51
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Stensberg MC, Wei Q, McLamore ES, Porterfield DM, Wei A, Sepúlveda MS. Toxicological studies on silver nanoparticles: challenges and opportunities in assessment, monitoring and imaging. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2011; 6:879-98. [PMID: 21793678 DOI: 10.2217/nnm.11.78] [Citation(s) in RCA: 259] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) are becoming increasingly prevalent in consumer products as antibacterial agents. The increased use of Ag NP-enhanced products may lead to an increase in toxic levels of environmental silver, but regulatory control over the use or disposal of such products is lagging due to insufficient assessment on the toxicology of Ag NPs and their rate of release into the environment. In this article we discuss recent research on the transport, activity and fate of Ag NPs at the cellular and organismic level, in conjunction with traditional and recently established methods of nanoparticle characterization. We include several proposed mechanisms of cytotoxicity based on such studies, as well as new opportunities for investigating the uptake and fate of Ag NPs in living systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Charles Stensberg
- Department of Agricultural & Biological Engineering, Purdue University, 225 S University St., West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
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52
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Lee J, Lee YH, Jones K, Sharek E, Pascall MA. Antimicrobial packaging of raw beef, pork and turkey using silver-zeolite incorporated into the material. Int J Food Sci Technol 2011. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2621.2011.02760.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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53
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Møretrø T, Langsrud S. Effects of materials containing antimicrobial compounds on food hygiene. J Food Prot 2011; 74:1200-11. [PMID: 21740725 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-11-042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Surfaces with microorganisms may transfer unwanted microorganisms to food through cross-contamination during processing and preparation. A high hygienic status of surfaces that come in contact with food is important in order to reduce the risk of cross-contamination. During the last decade, products containing antimicrobial compounds, such as cutting boards, knives, countertops, kitchen utensils, refrigerators, and conveyor belts, have been introduced to the market, claiming hygienic effects. Such products are often referred to as "treated articles." Here we review various aspects related to treated articles intended for use during preparation and processing of food. Regulatory issues and methods to assess antibacterial effects are covered. Different concepts for treated articles as well as their antibacterial activity are reviewed. The effects of products with antimicrobials on food hygiene and safety are discussed.
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54
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Saleh S, Taha MO, Haddadin RN, Marzooqa D, Hodali H. Preparation of Silver- and Zinc-Doped Mullite-Based Ceramics Showing Anti-Bacterial Biofilm Properties. Molecules 2011. [PMCID: PMC6260598 DOI: 10.3390/molecules16042862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Zinc- and silver-doped mullite ceramic discs were prepared and tested as potentially resistant materials against bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation. Elemental analysis and X-ray diffraction studies showed that zinc ions were incorporated in the structural framework of the mullite, while silver ions remained outside the mullite crystal lattice, which allowed their slow (0.02 ppm/24 hours) leaching into the surrounding aqueous environment. In agreement with this behavior, silver-doped mullite showed potent resistance against surface attachment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, while on the other hand, zinc-doped mullite failed to stop bacterial attachment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhair Saleh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Pharmaceutics, Applied Science University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Mutasem O. Taha
- Drug Discovery Unit, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Randa N. Haddadin
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Duá Marzooqa
- Drug Discovery Unit, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Hamdallah Hodali
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +962-776-717-080
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Imran M, Revol-Junelles AM, Martyn A, Tehrany EA, Jacquot M, Linder M, Desobry S. Active food packaging evolution: transformation from micro- to nanotechnology. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2010; 50:799-821. [PMID: 20924864 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2010.503694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Predicting which attributes consumers are willing to pay extra for has become straightforward in recent years. The demands for the prime necessity of food of natural quality, elevated safety, minimally processed, ready-to-eat, and longer shelf-life have turned out to be matters of paramount importance. The increased awareness of environmental conservation and the escalating rate of foodborne illnesses have driven the food industry to implement a more innovative solution, i.e. bioactive packaging. Owing to nanotechnology application in eco-favorable coatings and encapsulation systems, the probabilities of enhancing food quality, safety, stability, and efficiency have been augmented. In this review article, the collective results highlight the food nanotechnology potentials with special focus on its application in active packaging, novel nano- and microencapsulation techniques, regulatory issues, and socio-ethical scepticism between nano-technophiles and nano-technophobes. No one has yet indicated the comparison of data concerning food nano- versus micro-technology; therefore noteworthy results of recent investigations are interpreted in the context of bioactive packaging. The next technological revolution in the domain of food science and nutrition would be the 3-BIOS concept enabling a controlled release of active agents through bioactive, biodegradable, and bionanocomposite combined strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Imran
- Laboratoire d'Ingénierie des Biomolécules, ENSAIA-INPL, Nancy Université, 2 avenue de la Forêt de Haye, 54505 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy Cedex, France
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57
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Dong Y, Li X, Sammons R, Dong H. The generation of wear-resistant antimicrobial stainless steel surfaces by active screen plasma alloying with N and nanocrystalline Ag. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2010; 93:185-93. [PMID: 20119942 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.31573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Hospital-acquired infections (HAIs), a large proportion of which are derived from contact transmission, represent a massive global challenge. In this study a novel active screen plasma (ASP) alloying technology has been developed to generate highly durable antimicrobial surfaces by combining a wear-resistant S-phase with nanocrystalline silver for medical grade stainless steel. The phase constituent, microstructure, composition and surface roughness of the alloyed surfaces were fully characterized, and the surface hardness, wear resistance and antimicrobial efficiency of the treated surfaces were evaluated. Experimental results showed that the surface hardness and sliding wear resistance of medical grade 316LVM stainless steel can be effectively improved by the ASP alloying treatment; furthermore, the Ag alloyed S-phase can achieve 93% reduction in Escherichia coli (E. coli) after 6 h contact time. Therefore, the novel ASP alloying treatment can not only improve wear resistance but also confer antibacterial activity to stainless steel surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangchun Dong
- School of Metallurgy and Materials, The University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
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58
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De Muynck W, De Belie N, Verstraete W. Antimicrobial mortar surfaces for the improvement of hygienic conditions. J Appl Microbiol 2010; 108:62-72. [PMID: 19583799 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2009.04395.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To evaluate the effectiveness of various antimicrobial mortar formulations in inhibiting the growth of a selection of pathogens of environmental and hygienic concern. METHODS AND RESULTS Mortar prisms containing triclosan-incorporated fibres or different concentrations of silver copper zeolites were incubated with Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella enterica or Staphylococcus aureus at 4 or 20 degrees C for 24 h. From plate counting, a substantial bactericidal effect (>4 log units) could only be observed for the mortar specimens containing more than 3% zeolites on cement weight base, the effect being more pronounced at 20 degrees C compared to 4 degrees C. No inhibitory effect could be observed for mortar specimens containing antimicrobial fibres. Adenosinetriphosphate (ATP) measurements allowed for a rapid indication of the occurrence of antimicrobial activity. CONCLUSIONS In order to obtain a bactericidal effect on mortar surfaces, concentrations of silver copper zeolites of more then 3% are required. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY To our knowledge, this is the first study in which the effectiveness of various antimicrobial mortar mixtures towards the inhibition of pathogens has been evaluated in a quantitative way. Antimicrobial concrete mixtures can be used for the improvement of the hygienic conditions in a variety of environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- W De Muynck
- Magnel Laboratory for Concrete Research, Department of Structural Engineering, Ghent University, Technologiepark Zwijnaarde 904, Gent, Belgium
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59
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Fernández A, Soriano E, Hernández-Muñoz P, Gavara R. Migration of Antimicrobial Silver from Composites of Polylactide with Silver Zeolites. J Food Sci 2010; 75:E186-93. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2010.01549.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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60
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Chadeau E, Oulahal N, Dubost L, Favergeon F, Degraeve P. Anti-Listeria innocua activity of silver functionalised textile prepared with plasma technology. Food Control 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2009.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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61
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Kushwaha K, Muriana PM. Adherence characteristics of Listeria strains isolated from three ready-to-eat meat processing plants. J Food Prot 2009; 72:2125-31. [PMID: 19833036 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x-72.10.2125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Over 1,560 non-food contact surface swabs and raw meat ingredient samples were collected from three ready-to-eat meat processing plants (520 from each plant) from 1998 to 1999, resulting in the recovery of 259 isolates of Listeria obtained from postprocess areas including drains, floors, garbage bins, cart wheels, walls, equipment surfaces, tables, brooms, pallet jacks, hoses, ladders, and waste chutes. We further examined 246 of the 259 isolates for adherence phenotype and used PCR to identify those that were Listeria monocytogenes. Adherence was classified as weak, moderate, or strong depending on results obtained with all Listeria isolates by using a fluorescent microplate adherence assay. Among the 246 isolates, there were 61 weakly, 148 moderately, and 37 strongly adherent Listeria, of which 130 (53%) were found to be L. monocytogenes. Plants A and B provided similar recoveries of 39 (7.5%) and 43 (8.3%) Listeria-positive isolates, including 9 (23.1% of Listeria) and 41 (95.3% of Listeria) identified as L. monocytogenes, respectively, that were weakly or moderately adherent. In plant C, we recovered 164 Listeria-positive samples (31.5% isolation rate), which included 80 L. monocytogenes-positive samples (49.8% of Listeria spp.), 52 of which were moderately adherent, as well as all 9 strongly adherent isolates of L. monocytogenes obtained in this study. Adherence properties of Listeria may allow persistence and recurrence in plant environments, potentially increasing the chance of eventual product contamination, and this emphasizes the need for sanitary approaches to prevent colonization by Listeria as well as product antimicrobial interventions should the sanitation barrier be breached.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalpana Kushwaha
- Department of Animal Science, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078, USA
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62
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Zhengbing Cao, Xinbo Sun, Yuyu Sun, Hao Fong. Rechargeable Antibacterial and Antifungal Polymeric Silver Sulfadiazines. J BIOACT COMPAT POL 2009. [DOI: 10.1177/0883911509340198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)-based rechargeable antibacterial and antifungal polymeric silver sulfadiazines were prepared by copolymerizing acryloyl sulfadiazine with methyl methacrylate and sequentially treating the copolymers with dilute silver nitrate aqueous solutions. The chemical structures of the samples were characterized by FT-IR, 1H-NMR, XPS, and TGA analyses. On contact, the PMMA-based polymeric silver sulfadiazines provided 100% inactivation of 108—109 CFU/mL of Escherichia coli (Gram-negative bacteria) and Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive bacteria) in 10 min, and Candida tropicalis (yeast) in 30 min. Kirby—Bauer test data indicated that the antibacterial and antifungal effects were achieved through contact kill; no silver ions leached out of the new copolymers. The antibacterial and antifungal functions were stable for at least 12 months under normal storage conditions. Silver nitrate treatments regenerated any lost of antibacterial and antifungal activity; this recharging can be repeated as needed to achieve long-term protection. These properties make the new PMMA-based polymeric silver sulfadiazines attractive candidates for a broad range of medical (orthopedic), dental, and other related applications to reduce the risks of bacterial and fungal contamination on high-touch/high-risk surfaces and foreign body-related infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengbing Cao
- Biomedical Engineering Program, the University of South Dakota 4800 N. Career Avenue, Sioux Falls, South Dakota 57107, USA
| | - Xinbo Sun
- Biomedical Engineering Program, the University of South Dakota 4800 N. Career Avenue, Sioux Falls, South Dakota 57107, USA
| | - Yuyu Sun
- Biomedical Engineering Program, the University of South Dakota 4800 N. Career Avenue, Sioux Falls, South Dakota 57107, USA,
| | - Hao Fong
- Department of Chemistry, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology 501 East St. Joseph Street, Rapid City, South Dakota 57701, USA
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63
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Cerrada ML, Serrano C, Sánchez-Chaves M, Fernandez-García M, De Andrés A, Riobóo RJ, Fernandez-Martín F, Kubacka A, Ferrer M, Fernández-García M. Biocidal capability optimization in organic-inorganic nanocomposites based on titania. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2009; 43:1630-1634. [PMID: 19350946 DOI: 10.1021/es801968r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Optimization of the interfacial agent content in biocidal titania-isotactic polypropylene nanocomposites is performed by evaluating their structural, thermal, optical, and biocidal properties. The balance between the photochemistry (photokilling) behavior and the thermal properties is achieved in the nanocomposites with an incorporation of 2 wt.% in inorganic nanoparticles (Tio2) using a compatibilizer content ranging from 50 to 80 wt.% with respect to the titania amount
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Affiliation(s)
- María L Cerrada
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnologia de Polimeros, CSIC, C/Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006-Madrid, Spain
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64
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Chen G, Beving DE, Bedi RS, Yan YS, Walker SL. Initial bacterial deposition on bare and zeolite-coated aluminum alloy and stainless steel. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2009; 25:1620-1626. [PMID: 19123799 DOI: 10.1021/la803285j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the impact of zeolite thin film coatings on bacterial deposition and "biofouling" of surfaces has been investigated in an aqueous environment. The synthesis of two types of zeolite coatings, ZSM-5 coated on aluminum alloy and zeolite A coated on stainless steel, and the characterization of the coated and bare metal surfaces are described. The extent of cell deposition onto the bare and zeolite-coated aluminum alloy and stainless steel surfaces is investigated in a parallel plate flow chamber system under a laminar flow conditions. The initial rates of bacterial transfer to the various surfaces are compared by utilizing a marine bacterium, Halomonas pacifica g, under a range of ionic strength conditions. H. pacifica g deposited onto bare metal surfaces to a greater extent as compared with cells deposited onto the zeolite coatings. The surface properties found to have the most notable effect on attachment are the electrokinetic and hydrophobicity properties of the metal and zeolite-coated surfaces. These results suggest that a combination of two chemical mechanisms-hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions-contribute to the antifouling nature of the zeolite surface. Additional observations on the relative role of the hydrodynamic and physical phenomena are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gexin Chen
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
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65
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Bright KR, Sicairos-Ruelas EE, Gundy PM, Gerba CP. Assessment of the Antiviral Properties of Zeolites Containing Metal Ions. FOOD AND ENVIRONMENTAL VIROLOGY 2009; 1:37. [PMCID: PMC7091263 DOI: 10.1007/s12560-008-9006-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2008] [Accepted: 12/11/2008] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The antiviral properties of zeolite (sodium aluminosilicate) powders amended with metal ions were assessed using human coronavirus 229E, feline infectious peritonitis virus (FIPV), and feline calicivirus F-9. Zeolites containing silver and silver/copper caused significant reductions of coronavirus 229E after 1 h in suspension. The silver/copper combination yielded a >5.13-log10 reduction within 24 h. It was also the most effective (>3.18-log10) against FIPV after 4 h. Other formulations were ineffective against FIPV. On plastic coupons with incorporated silver/copper-zeolites, >1.7-log10 and >3.8-log10 reductions were achieved for coronavirus 229E and feline calicivirus within 24 h, respectively. Silver/copper zeolite reduced titers of all viruses tested, suggesting that it may be effective against related pathogens of interest [i.e., SARS coronavirus, other coronaviruses, human norovirus (calicivirus)]. Of note, it was effective against both enveloped and nonenveloped viruses. Metal-zeolites could therefore possibly be used in applications to reduce virus contamination of fomites and thus the spread of viral diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly R. Bright
- Department of Soil, Water and Environmental Science, The University of Arizona, Building 38, Room 429, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA
| | - Enue E. Sicairos-Ruelas
- Department of Soil, Water and Environmental Science, The University of Arizona, Building 38, Room 429, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA
| | - Patricia M. Gundy
- Department of Soil, Water and Environmental Science, The University of Arizona, Building 38, Room 429, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA
| | - Charles P. Gerba
- Department of Soil, Water and Environmental Science, The University of Arizona, Building 38, Room 429, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA
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66
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Coughlan A, Boyd D, Douglas CWI, Towler MR. Antibacterial coatings for medical devices based on glass polyalkenoate cement chemistry. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2008; 19:3555-3560. [PMID: 18626749 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-008-3519-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2008] [Accepted: 06/19/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
A biofilm is an accumulation of micro-organisms and their extracellular products forming a structured community on a surface. Biofilm formation on medical devices has severe health consequences as bacteria growing in this lifestyle are tolerant to both host defense mechanisms and antibiotic therapies. However, silver and zinc ions inhibit the attachment and proliferation of immature biofilms. The objective of this study is to evaluate whether it is possible to produce silver and zinc-containing glass polyalkenoate cement (GPC) coatings for medical devices that have antibacterial activity and which may therefore inhibit biofilm formation on a material surface. Two silver and zinc-containing GPC coatings (A and B) were synthesised and coated onto Ti6Al4V discs. Their handling properties were characterised and atomic absorption spectrometery was employed to determine zinc and silver ion release with coating maturation up to 30 days. The antibacterial properties of the coatings were also evaluated against Staphylococcus aureus and a clinical isolate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa using an agar diffusion assay method. The majority of the zinc and silver ions were released within the first 24 h; both coatings exhibited antibacterial effect against the two bacterial strains, but the effect was more intense for B which contained more silver and less zinc than A. Both coatings produced clear zones of inhibition with each of the two organisms tested. In this assay, Ps. aeruginosa was more sensitive than S. aureus. The diameters of these zones were reduced after the coating had been immersed in water for varying periods due to the resultant effect on ion release.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Coughlan
- Clinical Materials Unit & Materials and Surface Science Institute, University of Limerick, National Technological Park, Limerick, Ireland
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67
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Abstract
Polyethylene films were surface modified, to incorporate amine and amide functionalities, and subsequently were evaluated for their ability to recharge the antimicrobial N-halamine structures after contact with sodium hypochlorite, a common food-approved sanitizer. Surfaces were tested for chlorine retention and release, as well as antimicrobial activity against microorganisms relevant to food quality and food safety, including Escherichia coli K-12, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Bacillus cereus, and Listeria monocytogenes. N-Halamine functionalized polyethylene exhibited chlorine rechargeability, maintaining 5 to 7 nmol/cm2 N-halamine structures for six successive charges. The N-halamine functionalized films achieved a 4-log reduction for all organisms tested and maintained a greater than 3-log reduction for four successive uses, suggesting that the modified polyethylene films are capable of providing rechargeable antimicrobial activity. The modified films exhibited antimicrobial activity in aqueous suspensions (P < 0.05) and reduced microbial growth in diluted broth (P < 0.05), suggesting the potential for biocidal action even in the presence of organic matter. Such a rechargeable antimicrobial surface could supplement existing cleaning and sanitation programs in food processing environments to reduce the adhesion, growth, and subsequent cross-contamination of food pathogens, as well as food spoilage organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Goddard
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Stocking Hall, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
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68
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Proving the antimicrobial spectrum of an amphoteric surfactant-sol-gel coating: a food-borne pathogen study. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2008; 35:1041-6. [DOI: 10.1007/s10295-008-0380-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2007] [Accepted: 05/22/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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69
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Kwakye-Awuah B, Williams C, Kenward M, Radecka I. Antimicrobial action and efficiency of silver-loaded zeolite X. J Appl Microbiol 2008; 104:1516-24. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2007.03673.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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70
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Combined treatment with silver ions and organic acid enhances growth-inhibition of Escherichia coli O157:H7. Food Control 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2006.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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71
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Kubacka A, Serrano C, Ferrer M, Lünsdorf H, Bielecki P, Cerrada ML, Fernández-García M, Fernández-García M. High-performance dual-action polymer-TiO2 nanocomposite films via melting processing. NANO LETTERS 2007; 7:2529-34. [PMID: 17625905 DOI: 10.1021/nl0709569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The incorporation of TiO2 nanoparticles into (ethylene-vinyl alcohol)-based food packaging copolymers affords an opportunity to synthesize polymer-based nanocomposite materials with novel and powerful biocidal and photodegradability properties, resulting in the production of an advanced, environmentally friendly system prepared using a cost-effective synthesis method via a simple melt compounding without the need of a coupling agent incorporation. The presented materials display an unprecedented performance in the killing of both Gram positive and negative bacteria without the necessity of being release to the media and an easy degradation under sunlight which favorably competes with biodegradation procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kubacka
- Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica, CSIC, C/Marie Curie 2, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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72
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Texter J, Ziemer P, Rhoades S, Clemans D. Bactericidal silver ion delivery into hydrophobic coatings with surfactants. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2007; 34:571-5. [PMID: 17576608 DOI: 10.1007/s10295-007-0228-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2006] [Accepted: 05/16/2007] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
A much studied oil-soluble surfactant, bis[2-ethylhexyl]sulfosuccinate, sodium salt, was ion exchanged into the silver ion form and dissolved into microemulsions of immiscible polyurethane step monomers. Coating and curing of these microemulsions produced polyurethane coatings that exhibit bactericidal activity against representative Gram negative bacteria. After 24 h exposure, 0.006-0.012% weight Ag relative to coating weight (0.0013-0.0025 micromol Ag/cm2) results in the three-log reduction in Escherichia coli. A slightly higher level of 0.031% weight Ag relative to coating weight (0.006 micromol Ag/cm2) killed all of the E. coli after 12 h exposure. Similar results were obtained for Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Since the double-tail surfactant anion promotes reverse micelle formation in many different kinds of oils and solvents, it appears an excellent vector for incorporating low and effective amounts of silver ion into many industrial, hospital, and household coating formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Texter
- School of Engineering Technology, Eastern Michigan University, Ypsilanti, MI 48197, USA.
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73
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Silvestry-Rodriguez N, Sicairos-Ruelas EE, Gerba CP, Bright KR. Silver as a disinfectant. REVIEWS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2007; 191:23-45. [PMID: 17708071 PMCID: PMC7120063 DOI: 10.1007/978-0-387-69163-3_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2006] [Accepted: 07/19/2006] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Silver has been used as an antimicrobial for thousands of years. Over the past several decades, it has been introduced into numerous new venues such as in the treatment of water, in dietary supplements, in medical applications, and to produce antimicrobial coatings and products. Silver is often used as an alternative disinfectant in applications in which the use of traditional disinfectants such as chlorine may result in the formation of toxic by-products or cause corrosion of surfaces. Silver has also been demonstrated to produce a synergistic effect in combination with several other disinfectants. Many mechanisms of the antibacterial effect of silver have been described, but its antiviral and antiprotozoal mechanisms are not well understood. Both microbial tolerance and resistance to silver have been reported; however, the effect of silver has been observed against a wide variety of microorganisms over a period of years. Further research is needed to determine the antimicrobial efficacy of silver in these new applications and the effects of its long-term usage.
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Abbaszadegan M, Monteiro P, Ouwens RN, Ryu H, Alum A. Removal and inactivation of Cryptosporidium and microbial indicators by a quaternary ammonium chloride (QAC)-treated zeolite in pilot filters. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2006; 41:1201-10. [PMID: 16760096 DOI: 10.1080/10934520600623091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
A set of pilot filters packed with Zeolite filter media treated with a quaternary ammonium chloride (QAC) were evaluated to verify the proof of concept of their combined antimicrobial capabilities. Escherichia coli was removed and inactivated the most (2.83 log), followed by MS-2 (2.75 log), Klebsiella terriena (2.21 log), PRD-1 (1.95 log), Chlorella vulgaris (1.92 log), and Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts (1.78 log). Especially, inactivation of C. parvum oocysts (1.19 log) was higher than physical removal (0.54 log). The data suggest that QAC-treated Zeolite in the pilot filters has microbial inactivation capabilities and may have useful applications in other types of filter media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morteza Abbaszadegan
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, 85287-5306,USA.
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O'Neill C, Beving DE, Chen W, Yan Y. Durability of hydrophilic and antimicrobial zeolite coatings under water immersion. AIChE J 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.10695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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76
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Yao M, Mainelis G, An HR. Inactivation of microorganisms using electrostatic fields. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2005; 39:3338-44. [PMID: 15926587 DOI: 10.1021/es048808x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
This research investigated whether electrostatic fields can be used to inactivate surface-borne and airborne microorganisms. Vegetative cells of Pseudomonas fluorescens and Bacillus subtilis var. niger were deposited on filters and subjected to electrostatic fields of different strengths and polarities for controlled time periods. In addition, P. fluorescens bacteria, which represent sensitive species, were aerosolized and exposed to electrostatic fields of up to +/- 10 kV/cm. The results have shown that more than 90% of the P. fluorescens cells deposited on the surface of nonconductive filters are inactivated when fields of 15 kV/cm are applied for 30 min or longer. Similar effects were observed when P. fluorescens were exposed to fields of 5 and 10 kV/cm for 2 h. In contrast, the culturability of B. subtilisvar. niger cells exposed under the same conditions did not substantially decrease. Exposure of airborne P. fluorescens to +/- 10 kV/cm for 30 s also did not result in a significant reduction of culturability. This research has shown that specific combinations of electrostatic field strength and exposure time can be used to effectively inactivate certain bacterial cells deposited on nonconductive surfaces. For the investigated conditions, the treatment was not effective for bacteria in the airborne state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maosheng Yao
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 14 College Farm Road, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901-8551, USA
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