51
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Effects of counter anions on the adsorption properties of 4-methylimidazolium-modified silica materials. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2014.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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52
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Alkyl imidazolium ionic liquid based sweeping-micellar electrokinetic chromatography for simultaneous determination of seven tea catechins in human plasma. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2014; 969:224-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2014.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2014] [Revised: 08/22/2014] [Accepted: 08/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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53
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VanMiddlesworth BJ, Stalcup AM. Characterization of surface confined ionic liquid stationary phases: Impact of cation revisited. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1364:171-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.08.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2014] [Revised: 08/25/2014] [Accepted: 08/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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54
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Borges EM. Silica, hybrid silica, hydride silica and non-silica stationary phases for liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr Sci 2014; 53:580-97. [PMID: 25234386 DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmu090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Free silanols on the surface of silica are the "villains", which are responsible for detrimental interactions of those compounds and the stationary phase (i.e., bad peak shape, low efficiency) as well as low thermal and chemical stability. For these reasons, we began this review describing new silica and hybrid silica stationary phases, which have reduced and/or shielded silanols. At present, in liquid chromatography for the majority of analyses, reversed-phase liquid chromatography is the separation mode of choice. However, the needs for increased selectivity and increased retention of hydrophilic bases have substantially increased the interest in hydrophilic interaction chromatography (HILIC). Therefore, stationary phases and this mode of separation are discussed. Then, non-silica stationary phases (i.e., zirconium oxide, titanium oxide, alumina and porous graphitized carbon), which afford increased thermal and chemical stability and also selectivity different from those obtained with silica and hybrid silica, are discussed. In addition, the use of these materials in HILIC is also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Endler M Borges
- Núcleo Biotecnológico, Universidade do Oeste de Santa Catarina, Rua Paese, 198, Bairro Universitário-Bloco K. Videira, SC CEP 89560-000, Brazil
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55
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Imidazolium-based polymer hydrogels with microdomains as carriers of hydrophobic molecules. Polym J 2014. [DOI: 10.1038/pj.2014.77] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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56
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Qiao L, Wang S, Li H, Shan Y, Dou A, Shi X, Xu G. A novel surface-confined glucaminium-based ionic liquid stationary phase for hydrophilic interaction/anion-exchange mixed-mode chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1360:240-7. [PMID: 25129388 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.07.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2014] [Revised: 07/10/2014] [Accepted: 07/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Glucaminium-based ionic liquids are a new class of recently developed ionic liquids and prepared by functionalizing the amine group of N-methyl-d-glucamine, which renders them good hydrophilicity due to the presence of the glucose structure and charged quaternary ammonium group. In the present study, a glucaminium-based ionic liquid N,N-diallyl-N-methyl-d-glucaminium bromide was synthesized and subsequently bonded to the surface of 3-mercaptopropyl modified silica materials through "thiol-ene" click chemistry. The obtained stationary phase was characterized by elemental analysis and infrared spectroscopy, and then packed as a HPLC column. A mixture of five nucleosides was used to characterize the separation performance of the obtained column under HILIC mode and the column efficiency was determined with cytidine as the test solute, reaching 80,000plates/m. Then, the retention behavior was evaluated by investigating the effect of various chromatographic factors on retention of different types of solutes, and the results revealed that the developed surface-confined glucaminium-based ionic liquid stationary phase exhibited a hydrophilic interaction/anion-exchange mixed-mode retention mechanism. Finally, two mixtures of nucleotides and flavonoids were separated on the glucaminium-based ionic liquid column, respectively under hydrophilic interaction and hydrophilic interaction/anion-exchange mixed-mode chromatography. In conclusion, the multimodal retention capabilities of the glucaminium-based ionic liquid column could offer a wider range of retention behavior and flexible selectivity toward polar and hydrophilic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizhen Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Shuangyuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Hua Li
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Yuanhong Shan
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Abo Dou
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Xianzhe Shi
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China.
| | - Guowang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China.
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57
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Zhang M, Chen J, Gu T, Qiu H, Jiang S. Novel imidazolium-embedded and imidazolium-spaced octadecyl stationary phases for reversed phase liquid chromatography. Talanta 2014; 126:177-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2014.03.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2014] [Revised: 03/18/2014] [Accepted: 03/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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58
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Preparation and chromatographic evaluation of new branch-type diamide-embedded octadecyl stationary phase with enhanced shape selectivity. Anal Chim Acta 2014; 833:48-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2014.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2013] [Revised: 04/29/2014] [Accepted: 05/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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59
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Mallik AK, Cheah WK, Shingo K, Ejzaki A, Takafuji M, Ihara H. Highly hydrophilic and nonionic poly(2-vinyloxazoline)-grafted silica: a novel organic phase for high-selectivity hydrophilic interaction chromatography. Anal Bioanal Chem 2014; 406:4585-93. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-014-7868-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2014] [Revised: 04/22/2014] [Accepted: 04/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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60
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Mallik AK, Qiu H, Takafuji M, Ihara H. Copolymer-grafted silica phase from a cation–anion monomer pair for enhanced separation in reversed-phase liquid chromatography. Anal Bioanal Chem 2014; 406:3507-15. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-014-7765-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2014] [Revised: 03/12/2014] [Accepted: 03/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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61
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Sun M, Feng J, Luo C, Liu X, Jiang S. Quinolinium ionic liquid-modified silica as a novel stationary phase for high-performance liquid chromatography. Anal Bioanal Chem 2014; 406:2651-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-014-7680-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2013] [Revised: 01/06/2014] [Accepted: 02/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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62
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Qiao L, Li H, Shan Y, Wang S, Shi X, Lu X, Xu G. Study of surface-bonded dicationic ionic liquids as stationary phases for hydrophilic interaction chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1330:40-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2013] [Revised: 01/07/2014] [Accepted: 01/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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63
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Kodali P, Stalcup AM. NORMAL PHASE CHIRAL SEPARATION OF HEXAHELICENE ISOMERS USING A CHIRAL SURFACE CONFINED IONIC LIQUID STATIONARY PHASE. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2012.758151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P. Kodali
- a Department of Chemistry , University of Cincinnati , Cincinnati , Ohio , USA
| | - A. M. Stalcup
- b Irish Separation Science Cluster, National Center for Sensor Research , Dublin City University , Glasnevin , Dublin , Ireland
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64
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Zhang M, Liang X, Jiang S, Qiu H. Preparation and applications of surface-confined ionic-liquid stationary phases for liquid chromatography. Trends Analyt Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2013.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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65
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Liu X, Lu X, Huang Y, Liu C, Zhao S. Fe3O4@ionic liquid@methyl orange nanoparticles as a novel nano-adsorbent for magnetic solid-phase extraction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in environmental water samples. Talanta 2013; 119:341-7. [PMID: 24401423 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2013.11.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2013] [Revised: 11/09/2013] [Accepted: 11/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A novel nano-adsorbent, Fe3O4@ionic liquid@methyl orange nanoparticles (Fe3O4@IL@MO NPs), was prepared for magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE) of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in environmental water samples. The Fe3O4@IL@MO NPs were synthesized by self-assembly of the ionic liquid 1-octadecyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide (C18mimBr) and methyl orange (MO) onto the surface of Fe3O4 silica magnetic nanoparticles, as confirmed by infrared spectroscopy, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy and superconducting quantum interface device magnetometer. The extraction performance of Fe3O4@IL@MO NPs as a nano-adsorbent was evaluated by using five PAHs, fluorene (FLu), anthracene (AnT), pyrene (Pyr), benzo(a)anthracene (BaA) and benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) as model analytes. Under the optimum conditions, detection limits in the range of 0.1-2 ng/L were obtained by high performance liquid chromatography-fluorescence detection (HPLC-FLD). This method has been successfully applied for the determination of PAHs in environmental water samples by using the MSPE-HPLC-FLD. The recoveries for the five PAHs tested in spiked real water samples were in the range of 80.4-104.0% with relative standard deviations ranging from 2.3 to 4.9%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Liu
- College of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Xin Lu
- College of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China.
| | - Yong Huang
- College of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Chengwei Liu
- Department of Anatomy, Guilin Medical College, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Shulin Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China.
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66
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Qiu H, Zhang M, Gu T, Takafuji M, Ihara H. A Sulfonic-Azobenzene-Grafted Silica Amphiphilic Material: A Versatile Stationary Phase for Mixed-Mode Chromatography. Chemistry 2013; 19:18004-10. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201302746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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67
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Rageh AH, Pyell U. Imidazolium-based ionic liquid-type surfactant as pseudostationary phase in micellar electrokinetic chromatography of highly hydrophilic urinary nucleosides. J Chromatogr A 2013; 1316:135-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2013.09.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2013] [Revised: 09/23/2013] [Accepted: 09/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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68
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Cheng XD, Peng XT, Yu QW, Yuan BF, Feng YQ. Preparation and chromatographic evaluation of a novel phosphate ester-bonded stationary phase with complexation and hydrophobic interactions retention mechanism. J Chromatogr A 2013; 1302:81-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2013.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2013] [Revised: 06/01/2013] [Accepted: 06/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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69
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Qiu H, Jiang S, Takafuji M, Ihara H. Polyanionic and polyzwitterionic azobenzene ionic liquid-functionalized silica materials and their chromatographic applications. Chem Commun (Camb) 2013; 49:2454-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cc00138e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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70
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Tang S, Wang L, Han H, Qiu H, Liu X, Jiang S. Preparation and characterization of dipyridine modified hybrid-silica monolithic column for mixed-mode capillary electrochromatography. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra40580j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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