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Shimomura K, Kishimoto Y. An improved procedure for the quantitative determination and characterization of sulfatides in rat kidney and brain by high-performance liquid chromatography. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1983; 754:93-100. [PMID: 6626570 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2760(83)90085-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
A significant improvement has been made in the desulfation step of our previously published HPLC determination of cerebrosides, sulfatides, and monogalactosyl diacylglycerols (Nonaka, G. and Kishimoto, Y., Biochim. Biophys. Acta 572 (1978) 423-431). Instead of the original two-phase reaction, a solution of trifluoroacetic acid in ethyl acetate is used for the solvolysis in the new method. The revised method was used to determine the levels of cerebrosides and sulfatides in rat kidney. Among four individual glycosphingolipids studied, hydroxysulfatide was present at the highest level (0.7-1.3 nmol/mg of dry tissue), followed by nonhydroxysulfatide (0.3-0.8 nmol/mg of dry tissue). Hydroxycerebroside (0.09-0.16 nmol/mg of dry tissue) and nonhydroxycerebroside (0.03-0.09 nmol/mg of dry tissue) were present in smaller quantities. There appear to be no significant differences between male and female animals of different ages (30-120 days), although the amounts decreased slightly in older animals and there was a higher concentration in female than in male kidney. Tissue size was significantly smaller in females. The homolog composition of rat kidney sulfatide was studied by reverse-phase HPLC, and was found to be significantly different from that reported in human kidney. Rat sulfatides contained fatty acids with a higher degree of saturation and longer chain length. Preliminary studies indicated that rat kidney contained unusually large quantities of C25:1 and C27:1 fatty acids and also that there was more C26:1 than C24:1 acid. In brain of the same animals the ratio of nonhydroxy to hydroxysulfatide decreased with age (1.5:1 in 30-day-old brain; 1:1 at 90 days).
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Andersson B, Dahmén J, Frejd T, Leffler H, Magnusson G, Noori G, Edén CS. Identification of an active disaccharide unit of a glycoconjugate receptor for pneumococci attaching to human pharyngeal epithelial cells. J Exp Med 1983; 158:559-70. [PMID: 6886624 PMCID: PMC2187347 DOI: 10.1084/jem.158.2.559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Glycoconjugates containing the disaccharide unit GlcNAc beta 1 leads to 3Gal beta were suggested as receptors for pneumococci adhering to human pharyngeal epithelial cells. The receptor activity was detected both by inhibition of adhesion by an excess of free oligosaccharide and by induction or increase of adhesion after coating of target cells with glycolipid. Studies with free natural and synthetic oligosaccharides identified the disaccharide GlcNAc beta 1 leads to 3Gal beta as one critical binding site. The specificity of recognition was shown inter alia by the lack of inhibitory activity of GlcNAc beta 1 leads to 4Gal beta, which differs only in the linkage of the two sugars. Specific interference with pneumococcal adhesion by administration of soluble receptor sugar may improve our understanding of the role of adhesion in vivo.
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Hansson GC, Karlsson KA, Larson G, McKibbin JM, Blaszczyk M, Herlyn M, Steplewski Z, Koprowski H. Mouse monoclonal antibodies against human cancer cell lines with specificities for blood group and related antigens. Characterization by antibody binding to glycosphingolipids in a chromatogram binding assay. J Biol Chem 1983. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)32588-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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54
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Samuelsson BE. Enzymatic synthesis of a blood group A related, difucosyl heptaglycosylceramide with a type 2 carbohydrate chain. FEBS Lett 1983; 152:305-10. [PMID: 6825853 DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(83)80401-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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55
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Falk KE, Karlsson KA, Larson G, Thurin J, Blaszczyk M, Steplewski Z, Koprowski H. Mass spectrometry of a human tumor glycolipid antigen being defined by mouse monoclonal antibody NS-19-9. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1983; 110:383-91. [PMID: 6188455 DOI: 10.1016/0006-291x(83)91160-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
With an antibody-to-chromatogram binding assay to follow the preparation a glycolipid was isolated from human pancreatic carcinoma using a mouse monoclonal antibody of apparent specificity for gastrointestinal tumors. Direct probe mass spectrometry of three derivatives established the sugar sequence as NeuAc-hexose-(fucose)N-acetylhexosamine-hexose-hexose and the ceramide to be composed mainly of phytosphingosine and 16-24 carbon 2-hydroxy fatty acids. NMR spectroscopy of two of the derivatives made likely the presence of the sequence Gal beta 1 leads to 3GlcNAc(4 comes from 1 alpha Fuc)beta 1 leads to, which is the blood group Lewis a determinant. This is in agreement with recent results from degradation studies.
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Hansson GC, Karlsson KA, Larson G, McKibbin JM, Strömberg N, Thurin J. Isoglobotriaosylceramide and the Forssman glycolipid of dog small intestine occupy separate tissue compartments and differ in ceramide composition. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1983; 750:214-6. [PMID: 6824715 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2760(83)90224-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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57
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Angström J, Falk KE, Karlsson KA, Larson G. Chemical fingerprinting of non-acid glycosphingolipids in meconium of a human individual of blood group B Le(a-b+) and secretor. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1982; 712:274-82. [PMID: 7126605 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2760(82)90344-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
In an attempt to elucidate blood group polymorphism systematically in human intestinal tissue, glycosphingolipids of meconia of single individuals have been studied. In this report we describe the major glycosphingolipids in meconium of a newborn typed as a B Le(a-b+) secretor. The glycolipids were analysed as four subfractions obtained after deacetylation of fractions from silicic acid column chromatography of the peracetylated total non-acid glycolipid extract. Chemical characterization (mass spectrometry and 1H-NMR spectroscopy of permethylated and LiA1H4-reduced permethylated derivatives) and immunological characterization (haemagglutination-inhibition of native glycolipids in the liposome form) revealed a very complex pattern of fucosyl-containing glycolipids, probably the result of several blood group glycosyltransferase activities. The major fucolipids, all based on lactotetraosylceramide, had a characteristic ceramide of mainly phytosphingosine and 2-hydroxy fatty acids with 16 and 20-24 carbon atoms.
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Blomberg J, Breimer ME, Karlsson KA. Glycosphingolipids of a green monkey kidney cell line (GMK AH-1). Evidence for a novel pentaglycosylceramide based on globotetraosylceramide. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1982; 711:466-77. [PMID: 7104376 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2760(82)90061-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Total non-acid glycolipid fractions have been isolated from GMK AH-1 cells grown in fetal calf serum and in horse serum. For comparison, glycolipids were also prepared from green monkey (Cercopithecus aetiops) kidney and from fetal calf serum. The major glycolipids from GMK AH-1 cells grown in fetal calf serum were isolated by silicic acid column chromatography and preparative thin-layer chromatography. These fractions were characterized mainly by thin-layer chromatography, mass spectrometry and gas chromatography. The structures of the glycolipids isolated were proposed as: Glc1 leads to 1Cer, Gal1 leads to 1Cer, Gal1 leads to 4Glc1 leads to 1Cer, Gal1 leads to 4Gal1 leads to 4Glc1 leads to 1Cer, GalNAcl leads to 3Gal1 leads to 4Gal1 leads 4Glc1 leads to 1Cer. In addition, a novel pentaglycosylceramide with the probable structure Ga1 beta 1 leads to 3GalNAc beta 1 leads to Gal alpha 1 leads to 4Gal beta 1 leads to 4Glc beta 1 leads to 1Cer was also present. THe ceramides contained mainly dihydroxy 18:1 long-chain base in combination with non-hydroxy 16:0-24:0 fatty acids. Small amounts of trihydroxy 18:0 long-chain base and hydroxy 22:0-24:0 fatty acids were also present in the mono- and diglycosylceramide fractions. The glycolipid patterns of GMK AH-1 cells grown in fetal calf serum or horse serum were identical. The pentaglycosylceramide present in the cultured cells could not be detected with certainty in the kidney tissue. The uptake of this glycolipid from the culture medium is unlikely as it seems to be lacking in calf serum.
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Breimer ME, Hansson GC, Karlsson KA, Leffler H. Studies on differentiating epithelial cells of rat small intestine. Alterations in the lipophilic part of glycosphingolipids during cell migration from crypt villus tip. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1982; 710:415-27. [PMID: 7074122 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2760(82)90125-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Epithelial cells of rat small intestine have been separated into three intervals of different maturity correlated to cell migration from the crypt to the villus tip. The total acid and non-acid glycosphingolipids were isolated and analysed by thin-layer chromatography. The amount of glucosylceramide an N-glycoloylneuraminosyllactosylceramide was higher, while the amount of globotriaosylceramide and tetrahexosylceramide was lower in villus tip cells (more differentiated) compared to crypt cells (less differentiated). In addition to these alterations the lipophilic composition changed, as shown by a comparison by mass spectrometry of permethylated and LiAlH4-reduced, permethylated derivatives of two of the non-acid glycolipid mixtures (crypt cells and villus tip cells). The components of ceramide were mainly trihydroxy 18:0 long-chain base (phytosphingosine) and hydroxy and non-hydroxy fatty acids. The only significant change concerned the fatty acids. In the crypt cell glycolipids the most abundant fatty acid was 20:0 non-hydroxy fatty acid. In the villus tip cells there was a relative increase of hydroxy fatty acids, with the 24:0 species in dominance. This change occurred for most glycolipids, but the fatty acids of glucosylceramide were villus tip-like already in the crypt cells. The blood group A-active tetraglycosylceramide, and probably the hematoside, did not show any alteration in the lipophilic part. The results indicate that the turnover of some glycolipids (or only their lipophilic part) is more rapid than the epithelial cell turnover.
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Angström J, Breimer ME, Falk KE, Hansson GC, Karlsson KA, Leffler H, Pascher I. Structural characterization of glycolipids of rat small intestine having one to eight hexoses in a linear sequence. Arch Biochem Biophys 1982; 213:708-25. [PMID: 7073294 DOI: 10.1016/0003-9861(82)90601-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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62
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Angström J, Breimer M, Falk K, Hansson G, Karlsson K, Leffler H. Chemical characterization of penta-, hexa-, hepta-, octa-, and nonaglycosylceramides of rat small intestine having a globoside-like terminus. J Biol Chem 1982. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)68248-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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63
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Breimer M, Hansson G, Karlsson K, Leffler H. Isolation and partial characterization of blood group A and H active glycosphingolipids of rat small intestine. J Biol Chem 1982. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)68285-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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64
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Breimer M, Karlsson K, Samuelsson B. Characterization of a human intestinal difucosyl heptaglycosylceramide with a blood group B determinant and a type 1 carbohydrate chain. J Biol Chem 1982. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)68310-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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65
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Structural identification of two ten-sugar branched chain glycosphingolipids of blood group H type present in epithelial cells of rat small intestine. J Biol Chem 1982. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)68324-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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66
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Breimer M, Hansson G, Karlsson K, Leffler H. Glycosphingolipids of rat tissues. Different composition of epithelial and nonepithelial cells of small intestine. J Biol Chem 1982. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)68400-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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67
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Neskovic NM, Rebel G, Harth S, Mandel P. Biosynthesis of galactocerebrosides and glucocerebrosides in glial cell lines. J Neurochem 1981; 37:1363-70. [PMID: 6460849 DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1981.tb06303.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
UDP-galactose:ceramide galactosyltransferase (CGalT, EC 2.4.1.45) and UDP-glucose:ceramide glucosyltransferase (CGlcT, EC 2.4.1.80) were determined in the glial cell lines G26-20, G26-24, C6, and C6TK-. The enzymatic assay for CGalT in cultured glial cells was complicated by a rapid conversion of UDP-galactose to UDP-glucose, due to the elevated UDP-galactose-4'-epimerase activity in certain glial cell clones. It seems that mechanisms regulating UDP-galactose-4'-epimerase activity and levels of UDP sugars in the glial cell lines differ from those in brain tissue. Compared with the maximum activity of CGalT in the myelinating rat brain, the enzyme activities in the oligodendroglioma clonal cell lines G26-20 and G26-24 were 16-30 times lower. On the other hand, CGalT levels in G26-20 and G26-24 cells were comparable to the values found in young rat brain before myelination starts. No CGalT activity could be detected in C6 or C6TK- cells by the method used in this study, whereas CGlcT activity was found in all glial cell lines tested and its levels were close to the values observed in the young rat brain.
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68
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Leffler H, Svanborg-Edén C. Glycolipid receptors for uropathogenic Escherichia coli on human erythrocytes and uroepithelial cells. Infect Immun 1981; 34:920-9. [PMID: 7037645 PMCID: PMC350957 DOI: 10.1128/iai.34.3.920-929.1981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 253] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
A specific family of glycolipids, the globoseries, was shown to act as receptors on human uroepithelial cells and erythrocytes for the majority of uropathogenic Escherichia coli strains attaching to or hemagglutinating those cells. This was demonstrated in three different ways: (i) correlation between the natural presence of glycolipid in the target cell (erythrocytes of different species) and binding of bacteria; (ii) inhibition of attachment to human uroepithelial cells by preincubation of bacteria and glycolipid; and (iii) induction of binding to unreactive cells by coating of these cells with glycolipid. Strains reacting with the receptor agglutinated guinea pig erythrocytes in a mannose-resistant way after, but not before, coating of the cells with globotetraosylceramide. Unrelated glycolipids were not recognized. The reaction was made independent of simultaneous occurrence of mannose-sensitive adhesions on the strains by addition of D-mannose. The receptor-coated cells were used as a tool to screen for prevalence of receptor recognition in a collection of 453 E. coli strains isolated from patients with urinary tract infection or from the stools of healthy children. Of 150 strains attaching to human uroepithelial cells and agglutinating human erythrocytes, 121 bound to globotetraosylceramide (81%). Globoside recognition was especially frequent among pyelonephritis strains (74/81). The glycolipid composition of the urogenital epithelium and kidney tissue and the ability of uropathogenic E. coli to bind to these glycolipids may be a determinant in host-parasite interaction leading to urinary tract infection.
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Abstract
Sodium efflux was studied in 22Na-loaded red blood cells in the presence of arylsulfatase, an enzyme that specifically hydrolyzes sulfatide. Sodium efflux was inhibited in proportion to the amount of arylsulfatase present. Maximum inhibition was almost as high as the efflux obtained in medium with K+ absent. At maximum inhibition 83.2% of the sulfatide content of the fragmented red blood cell membranes was hydrolyzed and ouabain-sensitive (Na+ + K+)-ATPase activity was inhibited by 100%. Sodium efflux, sulfatide content, and (Na+ + K+)-ATPase activity were unaffected with arylsulfatase in the presence of a high concentration of sulfatide. These results indicate that sulfatide plays a specific role in sodium and potassium ion transport. They also suggest that most sulfatide is localized externally in the red blood cell membrane.
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70
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Breimer ME, Hansson GC, Karlsson KA, Leffler H. Glycosphingolipids and the differentiation of intestinal epithelium. Exp Cell Res 1981; 135:1-13. [PMID: 7286072 DOI: 10.1016/0014-4827(81)90293-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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71
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Sakakibara K, Iwamori M, Uchida T, Nagai Y. Immunohistochemical localization of galactocerebroside in kidney, liver, and lung of golden hamster. EXPERIENTIA 1981; 37:712-4. [PMID: 7023964 DOI: 10.1007/bf01967938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Localization of galactocerebroside in kidney, liver, and lung of hamster was studied by the immunoperoxidase method using an affinity-purified specific antibody. Epithelial cells of the following anatomical sites were labelled with the antibody: distal tubuli, ascending limbs of Henle's loops, and collecting tubuli in kidney; periportal bile ducts and hepatic parenchyma in liver; bronchioli and alveoli in lung. The existence of galactocerebroside in these 3 organs was also confirmed by chemical analysis.
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72
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Tsivion Y, Sharon N. Lipid-mediated hemagglutination and its relevance to lectin-mediated agglutination. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1981; 642:336-44. [PMID: 7284360 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2736(81)90450-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Oleic acid and dioleoyl phosphatidic acid at low concentrations (20 and 0.5 mu g/ml, respectively) agglutinate rabbit and rat erythrocytes, while dioleoyl phosphatidylcholine is not hemagglutinating up to 0.5 mg/ml. Palmitic acid is not a hemagglutinin and dipalmitoyl phosphatidic acid is a very poor one. A polar lipid fraction obtained from calf thymocytes and a commercial preparation of gangliosides also exhibit pronounced hemagglutinating activity. Modification of the erythrocytes by either trypsin or neuraminidase causes a marked increase in agglutination only with oleic acid, whereas glutaraldehyde fixation of the cells significantly decreases agglutination with oleic acid, dioleoyl phosphatidic acid and calf thymocyte lipids. None of the lipids tested agglutinate freshly drawn human and sheep erythrocytes, but agglutination occurs following fixation of the sheep cells with glutaraldehyde. Lipid-mediated hemagglutination is strongly inhibited by fetuin and bovine submaxillary mucin (0.5 mg/ml). Defatted bovine serum albumin, also at 0.5 mg/ml, inhibits agglutination by oleic acid, whereas agglutination by other lipids is only poorly inhibited if at all. Monosaccharides at concentration up to 0.25 M do not inhibit the hemagglutinating activity of the lipids. Comparison of the hemagglutinating properties of lipids and lectins raises the possibility that the agglutinating activity of crude biological extracts which is not inhibited by mono- or oligosaccharides may be due to lipid constituents. Since agglutination by lipids is species specific, they may serve as mediators in intercellular recognition. The mechanism of lipid-mediated hemagglutination is discussed in terms of current concepts of the fusogenic activity of these compounds.
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73
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Breimer M, Karlsson K, Samuelsson B. Characterization of a blood group H type pentaglycosylceramide of human pancreas based on a type 1 carbohydrate chain. J Biol Chem 1981. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)69527-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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74
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Molecular characterization of cell surface antigens of fetal tissue. Detailed analysis of glycosphingolipids of meconium of a human O Le(a–b+) secretor. J Biol Chem 1981. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)69639-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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75
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Selvam R, Radin NS. Quantitation of lipids by charring on thin-layer plates and scintillation quenching: application to ceramide determination. Anal Biochem 1981; 112:338-45. [PMID: 7258647 DOI: 10.1016/0003-2697(81)90302-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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76
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Falk KE, Karlsson KA, Samuelsson BE. A new way of chemical blood-typing of human single individuals. Identification of a blood group Leb-active glycosphingolipid in plasma by mass spectrometry and NMR spectroscopy. FEBS Lett 1981; 124:173-7. [PMID: 7227527 DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(81)80130-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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77
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78
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79
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80
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Ebadi M, Chweh A. Inhibition by arylsulphatase A of Na-independent [3H]-GABA and [3H]-muscimol binding to bovine cerebellar synaptic membranes. Neuropharmacology 1980; 19:1105-11. [PMID: 6108534 DOI: 10.1016/0028-3908(80)90109-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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81
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Symposium on host-parasite interactions. Umeå, Sweden, June 6-8, 1979. SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES. SUPPLEMENTUM 1980; Suppl 24:1-227. [PMID: 6937973 DOI: 10.3109/inf.1980.12.suppl-24.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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82
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Breimer ME, Cedergren B, Karlsson KA, Nilson K, Samuelsson BE. Glycolipid pattern of stomach tissue of a human with the rare blood group A,p. FEBS Lett 1980; 118:209-11. [PMID: 7418872 DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(80)80220-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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83
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Breimer ME, Hansson GC, Karlsson KA, Leffler H. Demonstration of complexity of the glycosphingolipid fraction of rat small intestine. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1980; 95:416-22. [PMID: 7417265 DOI: 10.1016/0006-291x(80)90754-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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84
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Leffler H, Edén CS. Chemical identification of a glycosphingolipid receptor for Escherichia coliattaching to human urinary tract epithelial cells and agglutinating human erythrocytes. FEMS Microbiol Lett 1980. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.1980.tb05064.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 377] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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85
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Breimer ME, Hansson GC, Karlsson KA, Leffler H. Human blood group A-positive and -negative strains of rat. Chemical basis as shown by fucolipids of small intestine. FEBS Lett 1980; 114:51-6. [PMID: 7380015 DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(80)80859-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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86
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Bouhours JF, Guignard H. Free ceramide, sphingomyelin, and glucosylceramide of isolated rat intestinal cells. J Lipid Res 1979. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-2275(20)40019-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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87
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Breimer ME, Hansson GC, Karlsson KA, Leffler H, Pimlott W, Samuelsson BE. Selected ion monitoring of glycospingolipid mixtures. Identification of several blood group type glycolipids in the small intestine of an individual rabbit. BIOMEDICAL MASS SPECTROMETRY 1979; 6:231-41. [PMID: 476287 DOI: 10.1002/bms.1200060603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A novel application of selected ion monitoring was used for a mixture of non-acid glycosphingolipids of one rabbit small intestine. Earlier studies of permethylated and permethylated-reduced (LiAIH4) derivatives of model compounds have revealed a specificity and abundance of saccharide ions (terminal monosaccharide(s), disaccharide, trisaccharide, etc., and all sugars plus fatty acid) and of ceramide fragments that permit a conclusive detection of separate glycolipid species in a mixture. The sample (50-200 micrograms) was evaporated slowly (1-5 degrees C min-1 from 150-350 degrees C) from the direct inlet probe of an MS 902 mass spectrometer (electron ionization). Mass spectra with fragments up to about m/z 200 were collected on-line by a computer system. A successive partial separation was obtained for glycolipids with from one up to seven sugars. The structures of eight different compounds were identified. They all had 16:0, 22:0 and 24:0 2-hydroxy fatty acids and 18:0 trihydroxy base (phytosphingosine) as major ceramide components. The dominating complex glycolipid was a hexaglycosylceramide with a blood group B type of sequence. A blood group A type sequence was found in a second hexaglycosylceramide. In support of this, the native mixture showed blood group A and B activity. An intense peak, m/z 182, collected from methylated derivatives were evidence for a dominating type 2 carbohydrate chain of the core tetrasaccharide.
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88
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Falk KE, Karlsson KA, Leffler H, Samuelsson BE. Specific pattern of glycosphingolipids enriched in a mucosa scraping of human small intestine. FEBS Lett 1979; 101:273-6. [PMID: 446752 DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(79)81024-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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89
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Hansson GC, Heilbronn E, Karlsson KA, Samuelsson BE. The lipid composition of the electric organ of the ray, Torpedo marmorata, with specific reference to sulfatides and Na+-K+-ATPase. J Lipid Res 1979. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-2275(20)40606-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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90
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Ryberg B. Multiple specificities of antibrain antibodies in multiple sclerosis and chronic myelopathy. J Neurol Sci 1978; 38:357-82. [PMID: 731263 DOI: 10.1016/0022-510x(78)90142-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The presence of complement-fixing antibodies against brain antigens was tested in paired serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from 60 multiple sclerosis (MS) patients, 15 patients with chronic myelopathy of undetermined cause (CM) and 60 control patients. Six MS sera, 34 MS CSF, 4 CM sera, 3 CM CSF, 4 control sera and 1 control CSF gave positive reactions either with a lipid extract or a saline extract of normal human brain. The proportion of anticomplementary CSF was significantly higher in the MS group than in the control group (15% vs 0%, P less than 0.01). The reactivity of a large number of individual positive samples was further investigated. Seven antibody specificities were discerned in the MS samples. Most samples reacted with non-lipid antigens, the dominating being a heat-labile, nonlipid component associated with CNS myelin. Antibodies to cerebroside and sulfatide were detected in a few patients. A number of samples reacted with cholesterol in combination with a variety of lipids. Positive samples from the CM patients exhibited a similar heterogeneity. In the control group positive reactions were seen in one patient with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), two patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and one with a spinal meningioma. The reaction patterns of these patients were different from those commonly seen in MS patients. The complement-fixing antibrain antibodies in MS CSF are usually of IgG class (Ryberg 1976). This applies also to the positive MS sera in this study. The distribution of the antibodies between serum and CSF indicated, in several cases, an intrathecal synthesis. All of a number of human brains, including one MS brain, contained all 6 antigens (haptens) reactive in saline extracts. Antibodies to tissues outside the CNS were rarely detected in MS patients. The varied humoral autoimmune response in MS might reflect a heterogeneity in the MS patients, the disease itself or its causative agent.
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91
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Breimer ME, Hansson GC, Karlsson KA, Leffler H, Pimlott W, Samuelsson BE. Structure determination of blood group type glycolipids of cat small intestine by mass fragmentography. FEBS Lett 1978; 89:42-6. [PMID: 658400 DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(78)80518-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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92
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Karlsson KA, Larson G. Molecular characterization of cell-surface antigens of human fetal tissue: meconium, a rich source of epithelial blood-group glycolipids. FEBS Lett 1978; 87:283-7. [PMID: 631343 DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(78)80352-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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93
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Farooqui AA. Metabolism and role of sulpholipids in mammalian tissues. THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1978; 9:709-16. [PMID: 361465 DOI: 10.1016/0020-711x(78)90037-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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94
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Christie WW. The composition, structure and function of lipids in the tissues of ruminant animals. Prog Lipid Res 1978; 17:111-205. [PMID: 390540 DOI: 10.1016/0079-6832(78)90007-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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95
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Van Dessel G, Lagrou A, Hilderson HJ, Dierick W, Dacremont G. Quantitative determination of the neutral glycosyl ceramides in bovine thyroid gland. Biochimie 1977; 59:839-48. [PMID: 603792 DOI: 10.1016/s0300-9084(77)80216-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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96
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97
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Matsuura F. Phosphonosphingoglycolipid, a novel sphingolipid from the viscera of Turbo cornutus. Chem Phys Lipids 1977; 19:223-42. [PMID: 890866 DOI: 10.1016/0009-3084(77)90045-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
A novel lipid which contained long-chain base, fatty acid, galactose and N-methylamino-ethylphosphonic acid in an equimolar was isolated from the viscera of Turbo cornutus. The method used for the structural elucidation of this lipid were partial acid hydrolysis, alkaline hydrolysis, periodate oxidation and Smith degradation. The structure of break-down products were mainly identified by combined gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. The structure of the novel lipid was determined to be 1-O-[6'-O-(N-methylaminoethyl-phosphonyl) galactopyranosyl] ceramide. Mass spectra of galactose-N-methylaminoethylphospnate and glycerol-N-methylamino-ethylphosphonate are given.
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98
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99
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Kościelak J, Miller-Podraza H, Krauze R, Piasek A. Isolation and characterization of poly(glycosyl)ceramides (megaloglycolipids) with A, H and I blood-group activities. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1976; 71:9-18. [PMID: 827447 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1976.tb11083.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Very complex glycosphingolipids with A, H and I blood-group activities were isolated from human erythrocyte membranes. The membranes were obtained from erythrocytes of blood group A, A2 and O respectively. A general formula for the antigens is: (Fuc)3-4(Gal)n(LlcNAc)n-2(Glc)1(Sphingosine)1(where Fus is fucose, Gal is galactose, GlcNAc is N-acetylglucosamine and Glc is glucose) with values of n ranging from 10-27. A-active preparations contain additionally 2-3 residues of N-acetylgalactosamine. In view of the unusual complexity of these compounds they were designated poly(glycosyl)ceramides (formerly megaloglycolipids). Individual poly(glycosyl)ceramide fractions were isolated from A erythrocytes and were found to differ by about 8 glycosyl residues per molecule forming a series of compounds with 22, 30, 38, 51 and 59 glycosyl residues per mole. Structural studies indicate that the main sequence of poly(glycosyl)ceramides consists of the residues of galactopyranose and 2-deoxy-2-acetamidoglucopyranose substituted at 3 and 4 position respectively. These residues are probably alternating. N-Acdtylglucosamine substituted at 3 position was not found in poly(glycosyl)ceramides. Brances of poly(glycosyl)ceramides originate from 3 and 6 position of galactopyranosyl residues. The number of branches is proportional to the degree of molecular complexity. In poly(glycosyl)ceramides isolated from A and A2 erythrocytes the branches are terminated with the following structures GalNAc alpha 1 leads to 3 [Fuc alpha 1 leads to 2] Gal; Fuc alpha 1 leads to 2 Gal and Gal (presumably Gal beta 1 leads to 4 GlcNAc). In poly(glycosyl)ceramides from A cells the total number of A and H-active structures per average molecule of 30-35 glycosyl residues amounts to 2.1 and 1.2 respectively while the number of terminal galactose structures is 1.8. For poly(glycosyl)ceramides from A2 erythrocytes the corresponding figures are 0.75, 3.5, and 2.1 respectively. Poly(glycosyl)ceramides from O cells comprise about 3.8 H-active structures and 1.8 terminal galactopyranosyl residues. In poly(glycosyl)ceramides with high "n" values the number of terminal galactose structures is increased. These fractions display high blood-group I activity. However, the removal of terminal galactose with beta-galactosidase affects I-activity only slightly.
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100
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Reddy PV, Natarajan V, Sastry PS. Hydrolysis of sphingomyelin to ceramide with hydrofluoric acid. Chem Phys Lipids 1976; 17:373-7. [PMID: 991388 DOI: 10.1016/0009-3084(76)90082-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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