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Treatments with Xylanase at High (90 %) and Low (40 %) Water Content Have Different Impacts on Physicochemical Properties of Wheat Bran. FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s11947-012-0967-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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52
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Driss D, Bhiri F, Siela M, Ghorbel R, Chaabouni SE. Purification and Properties of a Thermostable Xylanase GH 11 from Penicillium occitanis Pol6. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2012; 168:851-63. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-012-9824-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2012] [Accepted: 08/01/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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53
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Kemppainen K, Inkinen J, Uusitalo J, Nakari-Setälä T, Siika-aho M. Hot water extraction and steam explosion as pretreatments for ethanol production from spruce bark. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2012; 117:131-139. [PMID: 22613888 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2012.04.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2012] [Revised: 04/18/2012] [Accepted: 04/21/2012] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Spruce bark is a source of interesting polyphenolic compounds and also a potential but little studied feedstock for sugar route biorefinery processes. Enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation of spruce bark sugars to ethanol were studied after three different pretreatments: steam explosion (SE), hot water extraction (HWE) at 80 °C, and sequential hot water extraction and steam explosion (HWE+SE), and the recovery of different components was determined during the pretreatments. The best steam explosion conditions were 5 min at 190 °C without acid catalyst based on the efficiency of enzymatic hydrolysis of the material. However, when pectinase was included in the enzyme mixture, the hydrolysis rate and yield of HWE bark was as good as that of SE and HWE+SE barks. Ethanol was produced efficiently with the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae from the pretreated and hydrolysed materials suggesting the suitability of spruce bark to various lignocellulosic ethanol process concepts.
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Yin LJ, Tai HM, Jiang ST. Characterization of mannanase from a novel mannanase-producing bacterium. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2012; 60:6425-6431. [PMID: 22694324 DOI: 10.1021/jf301944e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Locust bean gum (LBG) was employed to screen mannanase-producing bacteria. The bacterium with highest mannanase ability was identified as Paenibacillus cookii. It revealed highest activity (6.67 U/mL) when cultivated in 0.1% LBG with 1.5% soytone and 0.5% tryptone after 4 days incubation at 27 °C. Its mannanase was purified to electrophoretical homogeneity after DEAE-Sepharose and Sephacryl S-100 separation. The purified mannanase, with an N-terminus of GLFGINAY, had pH and temperature optimum at 5.0 and 50 °C, respectively, and was stable at pH 5.0-7.0, ≤ 50 °C. It was strongly activated by β-mercaptoethanol, dithiothreitol, cysteine, and glutathione, but inhibited by Hg(2+), Cu(2+), Zn(2+), Fe(3+), PMSF, iodoacetic acid, and EDTA. According to substrate specificity study, the purified mannanase had high specificity to LBG and konjac.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Jung Yin
- Department of Sea Food Science, National Kaohsiung Marine University, No. 142 Hai-Chuan Road, Nan-Tzu, Kaohsiung 81143, Taiwan
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Wang Y, Shi P, Luo H, Bai Y, Huang H, Yang P, Xiong H, Yao B. Cloning, over-expression and characterization of an alkali-tolerant endo-β-1,4-mannanase from Penicillium freii F63. J Biosci Bioeng 2012; 113:710-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2012.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2011] [Revised: 02/02/2012] [Accepted: 02/03/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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56
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Structural features of β-(1→4)-d-galactomannans of plant origin as a probe for β-(1→4)-mannanase polymeric substrate specificity. Carbohydr Res 2012; 352:65-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2012.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2012] [Revised: 02/25/2012] [Accepted: 02/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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57
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Song JM, An YJ, Kang MH, Lee YH, Cha SS. Cultivation at 6–10°C is an effective strategy to overcome the insolubility of recombinant proteins in Escherichia coli. Protein Expr Purif 2012; 82:297-301. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2012.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2012] [Revised: 01/26/2012] [Accepted: 01/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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58
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Gene cloning, expression, and biochemical characterization of an alkali-tolerant β-mannanase from Humicola insolens Y1. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 39:547-55. [DOI: 10.1007/s10295-011-1067-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2011] [Accepted: 11/21/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
In this article, we firstly report a highly alkali-tolerant fungal β-mannanase from Humicola insolens Y1. The full-length cDNA of the β-mannanase, designated as man5A, has an open reading frame of 1,233 bp that encodes a 411-amino acid polypeptide (Man5A) with a calculated molecular mass of 42.3 kDa. The deduced sequence of Man5A comprises a putative 20-residue signal peptide and a catalytic domain belonging to glycoside hydrolase family 5, and displays 61–85% identities with hypothetical proteins and 32–39% with experimentally verified fungal β-mannanases. Purified recombinant Man5A produced by Pichia pastoris has a specific activity of 1,122 U mg−1 and exhibits optimal activity at pH 5.5 and 70°C. Distinct from other reported fungal β-mannanases, Man5A is highly alkali tolerant, exhibiting 45 and 36% of the maximal activity at pH 8.0 and 9.0, respectively, and more than 10% activity even at pH 10.0. Moreover, Man5A has excellent pH stability at pH 5.0–12.0 and is highly thermostable at 50°C. The higher frequency of alkaline amino acids (Arg and Lys), greater pKa values of the catalytic residues, and more positively charged residues on the surface of Man5A might be the causes. Man5A has strong resistance to various neutral and alkaline proteases, retaining more than 97% of the activity after proteolytic treatment for 1 h. The superior characteristics of Man5A make it more advantageous for the application in the kraft pulp industry.
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Rosengren A, Hägglund P, Anderson L, Pavon-Orozco P, Peterson-Wulff R, Nerinckx W, Stålbrand H. The role of subsite +2 of the Trichoderma reesei β-mannanase TrMan5A in hydrolysis and transglycosylation. BIOCATAL BIOTRANSFOR 2012. [DOI: 10.3109/10242422.2012.674726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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60
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Characterization of hemicellulases from thermophilic fungi. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 2012; 101:905-17. [DOI: 10.1007/s10482-012-9706-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2011] [Accepted: 01/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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61
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Molecular insights into substrate specificity and thermal stability of a bacterial GH5-CBM27 endo-1,4-β-d-mannanase. J Struct Biol 2012; 177:469-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsb.2011.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2011] [Revised: 11/04/2011] [Accepted: 11/18/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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62
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High level expression of a novel β-mannanase from Chaetomium sp. exhibiting efficient mannan hydrolysis. Carbohydr Polym 2012; 87:480-490. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2011.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2011] [Revised: 07/29/2011] [Accepted: 08/04/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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63
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Agrawal P, Verma D, Daniell H. Expression of Trichoderma reesei β-mannanase in tobacco chloroplasts and its utilization in lignocellulosic woody biomass hydrolysis. PLoS One 2011; 6:e29302. [PMID: 22216240 PMCID: PMC3247253 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0029302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2011] [Accepted: 11/23/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Lignocellulosic ethanol offers a promising alternative to conventional fossil fuels. One among the major limitations in the lignocellulosic biomass hydrolysis is unavailability of efficient and environmentally biomass degrading technologies. Plant-based production of these enzymes on large scale offers a cost-effective solution. Cellulases, hemicellulases including mannanases and other accessory enzymes are required for conversion of lignocellulosic biomass into fermentable sugars. β-mannanase catalyzes endo-hydrolysis of the mannan backbone, a major constituent of woody biomass. In this study, the man1 gene encoding β-mannanase was isolated from Trichoderma reesei and expressed via the chloroplast genome. PCR and Southern hybridization analysis confirmed site-specific transgene integration into the tobacco chloroplast genomes and homoplasmy. Transplastomic plants were fertile and set viable seeds. Germination of seeds in the selection medium showed inheritance of transgenes into the progeny without any Mendelian segregation. Expression of endo-β-mannanase for the first time in plants facilitated its characterization for use in enhanced lignocellulosic biomass hydrolysis. Gel diffusion assay for endo-β-mannanase showed the zone of clearance confirming functionality of chloroplast-derived mannanase. Endo-β-mannanase expression levels reached up to 25 units per gram of leaf (fresh weight). Chloroplast-derived mannanase had higher temperature stability (40 °C to 70 °C) and wider pH optima (pH 3.0 to 7.0) than E.coli enzyme extracts. Plant crude extracts showed 6-7 fold higher enzyme activity than E.coli extracts due to the formation of disulfide bonds in chloroplasts, thereby facilitating their direct utilization in enzyme cocktails without any purification. Chloroplast-derived mannanase when added to the enzyme cocktail containing a combination of different plant-derived enzymes yielded 20% more glucose equivalents from pinewood than the cocktail without mannanase. Our results demonstrate that chloroplast-derived mannanase is an important component of enzymatic cocktail for woody biomass hydrolysis and should provide a cost-effective solution for its diverse applications in the biofuel, paper, oil, pharmaceutical, coffee and detergent industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Agrawal
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, United States of America
| | - Dheeraj Verma
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, United States of America
| | - Henry Daniell
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, United States of America
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64
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Acidic β-mannanase from Penicillium pinophilum C1: Cloning, characterization and assessment of its potential for animal feed application. J Biosci Bioeng 2011; 112:551-7. [PMID: 22036533 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2011.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2011] [Revised: 07/15/2011] [Accepted: 08/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The β-mannanase gene, man5C1, was cloned from Penicillium pinophilum C1, a strain isolated from the acidic wastewater of a tin mine in Yunnan, China, and expressed in Pichia pastoris. The sequence analysis displayed the gene consists of a 1221-bp open reading frame encoding a protein of 406 amino acids (Man5C1). The deduced amino acid sequence of Man5C1 showed the highest homology of 57.8% (identity) with a characterized β-mannanase from Aspergillus aculeatus belonging to glycoside hydrolase family 5. The purified rMan5C1 had a high specific activity of 1035U mg(-1) towards locust bean gum (LBG) and showed highest activity at pH 4.0 and 70°C. rMan5C1 was adaptable to a wide range of acidity, retaining >60% of its maximum activity at pH 3.0-7.0. The enzyme was stable over a broad pH range (3.0 to 10.0) and exhibited good thermostability at 50°C. The K(m) and V(max) values were 5.6 and 4.8mgmL(-1), and 2785 and 1608μmolmin(-1)mg(-1), respectively, when LBG and konjac flour were used as substrates. The enzyme had strong resistance to most metal ions and proteases (pepsin and trypsin), and released 8.96mgg(-1) reducing sugars from LBG in the simulated gastric fluid. All these favorable properties make rMan5C1 a promising candidate for use in animal feed.
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65
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Várnai A, Huikko L, Pere J, Siika-Aho M, Viikari L. Synergistic action of xylanase and mannanase improves the total hydrolysis of softwood. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2011; 102:9096-104. [PMID: 21757337 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2011.06.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2011] [Revised: 06/10/2011] [Accepted: 06/14/2011] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The impact of xylan and glucomannan hydrolysis on cellulose hydrolysis was studied on five pretreated softwood substrates with different xylan and glucomannan contents, both varying from 0.2% to 6.9%, using mixtures of purified enzymes. The supplementation of pure cellulase mixture with non-specific endoglucanase TrCel7B and xylanase TrXyn11 enhanced the hydrolysis of all substrates, except the steam pretreated spruce, by more than 50%. The addition of endo-β-mannanase increased the overall hydrolysis yield by 20-25%, liberating significantly more glucose than theoretically present in glucomannan. When supplemented together, xylanolytic and mannanolytic enzymes acted synergistically with cellulases. Moreover, a linear correlation was observed between the hydrolysis of polysaccharides, irrespective of the composition, indicating that glucomannan and xylan form a complex network of polysaccharides around the cellulosic fibres extending throughout the lignocellulosic matrix. Both hemicellulolytic enzymes are crucial as accessory enzymes when designing efficient mixtures for the total hydrolysis of lignocellulosic substrates containing both hemicelluloses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anikó Várnai
- University of Helsinki, Food and Environmental Sciences, P.O. Box 27, 00014 Helsinki, Finland.
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66
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Dilokpimol A, Nakai H, Gotfredsen CH, Baumann MJ, Nakai N, Abou Hachem M, Svensson B. Recombinant production and characterisation of two related GH5 endo-β-1,4-mannanases from Aspergillus nidulans FGSC A4 showing distinctly different transglycosylation capacity. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2011; 1814:1720-9. [PMID: 21867780 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2011.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2011] [Revised: 07/30/2011] [Accepted: 08/01/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The glycoside hydrolase family 5 (GH5) endo-β-1,4-mannanases ManA and ManC from Aspergillus nidulans FGSC A4 were produced in Pichia pastoris X33 and purified in high yields of 120 and 145mg/L, respectively, from the culture supernatants. Both enzymes showed increasing catalytic efficiency (k(cat)/K(M)) towards β-1,4 manno-oligosaccharides with the degree of polymerisation (DP) from 4 to 6 and also hydrolysed konjac glucomannan, guar gum and locust bean gum galactomannans. ManC had up to two-fold higher catalytic efficiency for DP 5 and 6 manno-oligosaccharides and also higher activity than ManA towards mannans. Remarkably, ManC compared to ManA transglycosylated mannotetraose with formation of longer β-1,4 manno-oligosaccharides 8-fold more efficiently and was able to use mannotriose, melezitose and isomaltotriose out of 36 tested acceptors resulting in novel penta- and hexasaccharides, whereas ManA used only mannotriose as acceptor. ManA and ManC share 39% sequence identity and homology modelling suggesting that they have very similar substrate interactions at subsites +1 and +2 except that ManC Trp283 at subsite +1 corresponded to Ser289 in ManA. Site-directed mutagenesis to ManA S289W lowered K(M) for manno-oligosaccharides by 30-45% and increased transglycosylation yield by 50% compared to wild-type. Conversely, K(M) for ManC W283S was increased, the transglycosylation yield was reduced by 30-45% and furthermore activity towards mannans decreased below that of ManA. This first mutational analysis in subsite +1 of GH5 endo-β-1,4-mannanases indicated that Trp283 in ManC participates in discriminating between mannan substrates with different extent of branching and has a role in transglycosylation and substrate affinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adiphol Dilokpimol
- Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
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67
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Pitkänen L, Tuomainen P, Mikkonen KS, Tenkanen M. The effect of galactose side units and mannan chain length on the macromolecular characteristics of galactomannans. Carbohydr Polym 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2011.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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68
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Szijártó N, Siika-aho M, Sontag-Strohm T, Viikari L. Liquefaction of hydrothermally pretreated wheat straw at high-solids content by purified Trichoderma enzymes. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2011; 102:1968-74. [PMID: 20884202 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2010.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2010] [Revised: 09/03/2010] [Accepted: 09/03/2010] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Enzymatic liquefaction was studied by measuring continuously the flowability change of high-solids lignocellulose substrates using a real time viscometric method. Hydrolysis experiments of hydrothermally pretreated wheat straw were carried out with purified enzymes from Trichoderma reesei; Cel7A, Cel6A, Cel7B, Cel5A, Cel12A and Xyn11A. Results obtained at 15% (w/w) solids revealed that endoglucanases, in particular Cel5A, are the key enzymes to rapidly reduce the viscosity of lignocellulose substrate. Cellobiohydrolases had only minor and the xylanase practically no effect on the viscosity. Efficient, fast liquefaction was obtained already at a dosage of 1.5 mg of Cel5A/gdrysolids. Partial replacement or supplementation of Cel5A by the other major hydrolytic enzymes did not improve the liquefaction. The reduction of viscosity did not correlate with the saccharification obtained in the same reaction, suggesting that efficient liquefaction is rather dependent on the site than the frequency of enzymatic cleavages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nóra Szijártó
- University of Helsinki, Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, P.O. Box 27, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland.
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Podospora anserina hemicellulases potentiate the Trichoderma reesei secretome for saccharification of lignocellulosic biomass. Appl Environ Microbiol 2010; 77:237-46. [PMID: 21037302 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01761-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
To improve the enzymatic hydrolysis (saccharification) of lignocellulosic biomass by Trichoderma reesei, a set of genes encoding putative polysaccharide-degrading enzymes were selected from the coprophilic fungus Podospora anserina using comparative genomics. Five hemicellulase-encoding genes were successfully cloned and expressed as secreted functional proteins in the yeast Pichia pastoris. These novel fungal CAZymes belonging to different glycoside hydrolase families (PaMan5A and PaMan26A mannanases, PaXyn11A xylanase, and PaAbf51A and PaAbf62A arabinofuranosidases) were able to break down their predicted cognate substrates. Although PaMan5A and PaMan26A displayed similar specificities toward a range of mannan substrates, they differed in their end products, suggesting differences in substrate binding. The N-terminal CBM35 module of PaMan26A displayed dual binding specificity toward xylan and mannan. PaXyn11A harboring a C-terminal CBM1 module efficiently degraded wheat arabinoxylan, releasing mainly xylobiose as end product. PaAbf51A and PaAbf62A arabinose-debranching enzymes exhibited differences in activity toward arabinose-containing substrates. Further investigation of the contribution made by each P. anserina auxiliary enzyme to the saccharification of wheat straw and spruce demonstrated that the endo-acting hemicellulases (PaXyn11A, PaMan5A, and PaMan26A) individually supplemented the secretome of the industrial T. reesei CL847 strain. The most striking effect was obtained with PaMan5A that improved the release of total sugars by 28% and of glucose by 18%, using spruce as lignocellulosic substrate.
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Zahura UA, Rahman MM, Inoue A, Tanaka H, Ojima T. An endo-β-1,4-mannanase, AkMan, from the common sea hare Aplysia kurodai. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2010; 157:137-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2010.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2010] [Revised: 05/26/2010] [Accepted: 05/27/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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71
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Hekmat O, Lo Leggio L, Rosengren A, Kamarauskaite J, Kolenova K, Stålbrand H. Rational Engineering of Mannosyl Binding in the Distal Glycone Subsites of Cellulomonas fimi Endo-β-1,4-mannanase: Mannosyl Binding Promoted at Subsite −2 and Demoted at Subsite −3,. Biochemistry 2010; 49:4884-96. [DOI: 10.1021/bi100097f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Omid Hekmat
- Department of Biochemistry, Center for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lund University, Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Leila Lo Leggio
- Biophysical Chemistry Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anna Rosengren
- Department of Biochemistry, Center for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lund University, Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Jurate Kamarauskaite
- Biophysical Chemistry Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Ole Maaløes Vej 5, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Katarina Kolenova
- Department of Biochemistry, Center for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lund University, Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Henrik Stålbrand
- Department of Biochemistry, Center for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lund University, Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
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Soumya RS, Abraham ET. Isolation of β-mannanase fromCocos nuciferaLinn haustorium and its application in the depolymerization of β-(1,4)-linkedd-mannans. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2010; 61:272-81. [DOI: 10.3109/09637480903379478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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73
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Songsiriritthigul C, Buranabanyat B, Haltrich D, Yamabhai M. Efficient recombinant expression and secretion of a thermostable GH26 mannan endo-1,4-beta-mannosidase from Bacillus licheniformis in Escherichia coli. Microb Cell Fact 2010; 9:20. [PMID: 20380743 PMCID: PMC2868798 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2859-9-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2010] [Accepted: 04/11/2010] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mannans are one of the key polymers in hemicellulose, a major component of lignocellulose. The Mannan endo-1,4-β-mannosidase or 1,4-β-D-mannanase (EC 3.2.1.78), commonly named β-mannanase, is an enzyme that can catalyze random hydrolysis of β-1,4-mannosidic linkages in the main chain of mannans, glucomannans and galactomannans. The enzyme has found a number of applications in different industries, including food, feed, pharmaceutical, pulp/paper industries, as well as gas well stimulation and pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass for the production of second generation biofuel. Bacillus licheniformis is a Gram-positive endospore-forming microorganism that is generally non-pathogenic and has been used extensively for large-scale industrial production of various enzymes; however, there has been no previous report on the cloning and expression of mannan endo-1,4-β-mannosidase gene (manB) from B. licheniformis. Results The mannan endo-1,4-β-mannosidase gene (manB), commonly known as β-mannanase, from Bacillus licheniformis strain DSM13 was cloned and overexpressed in Escherichia coli. The enzyme can be harvested from the cell lysate, periplasmic extract, or culture supernatant when using the pFLAG expression system. A total activity of approximately 50,000 units could be obtained from 1-l shake flask cultures. The recombinant enzyme was 6 × His-tagged at its C-terminus, and could be purified by one-step immobilized metal affinity chromatography (IMAC) to apparent homogeneity. The specific activity of the purified enzyme when using locust bean gum as substrate was 1672 ± 96 units/mg. The optimal pH of the enzyme was between pH 6.0 - 7.0; whereas the optimal temperature was at 50 - 60°C. The recombinant β-mannanase was stable within pH 5 - 12 after incubation for 30 min at 50°C, and within pH 6 - 9 after incubation at 50°C for 24 h. The enzyme was stable at temperatures up to 50°C with a half-life time of activity (τ1/2) of approximately 80 h at 50°C and pH 6.0. Analysis of hydrolytic products by thin layer chromatography revealed that the main products from the bioconversion of locus bean gum and mannan were various manno-oligosaccharide products (M2 - M6) and mannose. Conclusion Our study demonstrates an efficient expression and secretion system for the production of a relatively thermo- and alkali-stable recombinant β-mannanase from B. licheniformis strain DSM13, suitable for various biotechnological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chomphunuch Songsiriritthigul
- School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, 111 University Avenue, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand.
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74
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Cerveró JM, Skovgaard PA, Felby C, Sørensen HR, Jørgensen H. Enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation of palm kernel press cake for production of bioethanol. Enzyme Microb Technol 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2009.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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75
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Utilization of palm kernel cake for production of β-mannanase by Aspergillus niger FTCC 5003 in solid substrate fermentation using an aerated column bioreactor. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2009; 37:103-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s10295-009-0658-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2009] [Accepted: 10/21/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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76
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Characterisation of specific activities and hydrolytic properties of cell-wall-degrading enzymes produced by Trichoderma reesei Rut C30 on different carbon sources. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2009; 161:347-64. [PMID: 19898963 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-009-8824-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2009] [Accepted: 10/13/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Conversion of lignocellulosic substrates is limited by several factors, in terms of both the enzymes and the substrates. Better understanding of the hydrolysis mechanisms and the factors determining their performance is crucial for commercial lignocelluloses-based processes. Enzymes produced on various carbon sources (Solka Floc 200, lactose and steam-pre-treated corn stover) by Trichoderma reesei Rut C30 were characterised by their enzyme profile and hydrolytic performance. The results showed that there was a clear correlation between the secreted amount of xylanase and mannanase enzymes and that their production was induced by the presence of xylan in the carbon source. Co-secretion of alpha-arabinosidase and alpha-galactosidase was also observed. Secretion of beta-glucosidase was found to be clearly dependent on the composition of the carbon source, and in the case of lactose, 2-fold higher specific activity was observed compared to Solka Floc and steam-pre-treated corn stover. Hydrolysis experiments showed a clear connection between glucan and xylan conversion and highlighted the importance of beta-glucosidase and xylanase activities. When hydrolysis was performed using additional purified beta-glucosidase and xylanase, the addition of beta-glucosidase was found to significantly improve both the xylan and glucan conversion.
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77
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Production of Ethanol and Feed by High Dry Matter Hydrolysis and Fermentation of Palm Kernel Press Cake. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2009; 161:318-32. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-009-8814-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2009] [Accepted: 10/06/2009] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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78
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Peterson R, Grinyer J, Joss J, Khan A, Nevalainen H. Fungal proteins with mannanase activity identified directly from a Congo Red stained zymogram by mass spectrometry. J Microbiol Methods 2009; 79:374-7. [PMID: 19854225 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2009.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2009] [Revised: 10/14/2009] [Accepted: 10/14/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Secreted fungal proteins with mannanase activity were identified by mass spectrometry of bands excised from a Congo Red stained zymogram containing locust bean gum as substrate. This technique circumvents the need to locate corresponding bands on a parallel gel without substrate and provides good accuracy in targeting proteins for identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robyn Peterson
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia.
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79
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Cell-surface display of the active mannanase in Yarrowia lipolytica with a novel surface-display system. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2009; 54:171-6. [PMID: 19723025 DOI: 10.1042/ba20090222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A novel surface-display system was constructed using the cell-wall anchor protein Flo1p from Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the mannanase (man1) from Bacillus subtilis fused with the C-terminus of Flo1p and the 6xHis tag was inserted between Flo1p and man1. The fusion protein was displayed on the cell surface of Yarrowia lipolytica successfully, and it was confirmed by immunofluorescence. In succession, the surface-displayed mannanase was characterized. The optimum catalytic conditions for the recombinant mannanase were 55 degrees C at pH 6.0, and it exhibited high stability against pH variation. The highest activity of the recombinant mannanase reached 62.3 IU/g (dry cell weight) after the recombinant was cultivated for 96 h in YPD medium [1% (w/v) yeast extract/2% (w/v) peptone/2% (w/v) glucose]. To our knowledge, the present paper is the first to report that high-activity mannanase is displayed on the cell surface of Y. lipolytica with Flo1p.
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80
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Kovacs K, Macrelli S, Szakacs G, Zacchi G. Enzymatic hydrolysis of steam-pretreated lignocellulosic materials with Trichoderma atroviride enzymes produced in-house. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2009; 2:14. [PMID: 19580644 PMCID: PMC2717933 DOI: 10.1186/1754-6834-2-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2009] [Accepted: 07/06/2009] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Improvement of the process of cellulase production and development of more efficient lignocellulose-degrading enzymes are necessary in order to reduce the cost of enzymes required in the biomass-to-bioethanol process. RESULTS Lignocellulolytic enzyme complexes were produced by the mutant Trichoderma atroviride TUB F-1663 on three different steam-pretreated lignocellulosic substrates, namely spruce, wheat straw and sugarcane bagasse. Filter paper activities of the enzymes produced on the three materials were very similar, while beta-glucosidase and hemicellulase activities were more dependent on the nature of the substrate. Hydrolysis of the enzyme preparations investigated produced similar glucose yields. However, the enzymes produced in-house proved to degrade the xylan and the xylose oligomers less efficiently than a commercial mixture of cellulase and beta-glucosidase. Furthermore, accumulation of xylose oligomers was observed when the TUB F-1663 supernatants were applied to xylan-containing substrates, probably due to the low beta-xylosidase activity of the enzymes. The efficiency of the enzymes produced in-house was enhanced by supplementation with extra commercial beta-glucosidase and beta-xylosidase. When the hydrolytic capacities of various mixtures of a commercial cellulase and a T. atroviride supernatant produced in the lab were investigated at the same enzyme loading, the glucose yield appeared to be correlated with the beta-glucosidase activity, while the xylose yield seemed to be correlated with the beta-xylosidase level in the mixtures. CONCLUSION Enzyme supernatants produced by the mutant T. atroviride TUB F-1663 on various pretreated lignocellulosic substrates have good filter paper activity values combined with high levels of beta-glucosidase activities, leading to cellulose conversion in the enzymatic hydrolysis that is as efficient as with a commercial cellulase mixture. On the other hand, in order to achieve good xylan conversion, the supernatants produced by the mutant have to be supplemented with additional beta-xylosidase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krisztina Kovacs
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Applied Biotechnology and Food Science, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Stefano Macrelli
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - George Szakacs
- Department of Applied Biotechnology and Food Science, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Guido Zacchi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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81
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Shipovskov S, Kragh KM, Laursen BS, Poulsen CH, Besenbacher F, Sutherland DS. Mannanase transfer into hexane and xylene by liquid-liquid extraction. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2009; 160:1124-9. [PMID: 19444389 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-009-8661-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2008] [Accepted: 04/28/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The formation of noncovalent complexes between glycosidase, endo-1,4-beta-D-mannanase, and ionic surfactant di(2-ethylhexyl) sodium sulfosuccinate (AOT) was shown to promote protein transfer into organic solvents such as xylene and hexane. It was found that mannanase can be solubilized in hexane and in xylene with concentration at least 2.5 and 2.0 mg/ml, respectively. The catalytic activity of the enzyme in hexane spontaneously increases with the concentration of AOT and is about 10% of the activity in aqueous system. In xylene, a catalytic activity higher than that in bulk aqueous conditions was found for the samples containing 0.1-0.3 mg/ml of mannanase, while for the samples with a higher concentration of enzyme, the activity was hardly detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stepan Shipovskov
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Aarhus C 8000, Denmark.
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82
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Purification and Characterization of a Low Molecular Weight of β-Mannanase from Penicillium occitanis Pol6. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2009; 160:1227-40. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-009-8630-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2008] [Accepted: 03/31/2009] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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83
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A novel highly acidic β-mannanase from the acidophilic fungus Bispora sp. MEY-1: gene cloning and overexpression in Pichia pastoris. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2009; 82:453-61. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-008-1766-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2008] [Revised: 10/22/2008] [Accepted: 10/22/2008] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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84
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Moreira LRS, Filho EXF. An overview of mannan structure and mannan-degrading enzyme systems. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2008; 79:165-78. [PMID: 18385995 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-008-1423-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 388] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2007] [Revised: 02/15/2008] [Accepted: 02/18/2008] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Hemicellulose is a complex group of heterogeneous polymers and represents one of the major sources of renewable organic matter. Mannan is one of the major constituent groups of hemicellulose in the wall of higher plants. It comprises linear or branched polymers derived from sugars such as D-mannose, D-galactose, and D-glucose. The principal component of softwood hemicellulose is glucomannan. Structural studies revealed that the galactosyl side chain hydrogen interacts to the mannan backbone intramolecularly and provides structural stability. Differences in the distribution of D-galactosyl units along the mannan structure are found in galactomannans from different sources. Acetyl groups were identified and distributed irregularly in glucomannan. Some of the mannosyl units of galactoglucomannan are partially substituted by O-acetyl groups. Some unusual structures are found in the mannan family from seaweed, showing a complex system of sulfated structure. Endohydrolases and exohydrolases are involved in the breakdown of the mannan backbone to oligosaccharides or fermentable sugars. The main-chain mannan-degrading enzymes include beta-mannanase, beta-glucosidase, and beta-mannosidase. Additional enzymes such as acetyl mannan esterase and alpha-galactosidase are required to remove side-chain substituents that are attached at various points on mannan, creating more sites for subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis. Mannan-degrading enzymes have found applications in the pharmaceutical, food, feed, and pulp and paper industries. This review reports the structure of mannans and some biochemical properties and applications of mannan-degrading enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- L R S Moreira
- Departamento de Biologia Celular, Laboratório de Enzimologia, Universidade de Brasília, CEP 70910-900 Brasília, DF, Brazil
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85
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Dhawan S, Kaur J. Microbial Mannanases: An Overview of Production and Applications. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2008; 27:197-216. [DOI: 10.1080/07388550701775919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 245] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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86
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Molecular cloning and characterization of a novel cold-active β-1,4-d-mannanase from the Antarctic springtail, Cryptopygus antarcticus. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2008; 151:32-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2008.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2007] [Revised: 05/12/2008] [Accepted: 05/14/2008] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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87
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Roos AA, Edlund U, Sjöberg J, Albertsson AC, Stålbrand H. Protein Release from Galactoglucomannan Hydrogels: Influence of Substitutions and Enzymatic Hydrolysis by β-Mannanase. Biomacromolecules 2008; 9:2104-10. [DOI: 10.1021/bm701399m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Andersson Roos
- Department of Biochemistry, Lund University, Post Office Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden, and Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 56-58, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ulrica Edlund
- Department of Biochemistry, Lund University, Post Office Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden, and Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 56-58, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - John Sjöberg
- Department of Biochemistry, Lund University, Post Office Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden, and Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 56-58, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ann-Christine Albertsson
- Department of Biochemistry, Lund University, Post Office Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden, and Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 56-58, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Henrik Stålbrand
- Department of Biochemistry, Lund University, Post Office Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden, and Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 56-58, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
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88
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He X, Liu N, Li W, Zhang Z, Zhang B, Ma Y. Inducible and constitutive expression of a novel thermostable alkaline β-mannanase from alkaliphilic Bacillus sp. N16-5 in Pichia pastoris and characterization of the recombinant enzyme. Enzyme Microb Technol 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2008.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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89
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Heterologous expression and characterization of man gene from Bacillus Subtilis in Pichia Pastoris. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/s11515-008-0002-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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90
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Benech RO, Li X, Patton D, Powlowski J, Storms R, Bourbonnais R, Paice M, Tsang A. Recombinant expression, characterization, and pulp prebleaching property of a Phanerochaete chrysosporium endo-β-1,4-mannanase. Enzyme Microb Technol 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2007.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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91
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Kurakake M, Sumida T, Masuda D, Oonishi S, Komaki T. Production of galacto-manno-oligosaccharides from guar gum by beta-mannanase from Penicillium oxalicum SO. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2006; 54:7885-9. [PMID: 17002466 DOI: 10.1021/jf061502k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Beta-mannanase from Penicillium oxalicum SO efficiently hydrolyzed guar galactomannan to galacto-manno-oligosaccharides. Gel filtration estimated the molecular weight of the beta-mannanase as 35 000 and SDS-PAGE as 29 000. The optimum pH was around 5 while a stable pH was reached in the range of 3-6. Optimum temperature was around 60 degrees C at pH 5, while under 60 degrees C activity was stable. HPLC analysis detected oligosaccharides with degrees of polymerization (DP) of 2 to 7 and 2 to 6 released on hydrolysis of guar and locust bean gums, respectively; about 92% of the released sugars were oligosaccharides. In analysis of the sugar distribution on MALDI-TOF-MS, major products of DP 6 and 7 and DP 5 and 6 were confirmed in hydrolysates of guar gum and locust bean gum, respectively. One of the main oligosaccharides released from guar gum, with DP 7, had a high galactose content (Gal/Man = 0.76) and corresponded to a blockwise galactose-substituted mannan type in galactomannan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Kurakake
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Fukuyama University, Sanzou, Gakuenchou 1 banchi, Fukuyama, Hiroshima 729-0292, Japan.
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92
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Ootsuka S, Saga N, Suzuki KI, Inoue A, Ojima T. Isolation and cloning of an endo-β-1,4-mannanase from Pacific abalone Haliotis discus hannai. J Biotechnol 2006; 125:269-80. [PMID: 16621092 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2006.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2005] [Revised: 02/09/2006] [Accepted: 03/03/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
An endo-beta-1,4-mannanase was isolated from digestive fluid of Pacific abalone, Haliotis discus hannai, by successive chromatographies on TOYPEARL CM-650M, hydroxyapatite, and TOYOPEARL HW50F. The abalone mannanase, named HdMan in the present paper, showed a molecular mass of approximately 39,000 Da on SDS-PAGE, and exhibited high hydrolyic activity on both galactomannan from locust bean gum and glucomannan from konjac at an optimal pH and temperature of 7.5 and 45 degrees C, respectively. HdMan could degrade either beta-1,4-mannan or beta-1,4-mannooligosaccharides to mannotriose and mannobiose similarly to beta-1,4-mannanases from Pomacea, Littorina, and Mytilus. In addition, HdMan could disperse the fronds of a red alga Porphyra yezoensis into cell masses consisting of 10-20 cells that are available for cell engineering of this alga. cDNAs encoding HdMan were amplified by polymerase chain reaction from an abalone-hepatopancreas cDNA library. From the nucleotide sequences of the cDNAs, the sequence of 1232 bp in total was determined and the amino-acid sequence of 377 residues was deduced from the translational region of 1134 bp locating at nucleotide positions 15-1148. The N-terminal region of 17 residues except for the initiation Met, was regarded as the signal peptide of HdMan because it was absent in the HdMan protein and showed high similarity to the consensus sequence for signal peptides of eukaryote secretory proteins. Accordingly, mature HdMan was considered to consist of 359 residues with the calculated molecular mass of 39,627.2 Da. HdMan is classified into glycoside hydrolase family 5 (GHF5) on the basis of sequence homology to GHF5 enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuuji Ootsuka
- Laboratory of Breeding Sciences, Graduate School of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, Hakodate, Hokkaido, Japan
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93
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Antov M, Anderson L, Andersson A, Tjerneld F, Stålbrand H. Affinity partitioning of a Cellulomonas fimi beta-mannanase with a mannan-binding module in galactomannan/starch aqueous two-phase system. J Chromatogr A 2006; 1123:53-9. [PMID: 16797561 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2006.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2006] [Revised: 04/29/2006] [Accepted: 05/02/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
A new approach in affinity separations was studied by partitioning of Cellulomonas fimi beta-mannanase (EC 3.2.1.78) containing a mannan-binding module in galactomannan/hydroxypropyl starch aqueous two-phase system. Comparison was made with a truncated version of C. fimi beta-mannanase which lacked the mannan-binding module. Results showed that affinity partitioning of the beta-mannanase was achieved due to biospecificity of the mannan-binding module towards the top phase containing galactomannan. Experiments were conducted at pH 8 to prevent enzyme degradation of the phase containing galactomannan. Removal of the top phase polymer was accomplished by beta-mannanase degradation allowed by shifting to the optimal pH 6. In the combination with the genetic fusion of any given protein to the mannan-binding module, the results envision a general procedure for primary affinity recovery of such fusion proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirjana Antov
- Department of Biochemistry, Center for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, S-22100 Lund, Sweden
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94
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Mudau MM, Setati ME. Screening and Identification of Endomannanase-Producing Microfungi from Hypersaline Environments. Curr Microbiol 2006; 52:477-81. [PMID: 16732459 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-005-0439-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2005] [Accepted: 01/26/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
A culture-dependent enrichment technique was used to isolate endo-1,4-beta-mannanase-producing fungi from a hypersaline environment. Galactomannan was used as carbon source and resulted in isolation of strains of Scopulariopsis brevicaulis, S. candida, and Verticillium dahliae. The Scopulariopsis isolates were found to be more dominant and could be isolated from consecutive evaporation ponds, whereas Verticillium was only isolated from one pond. The Scopulariopsis strains exhibited only endomannanase activity, whereas Verticillium displayed broad-activity spectrum by secreting endoxylanases and cellulases in addition to endomannanases. S. candida LMK004 and LMK008 produced 7,420 and 14,750 nkat g(-1) biomass, respectively. Endomannanase production in these strains increased with an increase in NaCl concentration up to 10% (w/v), after which both growth and enzyme production was decreased. V. dahliae LMK006 grew and produced up to 5,000 nkat g(-1) biomass endomannanase in the absence of NaCl. Increased NaCl concentration had a negative effect on this strain. S. brevicaulis LMK002 showed poor endomannanase production but a similar growth trend as the other Scopulariopsis strains. In general, the Scopulariopsis strains exhibited better halotolerance than V. dahliae and could grow in the presence of 20% NaCl on solid medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mabyalwa Maria Mudau
- Department of Microbial, Biochemical and Food Biotechnology, University of the Free State, P. O. Box 339, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa
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95
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Juhász T, Szengyel Z, Réczey K, Siika-Aho M, Viikari L. Characterization of cellulases and hemicellulases produced by Trichoderma reesei on various carbon sources. Process Biochem 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2005.03.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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96
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Optimization of xylanase and mannanase production by Bacillus circulans strain BL53 on solid-state cultivation. Enzyme Microb Technol 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2005.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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97
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Le Nours J, Anderson L, Stoll D, Stålbrand H, Lo Leggio L. The Structure and Characterization of a Modular Endo-β-1,4-mannanase from Cellulomonas fimi,. Biochemistry 2005; 44:12700-8. [PMID: 16171384 DOI: 10.1021/bi050779v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The endo-beta-1,4-mannanase from the soil bacterium Cellulomonas fimi is a modular plant cell wall degrading enzyme involved in the hydrolysis of the backbone of mannan, one of the most abundant polysaccharides of the hemicellulosic network in the plant cell wall. The crystal structure of a recombinant truncated endo-beta-1,4-mannanase from C. fimi (CfMan26A-50K) was determined by X-ray crystallography to 2.25 A resolution using the molecular replacement technique. The overall structure of the enzyme consists of a core (beta/alpha)8-barrel catalytic module characteristic of clan GH-A, connected via a linker to an immunoglobulin-like module of unknown function. A complex with the oligosaccharide mannotriose to 2.9 A resolution has also been obtained. Both the native structure and the complex show a cacodylate ion bound at the -1 subsite, while subsites -2, -3, and -4 are occupied by mannotriose in the complex. Enzyme kinetic analysis and the analysis of hydrolysis products from manno-oligosaccharides and mannopentitol suggest five important active-site cleft subsites. CfMan26A-50K has a high affinity -3 subsite with Phe325 as an aromatic platform, which explains the mannose releasing property of the enzyme. Structural differences with the homologous Cellvibrio japonicus beta-1,4-mannanase (CjMan26A) at the -2 and -3 subsites may explain the poor performance of CfMan26A mutants as "glycosynthases".
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérôme Le Nours
- Centre for Crystallographic Studies, Biophysical Chemistry Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
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