51
|
Luo G, Jing X, Yang S, Peng D, Dong J, Li L, Reinach PS, Yan D. DNA Methylation Regulates Corneal Epithelial Wound Healing by Targeting miR-200a and CDKN2B. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2019; 60:650-660. [PMID: 30785991 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.18-25443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose DNA methylation is a key epigenetic modification involved in various biological processes and diseases. Corneal epithelial wound healing (CEWH) is essential for restoring corneal integrity and transparency after injury. However, the role of DNA methylation in CEWH remains elusive. Here, we investigate the function and underlying mechanism of DNA methylation in regulating CEWH. Methods Dot blots and global methylation assays determined DNA methylation levels during CEWH. Quantitative RT-PCR and Western blot analysis examined the expression of DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs), cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2B (CDKN2B), and miR-200a during CEWH, respectively. MTS assays and flow cytometry were used to analyze human corneal epithelial cell (HCEC) proliferation and cell cycle, respectively. The in vitro scratch wound assay assessed HCEC migration and an in vivo murine corneal epithelial debridement model evaluated wound healing. Using bisulfite sequencing PCR, we determined the DNA methylation status of the candidate genes. Transfection of miR-200a mimic or inhibitor assessed the function of miR-200a in HCECs. Rescue experiments were performed to clarify the correlation between DNMT1 and miR-200a/CDKN2B during CEWH. Results DNMT1 and DNMT3B expression was significantly upregulated during CEWH, resulting in a significant global DNA hypermethylation. DNMT1 downregulation dramatically delayed CEWH in vivo, and suppressed HCEC proliferation and migration. MiR-200a inhibited HCEC migration. Furthermore, miR-200a and CDKN2B were identified as molecular targets of DNA methylation and as having a causal connection with DNMT1. Conclusions DNMT1-mediated DNA hypermethylation can enhance the process of CEWH by directly targeting miR-200a and CDKN2B. This insight pinpoints novel potential drug targets for promoting CEWH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guangying Luo
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xia Jing
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shuai Yang
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dewei Peng
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jing Dong
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Li Li
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Peter S Reinach
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dongsheng Yan
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
52
|
CDX1/2 and KLF5 Expression and Epigenetic Modulation of Sonic Hedgehog Signaling in Gastric Adenocarcinoma. Pathol Oncol Res 2019; 25:1215-1222. [DOI: 10.1007/s12253-019-00594-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
|
53
|
Xie J, Chen J, Wang B, He X, Huang H. Bone mesenchymal stromal cells exhibit functional inhibition but no chromosomal aberrations in chronic myelogenous leukemia. Oncol Lett 2019; 17:999-1007. [PMID: 30655859 PMCID: PMC6312938 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.9681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) is a myeloproliferative neoplasia characterized by the presence of the Philadelphia (Ph) chromosome in hematopoietic cells (HCs). As one of the most important components of the bone marrow microenvironment (BMM), bone mesenchymal stromal cells (BMSCs) are critical in the development of leukemia and essential in the regulation of hematopoiesis. However, little is known regarding the alterations of BMSCs in CML. The current study performed Cell Counting Kit-8 and colony-forming unit fibroblast assays to evaluate the proliferative ability of BMSCs. The percentage of senescent BMSCs was evaluated by a senescence-associated β-galactosidase staining assay. Subsequently, a long-term culture-initiating cell assay was designed to explore the HC-supporting capacity of the BMSCs. Furthermore, cytogenetics were detected by conventional cytogenetic analysis and fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis. The current results revealed that CML-BMSCs exhibited decreased cell proliferation and impaired HC-support capacity, as well as increased susceptibility to senescence. No chromosomal aberrations, including the absence of the Ph chromosome, were noted in all CML-BMSCs. In conclusion, the current study demonstrated functional inhibition of CML-BMSCs; however, no signs of chromosomal aberrations were observed, thereby providing insight into the changes occurring in the CML-BMM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jieqiong Xie
- Central Laboratory, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Hematology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, P.R. China
| | - Jiadi Chen
- Fujian Institute of Hematology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Hematology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, P.R. China
| | - Bin Wang
- Central Laboratory, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Hematology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, P.R. China
| | - Xuchun He
- Department of Medical Technology, Fujian Health Career Technical College, Fuzhou, Fujian 350101, P.R. China
| | - Huifang Huang
- Central Laboratory, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Hematology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
54
|
Fluctuations of epigenetic regulations in human gastric Adenocarcinoma: How does it affect? Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 109:144-156. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.10.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
|
55
|
Shafabakhsh R, Aghadavod E, Ghayour‐Mobarhan M, Ferns G, Asemi Z. Role of histone modification and DNA methylation in signaling pathways involved in diabetic retinopathy. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:7839-7846. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rana Shafabakhsh
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases Kashan University of Medical Sciences Kashan Iran
| | - Esmat Aghadavod
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases Kashan University of Medical Sciences Kashan Iran
| | - Majid Ghayour‐Mobarhan
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
| | - Gordon Ferns
- Division of Medical Education Brighton & Sussex Medical School Brighton UK
| | - Zatollah Asemi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases Kashan University of Medical Sciences Kashan Iran
| |
Collapse
|
56
|
Samadani AA, Norollahi SE, Rashidy-Pour A, Mansour-Ghanaei F, Nemati S, Joukar F, Afshar AM, Ghazanfari S, Safizadeh M, Rostami P, Gatei M. Cancer signaling pathways with a therapeutic approach: An overview in epigenetic regulations of cancer stem cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 108:590-599. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.09.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2018] [Revised: 09/08/2018] [Accepted: 09/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
|
57
|
Uramova S, Kubatka P, Dankova Z, Kapinova A, Zolakova B, Samec M, Zubor P, Zulli A, Valentova V, Kwon TK, Solar P, Kello M, Kajo K, Busselberg D, Pec M, Danko J. Plant natural modulators in breast cancer prevention: status quo and future perspectives reinforced by predictive, preventive, and personalized medical approach. EPMA J 2018; 9:403-419. [PMID: 30538792 DOI: 10.1007/s13167-018-0154-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
In contrast to the genetic component in mammary carcinogenesis, epigenetic alterations are particularly important for the development of sporadic breast cancer (BC) comprising over 90% of all BC cases worldwide. Most of the DNA methylation processes are physiological and essential for human cellular and tissue homeostasis, playing an important role in a number of key mechanisms. However, if dysregulated, DNA methylation contributes to pathological processes such as cancer development and progression. A global hypomethylation of oncogenes and hypermethylation of tumor-suppressor genes are characteristic of most cancer types. Moreover, histone chemical modifications and non-coding RNA-associated multi-gene controls are considered as the key epigenetic mechanisms governing the cellular homeostasis and differentiation states. A number of studies demonstrate dietary plant products as actively affecting the development and progression of cancer. "Nutri-epigenetics" focuses on the influence of dietary agents on epigenetic mechanisms. This approach has gained considerable attention; since in contrast to genetic alterations, epigenetic modifications are reversible affect early carcinogenesis. Currently, there is an evident lack of papers dedicated to the phytochemicals/plant extracts as complex epigenetic modulators, specifically in BC. Our paper highlights the role of plant natural compounds in targeting epigenetic alterations associated with BC development, progression, as well as its potential chemoprevention in the context of preventive medicine. Comprehensive measures are stated with a great potential to advance the overall BC management in favor of predictive, preventive, and personalized medical services and can be considered as "proof-of principle" model, for their potential application to other multifactorial diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sona Uramova
- 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Peter Kubatka
- 2Department of Medical Biology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mala Hora 4, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia.,3Division of Oncology, Biomedical Center Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Zuzana Dankova
- 3Division of Oncology, Biomedical Center Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Andrea Kapinova
- 3Division of Oncology, Biomedical Center Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Barbora Zolakova
- 3Division of Oncology, Biomedical Center Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Marek Samec
- 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Pavol Zubor
- 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Anthony Zulli
- 4Institute for Health and Sport (IHES), Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Taeg Kyu Kwon
- 6Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Peter Solar
- 7Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, P.J. Šafárik University, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Martin Kello
- 8Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, P.J. Šafárik University, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Karol Kajo
- Department of Pathology, St. Elisabeth Oncology Institute, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Dietrich Busselberg
- 10Qatar Foundation, Weill Cornell Medical College in Qatar, Education City, Doha Qatar
| | - Martin Pec
- 2Department of Medical Biology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mala Hora 4, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Jan Danko
- 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| |
Collapse
|
58
|
Fattahi S, Golpour M, Amjadi-Moheb F, Sharifi-Pasandi M, Khodadadi P, Pilehchian-Langroudi M, Ashrafi GH, Akhavan-Niaki H. DNA methyltransferases and gastric cancer: insight into targeted therapy. Epigenomics 2018; 10:1477-1497. [PMID: 30325215 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2018-0096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is a major health problem worldwide occupying most frequent causes of cancer-related mortality. In addition to genetic modifications, epigenetic alterations catalyzed by DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) are a well-characterized epigenetic hallmark in gastric cancer. The reversible nature of epigenetic alterations and central role of DNA methylation in diverse biological processes provides an opportunity for using DNMT inhibitors to enhance the efficacy of chemotherapeutics. In this review, we discussed key factors or mechanisms such as SNPs, infections and genetic modifications that trigger DNMTs level modification in gastric cancer, and their potential roles in cancer progression. Finally, we focused on how inhibitors of the DNMTs can most effectively be used for the treatment of gastric cancer with multidrug resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sadegh Fattahi
- Cellular & Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, 4717647745, Babol, Iran.,North Research Center, Pasteur Institute, Amol, 4615885399, Iran
| | - Monireh Golpour
- Molecular & Cell Biology Research Center, Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Science, Sari, 4817844718, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Amjadi-Moheb
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, 4717647745, Babol, Iran
| | - Marzieh Sharifi-Pasandi
- Molecular & Cell Biology Research Center, Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Science, Sari, 4817844718, Iran
| | - Parastesh Khodadadi
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, 4717647745, Babol, Iran
| | | | - Gholam Hossein Ashrafi
- School of Life Science, Pharmacy & Chemistry, SEC Faculty, Cancer Theme, Kingston University London, Kingston upon Thames, London KT1 2EE, UK
| | - Haleh Akhavan-Niaki
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, 4717647745, Babol, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
59
|
Ghadami E, Nikbakhsh N, Fattahi S, Kosari‐Monfared M, Ranaee M, Taheri H, Amjadi‐Moheb F, Godazandeh G, Shafaei S, Nosrati A, Pilehchian Langroudi M, Samadani AA, Amirbozorgi G, Mirnia V, Akhavan‐Niaki H. Epigenetic alterations of
CYLD
promoter modulate its expression in gastric adenocarcinoma: A footprint of infections. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:4115-4124. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elham Ghadami
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine Babol University of Medical Sciences Babol Iran
- Department of Genetics Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences Babol Iran
| | - Novin Nikbakhsh
- Department of Surgery Rouhani Hospital, Babol University of Medical Sciences Babol Iran
| | - Sadegh Fattahi
- Department of Genetics Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences Babol Iran
- Department of Molecular Biology North Research Center of Pasteur Institute Amol Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Ranaee
- Department of Pathology Rouhani Hospital, Babol University of Medical Sciences Babol Iran
| | - Hassan Taheri
- Department of Internal Medicine Rouhani Hospital, Babol University of Medical Sciences Babol Iran
| | - Fatemeh Amjadi‐Moheb
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine Babol University of Medical Sciences Babol Iran
| | - Gholamali Godazandeh
- Department of Thoracic Surgery Imam Khomeini Hospital, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences Sari Iran
| | - Shahryar Shafaei
- Department of Pathology Rouhani Hospital, Babol University of Medical Sciences Babol Iran
| | - Anahita Nosrati
- Department of Pathology Imam Khomeini Hospital, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences Sari Iran
| | | | - Ali Akbar Samadani
- Department of Genetics Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences Babol Iran
- Department of Genetics Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center (GLDRC), Guilan University of Medical Sciences Rasht Iran
| | - Galia Amirbozorgi
- Department of Molecular Biology North Research Center of Pasteur Institute Amol Iran
| | - Vahideh Mirnia
- Faculty of Paramedicine Babol University of Medical Sciences Babol Iran
| | - Haleh Akhavan‐Niaki
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine Babol University of Medical Sciences Babol Iran
- Department of Genetics Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences Babol Iran
| |
Collapse
|
60
|
Pan Y, Ma P, Liu Y, Li W, Shu Y. Multiple functions of m 6A RNA methylation in cancer. J Hematol Oncol 2018; 11:48. [PMID: 29587823 PMCID: PMC5870302 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-018-0590-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 224] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
First identified in 1974, m6A RNA methylation, which serves as a predominant internal modification of RNA in higher eukaryotes, has gained prodigious interest in recent years. Modifications of m6A are dynamic and reversible in mammalian cells, which have been proposed as another layer of epigenetic regulation similar to DNA and histone modifications. m6A RNA methylation is involved in all stages in the life cycle of RNA, ranging from RNA processing, through nuclear export, translation modulation to RNA degradation, which suggests its potential of influencing a plurality of aspects of RNA metabolism. All of the recent studies have pointed to a complicated regulation network of m6A modification in different tissues, cell lines, and space–time models. m6A methylation has been found to have an impact on tumor initiation and progression through various mechanisms. Furthermore, m6A RNA methylation has provided new opportunities for early stage diagnosis and treatment of cancers. Herein, we review the chemical basis of m6A RNA methylation, its multiple functions and potential significance in cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yutian Pan
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Pei Ma
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Oncology, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yongqian Shu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China. .,Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Oncology, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
61
|
Li Y, Dong W, Shan X, Hong H, Liu Y, Liu Y, Liu X, Zhang X, Zhang J. The anti-tumor effects of Mfn2 in breast cancer are dependent on promoter DNA methylation, the P21 Ras motif and PKA phosphorylation site. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:8011-8018. [PMID: 29731912 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitofusin 2 (Mfn2) is expressed in numerous human tissues and serves a pivotal role in cell proliferation. However, Mfn2 is considered as an anti-tumor gene, and is silenced in human malignant tumors, including those of breast cancer. However, the mechanisms contributing to Mfn2 silencing and the mechanism of its anti-tumor function in breast cancer remain unclear. In the present study, hypoexpression of Mfn2, and hypermethylation of its promoter, was confirmed in human breast cancer cells and in breast cancer tissues by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and methylation specific PCR, respectively. Chemical demethylation treatment with 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine upregulated the mRNA expression level of Mfn2 in MCF-7 cells in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, overexpression of Mfn2 repressed the proliferation, migration and invasion of MCF-7 cells, mediated by inhibition of the Ras-extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 signaling pathway. However, overexpression of Mfn2 with deletion of the p21Ras motif (Mfn2ΔRas) and protein kinase A (PKA) phosphorylation site (Mfn2ΔPKA) partially reduced the anti-tumor function of Mfn2, and inhibited the Ras-ERK1/2 signaling pathway. Taken together, the present study confirmed the anti-tumor effects of Mfn2 in human breast cancer and clarified that the mechanism of its anti-tumor functions includes promoter DNA methylation, the P21Ras binding site and PKA phosphorylation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Li
- The Cancer Institute, Affiliated Tangshan People's Hospital of North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063001, P.R. China
| | - Wenyue Dong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Tangshan People's Hospital of North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063001, P.R. China
| | - Xijin Shan
- Department of Surgery, Rizhao Port Hospital, Rizhao, Shandong 276800, P.R. China
| | - Hui Hong
- Department of Head, Neck and Breast Surgery, Shangrao People's Hospital, Shangrao, Jiangxi 334000, P.R. China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Life Sciences, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063000, P.R. China
| | - Yankun Liu
- The Cancer Institute, Affiliated Tangshan People's Hospital of North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063001, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohui Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Tangshan People's Hospital of North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063001, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojun Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Affiliated Zunhua People's Hospital of North China University of Science and Technology, Zunhua, Hebei 064200, P.R. China
| | - Jinghua Zhang
- The Cancer Institute, Affiliated Tangshan People's Hospital of North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063001, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
62
|
A pan-cancer analysis of MYC-PVT1 reveals CNV-unmediated deregulation and poor prognosis in renal carcinoma. Oncotarget 2018; 7:47033-47041. [PMID: 27366943 PMCID: PMC5216921 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Accepted: 04/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The PVT1 lncRNA has recently been involved in tumorigenesis by affecting the protein stability of the MYC proto-oncogene. Both MYC and PVT1 reside in a well-known cancer-risk locus and enhanced levels of their products have been reported in different human cancers. Nonetheless, the extension and relevance of the MYC-PVT1 deregulation in tumorigenesis has not yet been systematically addressed. Here we performed a pan-cancer analysis of matched copy number, transcriptomic, methylation, proteomic and clinicopathological profiles for almost 7000 patients from 17 different cancers represented in the TCGA cohorts. Among all cancers types, kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) showed the strongest upregulation of PVT1 and increased levels of both MYC and PVT1 correlated with the clinical outcome. PVT1 misregulation in KIRC is mostly associated to promoter hypomethylation rather than locus amplification. Furthermore, we found an association between MYC levels and PVT1 expression, which impacted on MYC-target genes. Collectively, our study discloses the role of PVT1 as a novel prognostic factor and as a molecular target for novel therapeutic interventions in renal carcinoma.
Collapse
|
63
|
Andersen GB, Tost J. A Summary of the Biological Processes, Disease-Associated Changes, and Clinical Applications of DNA Methylation. Methods Mol Biol 2018; 1708:3-30. [PMID: 29224136 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-7481-8_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
DNA methylation at cytosines followed by guanines, CpGs, forms one of the multiple layers of epigenetic mechanisms controlling and modulating gene expression through chromatin structure. It closely interacts with histone modifications and chromatin remodeling complexes to form the local genomic and higher-order chromatin landscape. DNA methylation is essential for proper mammalian development, crucial for imprinting and plays a role in maintaining genomic stability. DNA methylation patterns are susceptible to change in response to environmental stimuli such as diet or toxins, whereby the epigenome seems to be most vulnerable during early life. Changes of DNA methylation levels and patterns have been widely studied in several diseases, especially cancer, where interest has focused on biomarkers for early detection of cancer development, accurate diagnosis, and response to treatment, but have also been shown to occur in many other complex diseases. Recent advances in epigenome engineering technologies allow now for the large-scale assessment of the functional relevance of DNA methylation. As a stable nucleic acid-based modification that is technically easy to handle and which can be analyzed with great reproducibility and accuracy by different laboratories, DNA methylation is a promising biomarker for many applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gitte Brinch Andersen
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Laboratory for Epigenetics & Environment, Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine, CEA-Institut de Biologie Francois Jacob, Bâtiment G2, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, 91000, Evry, France
| | - Jörg Tost
- Laboratory for Epigenetics & Environment, Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine, CEA-Institut de Biologie Francois Jacob, Bâtiment G2, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, 91000, Evry, France.
| |
Collapse
|
64
|
El Bairi K, Tariq K, Himri I, Jaafari A, Smaili W, Kandhro AH, Gouri A, Ghazi B. Decoding colorectal cancer epigenomics. Cancer Genet 2018; 220:49-76. [PMID: 29310839 DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergen.2017.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Revised: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is very heterogeneous and presents different types of epigenetic alterations including DNA methylation, histone modifications and microRNAs. These changes are considered as characteristics of various observed clinical phenotypes. Undoubtedly, the discovery of epigenetic pathways with novel epigenetic-related mechanisms constitutes a promising advance in cancer biomarker discovery. In this review, we provide an evidence-based discussing of the current understanding of CRC epigenomics and its role in initiation, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and metastasis. We also discuss the recent findings regarding the potential clinical perspectives of these alterations as potent biomarkers for CRC diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy in the era of liquid biopsy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Khalid El Bairi
- Independent Research Team in Cancer Biology and Bioactive Compounds, Mohamed 1(st) University, Oujda, Morocco.
| | - Kanwal Tariq
- B-10 Jumani Center, Garden East, Karachi 74400, Pakistan
| | - Imane Himri
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Mohamed I(st) Universiy, Oujda, Morocco; Delegation of the Ministry of Health, Oujda, Morocco
| | - Abdeslam Jaafari
- Laboratoire de Génie Biologique, Equipe d'Immunopharmacologie, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université Sultan Moulay Slimane, Beni Mellal, Maroc
| | - Wiam Smaili
- Centre de Génomique Humaine, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Université Mohamed V, Rabat, Maroc; Département de Génétique Médicale, Institut National d'Hygiène, Rabat, Maroc
| | - Abdul Hafeez Kandhro
- Department of Biochemistry, Healthcare Molecular and Diagnostic Laboratory, Hyderabad, Pakistan
| | - Adel Gouri
- Laboratory of Medical Biochemistry, Ibn Rochd University Hospital, Annaba, Algeria
| | - Bouchra Ghazi
- National Laboratory of Reference, Faculty of Medicine, Mohammed VI University of Health Sciences (UM6SS), Casablanca, Morocco
| |
Collapse
|
65
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND The identification of prognostic biomarkers for cancer patients is essential for cancer research. These days, DNA methylation has been proved to be associated with cancer prognosis. However, there are few methods which identify the prognostic markers based on DNA methylation data systematically, especially considering the interaction among DNA methylation sites. METHODS In this paper, we first evaluated the stabilities of microRNA, mRNA, and DNA methylation data in prognosis of cancer. After that, a rank-based method was applied to construct a DNA methylation interaction network. In this network, nodes with the largest degrees (10% of all the nodes) were selected as hubs. Cox regression was applied to select the hubs as prognostic signature. In this prognostic signature, DNA methylation levels of each DNA methylation site are correlated with the outcomes of cancer patients. After obtaining these prognostic genes, we performed the survival analysis in the training group and the test group to verify the reliability of these genes. RESULTS We applied our method in three cancers (ovarian cancer, breast cancer and Glioblastoma Multiforme). In all the three cancers, there are more common ones of prognostic genes selected from different samples in DNA methylation data, compared with gene expression data and miRNA expression data, which indicates the DNA methylation data may be more stable in cancer prognosis. Power-law distribution fitting suggests that the DNA methylation interaction networks are scale-free. And the hubs selected from the three networks are all enriched by cancer related pathways. The gene signatures were obtained for the three cancers respectively, and survival analysis shows they can distinguish the outcomes of tumor patients in both the training data sets and test data sets, which outperformed the control signatures. CONCLUSIONS A computational method was proposed to construct DNA methylation interaction network and this network could be used to select prognostic signatures in cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Lin Hu
- College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiong-Hui Zhou
- College of Informatics, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
66
|
Gamboa-Loira B, Cebrián ME, Salinas-Rodríguez A, López-Carrillo L. Genetic susceptibility to breast cancer risk associated with inorganic arsenic exposure. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2017; 56:106-113. [PMID: 28889078 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2017.08.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate whether the association between breast cancer (BC) and inorganic arsenic (iAs) exposure is modulated by selected polymorphisms in iAs metabolism. METHODS A population based case-control (1016/1028) study was conducted in Northern Mexico. Urinary arsenic metabolites were measured by High Performance Liquid Chromatography. Metabolites percentages and methylation ratios, were estimated. Genotypes of selected polymorphisms were determined by allelic discrimination. The interaction between polymorphisms and iAs metabolites percentages and methylation ratios on BC was assessed with unconditional logistic regression models. RESULTS A significant interaction (p=0.002) between MTR c.2756A>G polymorphism and percentage dimethylarsinic acid (DMA) on BC was found; BC risk related with %DMA was lower in AG+GG carriers than in AA carriers. No other significant interactions were found. CONCLUSION MTR c.2756A>G polymorphism may confer protection for BC associated with iAs exposure. Further research is warranted to elucidate the potential involvement of other polymorphisms in iAs-related BC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brenda Gamboa-Loira
- Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Av. Universidad 655, Col. Santa María Ahuacatitlán, C.P. 62100, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.
| | - Mariano E Cebrián
- Departamento de Toxicología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, Col. San Pedro Zacatenco, Del. Gustavo A. Madero, C.P. 07360, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - Aarón Salinas-Rodríguez
- Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Av. Universidad 655, Col. Santa María Ahuacatitlán, C.P. 62100, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.
| | - Lizbeth López-Carrillo
- Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Av. Universidad 655, Col. Santa María Ahuacatitlán, C.P. 62100, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
67
|
Abstract
Abstract
Clinical practice and experimental studies have shown the necessity of sufficient quantities of folic acid intake for normal embryogenesis and fetal development in the prevention of neural tube defects (NTDs) and neurological malformations. So, women of childbearing age must be sure to have an adequate folate intake periconceptionally, prior to and during pregnancy. Folic acid fortification of all enriched cereal grain product flour has been implemented in many countries. Thus, hundreds of thousands of people have been exposed to an increased intake of folic acid. Folate plays an essential role in the biosynthesis of methionine. Methionine is the principal aminopropyl donor required for polyamine biosynthesis, which is up-regulated in actively growing cells, including cancer cells. Folates are important in RNA and DNA synthesis, DNA stability and integrity. Clinical and epidemiological evidence links folate deficiency to DNA damage and cancer. On the other hand, long-term folate oversupplementation leads to adverse toxic effects, resulting in the appearance of malignancy. Considering the relationship of polyamines and rapidly proliferating tissues (especially cancers), there is a need for better investigation of the relationship between the ingestion of high amounts of folic acid in food supplementation and polyamine metabolism, related to malignant processes in the human body.
Collapse
|
68
|
张 少, 薛 志. [Progress of Epigenetic Methylation in Lung Cancer Research]. ZHONGGUO FEI AI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF LUNG CANCER 2017; 20:635-640. [PMID: 28935018 PMCID: PMC5973367 DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2017.09.08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Revised: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is becoming an increasing threat to Chinese residents and its incidence continues to rise while the treatment effect is far from satisfactory. Hence, it is essential to improve the level of early diagnosis, treatment, prognosis in lung cancer. An epigenetic trait is a stably heritable phenotype resulting from changes in a chromosome without alterations in the DNA sequence. The epigenetic studies, such as DNA methylation and histone methylation, are progressing rapidly in oncology research. A comprehensive understanding of its development status and existing problems is of great significance for the future research and the implementation of precision medicine. Herein, we aim to outline the progress of DNA methylation and histone methylation modification in lung cancer and make a prospect for the future research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- 少伟 张
- />100853 北京,中国人民解放军总医院胸外科一病区Department of Toracic Surgery, PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - 志强 薛
- />100853 北京,中国人民解放军总医院胸外科一病区Department of Toracic Surgery, PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| |
Collapse
|
69
|
Spheroid growth in ovarian cancer alters transcriptome responses for stress pathways and epigenetic responses. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0182930. [PMID: 28793334 PMCID: PMC5549971 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0182930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynecological cancer, with over 200,000 women diagnosed each year and over half of those cases leading to death. These poor statistics are related to a lack of early symptoms and inadequate screening techniques. This results in the cancer going undetected until later stages when the tumor has metastasized through a process that requires the epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT). In lieu of traditional monolayer cell culture, EMT and cancer progression in general is best characterized through the use of 3D spheroid models. In this study, we examine gene expression changes through microarray analysis in spheroid versus monolayer ovarian cancer cells treated with TGFβ to induce EMT. Transcripts that included Coiled-Coil Domain Containing 80 (CCDC80), Solute Carrier Family 6 (Neutral Amino Acid Transporter), Member 15 (SLC6A15), Semaphorin 3E (SEMA3E) and PIF1 5'-To-3' DNA Helicase (PIF1) were downregulated more than 10-fold in the 3D cells while Inhibitor Of DNA Binding 2, HLH Protein (ID2), Regulator Of Cell Cycle (RGCC), Protease, Serine 35 (PRSS35), and Aldo-Keto Reductase Family 1, Member C1 (AKR1C1) were increased more than 50-fold. Interestingly, EMT factors, stress responses and epigenetic processes were significantly affected by 3D growth. The heat shock response and the oxidative stress response were also identified as transcriptome responses that showed significant changes upon 3D growth. Subnetwork enrichment analysis revealed that DNA integrity (e.g. DNA damage, genetic instability, nucleotide excision repair, and the DNA damage checkpoint pathway) were altered in the 3D spheroid model. In addition, two epigenetic processes, DNA methylation and histone acetylation, were increased with 3D growth. These findings support the hypothesis that three dimensional ovarian cell culturing is physiologically different from its monolayer counterpart.
Collapse
|
70
|
Sanchez H, Hossain MB, Lera L, Hirsch S, Albala C, Uauy R, Broberg K, Ronco AM. High levels of circulating folate concentrations are associated with DNA methylation of tumor suppressor and repair genes p16, MLH1, and MGMT in elderly Chileans. Clin Epigenetics 2017; 9:74. [PMID: 28748002 PMCID: PMC5525256 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-017-0374-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Changes in DNA methylation, one of the most studied epigenetic mechanisms, are considered an initial marker for early cancer detection. We evaluated how availability of dietary factors (folates and vitamin B12) involved in one-carbon metabolism may contribute to DNA methylation changes of cancer-related genes in human subjects. METHODS We studied, by pyrosequencing, the methylation of tumor suppressor gene p16, DNA repair genes MLH1 and MGMT, and the repetitive element LINE-1 (as a surrogate for global DNA methylation), in blood of elderly individuals (n = 249) who had been exposed to folic acid (FA) through FA-fortified wheat flour during the last 12 years. RESULTS We found that serum folate and to a lesser extent, vitamin B12 concentrations, were significantly correlated with DNA methylation of p16, MLH1, and MGMT, but not with LINE-1. High serum folate concentrations (>45.3 nmol/L) were present in 31.1% of the participants. Although the methylated fraction of CpG sites in p16, MLH1, and MGMT was low (1.17-3.8%), high folate concentrations were significantly associated with methylation at the 3rd tertile of specific CpG sites in all genes with OR between 1.97 and 4.17. CONCLUSIONS This study shows that a public policy, like food fortification with FA that increases circulating serum folate levels, could affect methylation levels of specific genes linked to cancer risk. Our present results deserve additional studies to clarify the real impact of high FA levels for risk of cancer in a whole population chronically exposed to a fortified food such as wheat flour. TRIAL REGISTRATION ISRCTN 48153354 and ISRCTN 02694183.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Sanchez
- Unidad de Nutrición Pública, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos Doctor. Fernando Monckeberg Barros (INTA), Universidad de Chile, El Líbano 5524, Macul, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mohammad B. Hossain
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Lydia Lera
- Unidad de Nutrición Pública, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos Doctor. Fernando Monckeberg Barros (INTA), Universidad de Chile, El Líbano 5524, Macul, Santiago, Chile
| | - Sandra Hirsch
- Unidad de Nutrición Humana, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos Doctor Fernando Monckeberg Barros (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Cecilia Albala
- Unidad de Nutrición Pública, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos Doctor. Fernando Monckeberg Barros (INTA), Universidad de Chile, El Líbano 5524, Macul, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ricardo Uauy
- Unidad de Nutrición Pública, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos Doctor. Fernando Monckeberg Barros (INTA), Universidad de Chile, El Líbano 5524, Macul, Santiago, Chile
| | - Karin Broberg
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Institutet of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ana M. Ronco
- Unidad de Nutrición Humana, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos Doctor Fernando Monckeberg Barros (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
71
|
Li X, Lu H, Fan G, He M, Sun Y, Xu K, Shi F. A novel interplay between HOTAIR and DNA methylation in osteosarcoma cells indicates a new therapeutic strategy. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2017; 143:2189-2200. [DOI: 10.1007/s00432-017-2478-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
|
72
|
Wang N, Sui F, Ma J, Su X, Liu J, Yao D, Shi B, Hou P, Yang Q. Site-specific Hypermethylation of RUNX3 Predicts Poor Prognosis in Gastric Cancer. Arch Med Res 2017; 47:285-92. [PMID: 27664488 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2016.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/22/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Methylation status of RUNX3 remains largely unknown in gastric cancer (GC). The aim of this study was to prognostically evaluate the methylation level of CpG sites within RUNX3 promoter region in GC. METHODS Using pyrosequencing, we quantitatively explored the methylation status of 8 CpG sites within RUNX3 promoter region for 76 gastric cancer and 24 normal gastric tissues. We then analyzed the association between methylation level of each CpG site and clinicopathological characteristics and outcomes in the cohort. RESULTS Methylation of RUNX3 promoter was significantly higher in GC than normal subjects. Overall methylation level was closely associated with tumor invasion and TNM stage. Positive associations were found between hypermethylation of the following concerned sites and variables: site -1392, -1397, -1403, -1415 and tumor invasion, as well as TNM stage; site -1392 and lymph node metastasis along with number of lymph node metastases; site -1415 and cancer recurrence; site -1403, -1415 and cancer-related deaths. In multivariate analysis, tumor invasion was correlated with sites -1392 and -1397. Lymph node metastasis was associated with site -1392. Most importantly, methylation of site -1415 was associated with poor survival by using Cox survival regression. CONCLUSION Analysis of RUNX3 gene promoter by quantitative pyrosequencing suggested methylation status of RUNX3 is different in normal and tumor tissues. RUNX3 methylation level is associated with GC, especially the methylation at site -1415 contributes to the poor prognosis in GC. Thus, RUNX3 methylation may serve as a valuable diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in GC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Na Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Sui
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingjing Ma
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Su
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiazhe Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Demao Yao
- Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingyin Shi
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Hou
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
73
|
Wu MM, Yang F. [Research advances in the association between maternal intake of methyl donor nutrients during pregnancy and DNA methylation in offspring]. ZHONGGUO DANG DAI ER KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY PEDIATRICS 2017; 19:601-606. [PMID: 28506357 PMCID: PMC7389130 DOI: 10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2017.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Maternal nutrition during pregnancy plays a vital role in the health of the offspring. Methyl donor nutrients, including folate, vitamin B12, choline, betaine, and methionine, directly affect DNA methylation and are closely associated with the health of the offspring. As an important part of epigenetics, DNA methylation plays an important role in the maintenance of normal cellular function, gene expression regulation, and embryonic development. Recent studies have shown that maternal nutrition may have a long-lasting effect on the health of the offspring via the changes in genomic DNA and/or methylation level in the promoter region in specific genes. Therefore, this review article focuses on the effect of maternal intake of methyl donor nutrients during pregnancy on DNA methylation, in order to explore the effect of the changed methylation status on the health of the offspring at the molecular level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Meng Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University/Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | | |
Collapse
|
74
|
Buzatto AZ, de Oliveira Silva M, Poppi RJ, Simionato AVC. Assessment of nucleosides as putative tumor biomarkers in prostate cancer screening by CE–UV. Anal Bioanal Chem 2017; 409:3289-3297. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-017-0297-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Revised: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
75
|
Dogan S, Cilic A, Marjanovic D, Kurtovic-Kozaric A. Detection of cytosine and CpG density in proto-oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes in promoter sequences of acute myeloid leukemia. NUCLEOSIDES NUCLEOTIDES & NUCLEIC ACIDS 2017; 36:302-316. [PMID: 28323522 DOI: 10.1080/15257770.2017.1279738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Aberrant methylation is one of the driving forces of cancer genome development. Although the rate of methylation appears massively variable across the genome, it is mainly observed in histone modification, chromatin organization, DNA accessibility, or promoter sequence. Methylation of promoter sequence occurs mostly to cytosine nucleotides, which can affect transcription factors' binding affinities. In this study, we demonstrated that cytosine repeats (C types density), consisting of CC, CCC, CCCC, CCCCC, CCCCCC, CCCCCCC motifs and CpG islands density in 25 proto-oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes and control genes may play a role in the pathogenesis of acute myeloid leukemia. The promoter sequences were divided into a 100 nucleotide window from -500 to +100 nucleotides and 20 nucleotide window from -100 to +100. Each window is analyzed to find the higher C type and CpG islands density, which may cause the increased methylation in the promoter sequence. Our novel findings show that promoter sequence cytosine repeats and CpG density increase closer to transcription sites, especially just before and after the transcription start site (TSS). The results demonstrate that cytosine density increases while proto-oncogenes and TSG promoter sequences are closer to TSS 50.8% and 41.0% respectively, if (-500 to -200) and (-100 to +100) windows of the nucleotide sequences are compared. This proves that around TSS location has special nucleotide motifs and could be an important implication for our understanding of potential methylating locations in promoters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Senol Dogan
- a Department of Genetics and Bioengineering , International Burch University , Sarajevo , Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Anis Cilic
- a Department of Genetics and Bioengineering , International Burch University , Sarajevo , Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Damir Marjanovic
- a Department of Genetics and Bioengineering , International Burch University , Sarajevo , Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Amina Kurtovic-Kozaric
- a Department of Genetics and Bioengineering , International Burch University , Sarajevo , Bosnia and Herzegovina
| |
Collapse
|
76
|
Ampofo E, Schmitt BM, Menger MD, Laschke MW. The regulatory mechanisms of NG2/CSPG4 expression. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2017; 22:4. [PMID: 28536635 PMCID: PMC5415841 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-017-0035-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuron-glial antigen 2 (NG2), also known as chondroitin sulphate proteoglycan 4 (CSPG4), is a surface type I transmembrane core proteoglycan that is crucially involved in cell survival, migration and angiogenesis. NG2 is frequently used as a marker for the identification and characterization of certain cell types, but little is known about the mechanisms regulating its expression. In this review, we provide evidence that the regulation of NG2 expression underlies inflammation and hypoxia and is mediated by methyltransferases, transcription factors, including Sp1, paired box (Pax) 3 and Egr-1, and the microRNA miR129-2. These regulatory factors crucially determine NG2-mediated cellular processes such as glial scar formation in the central nervous system (CNS) or tumor growth and metastasis. Therefore, they are potential targets for the establishment of novel NG2-based therapeutic strategies in the treatment of CNS injuries, cancer and other conditions of these types.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Ampofo
- Institute for Clinical & Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Beate M Schmitt
- Institute for Clinical & Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Michael D Menger
- Institute for Clinical & Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Matthias W Laschke
- Institute for Clinical & Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
77
|
Zhang J, Huang K. Pan-cancer analysis of frequent DNA co-methylation patterns reveals consistent epigenetic landscape changes in multiple cancers. BMC Genomics 2017; 18:1045. [PMID: 28198667 PMCID: PMC5310283 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-016-3259-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background DNA methylation is the major form of epigenetic modifications through which the cell regulates the gene expression and silencing. There have been extensive studies on the roles of DNA methylation in cancers, and several cancer drugs were developed targeting this process. However, DNA co-methylation cluster has not been examined in depth, and co-methylation in multiple cancer types has never been studied previously. Results In this study, we applied newly developed lmQCM algorithm to mine co-methylation clusters using methylome data from 11 cancer types in TCGA database, and found frequent co-methylated gene clusters exist in these cancer types. Among the four identified frequent clusters, two of them separate the tumor sample from normal sample in 10 out of 11 cancer types, which indicates that consistent epigenetic landscape changes exist in multiple cancer types. Conclusion This discovery provides new insight on the epigenetic regulation in cancers and leads to potential new direction for epigenetic biomarker and cancer drug discovery. We also found that genes commonly believed to be silenced via hypermethylation in cancers may still display highly variable methylation levels among cancer cells, and should be considered while using them as epigenetic biomarkers. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-016-3259-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Kun Huang
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
78
|
Kejík Z, Kaplánek R, Havlík M, Bříza T, Jakubek M, Králová J, Mikula I, Martásek P, Král V. Optical probes and sensors as perspective tools in epigenetics. Bioorg Med Chem 2017; 25:2295-2306. [PMID: 28285925 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2017.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Revised: 12/13/2016] [Accepted: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Modifications of DNA cytosine bases and histone posttranslational modifications play key roles in the control of gene expression and specification of cell states. Such modifications affect many important biological processes and changes to these important regulation mechanisms can initiate or significantly contribute to the development of many serious pathological states. Therefore, recognition and determination of chromatin modifications is an important goal in basic and clinical research. Two of the most promising tools for this purpose are optical probes and sensors, especially colourimetric and fluorescence devices. The use of optical probes and sensors is simple, without highly expensive instrumentation, and with excellent sensitivity and specificity for target structural motifs. Accordingly, the application of various probes and sensors in the recognition and determination of cytosine modifications and structure of histones and histone posttranslational modifications, are discussed in detail in this review.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zdeněk Kejík
- First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Kateřinská 32, 121 08 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Robert Kaplánek
- First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Kateřinská 32, 121 08 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Havlík
- First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Kateřinská 32, 121 08 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Bříza
- First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Kateřinská 32, 121 08 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Milan Jakubek
- First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Kateřinská 32, 121 08 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Jarmila Králová
- First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Kateřinská 32, 121 08 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Ivan Mikula
- First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Kateřinská 32, 121 08 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Martásek
- First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Kateřinská 32, 121 08 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimír Král
- First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Kateřinská 32, 121 08 Prague 2, Czech Republic.
| |
Collapse
|
79
|
Gao G, Wang H, Zhao X, Li Q, Wang C, Li J, Zhang K, Zhong H, Wang Q. Effect of Feeding Conditions on the Methylation Status of Fatp1 Gene in Chicken Breast Muscle. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF POULTRY SCIENCE 2017. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-9061-2016-0367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G Gao
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Science, P. R. China
| | - H Wang
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Science, P. R. China
| | - X Zhao
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Science, P. R. China
| | - Q Li
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Science, P. R. China
| | - C Wang
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Science, P. R. China
| | - J Li
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Science, P. R. China
| | - K Zhang
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Science, P. R. China
| | - H Zhong
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Science, P. R. China
| | - Q Wang
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Science, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
80
|
The Immune System in Cancer Pathogenesis: Potential Therapeutic Approaches. J Immunol Res 2016; 2016:4273943. [PMID: 28116316 PMCID: PMC5220497 DOI: 10.1155/2016/4273943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 10/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Interplay among immune activation and cancer pathogenesis provides the framework for a novel subspecialty known as immunooncology. In the rapidly evolving field of immunooncology, understanding the tumor-specific immune response enhances understanding of cancer resistance. This review highlights the fundamentals of incorporating precision medicine to discover new immune biomarkers and predictive signatures. Using a personalized approach may have a significant, positive impact on the use of oncolytics to better guide safer and more effective therapies.
Collapse
|
81
|
Pilehchian Langroudi M, Nikbakhsh N, Samadani AA, Fattahi S, Taheri H, Shafaei S, Amirbozorgi G, Pilehchian Langroudi R, Akhavan-Niaki H. FAT4 hypermethylation and grade dependent downregulation in gastric adenocarcinoma. J Cell Commun Signal 2016; 11:69-75. [PMID: 27696226 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-016-0355-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 09/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is one of the major causes of death due to cancer in the world. It is a multi-factorial disease with epigenetic factors being also involved in its development. FAT4 is a tumor suppressor gene exerting an important role in cell adhesion. This study aimed at analyzing FAT4 expression and promoter methylation in gastric cancer. FAT4 expression was studied in 30 tumoral tissues and their non-tumoral counterparts using Taqman real time PCR method. Promoter methylation was assessed using bisulfite conversion method followed by sequencing. Tumor tissues showed reduced FAT4 expression (P = 0.04). FAT4 downregulation was associated with tumor grade, with higher repression at advanced grades. Significant increase of promoter methylation was observed in tumoral tissues. Reduced expression of FAT4 and increased methylation of its promoter may be one of the effective processes in turning a healthy stomach tissue into a tumor tissue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Pilehchian Langroudi
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.,Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Novin Nikbakhsh
- Department of Surgery, Rouhani hospital, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Ali Akbar Samadani
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Sadegh Fattahi
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Hassan Taheri
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rouhani hospital, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Shahryar Shafaei
- Department of Pathology, Rouhani hospital, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | | | - Reza Pilehchian Langroudi
- Department of Anaerobic Vaccine Research and Production, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
| | - Haleh Akhavan-Niaki
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran. .,Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
82
|
Dietary Flavones as Dual Inhibitors of DNA Methyltransferases and Histone Methyltransferases. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0162956. [PMID: 27658199 PMCID: PMC5033486 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0162956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Methylation of DNA and histone proteins are mutually involved in the epigenetic regulation of gene expression mediated by DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) and histone methyltransferases (HMTs). DNMTs methylate cytosine residues within gene promoters, whereas HMTs catalyze the transfer of methyl groups to lysine and arginine residues of histone proteins, thus causing chromatin condensation and transcriptional repression, which play an important role in the pathogenesis of cancer. The potential reversibility of epigenetic alterations has encouraged the development of dual pharmacologic inhibitors of DNA and histone methylation as anticancer therapeutics. Dietary flavones can affect epigenetic modifications that accumulate over time and have shown anticancer properties, which are undefined. Through DNA binding and in silico protein-ligand docking studies with plant flavones viz. Apigenin, Chrysin and Luteolin, the effect of flavones on DNA and histone methylation was assessed. Spectroscopic analysis of flavones with calf-thymus DNA revealed intercalation as the dominant binding mode, with specific binding to a GC-rich sequence in the DNA duplex. A virtual screening approach using a model of the catalytic site of DNMT and EZH2 demonstrated that plant flavones are tethered at both ends inside the catalytic pocket of DNMT and EZH2 by means of hydrogen bonding. Epigenetic studies performed with flavones exhibited a decrease in DNMT enzyme activity and a reversal of the hypermethylation of cytosine bases in the DNA and prevented cytosine methylation in the GC-rich promoter sequence incubated with the M.SssI enzyme. Furthermore, a marked decrease in HMT activity and a decrease in EZH2 protein expression and trimethylation of H3K27 were noted in histones isolated from cancer cells treated with plant flavones. Our results suggest that dietary flavones can alter DNMT and HMT activities and the methylation of DNA and histone proteins that regulate epigenetic modifications, thus providing a significant anticancer effect by altering epigenetic processes involved in the development of cancer.
Collapse
|
83
|
Choi B, Han TS, Min J, Hur K, Lee SM, Lee HJ, Kim YJ, Yang HK. MAL and TMEM220 are novel DNA methylation markers in human gastric cancer. Biomarkers 2016; 22:35-44. [DOI: 10.1080/1354750x.2016.1201542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
|
84
|
Alkebsi L, Handa H, Yokohama A, Saitoh T, Tsukamoto N, Murakami H. Chromosome 16q genes CDH1, CDH13 and ADAMTS18 are correlated and frequently methylated in human lymphoma. Oncol Lett 2016; 12:3523-3530. [PMID: 27900031 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.5116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2015] [Accepted: 08/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The products of the E-cadherin (CDH1), H-cadherin (CDH13) and a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motif 18 (ADAMTS18) genes are proteins displaying structural features and functions on the cell surface membrane, and have been reported to be involved in cancer progression. Using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and methylation-specific PCR (MSP) analysis, the promoter methylation status and messenger RNA (mRNA) expression levels of CDH1, CDH13 and ADAMTS18, which are putative tumor-suppressor genes located on chromosome 16q, were evaluated. In addition, the mRNA expression levels of DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) 1, 3A and 3B were examined, and the correlations among the different parameters analyzed were studied in 36 lymphomas and 16 non-malignant lymphoid tissue samples. A significant positive correlation was identified between the expression levels of CDH1 and CDH13 (r=0.735, P<0.01). ADAMTS18 expression also exhibited a significant positive correlation with both CDH1 and CDH13 mRNA expression levels (r=0.625, P<0.01; and r=0.720, P<0.01, respectively). Our results indicated that CDH1, CDH13 and ADAMTS18, which are localized on chromosome 16q, are remarkably correlated and frequently methylated in human lymphomas, and their methylation could not be explained solely by the mRNA expression level of DNMTs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lobna Alkebsi
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Gunma University, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Handa
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University Hospital, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
| | - Akihiko Yokohama
- Blood Transfusion Service, Gunma University Hospital, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
| | - Takayuki Saitoh
- Oncology Center, Gunma University Hospital, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
| | | | - Hirokazu Murakami
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Gunma University, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
85
|
Wei B, Yang S, Zhang B, Feng Y. Clinicopathological significance of p15 promoter hypermethylation in multiple myeloma: a meta-analysis. Onco Targets Ther 2016; 9:4015-22. [PMID: 27445492 PMCID: PMC4936815 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s102733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Published studies reported that loss of function of the p15INK4B gene is caused by hypermethylation; however, whether or not the inactivation is associated with the incidence and clinical significance of multiple myeloma (MM) remains unclear. In this study, we performed a meta-analysis to quantitatively determine the effects of p15 hypermethylation on the incidence of MM. The related research articles in English and Chinese languages were evaluated. The data were extracted and assessed independently. The pooled data were analyzed and odds ratios were calculated and summarized. Sixteen eligible studies were selected for final analysis. We demonstrated that p15 hypermethylation is significantly higher in MM than that in normal bone marrow, as well as monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance. However, aberrant p15 hypermethylation was not significantly higher in advanced MM than that in early-stage MM. The results of this study reveal that p15 hypermethylation is correlated with an increased risk in the progression of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance to MM. p15 hypermethylation, which induces the loss of function of the p15 gene, plays a critical role in the early tumorigenesis of MM and serves as a reputable diagnostic marker and potential drug target.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bing Wei
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuhua Yang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Feng
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
86
|
Xin J, Xu R, Lin S, Xin M, Cai W, Zhou J, Fu C, Zhen G, Lai J, Li Y, Zhang P. Clinical potential of TCF21 methylation in the diagnosis of renal cell carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2016; 12:1265-1270. [PMID: 27446425 PMCID: PMC4950740 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.4748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2015] [Accepted: 02/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the clinical potential of transcription factor (TCF) 21 methylation in the diagnosis of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). TCF21 methylation levels were quantified in renal tissues (55 cases of RCC tissue and 22 cases of normal tissue) and urine samples (33 cases of urine samples with RCC and 15 cases of normal urine samples) using pyrosequencing. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient was used to investigate the correlation between TCF21 methylation levels and clinical parameters (gender, age, smoking history, Fuhrman grade and clinical stage). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was utilized to evaluate the accuracy of predictive diagnosis of RCC. TCF21 methylation levels were significantly increased in RCC samples compared with normal renal tissues and urine samples. The Spearman's correlation analysis revealed that the TCF21 methylation level was positively associated with age (P=0.002), smoking (P=0.017) and Fuhrman grade (P=0.045) in RCC tissues and was positively associated with tumor size (P<0.001), Fuhrman grade (P=0.017) and clinical stage (P=0.017) in urine samples. ROC curves revealed that the cut-off value, sensitivity and specificity were 23.61, 89.00 and 61.90%, respectively in tissue samples, and 26.84, 79 and 100%, respectively in urine samples. Furthermore, there were significant differences in the area under the curve between the tissue and urine samples (P=0.004). The results of the present study indicate that TCF21 may be used as a biomarker for diagnosing RCC, and TCF21 methylation levels in urine samples may be a useful means of diagnosing RCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Xin
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of Quanzhou Affiliated Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, P.R. China
| | - Rong Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, Quanzhou Medical College, Quanzhou, Fujian 362011, P.R. China
| | - Shaokun Lin
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of Quanzhou Affiliated Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, P.R. China
| | - Minghua Xin
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of Quanzhou Affiliated Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, P.R. China
| | - Wenjie Cai
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of Quanzhou Affiliated Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, P.R. China
| | - Jin Zhou
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of Quanzhou Affiliated Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, P.R. China
| | - Changde Fu
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of Quanzhou Affiliated Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, P.R. China
| | - Guangfu Zhen
- Department of Urology, General Hospital of the People's Liberation Army, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Jinjin Lai
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of Quanzhou Affiliated Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, P.R. China
| | - Yue Li
- Xiamen Xinchuang Bio-Technology Co. Ltd, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, P.R. China
| | - Pengfeng Zhang
- Xiamen Xinchuang Bio-Technology Co. Ltd, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
87
|
Epigenetic changes of CDX2 in gastric adenocarcinoma. J Cell Commun Signal 2016; 10:267-272. [PMID: 27139434 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-016-0327-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is one of the most commonplace and lethal cancers in the world. Molecular investigation of this disease, in order to obtain diagnostic and treatments achievements is important and vital. Relatively, in this research study, one of the most important epigenetic factors, the methylation of CDX2 gene was investigated in tumoral and non-tumoral tissues of gastric cancer patients by bisulfite treatment followed by sequencing of the 5'UTR region of CDX2 in both tissues. The results indicated a hypomethylation in tumoral tissues of adenocarcinoma. Consequently, the methylation amount of CDX2 in tumoral tissues was significantly reduced compared with non-tumoral tissues.
Collapse
|
88
|
Santos GC, da Silva APA, Feldman L, Ventura GM, Vassetzky Y, de Moura Gallo CV. Epigenetic modifications, chromatin distribution and TP53 transcription in a model of breast cancer progression. J Cell Biochem 2016; 116:533-41. [PMID: 25358520 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.25003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2014] [Accepted: 10/24/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In the present paper we aimed to characterize epigenetic aspects and analyze TP53 transcription in the 21 T series, composed of breast cell lines: non-cancerous H16N2; Atypical Ductal Hyperplasia 21PT; Ductal Carcinoma in situ 21NT and Invasive Metastatic Carcinoma 21MT1. We detected a global genomic hypomethylation in 21NT and 21MT1. The histone modification markers analysis showed an important global decrease of the active chromatin mark H4Ac in 21MT1 relative to the other cell lines while the repressive mark H3K9Me3 were not significantly altered. The mRNA levels of DNA methylation and histone modification key enzymes are consistent with the observed genomic hypomethylation and histone hypoacetylation. The expression of DNMT3A/B increased at the initial stages of oncogenesis and the expression of DNMT1 and HAT1 decreased at the advanced stages of breast cancer. Using a confocal immunofluorescent assay, we observed that H4Ac was mostly located at the periphery and the repressive mark H3K9Me3, at the center of 21NT and 21MT1 cells nuclei. TP53 P1 promoter was found to be in an open chromatin state, with a relatively high enrichment of H4Ac and similar TP53 transcription levels in all 21 T cell lines. In conclusion, we observed epigenetic alterations (global genome hypomethylation, global hypoacetylation and accumulation of pericentric heterochromatin) in metastatic breast cancer cells of the 21 T series. These alterations may act at later stages of breast cancer progression and may not affect TP53 transcription at the P1 promoter.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gilson C Santos
- Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 20550-013, Brazil; Université Paris-Sud 11 CNRS UMR 8126 «Signalisation, Noyaux et Innovations en Cancérologie», Institut de Cancérologie Gustave-Roussy, Université Paris-Sud 11, F-94805, Villejuif Cedex, France
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
89
|
Gonçalves AC, Alves R, Baldeiras I, Cortesão E, Carda JP, Branco CC, Oliveiros B, Loureiro L, Pereira A, Nascimento Costa JM, Sarmento-Ribeiro AB, Mota-Vieira L. Genetic variants involved in oxidative stress, base excision repair, DNA methylation, and folate metabolism pathways influence myeloid neoplasias susceptibility and prognosis. Mol Carcinog 2016; 56:130-148. [PMID: 26950655 DOI: 10.1002/mc.22478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2015] [Revised: 01/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) share common features: elevated oxidative stress, DNA repair deficiency, and aberrant DNA methylation. We performed a hospital-based case-control study to evaluate the association in variants of genes involved in oxidative stress, folate metabolism, DNA repair, and DNA methylation with susceptibility and prognosis of these malignancies. To that end, 16 SNPs (one per gene: CAT, CYBA, DNMT1, DNMT3A, DNMT3B, GPX1, KEAP1, MPO, MTRR, NEIL1, NFE2F2, OGG1, SLC19A1, SOD1, SOD2, and XRCC1) were genotyped in 191 patients (101 MDS and 90 AML) and 261 controls. We also measured oxidative stress (reactive oxygen species/total antioxidant status ratio), DNA damage (8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine), and DNA methylation (5-methylcytosine) in 50 subjects (40 MDS and 10 controls). Results showed that five genes (GPX1, NEIL1, NFE2L2, OGG1, and SOD2) were associated with MDS, two (DNMT3B and SLC19A1) with AML, and two (CYBA and DNMT1) with both diseases. We observed a correlation of CYBA TT, GPX1 TT, and SOD2 CC genotypes with increased oxidative stress levels, as well as NEIL1 TT and OGG1 GG genotypes with higher DNA damage. The 5-methylcytosine levels were negatively associated with DNMT1 CC, DNMT3A CC, and MTRR AA genotypes, and positively with DNMT3B CC genotype. Furthermore, DNMT3A, MTRR, NEIL1, and OGG1 variants modulated AML transformation in MDS patients. Additionally, DNMT3A, OGG1, GPX1, and KEAP1 variants influenced survival of MDS and AML patients. Altogether, data suggest that genetic variability influence predisposition and prognosis of MDS and AML patients, as well AML transformation rate in MDS patients. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Cristina Gonçalves
- Laboratory of Oncobiology and Hematology (LOH) and University Clinic of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra-FMUC, Coimbra, Portugal.,Center of Investigation in Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), FMUC, Coimbra, Portugal.,Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology and Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences (CNC.IBILI), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Raquel Alves
- Laboratory of Oncobiology and Hematology (LOH) and University Clinic of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra-FMUC, Coimbra, Portugal.,Center of Investigation in Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), FMUC, Coimbra, Portugal.,Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology and Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences (CNC.IBILI), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Inês Baldeiras
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology and Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences (CNC.IBILI), Coimbra, Portugal.,Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurochemistry, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra-FMUC, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Emília Cortesão
- Laboratory of Oncobiology and Hematology (LOH) and University Clinic of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra-FMUC, Coimbra, Portugal.,Center of Investigation in Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), FMUC, Coimbra, Portugal.,Clinical Hematology Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, EPE (CHUC, EPE), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - José Pedro Carda
- Laboratory of Oncobiology and Hematology (LOH) and University Clinic of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra-FMUC, Coimbra, Portugal.,Clinical Hematology Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, EPE (CHUC, EPE), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Claudia C Branco
- Molecular Genetics and Pathology Unit, Hospital of Divino Espírito Santo of Ponta Delgada, EPE, Ponta Delgada, São Miguel Island, Azores, Portugal.,Azores Genetics Research Group, Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal.,Faculty of Sciences, BioISI-Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, University of Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Bárbara Oliveiros
- Laboratory for Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, FMUC, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Luísa Loureiro
- Department of Medicine, Hospital Distrital da Figueira da Foz, EPE (HDFF, EPE), Figueira da Foz, Portugal
| | - Amélia Pereira
- Center of Investigation in Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), FMUC, Coimbra, Portugal.,Department of Medicine, Hospital Distrital da Figueira da Foz, EPE (HDFF, EPE), Figueira da Foz, Portugal
| | - José Manuel Nascimento Costa
- Department of Oncology, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, EPE (CHUC, EPE), Coimbra, Portugal.,Faculty of Medicine, University Clinic of Oncology, University of Coimbra-FMUC, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Bela Sarmento-Ribeiro
- Laboratory of Oncobiology and Hematology (LOH) and University Clinic of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra-FMUC, Coimbra, Portugal.,Center of Investigation in Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), FMUC, Coimbra, Portugal.,Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology and Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences (CNC.IBILI), Coimbra, Portugal.,Clinical Hematology Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, EPE (CHUC, EPE), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Luisa Mota-Vieira
- Molecular Genetics and Pathology Unit, Hospital of Divino Espírito Santo of Ponta Delgada, EPE, Ponta Delgada, São Miguel Island, Azores, Portugal.,Azores Genetics Research Group, Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal.,Faculty of Sciences, BioISI-Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, University of Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
90
|
Khan S, Shukla S, Sinha S, Meeran SM. Epigenetic targets in cancer and aging: dietary and therapeutic interventions. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2016; 20:689-703. [PMID: 26667209 DOI: 10.1517/14728222.2016.1132702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Epigenetic regulation plays a critical role in normal growth and embryonic development by controlling the transcriptional activities of several genes. A growing number of epigenetic changes have been reported in the regulation of key genes involved in cancer and aging. Drugs with epigenetic modulatory activities, mainly histone deacetylase and DNA methyltransferase inhibitors, have received wider attention in aging and cancer research. AREAS COVERED In this review, we summarize the major epigenetic alterations in cancer and aging, with special emphasis on possible therapeutic targets and interventions by dietary as well as bioactive phytochemicals. EXPERT OPINION Some epigenetic-targeting drugs have received FDA approval and many others are undergoing different phases of clinical trials for cancer therapy. In addition to the synthetic compounds, several bioactive phytochemicals and dietary interventions, such as caloric restriction, have been shown to possess epigenetic modulatory activities in multiple cancers. These epigenetic modulators have been shown to delay aging and minimize the risk of cancer both in preclinical as well as clinical models. Therefore, knowledge of bioactive phytochemicals along with dietary interventions can be utilized for cancer prevention and therapy both alone and with existing drugs to achieve optimum efficacy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sajid Khan
- a Division of Endocrinology , CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute , Lucknow , India
| | - Samriddhi Shukla
- a Division of Endocrinology , CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute , Lucknow , India
| | - Sonam Sinha
- a Division of Endocrinology , CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute , Lucknow , India
| | - Syed Musthapa Meeran
- a Division of Endocrinology , CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute , Lucknow , India
| |
Collapse
|
91
|
Qasim BJ, Al-Wasiti EA, Azzal HS. Association of global DNA hypomethylation with clinicopathological variables in colonic tumors of Iraqi patients. Saudi J Gastroenterol 2016; 22:139-47. [PMID: 26997221 PMCID: PMC4817298 DOI: 10.4103/1319-3767.178525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks sixth among the most common 10 cancers in Iraq. It is a foremost public health dilemma and there is improved interest in understanding the fundamental principles of its molecular biology. DNA methylation in cancer has become the issue of passionate investigation. As compared with normal cells, the malignant cells show major disruptions in their DNA methylation patterns. We aimed to assess the association of global DNA hypomethylation in colonic adenomas and carcinomas of Iraqi patients, measured by immunohistochemistry of 5-methylcytosin, with different clinicopathological variables. PATIENTS AND METHODS Thirty tissue paraffin blocks from patients with colorectal adenomas, 30 tissue paraffin blocks from patients with colorectal adenocarcinomas, and 30 samples of apparently normal colonic tissue taken from autopsy cases as a control group were included in the present study. From each block, two sections of 5 μm thickness were taken, one section was stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin for revision of histopathological diagnosis and one section was immunohistochemically stained for 5-methylcytosine (5mC) and digitally analyzed by AperioImageScope software. RESULTS The mean digital value of 5mC immunohistochemical expression was sequentially decreased during neoplastic progression from normal colonic tissue into adenoma and then to carcinoma. The mean digital value of 5mC expression was significantly lower in large size adenomas (≥1 cm), and those with severe dysplasia. Concerning carcinoma cases, 5mC expression was significantly lower in stage C2. CONCLUSIONS The immunohistochemical evaluation of 5mC yields refined information on colorectal tumor biology in adenoma and carcinoma. Global DNA hypomethylation reflected by low immunohistochemical expression of 5-mC is associated with advanced colorectal adenomatous polyps suggesting that it is an early event in colorectal carcinogenesis. Also this hypomethylation can reflect bad prognosis of patients with colorectal cancer by its correlation to higher tumor stage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ban J. Qasim
- Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, College of Medicine, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq,Address for correspondence: Dr. Ban J. Qasim, Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, College of Medicine, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq. E-mail:
| | - Estabraq A. Al-Wasiti
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Hayder S. Azzal
- Department of Chemistry, Chemist in the Ministry of Health, Baghdad, Iraq
| |
Collapse
|
92
|
An N, Yang X, Cheng S, Wang G, Zhang K. Developmental genes significantly afflicted by aberrant promoter methylation and somatic mutation predict overall survival of late-stage colorectal cancer. Sci Rep 2015; 5:18616. [PMID: 26691761 PMCID: PMC4686889 DOI: 10.1038/srep18616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2015] [Accepted: 11/19/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Carcinogenesis is an exceedingly complicated process, which involves multi-level dysregulations, including genomics (majorly caused by somatic mutation and copy number variation), DNA methylomics, and transcriptomics. Therefore, only looking into one molecular level of cancer is not sufficient to uncover the intricate underlying mechanisms. With the abundant resources of public available data in the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, an integrative strategy was conducted to systematically analyze the aberrant patterns of colorectal cancer on the basis of DNA copy number, promoter methylation, somatic mutation and gene expression. In this study, paired samples in each genomic level were retrieved to identify differentially expressed genes with corresponding genetic or epigenetic dysregulations. Notably, the result of gene ontology enrichment analysis indicated that the differentially expressed genes with corresponding aberrant promoter methylation or somatic mutation were both functionally concentrated upon developmental process, suggesting the intimate association between development and carcinogenesis. Thus, by means of random walk with restart, 37 significant development-related genes were retrieved from a priori-knowledge based biological network. In five independent microarray datasets, Kaplan-Meier survival and Cox regression analyses both confirmed that the expression of these genes was significantly associated with overall survival of Stage III/IV colorectal cancer patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ning An
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, Peking Union Medical College & Cancer Institute (Hospital), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Xue Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, Peking Union Medical College & Cancer Institute (Hospital), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Shujun Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, Peking Union Medical College & Cancer Institute (Hospital), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Guiqi Wang
- Department of Endoscopy, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Kaitai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, Peking Union Medical College & Cancer Institute (Hospital), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100021, China
| |
Collapse
|
93
|
Govindarajah V, Leung YK, Ying J, Gear R, Bornschein RL, Medvedovic M, Ho SM. In utero exposure of rats to high-fat diets perturbs gene expression profiles and cancer susceptibility of prepubertal mammary glands. J Nutr Biochem 2015; 29:73-82. [PMID: 26895667 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2015.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2015] [Revised: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 11/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Human studies suggest that high-fat diets (HFDs) increase the risk of breast cancer. The 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-induced mammary carcinogenesis rat model is commonly used to evaluate the effects of lifestyle factors such as HFD on mammary tumor risk. Past studies focused primarily on the effects of continuous maternal exposure on the risk of offspring at the end of puberty (PND50). We assessed the effects of prenatal HFD exposure on cancer susceptibility in prepubertal mammary glands and identified key gene networks associated with such disruption. During pregnancy, dams were fed AIN-93G-based diets with isocaloric high olive oil, butterfat or safflower oil. The control group received AIN-93G. Female offspring were treated with DMBA on PND21. However, a significant increase in tumor volume and a trend of shortened tumor latency were observed in rats with HFD exposure against the controls (P=.048 and P=.067, respectively). Large-volume tumors harbored carcinoma in situ. Transcriptome profiling identified 43 differentially expressed genes in the mammary glands of the HFBUTTER group as compared with control. Rapid hormone signaling was the most dysregulated pathway. The diet also induced aberrant expression of Dnmt3a, Mbd1 and Mbd3, consistent with potential epigenetic disruption. Collectively, these findings provide the first evidence supporting susceptibility of prepubertal mammary glands to DMBA-induced tumorigenesis that can be modulated by dietary fat that involves aberrant gene expression and likely epigenetic dysregulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vinothini Govindarajah
- Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Yuet-Kin Leung
- Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio.,Center of Environmental Genetics, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio.,Department of Pharmacology and Cell Biophysics Pharmacology, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Jun Ying
- Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Robin Gear
- Department of Pharmacology and Cell Biophysics Pharmacology, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Robert L Bornschein
- Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Mario Medvedovic
- Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Shuk-Mei Ho
- Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio.,Center of Environmental Genetics, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio.,Cincinnati Cancer Center, Cincinnati, Ohio.,Cincinnati Veteran Affairs Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| |
Collapse
|
94
|
Chalertpet K, Pakdeechaidan W, Patel V, Mutirangura A, Yanatatsaneejit P. Human papillomavirus type 16 E7 oncoprotein mediates CCNA1 promoter methylation. Cancer Sci 2015; 106:1333-40. [PMID: 26250467 PMCID: PMC4638020 DOI: 10.1111/cas.12761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2015] [Revised: 07/27/2015] [Accepted: 07/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) oncoproteins drive distinctive promoter methylation patterns in cancer. However, the underlying mechanism remains to be elucidated. Cyclin A1 (CCNA1) promoter methylation is strongly associated with HPV-associated cancer. CCNA1 methylation is found in HPV-associated cervical cancers, as well as in head and neck squamous cell cancer. Numerous pieces of evidence suggest that E7 may drive CCNA1 methylation. First, the CCNA1 promoter is methylated in HPV-positive epithelial lesions after transformation. Second, the CCNA1 promoter is methylated at a high level when HPV is integrated into the human genome. Finally, E7 has been shown to interact with DNA methyltransferase 1 (Dnmt1). Here, we sought to determine the mechanism by which E7 increases methylation in cervical cancer by using CCNA1 as a gene model. We investigated whether E7 induces CCNA1 promoter methylation, resulting in the loss of expression. Using both E7 knockdown and overexpression approaches in SiHa and C33a cells, our data showed that CCNA1 promoter methylation decreases with a corresponding increase in expression in E7 siRNA-transfected cells. By contrast, CCNA1 promoter methylation was augmented with a corresponding reduction in expression in E7-overexpressing cells. To confirm whether the binding of the E7-Dnmt1 complex to the CCNA1 promoter induced methylation and loss of expression, ChIP assays were carried out in E7-, del CR3-E7 and vector control-overexpressing C33a cells. The data showed that E7 induced CCNA1 methylation by forming a complex with Dnmt1 at the CCNA1 promoter, resulting in the subsequent reduction of expression in cancers. It is interesting to further explore the genome-wide mechanism of E7 oncoprotein-mediated DNA methylation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kanwalat Chalertpet
- Human Genetics Research Group, Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn UniversityBangkok, Thailand
| | - Watcharapong Pakdeechaidan
- Human Genetics Research Group, Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn UniversityBangkok, Thailand
| | - Vyomesh Patel
- Cancer Research Initiatives Foundation, Sime Darby Medical CentreSubang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Apiwat Mutirangura
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Genetics of Cancer and Human Diseases, Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn UniversityBangkok, Thailand
| | - Pattamawadee Yanatatsaneejit
- Human Genetics Research Group, Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn UniversityBangkok, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Genetics of Cancer and Human Diseases, Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn UniversityBangkok, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
95
|
Khan MA, Hussain A, Sundaram MK, Alalami U, Gunasekera D, Ramesh L, Hamza A, Quraishi U. (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate reverses the expression of various tumor-suppressor genes by inhibiting DNA methyltransferases and histone deacetylases in human cervical cancer cells. Oncol Rep 2015; 33:1976-84. [PMID: 25682960 DOI: 10.3892/or.2015.3802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2014] [Accepted: 01/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
There has been increasing evidence that numerous bioactive dietary agents can hamper the process of carcinogenesis by targeting epigenetic alterations including DNA methylation. This therapeutic approach is considered as a significant goal for cancer therapy due to the reversible nature of epigenetic-mediated gene silencing and warrants further attention. One such dietary agent, green tea catechin, (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) has been shown to modulate many cancer-related pathways. Thus, the present study was designed to investigate the role of EGCG as an epigenetic modifier in HeLa cells. DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) and histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibition assays were conducted, and the transcription levels of DNMT3B and HDAC1 were assessed by enzymatic activity assay and RT-PCR, respectively. Furthermore, we studied the binding interaction of EGCG with DNMT3B and HDAC1 by molecular modeling as well as promoter DNA methylation and expression of retinoic acid receptor-β (RARβ), cadherin 1 (CDH1) and death-associated protein kinase-1 (DAPK1) in EGCG-treated HeLa cells by RT-PCR and MS-PCR. In the present study, time-dependent EGCG-treated HeLa cells were found to have a significant reduction in the enzymatic activity of DNMT and HDAC. However, the expression of DNMT3B was significantly decreased in a time-dependent manner whereas there was no significant change in HDAC1 expression. Molecular modeling data also supported the EGCG-mediated DNMT3B and HDAC1 activity inhibition. Furthermore, time-dependent exposure to EGCG resulted in reactivation of known tumor-suppressor genes (TSGs) in HeLa cells due to marked changes in the methylation of the promoter regions of these genes. Overall, the present study suggests that EGCG may have a significant impact on the development of novel epigenetic-based therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Munawwar Ali Khan
- Department of Natural Science and Public Health, College of Sustainability Sciences and Humanities, Zayed University, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Arif Hussain
- School of Life Sciences, Manipal University, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Usama Alalami
- Department of Natural Science and Public Health, College of Sustainability Sciences and Humanities, Zayed University, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Dian Gunasekera
- School of Life Sciences, Manipal University, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Laveena Ramesh
- School of Life Sciences, Manipal University, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Amina Hamza
- School of Life Sciences, Manipal University, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Uzma Quraishi
- School of Life Sciences, Manipal University, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| |
Collapse
|
96
|
Zhong K, Chen W, Xiao N, Zhao J. The clinicopathological significance and potential drug target of E-cadherin in NSCLC. Tumour Biol 2015; 36:6139-48. [PMID: 25758052 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-3298-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2014] [Accepted: 03/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Human epithelial cadherin (E-cadherin), a member of transmembrane glycoprotein family, encoded by the E-cadherin gene, plays a key role in cell-cell adhesion, adherent junction in normal epithelial tissues, contributing to tissue differentiation and homeostasis. Although previous studies indicated that inactivation of the E-cadherin is mainly induced by hypermethylation of E-cadherin gene, evidence concerning E-cadherin hypermethylation in the carcinogenesis and development of non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) remains controversial. In this study, we conducted a meta-analysis to quantitatively evaluate the effects of E-cadherin hypermethylation on the incidence and clinicopathological characteristics of NSCLC. A comprehensive search of PubMed and Embase databases was performed up to October 2014. Analyses of pooled data were performed. Odds ratios (ORs) were calculated and summarized. Our meta-analysis combining 18 published articles demonstrated that the hypermethylation frequencies in NSCLC were significantly higher than those in normal control tissues, OR = 3.55, 95 % confidence interval (CI) = 1.98-6.36, p < 0.0001. Further analysis showed that E-cadherin hypermethylation was not strongly associated with the sex or smoking status in NSCLC patients. In addition, E-cadherin hypermethylation was also not strongly associated with pathological types, differentiated status, clinical stages, or metastatic status in NSCLC patients. The results from the current study indicate that the hypermethylation frequency of E-cadherin in NSCLC is strongly associated with NSCLC incidence and it may be an early event in carcinogenesis of NSCLC. We also discussed the potential value of E-cadherin as a drug target that may bring new direction and hope for cancer treatment through gene-targeted therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaize Zhong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan, 250012, China
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
97
|
Samadani AA, Akhavan-Niaki H. Interaction of sonic hedgehog (SHH) pathway with cancer stem cell genes in gastric cancer. Med Oncol 2015; 32:48. [PMID: 25636508 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-015-0492-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2014] [Accepted: 01/23/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Gastric cancer may appear by frequent genetic or epigenetic changes in oncogenes, tumor suppressor or DNA mismatch repair genes. Molecular studies show the possibility of involvement of certain cancer pathways in gastric cancer. In this respect, DNA methylation is one of the most important epigenetic alterations in gastric cancer and identifying the signaling mechanism and also methylation of some genes that are involved in gastric cancer can help to improve treatment strategies. Relatively, there are many reported methylation alteration of genes in stem cells in all kinds of tumors with some of these genes having a key role in tumor development. Correspondingly, KLF5, CDX1/2, WNT1 and FEM1A are considerable genes in gastric cancer, although many researches and studies have illustrated that sonic hedgehog and expression of its signaling cascade proteins are related in gastric cancer. Relatively, modification in these genes causes many eclectic cancers such as rhabdomyosarcoma and diverse kinds of digestive system tumor development. Conspicuously, these master genes have a noticeable role in stem cell's growth regulation as well as other kinds of cancer such as breast cancer and leukemia. Hence, we concluded that research and studies on methylation and expression of these genes and also the investigation of molecular signaling in gastric cancer can acquire impressive conclusions in order to control and treat this common place and serious problem.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Akbar Samadani
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | | |
Collapse
|
98
|
Shang X, Su J, Wan Q, Su J. CpA/CpG methylation of CiMDA5 possesses tight association with the resistance against GCRV and negatively regulates mRNA expression in grass carp, Ctenopharyngodon idella. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 48:86-94. [PMID: 25260715 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2014.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2014] [Revised: 09/19/2014] [Accepted: 09/19/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (MDA5) plays a crucial role in recognizing intracellular viral infection, activating the interferon regulatory factor pathways as well as inducing antiviral response. While the antiviral regulatory mechanism of MDA5 remains unclear. In the present study, CiMDA5 (Ctenopharyngodon idella MDA5) against grass carp reovirus (GCRV) would be initially revealed from the perspective of DNA methylation, a pivotal epigenetic modification. Two CpG islands (CGIs) were predicted located in the first exon of CiMDA5, of which the first CpG island was 427 bp in length possessed 29 candidate CpG loci and 34 CpA loci, and the second one was 130 bp in length involving 7 CpG loci as well as 10 CpA loci. By bisulfite sequencing PCR (BSP), the methylation statuses were detected in spleen of 70 individuals divided into resistant/susceptible groups post challenge experiment, and the resistance-association analysis was performed with Chi-square test. Quantitative real-time RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) was carried out to explore the relationship between DNA methylation and gene expression in CiMDA5. Results indicated that the methylation levels of CpA/CpG sites at +200, +202, +204, +207 nt, which consisted of a putative densely methylated element (DME), were significantly higher in the susceptible group than those in the resistant group. Meanwhile, the average transcription of CiMDA5 was down-regulated in the susceptible individuals compared with the resistant individuals. Evidently, the DNA methylation may be the negative modulator of CiMDA5 antiviral expression. Collectively, the methylation levels of CiMDA5 demonstrated the tight association with the resistance against GCRV and the negative-regulated roles in mRNA expression. This study first discovered the resistance-associated gene modulated by DNA methylation in teleost, preliminary revealed the underlying regulatory mechanism of CiMDA5 transcription against GCRV as well as laid a theoretical foundation on molecular nosogenesis of hemorrhagic diseases in C. idella.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xueying Shang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Jianguo Su
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Quanyuan Wan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Juanjuan Su
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| |
Collapse
|
99
|
Akhavan-Niaki H, Samadani AA. Molecular insight in gastric cancer induction: an overview of cancer stemness genes. Cell Biochem Biophys 2014; 68:463-73. [PMID: 24078401 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-013-9749-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Gastric cancer is one of the most outgoing human cancers in the world. Two main functional types were described: Intestinal adenocarcinoma and diffuse one. The most important purpose of this review is to analyze and investigate the main genetic factors involved in tumorogenesis of stomach and the molecular mechanism of their expression regulation alongside with the importance of cancer stem cells and their relationship with gastric cancer. It is evident that proper diagnosis of molecular case of cancer may lead to absolute treatment and at least reduction in the disease severity. However, stemness factors such as Sox2, Oct3/4, and Nanog were related with induced pluripotent stem cells, proposing a correlation between these stemness factors and cancer stem cells. Moreover, aberrant induction by Helicobacter pylori of the intestinal-specific homeobox transcription factors, CDX1 and CDX2, also plays an important role in this modification. There are some genes which are directly activated by CDX1 in gastric cancer and distinguished stemness-related reprogramming factors like SALL4 and KLF5. Correspondingly, we also aimed to present the main important epigenetic changes such as DNA methylation, histone modification, and chromatin modeling of stemness genes in disease development. Remarkably, a better understanding of molecular bases of cancer may lead to novel diagnostic, therapeutic, and preventive approaches by some genetic and epigenetic changes such as gene amplifications, gene silencing by DNA methylation, losses of imprinting, LOH, and mutations. Consequently, genome-wide searches of gene expression are widely important for surveying the proper mechanisms of cancer emergence and development. Conspicuously, this review explains an outline of the molecular mechanism and new approaches in gastric cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haleh Akhavan-Niaki
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | | |
Collapse
|
100
|
Henning SM, Wang P, Carpenter CL, Heber D. Epigenetic effects of green tea polyphenols in cancer. Epigenomics 2014; 5:729-41. [PMID: 24283885 DOI: 10.2217/epi.13.57] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenetics describes heritable alterations of gene expression and chromatin organization without changes in DNA sequence. Both hypermethylation and hypomethylation of DNA can affect gene expression and the multistep process of carcinogenesis. Epigenetic changes are reversible and may be targeted by dietary interventions. Bioactive compounds from green tea (GT) such as (-)-epigallocatechin gallate have been shown to alter DNA methyltransferase activity in studies of esophageal, oral, skin, Tregs, lung, breast and prostate cancer cells, which may contribute to the chemopreventive effect of GT. Three out of four mouse model studies have confirmed the inhibitory effect of (-)-epigallocatechin gallate on DNA methylation. A human study demonstrated that decreased methylation of CDX2 and BMP-2 in gastric carcinoma was associated with higher GT consumption. It is the goal of this review to summarize our current knowledge of the potential of GT to alter epigenetic processes, which may be useful in chemoprevention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susanne M Henning
- Center for Human Nutrition, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, 900 Veteran Avenue, Warren Hall 14-166, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|