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Laurent P, Jolivel V, Manicki P, Chiu L, Contin-Bordes C, Truchetet ME, Pradeu T. Immune-Mediated Repair: A Matter of Plasticity. Front Immunol 2017; 8:454. [PMID: 28484454 PMCID: PMC5403426 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Though the immune system is generally defined as a system of defense, it is increasingly recognized that the immune system also plays a crucial role in tissue repair and its potential dysregulations. In this review, we explore how distinct immune cell types are involved in tissue repair and how they interact in a process that is tightly regulated both spatially and temporally. We insist on the concept of immune cell plasticity which, in recent years, has proved fundamental for the success/understanding of the repair process. Overall, the perspective presented here suggests that the immune system plays a central role in the physiological robustness of the organism, and that cell plasticity contributes to the realization of this robustness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paôline Laurent
- ImmunoConcept, UMR5164, Immunology, CNRS, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Valérie Jolivel
- ImmunoConcept, UMR5164, Immunology, CNRS, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Lynn Chiu
- ImmunoConcept, UMR5164, Immunology, CNRS, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Cécile Contin-Bordes
- ImmunoConcept, UMR5164, Immunology, CNRS, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.,Immunology, CHU Bordeaux Hospital, Bordeaux, France
| | - Marie-Elise Truchetet
- ImmunoConcept, UMR5164, Immunology, CNRS, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.,Rheumatology, CHU Bordeaux Hospital, Bordeaux, France
| | - Thomas Pradeu
- ImmunoConcept, UMR5164, Immunology, CNRS, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
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Walz W, Cayabyab FS. Neutrophil Infiltration and Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 in Lacunar Infarction. Neurochem Res 2017; 42:2560-2565. [PMID: 28417261 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-017-2265-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2016] [Revised: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
We use the modified pial vessel disruption rat model to elucidate the cellular and molecular mechanisms of cavitation as it plays a role in lacunar infarction. Here we discuss the similarities between the genesis of pulmonary cavitation in various animal models and lacunar infarction in the cerebral cortex of rats. Both pathological processes involve the creation of a cavity surrounded by fibroblasts or reactive astrocytes. A crucial step in both, the lung and the cerebral cortex, appears to be the migration of neutrophils across the endothelial barrier into the parenchyma. In the lung and cerebral cortex this involves release of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9). Inside the parenchyma neutrophils continue to release MMP-9. In both situations batimastat (BB-94) and minocycline reduce release of MMP-9 and prevent cavitation. In the cerebral cortex MMP-9 release by resident microglia plays an additional role. We therefore advance the hypothesis that cavitation in both tissues is driven by MMP-9 originating from invading neutrophils. Therapeutic intervention has to focus on these blood-borne intruder cells and specific MMP actions. Batimastat and its derivatives (marimastat, BB-1101, mCGS-27023-A, ilomastat, GM6001, CTK8G1150) are already in clinical or experimental use in humans for anti-cancer treatment, and these clinically relevant drugs could be repurposed to act as anti-inflammatory to counter neutrophil contribution to lung or cerebral cortex cavitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Walz
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Saskatchewan, 105 Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5E5, Canada.
| | - Francisco S Cayabyab
- Department of Surgery, University of Saskatchewan, 105 Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5E5, Canada
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Lilly CL, Villa NY, Lemos de Matos A, Ali HM, Dhillon JKS, Hofland T, Rahman MM, Chan W, Bogen B, Cogle C, McFadden G. Ex Vivo Oncolytic Virotherapy with Myxoma Virus Arms Multiple Allogeneic Bone Marrow Transplant Leukocytes to Enhance Graft versus Tumor. MOLECULAR THERAPY-ONCOLYTICS 2016; 4:31-40. [PMID: 28345022 PMCID: PMC5363758 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2016.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Allogeneic stem cell transplant-derived T cells have the potential to seek and eliminate sites of residual cancer that escaped primary therapy. Oncolytic myxoma virus (MYXV) exhibits potent anti-cancer efficacy against human cancers like multiple myeloma (MM) and can arm transplant-derived T cells to become more effective cancer killers in vitro and in an immunodeficient xenotransplant murine model. Here, we tested ex vivo MYXV virotherapy against residual murine MM in immunocompetent mice using an allogeneic mouse-mouse model. In contrast to all human MM cell lines previously tested, the murine MM cell line tested here was highly resistant to direct MYXV infection and oncolysis in vitro. Despite this in vitro resistance, we found that ex vivo MYXV-armed allogeneic bone marrow (BM) transplantation dramatically ablated pre-seeded residual MM in vivo. Unexpectedly, we show that both neutrophils and activated T cells from the donor function as virus-armed carrier cells, and MYXV-preloaded cells enhanced MM killing. Our results demonstrate a novel therapeutic paradigm for residual cancer, in which multiple classes of allotransplant leukocytes can be armed by MYXV ex vivo to enhance the graft-versus-tumor effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cameron L Lilly
- Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Nancy Y Villa
- Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Ana Lemos de Matos
- Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Haider M Ali
- College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Jess-Karan S Dhillon
- Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Tom Hofland
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, 1105 the Netherlands
| | - Masmudur M Rahman
- Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | | | - Bjarne Bogen
- Centre for Immune Regulation, Institute of Immunology, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, 0313 Oslo, Norway; KG Jebsen Centre for Influenza Vaccine Research, University of Oslo, 0313 Oslo, Norway
| | - Christopher Cogle
- Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Grant McFadden
- Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
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