpha-fetoprotein serum levels, has been widely endorsed for this purpose. Both techniques however yield limited diagnostic accuracy, which is not improved when they are combined. Alternative circulating or histological markers to predict or diagnose HCC are therefore urgently needed. Recent advances in systems biology technologies have enabled the identification of several new putative circulating biomarkers. Although results from studies assessing combinations of these biomarkers are promising, evidence for their clinical utility remains low. In addition, most of the studies conducted so far show limitations in design. Attention must be paid for instance to different ethnicities and different etiologies when studying biomarkers for hepatocellular carcinoma. This review provides an overview on the current understandings and recent progress in the field of diagnostic and predictive circulating biomarkers for hepatocellular carcinoma in chronically infected HBV patients and discusses the future prospects.
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92
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Wu C, Zhang J, Cao X, Yang Q, Xia D. Effect of Mir-122 on Human Cholangiocarcinoma Proliferation, Invasion, and Apoptosis Through P53 Expression. Med Sci Monit 2016; 22:2685-90. [PMID: 27472451 PMCID: PMC4976756 DOI: 10.12659/msm.896404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Bile duct carcinoma is a common digestive tract tumor with high morbidity and mortality. As a kind of important non-coding RNA, microRNA (miR) plays an important role in post-transcriptional regulation. MiR-122 is the most abundant miR in the liver. Multiple studies have shown that miR-122 level is reduced in a variety of liver tumors and can be used as a specific marker for liver injury. P53 is a classic tumor suppressor gene that can induce tumor cell apoptosis through various pathways. Whether miR-122 affects p53 in bile duct carcinoma still needs investigation. Material/Methods miR inhibitor or mimics was transfected to bile duct carcinoma cells to evaluate its function on proliferation, invasion, apoptosis, and p53 expression. Results MiR-122 overexpression reduced cell invasion and migration ability, and inhibited cell apoptosis and p53 expression. Inhibiting miR-122 caused the opposite results. Conclusions Upregulating miR-122 can suppress bile duct carcinoma cell proliferation and induce apoptosis. MiR-122 could be used as a target for bile duct carcinoma treatment, which provides a new strategy for cholangiocarcinoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuiping Wu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Yidu Central Hospital, Weifang, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Jinmei Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Yidu Central Hospital, Weifang, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Xiangang Cao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Yidu Central Hospital, Weifang, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Qian Yang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Yidu Central Hospital, Weifang, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Dequan Xia
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Yidu Central Hospital, Weifang, Shandong, China (mainland)
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93
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Hepatocellular carcinoma associated microRNA expression signature: integrated bioinformatics analysis, experimental validation and clinical significance. Oncotarget 2016; 6:25093-108. [PMID: 26231037 PMCID: PMC4694817 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.4437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2015] [Accepted: 06/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
microRNA (miRNA) expression profiles varied greatly among current studies due to different technological platforms and small sample size. Systematic and integrative analysis of published datesets that compared the miRNA expression profiles between hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissue and paired adjacent noncancerous liver tissue was performed to determine candidate HCC associated miRNAs. Moreover, we further validated the confirmed miRNAs in a clinical setting using qRT-PCR and Tumor Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset. A miRNA integrated-signature of 5 upregulated and 8 downregulated miRNAs was identified from 26 published datesets in HCC using robust rank aggregation method. qRT-PCR demonstrated that miR-93-5p, miR-224-5p, miR-221-3p and miR-21-5p was increased, whereas the expression of miR-214-3p, miR-199a-3p, miR-195-5p, miR-150-5p and miR-145-5p was decreased in the HCC tissues, which was also validated on TCGA dataset. A miRNA based score using LASSO regression model provided a high accuracy for identifying HCC tissue (AUC = 0.982): HCC risk score = 0.180E_miR-221 + 0.0262E_miR-21 - 0.007E_miR-223 - 0.185E_miR-130a. E_miR-n = Log 2 (expression of microRNA n). Furthermore, expression of 5 miRNAs (miR-222, miR-221, miR-21 miR-214 and miR-130a) correlated with pathological tumor grade. Cox regression analysis showed that miR-21 was related with 3-year survival (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.509, 95%CI: 1.079-2.112, P = 0.016) and 5-year survival (HR: 1.416, 95%CI: 1.057-1.897, P = 0.020). However, none of the deregulated miRNAs was related with microscopic vascular invasion. This study provides a basis for further clinical application of miRNAs in HCC.
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94
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Xu G, Han J, Xu T. Comparative analysis of the small RNA transcriptomes of miiuy croaker revealed microRNA-mediated regulation of TLR signaling pathway response to Vibrio anguillarum infection. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 52:248-257. [PMID: 26980609 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2016.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2016] [Revised: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are an abundant class of endogenous noncoding small RNAs (sRNAs) that are partially complementary to their target messenger RNA (mRNA), which post-transcriptionally regulate various biological processes by repressing mRNA translation or inducing mRNA degradation. MiRNAs have been demonstrated to play crucial roles in the host response to infection by diverse pathogens. As an important bacterial pathogen, Vibrio anguillarum has been caused great economic losses in miiuy croaker aquaculture. To identify immune-related miRNAs of miiuy croaker in response to V. anguillarum infection, we constructed two sRNA libraries with or without bacterial infection. High-throughput deep sequencing and subsequent bioinformatic analysis identified 241 conserved and 137 novel miRNA precursors in miiuy croaker based on its whole genome sequences, encoding 293 and 124 mature miRNAs, respectively. Then we compared the expression patterns of miRNAs in the two libraries. There were significant differences in the expression of 12 miRNAs between the infection group (IG) and control group (CG). Further, the expressions of six miRNAs were validated by real-time quantitative PCR. The target gene prediction and function analysis were conducted for the 12 differential miRNAs. This analysis revealed that these miRNAs participated in the regulation multiple immune-related signaling pathways. Transcription factors in TLR signaling, such as AP-1, IRF5, NF-κB and IRF3, were activated by these miRNAs via post-transcriptionally regulating the expression of TLRs and TLR-associated signaling proteins, inducing effective host immune response to eradicate infectious pathogens. This is the first study of the identification and characterization of miiuy croaker miRNAs in response to V. anguillarum infection. The comprehensive analysis of the expression of miRNAs and the target gene and function prediction of differently expressed miRNAs may help to understand the regulatory mechanisms of miRNA in fish during the interaction between host and bacterial pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoliang Xu
- Laboratory of Fish Biogenetics & Immune Evolution, College of Marine Science, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, 316022, China
| | - Jingjing Han
- Laboratory of Fish Biogenetics & Immune Evolution, College of Marine Science, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, 316022, China
| | - Tianjun Xu
- Laboratory of Fish Biogenetics & Immune Evolution, College of Marine Science, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, 316022, China.
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Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are highly conserved, small, 18-25 nucleotide, non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. Each miRNA can regulate hundreds of target genes, and vice versa each target gene can be regulated by numerous miRNAs, suggesting a very complex network and explaining how miRNAs play pivotal roles in fine-tuning essentially all biological processes in all cell types in the liver. Here, we summarize the current knowledge on the role of miRNAs in the pathogenesis and diagnosis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) with an outlook to the broader aspects of metabolic syndrome. Furthermore, we discuss the role of miRNAs as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets in NAFLD/NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyongyi Szabo
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, LRB215, 364 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA.
| | - Timea Csak
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, LRB215, 364 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA
- Brookdale University Hospital and Medical Center, 1 Brookdale Plaza, Brooklyn, NY, 11212, USA
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Huan H, Wen X, Chen X, Wu L, Liu W, Habib NA, Bie P, Xia F. C/EBPα Short-Activating RNA Suppresses Metastasis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma through Inhibiting EGFR/β-Catenin Signaling Mediated EMT. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0153117. [PMID: 27050434 PMCID: PMC4822802 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0153117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma is associated with high mortality, and tumor metastasis is an important reason for poor prognosis. However, metastasis has not been effectively prevented in clinical therapy and the mechanisms underlying metastasis have not been fully characterized. CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein-α (C/EBPα) is a transcriptional regulator with an essential role in tumor metastasis. We used short-activating RNAs (saRNA) to enhance expression of C/EBPα. Intravenous injection of C/EBPα-saRNA in a nude mouse liver orthotopic xenograft tumor model inhibited intrahepatic and distant metastasis. C/EBPα-saRNA-treated mice showed increased serum levels of albumin and decreased alanine aminotransferase (ALT), glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase (AST), indicating a role of C/EBPα in improving liver function. Migration and invasion were inhibited in hepatoma cell lines transfected with C/EBPα-saRNA. We also observed an inhibition of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and suppression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), EGFR phosphorylation, and β-catenin in C/EBPa-saRNA-transfected cells. Our results suggested that C/EBPα-saRNA successfully inhibited HCC metastasis by inhibiting EGFR/β-catenin signaling pathway mediated EMT in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbo Huan
- Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xudong Wen
- Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xuejiao Chen
- Laboratory of Biotherapy of Cancer, Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lili Wu
- Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Weihui Liu
- General Surgery Center, Chengdu Military General Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Nagy A. Habib
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ping Bie
- Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Feng Xia
- Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- * E-mail:
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97
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Mizuguchi Y, Takizawa T, Yoshida H, Uchida E. Dysregulated miRNA in progression of hepatocellular carcinoma: A systematic review. Hepatol Res 2016; 46:391-406. [PMID: 26490438 DOI: 10.1111/hepr.12606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most frequent cancer and the third cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. The primary risk factor for HCC is liver cirrhosis secondary to persistent infection with hepatitis B virus or hepatitis C virus. Although a number of cellular phenomena and molecular events have been reported to facilitate tumor initiation, progression and metastasis, the exact etiology of HCC has not yet been fully uncovered. miRNA, a class of non-coding RNA, negatively regulate post-transcriptional processes that participate in crucial biological processes, including development, differentiation, apoptosis and proliferation. In the liver, specific miRNA can be negative regulators of gene expression. Recent studies have uncovered the contribution of miRNA to cancer pathogenesis as they can function as oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes. In addition, other studies have demonstrated their potential value in the clinical management of patients with HCC as some miRNA may be used as prognostic or diagnostic markers. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge about the roles of miRNA in the carcinogenesis and progression of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hiroshi Yoshida
- Department of Surgery, Nippon Medical School Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Eiji Uchida
- Department of Surgery, Nippon Medical School Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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98
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Alcoholic hepatitis accelerates early hepatobiliary cancer by increasing stemness and miR-122-mediated HIF-1α activation. Sci Rep 2016; 6:21340. [PMID: 26888602 PMCID: PMC4758032 DOI: 10.1038/srep21340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcohol-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) develops with advanced alcoholic liver disease and liver fibrosis. Using adult mice, we evaluate the effect of alcoholic steatohepatitis on early hepatobiliary carcinoma after initiation by diethyl-nitrosamine (DEN). Here we show that alcohol-fed DEN-injected mice have higher ALT and liver-to-body weight ratio compared to pair-fed DEN-injected mice. Alcohol feeding results in steatohepatitis indicated by increased pro-inflammatory cytokines and fibrotic genes. MRI and liver histology of alcohol+DEN mice shows hepatobiliary cysts, early hepatic neoplasia and increase in serum alpha-fetoprotein. Proliferation makers (BrdU, cyclin D1, p53) and cancer stem cell markers (CD133 and nanog) are significantly up-regulated in livers of alcohol-fed DEN-injected mice compared to controls. In livers with tumors, loss of miR-122 expression with a significant up-regulation of miR-122 target HIF-1α is seen. We conclude that alcoholic steatohepatitis accelerates hepatobiliary tumors with characteristic molecular features of HCC by up-regulating inflammation, cell proliferation, stemness, and miR-122 loss.
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99
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Yang AY, Kim H, Li W, Kong ANT. Natural compound-derived epigenetic regulators targeting epigenetic readers, writers and erasers. Curr Top Med Chem 2016; 16:697-713. [PMID: 26306989 PMCID: PMC4955582 DOI: 10.2174/1568026615666150826114359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Post-translational modifications can affect gene expression in a long-term manner without changes in the primary nucleotide sequence of the DNA. These epigenetic alterations involve dynamic processes that occur in histones, chromatin-associated proteins and DNA. In response to environmental stimuli, abnormal epigenetic alterations cause disorders in the cell cycle, apoptosis and other cellular processes and thus contribute to the incidence of diverse diseases, including cancers. In this review, we will summarize recent studies focusing on certain epigenetic readers, writers, and erasers associated with cancer development and how newly discovered natural compounds and their derivatives could interact with these targets. These advances provide insights into epigenetic alterations in cancers and the potential utility of these alterations as therapeutic targets for the future development of chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ah-Ng Tony Kong
- Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Room 228, 160 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.
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100
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Liu N, Jiang F, He TL, Zhang JK, Zhao J, Wang C, Jiang GX, Cao LP, Kang PC, Zhong XY, Lin TY, Cui YF. The Roles of MicroRNA-122 Overexpression in Inhibiting Proliferation and Invasion and Stimulating Apoptosis of Human Cholangiocarcinoma Cells. Sci Rep 2015; 5:16566. [PMID: 26686459 PMCID: PMC4685305 DOI: 10.1038/srep16566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2015] [Accepted: 10/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Our study investigated whether microRNA-122 (miR-122) played important roles in the proliferation, invasion and apoptosis of human cholangiocarcinoma (CC) cells. QBC939 and RBE cells lines were chosen and divided into five groups: miR-122 mimic group, anti-miR-122 group, negative control (NC) group, mock group and blank group. MiR-122 expression was measured by qRT-PCR. Roles of miR-122 in cell proliferation, apoptosis and invasion were investigated using MTT assay, flow cytometer and Transwell invasion assay, respectively. MiR-122 expression was lower in CC tissues and QBC939 cell than that in normal bile duct tissues, HCCC-9810 and RBE cells. In both QBC939 and RBE cells lines, miR-122 expression was higher in miR-122 mimic group than that in NC group, mock group and blank group; opposite results were found in anti-miR-122 group. Cell proliferation and invasion were remarkably inhibited in miR-122 mimic group after 48 h/72 h transfection, while apoptotic cells numbers were much greater in miR-122 mimic group; the opposite results were obtained from anti-miR-122 group (all P < 0.05). MiR-122 expression was significantly weaker in CC tissues, and miR-122 overexpression might play pivotal roles in inhibiting proliferation, stimulating apoptosis and suppressing invasion of CC cells, suggesting a new target for CC diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Hainan Provincial people's Hospital, Haikou 570311, P.R. China
| | - Fan Jiang
- Department of Geratology, Hainan Provincial people's Hospital, Haikou 570311, P.R. China
| | - Tian-Lin He
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Jun-Kuan Zhang
- Department of Interventional, the Third Hospital of PLA, P.R. China
| | - Juan Zhao
- Department of Oncology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Xiangyang 441021, P.R. China
| | - Chun Wang
- Department of Oncology, Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430024, P.R. China
| | - Gui-Xing Jiang
- Department of Interventional, the Third Hospital of PLA, P.R. China
| | - Li-Ping Cao
- Department of Interventional, the Third Hospital of PLA, P.R. China
| | - Peng-Cheng Kang
- Department of Interventional, the Third Hospital of PLA, P.R. China
| | - Xiang-Yu Zhong
- Department of Interventional, the Third Hospital of PLA, P.R. China
| | - Tian-Yu Lin
- Department of Interventional, the Third Hospital of PLA, P.R. China
| | - Yun-Fu Cui
- Department of Interventional, the Third Hospital of PLA, P.R. China
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