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Wagner MW, Bell WR, Kern J, Bosemani T, Mhlanga J, Carson KA, Cohen KJ, Raabe EH, Rodriguez F, Huisman TAGM, Poretti A. Diffusion tensor imaging suggests extrapontine extension of pediatric diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas. Eur J Radiol 2016; 85:700-6. [PMID: 26971411 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2016.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2015] [Revised: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To apply DTI to detect early extrapontine extension of pediatric diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma along the corticospinal tracts. METHODS In children with diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma, low-grade brainstem glioma, and age-matched controls, DTI metrics were measured in the posterior limb of the internal capsule and posterior centrum semiovale. Histological examination was available in one patient. RESULTS 6 diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma, 8 low-grade brainstem glioma, and two groups of 25 controls were included. In diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma compared to controls, fractional anisotropy was lower in the bilateral posterior limb of the internal capsule, axial diffusivity was lower in the bilateral posterior centrum semiovale and posterior limb of the internal capsule, while radial diffusivity was higher in the bilateral posterior limb of the internal capsule. No significant differences were found between low-grade brainstem glioma and controls. In diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma compared to low-grade brainstem glioma, axial diffusivity was lower in the bilateral posterior limb of the internal capsule. Histological examination in one child showed tumor cells in the posterior limb of the internal capsule. CONCLUSION Reduction in fractional anisotropy and axial diffusivity and increase in radial diffusivity in diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma may reflect tumor extension along the corticospinal tracts as shown by histology. DTI may detect early extrapontine tumor extension in diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma before it becomes apparent on conventional MRI sequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias W Wagner
- Section of Pediatric Neuroradiology, Division of Pediatric Radiology, Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - W Robert Bell
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jason Kern
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Thangamadhan Bosemani
- Section of Pediatric Neuroradiology, Division of Pediatric Radiology, Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Joyce Mhlanga
- Section of Pediatric Neuroradiology, Division of Pediatric Radiology, Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kathryn A Carson
- Department of Epidemiology, The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA; Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Kenneth J Cohen
- Division of Pediatric Oncology, The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Eric H Raabe
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Division of Pediatric Oncology, The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Fausto Rodriguez
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Thierry A G M Huisman
- Section of Pediatric Neuroradiology, Division of Pediatric Radiology, Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Andrea Poretti
- Section of Pediatric Neuroradiology, Division of Pediatric Radiology, Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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Poussaint TY, Vajapeyam S, Ricci KI, Panigrahy A, Kocak M, Kun LE, Boyett JM, Pollack IF, Fouladi M. Apparent diffusion coefficient histogram metrics correlate with survival in diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma: a report from the Pediatric Brain Tumor Consortium. Neuro Oncol 2015; 18:725-34. [PMID: 26487690 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nov256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Accepted: 09/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) is associated with poor survival regardless of therapy. We used volumetric apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) histogram metrics to determine associations with progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) at baseline and after radiation therapy (RT). METHODS Baseline and post-RT quantitative ADC histograms were generated from fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) images and enhancement regions of interest. Metrics assessed included number of peaks (ie, unimodal or bimodal), mean and median ADC, standard deviation, mode, skewness, and kurtosis. RESULTS Based on FLAIR images, the majority of tumors had unimodal peaks with significantly shorter average survival. Pre-RT FLAIR mean, mode, and median values were significantly associated with decreased risk of progression; higher pre-RT ADC values had longer PFS on average. Pre-RT FLAIR skewness and standard deviation were significantly associated with increased risk of progression; higher pre-RT FLAIR skewness and standard deviation had shorter PFS. Nonenhancing tumors at baseline showed higher ADC FLAIR mean values, lower kurtosis, and higher PFS. For enhancing tumors at baseline, bimodal enhancement histograms had much worse PFS and OS than unimodal cases and significantly lower mean peak values. Enhancement in tumors only after RT led to significantly shorter PFS and OS than in patients with baseline or no baseline enhancement. CONCLUSIONS ADC histogram metrics in DIPG demonstrate significant correlations between diffusion metrics and survival, with lower diffusion values (increased cellularity), increased skewness, and enhancement associated with shorter survival, requiring future investigations in large DIPG clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Young Poussaint
- Department of Radiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (T.Y.P., S.V., K.I.R.); Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (A.P.); Department of Diagnostic Imaging, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee (L.E.K.); Department of Biostatistics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee (M.K., J.M.B.); Department of Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (I.F.P.); Neuro-Oncology Program, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, Ohio (M.F.)
| | - Sridhar Vajapeyam
- Department of Radiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (T.Y.P., S.V., K.I.R.); Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (A.P.); Department of Diagnostic Imaging, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee (L.E.K.); Department of Biostatistics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee (M.K., J.M.B.); Department of Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (I.F.P.); Neuro-Oncology Program, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, Ohio (M.F.)
| | - Kelsey I Ricci
- Department of Radiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (T.Y.P., S.V., K.I.R.); Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (A.P.); Department of Diagnostic Imaging, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee (L.E.K.); Department of Biostatistics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee (M.K., J.M.B.); Department of Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (I.F.P.); Neuro-Oncology Program, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, Ohio (M.F.)
| | - Ashok Panigrahy
- Department of Radiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (T.Y.P., S.V., K.I.R.); Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (A.P.); Department of Diagnostic Imaging, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee (L.E.K.); Department of Biostatistics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee (M.K., J.M.B.); Department of Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (I.F.P.); Neuro-Oncology Program, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, Ohio (M.F.)
| | - Mehmet Kocak
- Department of Radiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (T.Y.P., S.V., K.I.R.); Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (A.P.); Department of Diagnostic Imaging, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee (L.E.K.); Department of Biostatistics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee (M.K., J.M.B.); Department of Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (I.F.P.); Neuro-Oncology Program, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, Ohio (M.F.)
| | - Larry E Kun
- Department of Radiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (T.Y.P., S.V., K.I.R.); Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (A.P.); Department of Diagnostic Imaging, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee (L.E.K.); Department of Biostatistics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee (M.K., J.M.B.); Department of Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (I.F.P.); Neuro-Oncology Program, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, Ohio (M.F.)
| | - James M Boyett
- Department of Radiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (T.Y.P., S.V., K.I.R.); Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (A.P.); Department of Diagnostic Imaging, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee (L.E.K.); Department of Biostatistics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee (M.K., J.M.B.); Department of Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (I.F.P.); Neuro-Oncology Program, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, Ohio (M.F.)
| | - Ian F Pollack
- Department of Radiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (T.Y.P., S.V., K.I.R.); Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (A.P.); Department of Diagnostic Imaging, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee (L.E.K.); Department of Biostatistics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee (M.K., J.M.B.); Department of Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (I.F.P.); Neuro-Oncology Program, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, Ohio (M.F.)
| | - Maryam Fouladi
- Department of Radiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (T.Y.P., S.V., K.I.R.); Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (A.P.); Department of Diagnostic Imaging, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee (L.E.K.); Department of Biostatistics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee (M.K., J.M.B.); Department of Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (I.F.P.); Neuro-Oncology Program, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, Ohio (M.F.)
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