51
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Poly-l-lactide/sodium alginate/chitosan microsphere hybrid scaffolds made with braiding manufacture and adhesion technique: Solution to the incongruence between porosity and compressive strength. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2015; 52:111-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2015.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2014] [Revised: 02/03/2015] [Accepted: 03/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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52
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Wu T, Huang C, Li D, Yin A, Liu W, Wang J, Chen J, Ei-Hamshary H, Al-Deyab SS, Mo X. A multi-layered vascular scaffold with symmetrical structure by bi-directional gradient electrospinning. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2015; 133:179-88. [PMID: 26101818 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2015.05.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Revised: 05/02/2015] [Accepted: 05/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Multi-layered scaffolds are advantageous in vascular tissue engineering, in consideration of better combination of biomechanics, biocompatibility and biodegradability than the scaffolds with single structure. In this study, a bi-directional gradient electrospinning method was developed to fabricate poly(l-lactide-co-caprolactone) (P(LLA-CL)), collagen and chitosan based tubular scaffold with multi-layered symmetrical structure. The multi-layered composite scaffold showed improved mechanical property and biocompatibility, in comparison to the blended scaffold using the same proportion of raw materials. Endothelialization on the multi-layered scaffold was accelerated owing to the bioactive surface made of pure natural materials. hSMCs growth showed the similar results because of its better biocompatibility. Additionally, fibers morphology change, pH value balance and long term mechanical support results showed that the gradient structure effectively improved biodegradability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Chen Huang
- Engineering Research Center of Technical Textiles, Ministry of Education, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Dawei Li
- Engineering Research Center of Technical Textiles, Ministry of Education, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Anlin Yin
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Wei Liu
- College of Material Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Jianfeng Chen
- College of Material Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Hany Ei-Hamshary
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
| | - Salem S Al-Deyab
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Xiumei Mo
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China; College of Material Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
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53
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Muerza-Cascante ML, Haylock D, Hutmacher DW, Dalton PD. Melt Electrospinning and Its Technologization in Tissue Engineering. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2015; 21:187-202. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2014.0347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Lourdes Muerza-Cascante
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, Queensland, Australia
| | - David Haylock
- The Commonwealth Scientific Industrial Research Organisation, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Dietmar W. Hutmacher
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, Queensland, Australia
- Institute for Advanced Study, Technical University Munich, Garching, Germany
- George W Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Paul D. Dalton
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, Queensland, Australia
- Department of Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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54
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Compliance properties of collagen-coated polyethylene terephthalate vascular prostheses. J Appl Biomater Funct Mater 2014; 12:163-71. [PMID: 24756779 DOI: 10.5301/jabfm.5000189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Compliance mismatch between native artery and a prosthetic graft used for infrainguinal bypass is said to be a factor for graft failure. The aim of this study was to develop a technique for measuring the compliance of collagen-coated polyethylene terephthalate (PET) vascular prostheses and to analyze the influence of several key properties on the elastic behavior of the grafts. METHODS Compliance testing was performed on 3 prostheses with and without internal compliant membrane (ICM). The principle of this test was to study the dimensional changes of prostheses submitted to internal pressure from 30 to 240 mm Hg at intervals of predetermined values. RESULTS We demonstrated that the ICM created links with the inner surface of the crimps and considerably modified the graft behavior when submitted to internal pressure. The results showed that compliance properties were dependent on the wall thickness and the crimping geometry of textile vascular prostheses. Mechanical analysis predicts the circumferential tensile behavior of these arterial grafts and validates tests for measuring compliance.
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55
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Biocompatible core–shell electrospun nanofibers as potential application for chemotherapy against ovary cancer. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2014; 41:217-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2014.04.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2013] [Revised: 03/21/2014] [Accepted: 04/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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56
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Yao Y, Wang J, Cui Y, Xu R, Wang Z, Zhang J, Wang K, Li Y, Zhao Q, Kong D. Effect of sustained heparin release from PCL/chitosan hybrid small-diameter vascular grafts on anti-thrombogenic property and endothelialization. Acta Biomater 2014; 10:2739-49. [PMID: 24602806 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2014.02.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2013] [Revised: 02/19/2014] [Accepted: 02/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Thrombus formation and subsequent occlusion are the main reasons for the failure of small-diameter vascular grafts. In this study, a hybrid small-diameter vascular graft was developed from synthetic polymer poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) and natural polymer chitosan (CS) by the co-electrospinning technique. Heparin was immobilized on the grafts through ionic bonding between heparin and CS fibers. The immobilization was relatively stable, and heparin could continuously release from the grafts for more than 1month. Heparin functionalization evidently improved the hemocompatibility of the PCL/CS vascular grafts, which was illustrated by the reduced platelet adhesion and prolonged coagulation time (activated partial thromboplastin time, prothrombin time and thromboplastin time) as shown in the human plasma assay, and was further confirmed by the ex vivo arteriovenous shunt experiment. In vitro cell proliferation assay showed that heparin can promote the growth of human umbilical vein endothelial cells, while moderately inhibiting the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells, a main factor for neointimal hyperplasia. Implantation in rat abdominal aorta was performed for 1month. Results indicate that sustained release of heparin provided optimal anti-thrombogenic effect by reducing thrombus formation and maintaining the patency. Furthermore, heparin functionalization also enhanced in situ endothelialization, thereby preventing the occurrence of restenosis. In conclusion, it provides a facile and useful technique for the development of heparinized medical devices, including vascular grafts.
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57
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Puppi D, Zhang X, Yang L, Chiellini F, Sun X, Chiellini E. Nano/microfibrous polymeric constructs loaded with bioactive agents and designed for tissue engineering applications: a review. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2014; 102:1562-79. [PMID: 24678016 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.33144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2013] [Revised: 01/29/2014] [Accepted: 03/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Nano/microfibrous polymeric constructs present various inherent advantages, such as highly porous architecture and high surface to volume ratio, making them attractive for tissue engineering purposes. Electrospinning is the most preferred technique for the fabrication of polymeric nanofibrous assemblies that can mimic the physical functions of native extracellular matrix greatly favoring cells attachment and thus influencing their morphology and activities. Different approaches have been developed to apply polymeric microfiber fabrication techniques (e.g. wet-spinning) for the obtainment of scaffolds with a three-dimensional network of micropores suitable for effective cells migration. Progress in additive manufacturing technology has led to the development of complex scaffold's shapes and microfibrous structures with a high degree of automation, good accuracy and reproducibility. Various loading methods, such as direct blending, coaxial electrospinning and microparticles incorporation, are enabling to develop customized strategies for the biofunctionalization of nano/microfibrous scaffolds with a tailored kinetics of release of different bioactive agents, ranging from small molecules, such as antibiotics, to protein drugs, such as growth factors, and even cells. Recent activities on the combination of different processing techniques and loading methods for the obtainment of biofunctionalized polymeric constructs with a complex multiscale structure open new possibilities for the development of biomimetic scaffolds endowed with a hierarchical architecture and a sophisticated release kinetics of different bioactive agents. This review is aimed at summarizing current advances in technologies and methods for manufacturing nano/microfibrous polymeric constructs suitable as tissue engineering scaffolds, and for their combination with different bioactive agents to promote tissue regeneration and therapeutic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario Puppi
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, Laboratory of Bioactive Polymeric Materials for Biomedical and Environmental Applications (BIOlab), University of Pisa, 56010, San Piero a Grado (Pi), Italy
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58
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Chrzanowska O, Struszczyk MH, Krucinska I. Small diameter tubular structure design using solvent-free textile techniques. J Appl Polym Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/app.40147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Olga Chrzanowska
- Centre of Advanced Technologies of Human-Friendly Textiles “Pro Humano Tex,” Department of Material and Commodity Sciences and Textile Metrology, Faculty of Material Technologies and Textile Design; Lodz University of Technology; 90-924 Lodz Poland
| | - Marcin Henryk Struszczyk
- Centre of Advanced Technologies of Human-Friendly Textiles “Pro Humano Tex,” Department of Material and Commodity Sciences and Textile Metrology, Faculty of Material Technologies and Textile Design; Lodz University of Technology; 90-924 Lodz Poland
| | - Izabella Krucinska
- Centre of Advanced Technologies of Human-Friendly Textiles “Pro Humano Tex,” Department of Material and Commodity Sciences and Textile Metrology, Faculty of Material Technologies and Textile Design; Lodz University of Technology; 90-924 Lodz Poland
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59
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In vitro biocompatibility and antibacterial efficacy of a degradable poly(L-lactide-co-epsilon-caprolactone) copolymer incorporated with silver nanoparticles. Ann Biomed Eng 2013; 42:1482-93. [PMID: 24150238 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-013-0929-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2013] [Accepted: 10/12/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (Ag-nps) are currently used as a natural biocide to prevent undesired bacterial growth in clothing, cosmetics and medical products. The objective of the study was to impart antibacterial properties through the incorporation of Ag-nps at increasing concentrations to electrospun degradable 50:50 poly(L-lactide-co-epsilon-caprolactone) scaffolds for skin tissue engineering applications. The biocompatibility of the scaffolds containing Ag-nps was evaluated with human epidermal keratinocytes (HEK); cell viability and proliferation were evaluated using Live/Dead and alamarBlue viability assays following 7 and 14 days of cell culture on the scaffolds. Significant decreases in cell viability and proliferation were noted for the 1.0 mg(Ag) g(scaffold)(-1) after 7 and 14 days on Ag-nps scaffolds. After 14 days, scanning electron microscopy revealed a confluent layer of HEK on the surface of the 0.0 and 0.1 mg(Ag) g(scaffold)(-1). Both 0.5 and 1.0 mg(Ag) g(scaffold)(-1) were capable of inhibiting both Gram positive and negative bacterial strains. Uniaxial tensile tests revealed a significant (p < 0.001) decrease in the modulus of elasticity following Ag-nps incorporation compared to control. These findings suggest that a scaffold containing between 0.5 and 1.0 mg(Ag) g(scaffold)(-1) is both biocompatible and antibacterial, and is suitable for skin tissue engineering graft scaffolds.
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60
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Dargaville BL, Vaquette C, Rasoul F, Cooper-White JJ, Campbell JH, Whittaker AK. Electrospinning and crosslinking of low-molecular-weight poly(trimethylene carbonate-co-(L)-lactide) as an elastomeric scaffold for vascular engineering. Acta Biomater 2013; 9:6885-97. [PMID: 23416575 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2013.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2012] [Revised: 01/29/2013] [Accepted: 02/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The growth of suitable tissue to replace natural blood vessels requires a degradable scaffold material that is processable into porous structures with appropriate mechanical and cell growth properties. This study investigates the fabrication of degradable, crosslinkable prepolymers of l-lactide-co-trimethylene carbonate into porous scaffolds by electrospinning. After crosslinking by γ-radiation, dimensionally stable scaffolds were obtained with up to 56% trimethylene carbonate incorporation. The fibrous mats showed Young's moduli closely matching human arteries (0.4-0.8MPa). Repeated cyclic extension yielded negligible change in mechanical properties, demonstrating the potential for use under dynamic physiological conditions. The scaffolds remained elastic and resilient at 30% strain after 84days of degradation in phosphate buffer, while the modulus and ultimate stress and strain progressively decreased. The electrospun mats are mechanically superior to solid films of the same materials. In vitro, human mesenchymal stem cells adhered to and readily proliferated on the three-dimensional fiber network, demonstrating that these polymers may find use in growing artificial blood vessels in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bronwin L Dargaville
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
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61
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Yu D, Wang X, Li X, Chian W, Li Y, Liao Y. Electrospun biphasic drug release polyvinylpyrrolidone/ethyl cellulose core/sheath nanofibers. Acta Biomater 2013; 9:5665-72. [PMID: 23099302 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2012.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2012] [Revised: 09/23/2012] [Accepted: 10/16/2012] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The capability of core/sheath nanofibers prepared using coaxial electrospinning to provide adjustable biphasic drug release was investigated. Using ketoprofen (KET) as the model drug, polyvinylpyrrolidone as the sheath polymer, and ethyl cellulose as the core matrix, the coaxial process could be conducted smoothly and continuously without spinneret clogging. Scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy revealed linear nanofibers with homogeneous and clear core/sheath structures. Differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction verified that the core/sheath nanofibers were nanocomposites, with the drug present in the polymer matrix in an amorphous state. Attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectra demonstrated that the sheath polymer and core matrix were compatible with KET owing to hydrogen bonding. In vitro dissolution tests showed that the core/sheath nanofibers could provide typical biphasic drug release profiles consisting of an immediate and sustained release. The amount of drug released in the first phase was tailored by adjusting the sheath flow rate, and the remaining drug released in the second phase was controlled by a typical diffusion mechanism. The present study shows a simple and useful approach for the systematic design and fabrication of novel biomaterials with structural characteristics for providing complicated and programmed drug release profiles using coaxial electrospinning.
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62
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Lu T, Li Y, Chen T. Techniques for fabrication and construction of three-dimensional scaffolds for tissue engineering. Int J Nanomedicine 2013; 8:337-50. [PMID: 23345979 PMCID: PMC3551462 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s38635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 240] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Three-dimensional biomimetic scaffolds have widespread applications in biomedical tissue engineering because of their nanoscaled architecture, eg, nanofibers and nanopores, similar to the native extracellular matrix. In the conventional “top-down” approach, cells are seeded onto a biocompatible and biodegradable scaffold, in which cells are expected to populate in the scaffold and create their own extracellular matrix. The top-down approach based on these scaffolds has successfully engineered thin tissues, including skin, bladder, and cartilage in vitro. However, it is still a challenge to fabricate complex and functional tissues (eg, liver and kidney) due to the lack of vascularization systems and limited diffusion properties of these large biomimetic scaffolds. The emerging “bottom-up” method may hold great potential to address these challenges, and focuses on fabricating microscale tissue building blocks with a specific microarchitecture and assembling these units to engineer larger tissue constructs from the bottom up. In this review, state-of-the-art methods for fabrication of three-dimensional biomimetic scaffolds are presented, and their advantages and drawbacks are discussed. The bottom-up methods used to assemble microscale building blocks (eg, microscale hydrogels) for tissue engineering are also reviewed. Finally, perspectives on future development of the bottom-up approach for tissue engineering are addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingli Lu
- Key Laboratory of Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China.
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63
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Dalton PD, Vaquette C, Farrugia BL, Dargaville TR, Brown TD, Hutmacher DW. Electrospinning and additive manufacturing: converging technologies. Biomater Sci 2013; 1:171-185. [DOI: 10.1039/c2bm00039c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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64
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Medical Fibers and Biotextiles. Biomater Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-08-087780-8.00029-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
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65
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Mazalevska O, Struszczyk MH, Krucinska I. Design of vascular prostheses by melt electrospinning-structural characterizations. J Appl Polym Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/app.38818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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66
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Brown TD, Slotosch A, Thibaudeau L, Taubenberger A, Loessner D, Vaquette C, Dalton PD, Hutmacher DW. Design and fabrication of tubular scaffolds via direct writing in a melt electrospinning mode. Biointerphases 2012; 7:13. [PMID: 22589056 PMCID: PMC4875147 DOI: 10.1007/s13758-011-0013-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2011] [Accepted: 12/09/2011] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Flexible tubular structures fabricated from solution electrospun fibers are finding increasing use in tissue engineering applications. However it is difficult to control the deposition of fibers due to the chaotic nature of the solution electrospinning jet. By using non-conductive polymer melts instead of polymer solutions the path and collection of the fiber becomes predictable. In this work we demonstrate the melt electrospinning of polycaprolactone in a direct writing mode onto a rotating cylinder. This allows the design and fabrication of tubes using 20 μm diameter fibers with controllable micropatterns and mechanical properties. A key design parameter is the fiber winding angle, where it allows control over scaffold pore morphology (e.g. size, shape, number and porosity). Furthermore, the establishment of a finite element model as a predictive design tool is validated against mechanical testing results of melt electrospun tubes to show that a lesser winding angle provides improved mechanical response to uniaxial tension and compression. In addition, we show that melt electrospun tubes support the growth of three different cell types in vitro and are therefore promising scaffolds for tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toby D. Brown
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, 60 Musk Ave, Brisbane, 4059 Australia
| | - Anna Slotosch
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, 60 Musk Ave, Brisbane, 4059 Australia
- Institut für Textiltechnik, Otto-Blumenthal-Str. 1, Aachen, 52074 Germany
| | - Laure Thibaudeau
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, 60 Musk Ave, Brisbane, 4059 Australia
| | - Anna Taubenberger
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, 60 Musk Ave, Brisbane, 4059 Australia
| | - Daniela Loessner
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, 60 Musk Ave, Brisbane, 4059 Australia
| | - Cedryck Vaquette
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, 60 Musk Ave, Brisbane, 4059 Australia
| | - Paul D. Dalton
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, 60 Musk Ave, Brisbane, 4059 Australia
| | - Dietmar W. Hutmacher
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, 60 Musk Ave, Brisbane, 4059 Australia
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67
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Sartoneva R, Haaparanta AM, Lahdes-Vasama T, Mannerström B, Kellomäki M, Salomäki M, Sándor G, Seppänen R, Miettinen S, Haimi S. Characterizing and optimizing poly-L-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone membranes for urothelial tissue engineering. J R Soc Interface 2012; 9:3444-54. [PMID: 22896571 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2012.0458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Different synthetic biomaterials such as polylactide (PLA), polycaprolactone and poly-l-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone (PLCL) have been studied for urothelial tissue engineering, with favourable results. The aim of this research was to further optimize the growth surface for human urothelial cells (hUCs) by comparing different PLCL-based membranes: smooth (s) and textured (t) PLCL and knitted PLA mesh with compression-moulded PLCL (cPLCL). The effects of topographical texturing on urothelial cell response and mechanical properties under hydrolysis were studied. The main finding was that both sPLCL and tPLCL supported hUC growth significantly better than cPLCL. Interestingly, tPLCL gave no significant advantage to hUC attachment or proliferation compared with sPLCL. However, during the 14 day assessment period, the majority of cells were viable and maintained phenotype on all the membranes studied. The material characterization exhibited potential mechanical characteristics of sPLCL and tPLCL for urothelial applications. Furthermore, the highest elongation of tPLCL supports the use of this kind of texturing. In conclusion, in light of our cell culture results and mechanical characterization, both sPLCL and tPLCL should be further studied for urothelial tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reetta Sartoneva
- Institute of Biomedical Technology, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland.
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68
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Del Gaudio C, Fioravanzo L, Folin M, Marchi F, Ercolani E, Bianco A. Electrospun tubular scaffolds: on the effectiveness of blending poly(ε-caprolactone) with poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate). J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2012; 100:1883-98. [PMID: 22888010 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.32756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2011] [Revised: 04/27/2012] [Accepted: 06/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Tissue engineering can effectively contribute to the development of novel vascular prostheses aimed to overcome the well-known drawbacks of small-diameter grafts. To date, poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL), a bioresorbable synthetic poly(α-hydroxyester), is considered one of the most promising materials for vascular tissue engineering. In this work, the potential advantage of intimate blending soft PCL and hard poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV), a polymer of microbial origin, has been evaluated. Nonwoven mats and small-diameter tubular scaffolds of PCL, PHBV, and PCL/PHBV were fabricated by means of electrospinning technique. Mechanical properties and suture retention strength were investigated according to the international standard for cardiovascular implants. Biological tests demonstrated that both PCL-based scaffolds supported survival and growth of rat cerebral endothelial cells in a short time. The fiber alignment of the electrospun tubular scaffolds contributed to a more rapid and homogeneous cell colonization of the luminal surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Costantino Del Gaudio
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Rome Tor Vergata, INSTM Research Unit Roma Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
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69
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Mun CH, Jung Y, Kim SH, Lee SH, Kim HC, Kwon IK, Kim SH. Three-dimensional electrospun poly(lactide-co-ɛ-caprolactone) for small-diameter vascular grafts. Tissue Eng Part A 2012; 18:1608-16. [PMID: 22462723 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2011.0695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanofibers have been applied to tissue engineering scaffolds because fiber diameters are of the same scale as the physical structure of protein fibrils in the native extracellular matrix. In this study, we utilized cell matrix engineering combined with cell sheet matrix and electrospinning technologies. We studied small-diameter vascular grafts in vitro by seeding smooth muscle cells onto electrospun poly(lactide-co-ɛ-caprolactone) (PLCL) scaffolds, culturing and constructing a three-dimensional network. The vascular grafts constructed using cell matrix engineering were similar to the native vessels in their mechanical properties, such as tensile strength, tensile strain, and e-modulus. Also, they had a self-sealing property more improved than GORE-TEX because PLCL has compatible elasticity. Small-diameter vascular grafts constructed using matrix engineering have the potential to be suitable for vascular grafts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cho Hay Mun
- Division of Life and Health Sciences, Biomaterials Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Korea
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70
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Shalumon KT, Chennazhi KP, Tamura H, Kawahara K, Nair SV, Jayakumar R. Fabrication of three-dimensional nano, micro and micro/nano scaffolds of porous poly(lactic acid) by electrospinning and comparison of cell infiltration by Z-stacking/three-dimensional projection technique. IET Nanobiotechnol 2012; 6:16-25. [PMID: 22423866 DOI: 10.1049/iet-nbt.2011.0028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of electrospun extracellular matrix (ECM)-mimicking nanofibrous scaffolds for tissue engineering is limited by poor cellular infiltration. The authors hypothesised that cell penetration could be enhanced in scaffolds by using a hierarchical structure where nano fibres are combined with micron-scale fibres while preserving the overall scaffold architecture. To assess this, we fabricated electrospun porous poly(lactic acid) (PLA) scaffolds having nanoscale, microscale and combined micro/nano architecture and evaluated the structural characteristics and biological response in detail. Although the bioactivity was intermediate to that for nanofibre and microfibre scaffold, a unique result of this study was that the micro/nano combined fibrous scaffold showed improved cell infiltration and distribution than the nanofibrous scaffold. Although the cells were found to be lining the scaffold periphery in the case of nanofibrous scaffold, micro/nano scaffolds had cells dispersed throughout the scaffold. Further, as expected, the addition of nanoparticles of hydroxyapatite (nHAp) improved the bioactivity, although it did not play a significant role in cell penetration. Thus, this strategy of creating a three-dimensional (3D) micro/nano architecture that would increase the porosity of the fibrous scaffold and thereby improving the cell penetration, can be utilised for the generation of functional tissue engineered constructs in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- K T Shalumon
- Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham University, Amrita Centre for Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine, Kochi, India
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Gupta B, Patra S, Ray AR. Preparation of porous polycaprolactone tubular matrix by salt leaching process. J Appl Polym Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/app.36922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Biomimicking Polysaccharide Nanofibers Promote Vascular Phenotypes: A Potential Application for Vascular Tissue Engineering. Macromol Biosci 2011; 12:395-401. [DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201100336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2011] [Revised: 10/26/2011] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Chung S, King MW. Design concepts and strategies for tissue engineering scaffolds. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2011; 58:423-38. [PMID: 22172105 DOI: 10.1002/bab.60] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2011] [Accepted: 09/23/2011] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In the emerging field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, new viable and functional tissue is fabricated from living cells cultured on an artificial matrix in a simulated biological environment. It is evident that the specific requirements for the three main components, cells, scaffold materials, and the culture environment, are very different, depending on the type of cells and the organ-specific application. Identifying the variables within each of these components is a complex and challenging assignment, but there do exist general requirements for designing and fabricating tissue engineering scaffolds. Therefore, this review explores one of the three main components, namely, the key concepts, important parameters, and required characteristics related to the development and evaluation of tissue engineering scaffolds. An array of different design strategies will be discussed, which include mimicking the extra cellular matrix, responding to the need for mass transport, predicting the structural architecture, ensuring adequate initial mechanical integrity, modifying the surface chemistry and topography to provide cell signaling, and anticipating the material selection so as to predict the required rate of bioresorption. In addition, this review considers the major challenge of achieving adequate vascularization in tissue engineering constructs, without which no three-dimensional thick tissue such as the heart, liver, and kidney can remain viable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangwon Chung
- Fiber and Polymer Science, Department of Textile Engineering, Chemistry and Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-8301, USA
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Ulery BD, Nair LS, Laurencin CT. Biomedical Applications of Biodegradable Polymers. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE. PART B, POLYMER PHYSICS 2011; 49:832-864. [PMID: 21769165 PMCID: PMC3136871 DOI: 10.1002/polb.22259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1179] [Impact Index Per Article: 90.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Utilization of polymers as biomaterials has greatly impacted the advancement of modern medicine. Specifically, polymeric biomaterials that are biodegradable provide the significant advantage of being able to be broken down and removed after they have served their function. Applications are wide ranging with degradable polymers being used clinically as surgical sutures and implants. In order to fit functional demand, materials with desired physical, chemical, biological, biomechanical and degradation properties must be selected. Fortunately, a wide range of natural and synthetic degradable polymers has been investigated for biomedical applications with novel materials constantly being developed to meet new challenges. This review summarizes the most recent advances in the field over the past 4 years, specifically highlighting new and interesting discoveries in tissue engineering and drug delivery applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bret D. Ulery
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New England Musculoskeletal Institute, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut 06030
- Institute of Regenerative Engineering, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut 06030
| | - Lakshmi S. Nair
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New England Musculoskeletal Institute, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut 06030
- Institute of Regenerative Engineering, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut 06030
- Department of Chemical, Materials & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06268
| | - Cato T. Laurencin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New England Musculoskeletal Institute, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut 06030
- Institute of Regenerative Engineering, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut 06030
- Department of Chemical, Materials & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06268
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Abstract
A novel prototype nonwoven textile structure containing polylactide (PLA) multigrooved fibers has been proposed as a possible scaffold material for superior cell attachment and proliferation. Grooved cross-sectional fibers with larger surface area were obtained by a bi-component spinning system and the complete removal of the sacrificial component was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and x-ray photon spectroscopy (XPS) analysis. These PLA nonwoven scaffolds containing the grooved fibers exhibited enhanced wettability, greater flexibility and tensile properties, and a larger surface area compared to a traditional PLA nonwoven fabric containing round fibers. To evaluate cellular attachment on the two types of PLA nonwoven scaffolds, NIH 3T3 fibroblasts were cultured for up to 12 days. It was evident that the initial cellular attachment was superior on the scaffold with grooved fibers, which was confirmed by MTT viability assay (p < 0.01) and SEM analysis. In the future, by modulating the size of the grooves on the fibers, such a scaffold material with a large surface area could serve as an alternative matrix for culturing different types of cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangwon Chung
- Fiber and Polymer Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
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Abstract
Melt electrospinning is relatively under-investigated compared to solution electrospinning but provides opportunities in numerous areas, in which solvent accumulation or toxicity are a concern. These applications are diverse, and provide a broad set of challenges to researchers involved in electrospinning. In this context, melt electrospinning provides an alternative approach that bypasses some challenges to solution electrospinning, while bringing new issues to the forefront, such as the thermal stability of polymers. This Focus Review describes the literature on melt electrospinning, as well as highlighting areas where both melt and solution are combined, and potentially merge together in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dietmar W Hutmacher
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, 60 Musk Avenue, Kelvin Grove 4059, Australia.
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Errico C, Detta N, Puppi D, Piras AM, Chiellini F, Chiellini E. Polymeric nanostructured items electrospun on a cylindrical template: a simple procedure for their removal. POLYM INT 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.3060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Han J, Lazarovici P, Pomerantz C, Chen X, Wei Y, Lelkes PI. Co-electrospun blends of PLGA, gelatin, and elastin as potential nonthrombogenic scaffolds for vascular tissue engineering. Biomacromolecules 2010; 12:399-408. [PMID: 21182235 DOI: 10.1021/bm101149r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In search for novel biomimetic scaffolds for application in vascular tissue engineering, we evaluated a series of fibrous scaffolds prepared by coelectrospinning tertiary blends of poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA), gelatin, and elastin (PGE). By systematically varying the ratios of PLGA and gelatin, we could fine-tune fiber size and swelling upon hydration as well as the mechanical properties of the scaffolds. Of all PGE blends tested, PGE321 (PLGA, gelatin, elastin v/v/v ratios of 3:2:1) produced the smallest fiber size (317 ± 46 nm, 446 ± 69 nm once hydrated) and exhibited the highest Young's modulus (770 ± 131 kPa) and tensile strength (130 ± 7 kPa). All PGE scaffolds supported the attachment and metabolization of human endothelial cells (ECs) and bovine aortic smooth muscle cells (SMCs) with some variances in EC morphology and cytoskeletal spreading observed at 48 h postseeding, whereas no morphologic differences were observed at confluence (day 8). The rate of metabolization of ECs, but not of SMCs, was lower than that on tissue culture plastic and depended on the specific PGE composition. Importantly, PGE scaffolds were capable of guiding the organotypic distribution of ECs and SMCs on and within the scaffolds, respectively. Moreover, the EC monolayer generated on the PGE scaffold surface was nonthrombogenic and functional, as assessed by the basal and cytokine-inducible levels of mRNA expression and amidolytic activity of tissue factor, a key player in the extrinsic clotting cascade. Taken together, our data indicate the potential application of PGE scaffolds in vascular tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjia Han
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Department of Chemistry, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104, USA
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