52
|
Juergens MT, Deshpande RR, Lucker BF, Park JJ, Wang H, Gargouri M, Holguin FO, Disbrow B, Schaub T, Skepper JN, Kramer DM, Gang DR, Hicks LM, Shachar-Hill Y. The regulation of photosynthetic structure and function during nitrogen deprivation in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2015; 167:558-73. [PMID: 25489023 PMCID: PMC4326741 DOI: 10.1104/pp.114.250530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 12/01/2014] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The accumulation of carbon storage compounds by many unicellular algae after nutrient deprivation occurs despite declines in their photosynthetic apparatus. To understand the regulation and roles of photosynthesis during this potentially bioenergetically valuable process, we analyzed photosynthetic structure and function after nitrogen deprivation in the model alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Transcriptomic, proteomic, metabolite, and lipid profiling and microscopic time course data were combined with multiple measures of photosynthetic function. Levels of transcripts and proteins of photosystems I and II and most antenna genes fell with differing trajectories; thylakoid membrane lipid levels decreased, while their proportions remained similar and thylakoid membrane organization appeared to be preserved. Cellular chlorophyll (Chl) content decreased more than 2-fold within 24 h, and we conclude from transcript protein and (13)C labeling rates that Chl synthesis was down-regulated both pre- and posttranslationally and that Chl levels fell because of a rapid cessation in synthesis and dilution by cellular growth rather than because of degradation. Photosynthetically driven oxygen production and the efficiency of photosystem II as well as P700(+) reduction and electrochromic shift kinetics all decreased over the time course, without evidence of substantial energy overflow. The results also indicate that linear electron flow fell approximately 15% more than cyclic flow over the first 24 h. Comparing Calvin-Benson cycle transcript and enzyme levels with changes in photosynthetic (13)CO2 incorporation rates also pointed to a coordinated multilevel down-regulation of photosynthetic fluxes during starch synthesis before the induction of high triacylglycerol accumulation rates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew T Juergens
- Department of Plant Biology (M.T.J., R.R.D., B.D., Y.S.-H.) and Plant Research Laboratory (M.T.J., B.F.L., D.M.K.), Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824;Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164 (J.-J.P., M.G., D.R.G.);Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, Missouri 63132 (H.W., L.M.H.);National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing 100850, China (H.W.);College of Agricultural, Consumer, and Environmental Sciences, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003 (F.O.H., T.S.);Department of Physiology, Cambridge Advanced Imaging Centre, Cambridge CB2 3DY, United Kingdom (J.N.S.); andDepartment of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599 (L.M.H.)
| | - Rahul R Deshpande
- Department of Plant Biology (M.T.J., R.R.D., B.D., Y.S.-H.) and Plant Research Laboratory (M.T.J., B.F.L., D.M.K.), Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824;Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164 (J.-J.P., M.G., D.R.G.);Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, Missouri 63132 (H.W., L.M.H.);National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing 100850, China (H.W.);College of Agricultural, Consumer, and Environmental Sciences, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003 (F.O.H., T.S.);Department of Physiology, Cambridge Advanced Imaging Centre, Cambridge CB2 3DY, United Kingdom (J.N.S.); andDepartment of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599 (L.M.H.)
| | - Ben F Lucker
- Department of Plant Biology (M.T.J., R.R.D., B.D., Y.S.-H.) and Plant Research Laboratory (M.T.J., B.F.L., D.M.K.), Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824;Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164 (J.-J.P., M.G., D.R.G.);Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, Missouri 63132 (H.W., L.M.H.);National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing 100850, China (H.W.);College of Agricultural, Consumer, and Environmental Sciences, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003 (F.O.H., T.S.);Department of Physiology, Cambridge Advanced Imaging Centre, Cambridge CB2 3DY, United Kingdom (J.N.S.); andDepartment of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599 (L.M.H.)
| | - Jeong-Jin Park
- Department of Plant Biology (M.T.J., R.R.D., B.D., Y.S.-H.) and Plant Research Laboratory (M.T.J., B.F.L., D.M.K.), Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824;Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164 (J.-J.P., M.G., D.R.G.);Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, Missouri 63132 (H.W., L.M.H.);National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing 100850, China (H.W.);College of Agricultural, Consumer, and Environmental Sciences, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003 (F.O.H., T.S.);Department of Physiology, Cambridge Advanced Imaging Centre, Cambridge CB2 3DY, United Kingdom (J.N.S.); andDepartment of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599 (L.M.H.)
| | - Hongxia Wang
- Department of Plant Biology (M.T.J., R.R.D., B.D., Y.S.-H.) and Plant Research Laboratory (M.T.J., B.F.L., D.M.K.), Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824;Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164 (J.-J.P., M.G., D.R.G.);Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, Missouri 63132 (H.W., L.M.H.);National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing 100850, China (H.W.);College of Agricultural, Consumer, and Environmental Sciences, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003 (F.O.H., T.S.);Department of Physiology, Cambridge Advanced Imaging Centre, Cambridge CB2 3DY, United Kingdom (J.N.S.); andDepartment of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599 (L.M.H.)
| | - Mahmoud Gargouri
- Department of Plant Biology (M.T.J., R.R.D., B.D., Y.S.-H.) and Plant Research Laboratory (M.T.J., B.F.L., D.M.K.), Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824;Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164 (J.-J.P., M.G., D.R.G.);Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, Missouri 63132 (H.W., L.M.H.);National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing 100850, China (H.W.);College of Agricultural, Consumer, and Environmental Sciences, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003 (F.O.H., T.S.);Department of Physiology, Cambridge Advanced Imaging Centre, Cambridge CB2 3DY, United Kingdom (J.N.S.); andDepartment of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599 (L.M.H.)
| | - F Omar Holguin
- Department of Plant Biology (M.T.J., R.R.D., B.D., Y.S.-H.) and Plant Research Laboratory (M.T.J., B.F.L., D.M.K.), Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824;Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164 (J.-J.P., M.G., D.R.G.);Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, Missouri 63132 (H.W., L.M.H.);National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing 100850, China (H.W.);College of Agricultural, Consumer, and Environmental Sciences, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003 (F.O.H., T.S.);Department of Physiology, Cambridge Advanced Imaging Centre, Cambridge CB2 3DY, United Kingdom (J.N.S.); andDepartment of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599 (L.M.H.)
| | - Bradley Disbrow
- Department of Plant Biology (M.T.J., R.R.D., B.D., Y.S.-H.) and Plant Research Laboratory (M.T.J., B.F.L., D.M.K.), Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824;Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164 (J.-J.P., M.G., D.R.G.);Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, Missouri 63132 (H.W., L.M.H.);National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing 100850, China (H.W.);College of Agricultural, Consumer, and Environmental Sciences, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003 (F.O.H., T.S.);Department of Physiology, Cambridge Advanced Imaging Centre, Cambridge CB2 3DY, United Kingdom (J.N.S.); andDepartment of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599 (L.M.H.)
| | - Tanner Schaub
- Department of Plant Biology (M.T.J., R.R.D., B.D., Y.S.-H.) and Plant Research Laboratory (M.T.J., B.F.L., D.M.K.), Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824;Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164 (J.-J.P., M.G., D.R.G.);Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, Missouri 63132 (H.W., L.M.H.);National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing 100850, China (H.W.);College of Agricultural, Consumer, and Environmental Sciences, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003 (F.O.H., T.S.);Department of Physiology, Cambridge Advanced Imaging Centre, Cambridge CB2 3DY, United Kingdom (J.N.S.); andDepartment of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599 (L.M.H.)
| | - Jeremy N Skepper
- Department of Plant Biology (M.T.J., R.R.D., B.D., Y.S.-H.) and Plant Research Laboratory (M.T.J., B.F.L., D.M.K.), Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824;Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164 (J.-J.P., M.G., D.R.G.);Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, Missouri 63132 (H.W., L.M.H.);National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing 100850, China (H.W.);College of Agricultural, Consumer, and Environmental Sciences, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003 (F.O.H., T.S.);Department of Physiology, Cambridge Advanced Imaging Centre, Cambridge CB2 3DY, United Kingdom (J.N.S.); andDepartment of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599 (L.M.H.)
| | - David M Kramer
- Department of Plant Biology (M.T.J., R.R.D., B.D., Y.S.-H.) and Plant Research Laboratory (M.T.J., B.F.L., D.M.K.), Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824;Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164 (J.-J.P., M.G., D.R.G.);Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, Missouri 63132 (H.W., L.M.H.);National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing 100850, China (H.W.);College of Agricultural, Consumer, and Environmental Sciences, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003 (F.O.H., T.S.);Department of Physiology, Cambridge Advanced Imaging Centre, Cambridge CB2 3DY, United Kingdom (J.N.S.); andDepartment of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599 (L.M.H.)
| | - David R Gang
- Department of Plant Biology (M.T.J., R.R.D., B.D., Y.S.-H.) and Plant Research Laboratory (M.T.J., B.F.L., D.M.K.), Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824;Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164 (J.-J.P., M.G., D.R.G.);Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, Missouri 63132 (H.W., L.M.H.);National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing 100850, China (H.W.);College of Agricultural, Consumer, and Environmental Sciences, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003 (F.O.H., T.S.);Department of Physiology, Cambridge Advanced Imaging Centre, Cambridge CB2 3DY, United Kingdom (J.N.S.); andDepartment of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599 (L.M.H.)
| | - Leslie M Hicks
- Department of Plant Biology (M.T.J., R.R.D., B.D., Y.S.-H.) and Plant Research Laboratory (M.T.J., B.F.L., D.M.K.), Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824;Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164 (J.-J.P., M.G., D.R.G.);Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, Missouri 63132 (H.W., L.M.H.);National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing 100850, China (H.W.);College of Agricultural, Consumer, and Environmental Sciences, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003 (F.O.H., T.S.);Department of Physiology, Cambridge Advanced Imaging Centre, Cambridge CB2 3DY, United Kingdom (J.N.S.); andDepartment of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599 (L.M.H.)
| | - Yair Shachar-Hill
- Department of Plant Biology (M.T.J., R.R.D., B.D., Y.S.-H.) and Plant Research Laboratory (M.T.J., B.F.L., D.M.K.), Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824;Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164 (J.-J.P., M.G., D.R.G.);Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, Missouri 63132 (H.W., L.M.H.);National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing 100850, China (H.W.);College of Agricultural, Consumer, and Environmental Sciences, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003 (F.O.H., T.S.);Department of Physiology, Cambridge Advanced Imaging Centre, Cambridge CB2 3DY, United Kingdom (J.N.S.); andDepartment of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599 (L.M.H.)
| |
Collapse
|
55
|
Dang KV, Plet J, Tolleter D, Jokel M, Cuiné S, Carrier P, Auroy P, Richaud P, Johnson X, Alric J, Allahverdiyeva Y, Peltier G. Combined increases in mitochondrial cooperation and oxygen photoreduction compensate for deficiency in cyclic electron flow in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. THE PLANT CELL 2014; 26:3036-50. [PMID: 24989042 PMCID: PMC4145130 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.114.126375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
During oxygenic photosynthesis, metabolic reactions of CO2 fixation require more ATP than is supplied by the linear electron flow operating from photosystem II to photosystem I (PSI). Different mechanisms, such as cyclic electron flow (CEF) around PSI, have been proposed to participate in reequilibrating the ATP/NADPH balance. To determine the contribution of CEF to microalgal biomass productivity, here, we studied photosynthesis and growth performances of a knockout Chlamydomonas reinhardtii mutant (pgrl1) deficient in PROTON GRADIENT REGULATION LIKE1 (PGRL1)-mediated CEF. Steady state biomass productivity of the pgrl1 mutant, measured in photobioreactors operated as turbidostats, was similar to its wild-type progenitor under a wide range of illumination and CO2 concentrations. Several changes were observed in pgrl1, including higher sensitivity of photosynthesis to mitochondrial inhibitors, increased light-dependent O2 uptake, and increased amounts of flavodiiron (FLV) proteins. We conclude that a combination of mitochondrial cooperation and oxygen photoreduction downstream of PSI (Mehler reactions) supplies extra ATP for photosynthesis in the pgrl1 mutant, resulting in normal biomass productivity under steady state conditions. The lower biomass productivity observed in the pgrl1 mutant in fluctuating light is attributed to an inability of compensation mechanisms to respond to a rapid increase in ATP demand.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kieu-Van Dang
- CEA, Institut de Biologie Environnementale et de Biotechnologie, Laboratoire de Bioénergétique et Biotechnologie des Bactéries et Microalgues, CEA Cadarache, F-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France CNRS, UMR 7265 Biologie Végétale et Microbiologie Environnementale, F-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France Aix Marseille Université, UMR 7265 Biologie Végétale et Microbiologie Environnementale, F-13284 Marseille, France
| | - Julie Plet
- CEA, Institut de Biologie Environnementale et de Biotechnologie, Laboratoire de Bioénergétique et Biotechnologie des Bactéries et Microalgues, CEA Cadarache, F-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France CNRS, UMR 7265 Biologie Végétale et Microbiologie Environnementale, F-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France Aix Marseille Université, UMR 7265 Biologie Végétale et Microbiologie Environnementale, F-13284 Marseille, France
| | - Dimitri Tolleter
- CEA, Institut de Biologie Environnementale et de Biotechnologie, Laboratoire de Bioénergétique et Biotechnologie des Bactéries et Microalgues, CEA Cadarache, F-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France CNRS, UMR 7265 Biologie Végétale et Microbiologie Environnementale, F-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France Aix Marseille Université, UMR 7265 Biologie Végétale et Microbiologie Environnementale, F-13284 Marseille, France
| | - Martina Jokel
- Laboratory of Molecular Plant Biology, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Stéphan Cuiné
- CEA, Institut de Biologie Environnementale et de Biotechnologie, Laboratoire de Bioénergétique et Biotechnologie des Bactéries et Microalgues, CEA Cadarache, F-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France CNRS, UMR 7265 Biologie Végétale et Microbiologie Environnementale, F-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France Aix Marseille Université, UMR 7265 Biologie Végétale et Microbiologie Environnementale, F-13284 Marseille, France
| | - Patrick Carrier
- CEA, Institut de Biologie Environnementale et de Biotechnologie, Laboratoire de Bioénergétique et Biotechnologie des Bactéries et Microalgues, CEA Cadarache, F-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France CNRS, UMR 7265 Biologie Végétale et Microbiologie Environnementale, F-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France Aix Marseille Université, UMR 7265 Biologie Végétale et Microbiologie Environnementale, F-13284 Marseille, France
| | - Pascaline Auroy
- CEA, Institut de Biologie Environnementale et de Biotechnologie, Laboratoire de Bioénergétique et Biotechnologie des Bactéries et Microalgues, CEA Cadarache, F-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France CNRS, UMR 7265 Biologie Végétale et Microbiologie Environnementale, F-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France Aix Marseille Université, UMR 7265 Biologie Végétale et Microbiologie Environnementale, F-13284 Marseille, France
| | - Pierre Richaud
- CEA, Institut de Biologie Environnementale et de Biotechnologie, Laboratoire de Bioénergétique et Biotechnologie des Bactéries et Microalgues, CEA Cadarache, F-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France CNRS, UMR 7265 Biologie Végétale et Microbiologie Environnementale, F-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France Aix Marseille Université, UMR 7265 Biologie Végétale et Microbiologie Environnementale, F-13284 Marseille, France
| | - Xenie Johnson
- CEA, Institut de Biologie Environnementale et de Biotechnologie, Laboratoire de Bioénergétique et Biotechnologie des Bactéries et Microalgues, CEA Cadarache, F-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France CNRS, UMR 7265 Biologie Végétale et Microbiologie Environnementale, F-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France Aix Marseille Université, UMR 7265 Biologie Végétale et Microbiologie Environnementale, F-13284 Marseille, France
| | - Jean Alric
- CEA, Institut de Biologie Environnementale et de Biotechnologie, Laboratoire de Bioénergétique et Biotechnologie des Bactéries et Microalgues, CEA Cadarache, F-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France CNRS, UMR 7265 Biologie Végétale et Microbiologie Environnementale, F-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France Aix Marseille Université, UMR 7265 Biologie Végétale et Microbiologie Environnementale, F-13284 Marseille, France
| | - Yagut Allahverdiyeva
- Laboratory of Molecular Plant Biology, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Gilles Peltier
- CEA, Institut de Biologie Environnementale et de Biotechnologie, Laboratoire de Bioénergétique et Biotechnologie des Bactéries et Microalgues, CEA Cadarache, F-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France CNRS, UMR 7265 Biologie Végétale et Microbiologie Environnementale, F-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France Aix Marseille Université, UMR 7265 Biologie Végétale et Microbiologie Environnementale, F-13284 Marseille, France
| |
Collapse
|