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Wang YR, Feng L, Xu L, Li Y, Wang DD, Hou J, Zhou K, Jin Q, Ge GB, Cui JN, Yang L. A rapid-response fluorescent probe for the sensitive and selective detection of human albumin in plasma and cell culture supernatants. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:6064-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc00119j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A rapid-response fluorescent probeACDMwas developed for selective and sensitive detection of human albumin (HA)viabinding on a non-drug binding site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ru Wang
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Dalian
- China
- Dalian Medical University
| | - Lei Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian
- China
| | - Liang Xu
- School of Chemistry
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian
- China
| | - Yan Li
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Dalian
- China
| | - Dan-Dan Wang
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Dalian
- China
| | - Jie Hou
- Dalian Medical University
- Dalian 116044
- China
| | - Kun Zhou
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Dalian
- China
| | - Qiang Jin
- Dalian Medical University
- Dalian 116044
- China
| | - Guang-Bo Ge
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Dalian
- China
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals
| | - Jing-Nan Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian
- China
| | - Ling Yang
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Dalian
- China
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Llorens F, Schmitz M, Gloeckner SF, Kaerst L, Hermann P, Schmidt C, Varges D, Zerr I. Increased albumin CSF/serum ratio in dementia with Lewy bodies. J Neurol Sci 2015; 358:398-403. [PMID: 26476775 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2015.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2015] [Revised: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alterations in the CSF/serum albumin ratio (Qalb) is currently recognized as one of the most reliable markers of blood-brain barrier impairment and blood-CSF barrier permeability, but its potential role as a biomarker in the differential diagnosis of neurological diseases has been poorly analysed. METHODS We evaluated Qalb and core CSF biomarkers (Tau, p-Tau and Aβ42) in a large patient population of neurological and neurodegenerative cases. Diagnostic test evaluation was assessed by ROC-AUC analysis. RESULTS In the differential diagnostic analysis, increased Qalb was found in dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) patients compared to other diseases, either individually or stratified in non-dementia and dementia groups. When clinical groups were analysed individually and compared to controls, Qalb was also increased in stroke and Parkinson's disease dementia (PDD) cases, but not in Parkinson's disease (PD). Qalb in DLB cases correlate with CSF Aβ42 levels but not with Tau and p-Tau levels. Due to the lower CSF Aβ42 levels in DLB compared to PD and PDD, the potential clinical applicability of Qalb with respect to the DLB diagnosis is increased in combination with CSF Aβ42 analysis. CONCLUSIONS The present study demonstrates increased Qalb in synucleinopathies associated with dementia revealing a potential new clinical approach for the differential diagnosis of DLB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franc Llorens
- Clinical Dementia Center, Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Matthias Schmitz
- Clinical Dementia Center, Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Göttingen, Germany
| | | | - Lisa Kaerst
- Clinical Dementia Center, Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany
| | - Peter Hermann
- Clinical Dementia Center, Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany
| | - Christian Schmidt
- Clinical Dementia Center, Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany
| | - Daniela Varges
- Clinical Dementia Center, Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany
| | - Inga Zerr
- Clinical Dementia Center, Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Göttingen, Germany
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Wiedermann CJ, Joannidis M. Nephroprotective Potential of Human Albumin Infusion: A Narrative Review. Gastroenterol Res Pract 2015; 2015:912839. [PMID: 26136776 PMCID: PMC4475554 DOI: 10.1155/2015/912839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2014] [Revised: 05/24/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Albumin infusion improves renal function in cirrhosis; however, mechanisms are incompletely understood. In clinical practice, human albumin is used in various intensive care unit indications to deal with a wide range of problems, from volume replacement in hypovolemic shock, or sepsis, to treatment of ascites in patients with liver cirrhosis. Against the background of the results of recent studies on the use of human albumin in septic patients, the importance of the natural colloid in these critically ill patients is being redefined. In addition to the hemodynamic effects of administration of human albumin impacting on sympathetic tone, attention is being paid to other effects in which its pharmacodynamics is associated with the physiological importance of endogenous albumin. The morbidity and mortality data discussed in this paper support the importance of both the hemodynamic and the pharmacological effects of the administration of human albumin in various indications. The contribution that human albumin could make towards the maintenance of renal function in the course and treatment of severe sepsis and cirrhosis of the liver is the subject of this narrative review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian J. Wiedermann
- Department of Internal Medicine, Central Hospital of Bolzano/Bozen, Lorenz-Böhler Street 5, 39100 Bolzano, Italy
- Interdisciplinary Medical Research Institute South Tyrol (IMREST), Lorenz-Böhler Street 5, 39100 Bolzano, Italy
| | - Michael Joannidis
- Division of Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anich Street 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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Kempny A, Diller GP, Alonso-Gonzalez R, Uebing A, Rafiq I, Li W, Swan L, Hooper J, Donovan J, Wort SJ, Gatzoulis MA, Dimopoulos K. Hypoalbuminaemia predicts outcome in adult patients with congenital heart disease. Heart 2015; 101:699-705. [PMID: 25736048 PMCID: PMC4413739 DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2014-306970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2014] [Revised: 01/31/2015] [Accepted: 02/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In patients with acquired heart failure, hypoalbuminaemia is associated with increased risk of death. The prevalence of hypoproteinaemia and hypoalbuminaemia and their relation to outcome in adult patients with congenital heart disease (ACHD) remains, however, unknown. METHODS Data on patients with ACHD who underwent blood testing in our centre within the last 14 years were collected. The relation between laboratory, clinical or demographic parameters at baseline and mortality was assessed using Cox proportional hazards regression analysis. RESULTS A total of 2886 patients with ACHD were included. Mean age was 33.3 years (23.6-44.7) and 50.1% patients were men. Median plasma albumin concentration was 41.0 g/L (38.0-44.0), whereas hypoalbuminaemia (<35 g/L) was present in 13.9% of patients. The prevalence of hypoalbuminaemia was significantly higher in patients with great complexity ACHD (18.2%) compared with patients with moderate (11.3%) or simple ACHD lesions (12.1%, p<0.001). During a median follow-up of 5.7 years (3.3-9.6), 327 (11.3%) patients died. On univariable Cox regression analysis, hypoalbuminaemia was a strong predictor of outcome (HR 3.37, 95% CI 2.67 to 4.25, p<0.0001). On multivariable Cox regression, after adjusting for age, sodium and creatinine concentration, liver dysfunction, functional class and disease complexity, hypoalbuminaemia remained a significant predictor of death. CONCLUSIONS Hypoalbuminaemia is common in patients with ACHD and is associated with a threefold increased risk of risk of death. Hypoalbuminaemia, therefore, should be included in risk-stratification algorithms as it may assist management decisions and timing of interventions in the growing ACHD population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksander Kempny
- Adult Congenital Heart Centre and National Centre for Pulmonary Hypertension, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, UK
- NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Royal Brompton Hospital and National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College School of Medicine, London, UK
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Adult Congenital and Valvular Heart Disease Center, University Hospital of Münster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Gerhard-Paul Diller
- Adult Congenital Heart Centre and National Centre for Pulmonary Hypertension, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, UK
- NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Royal Brompton Hospital and National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College School of Medicine, London, UK
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Adult Congenital and Valvular Heart Disease Center, University Hospital of Münster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Rafael Alonso-Gonzalez
- Adult Congenital Heart Centre and National Centre for Pulmonary Hypertension, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, UK
- NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Royal Brompton Hospital and National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College School of Medicine, London, UK
| | - Anselm Uebing
- Adult Congenital Heart Centre and National Centre for Pulmonary Hypertension, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, UK
- NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Royal Brompton Hospital and National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College School of Medicine, London, UK
| | - Isma Rafiq
- Adult Congenital Heart Centre and National Centre for Pulmonary Hypertension, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, UK
- NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Royal Brompton Hospital and National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Wei Li
- Adult Congenital Heart Centre and National Centre for Pulmonary Hypertension, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, UK
- NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Royal Brompton Hospital and National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College School of Medicine, London, UK
| | - Lorna Swan
- Adult Congenital Heart Centre and National Centre for Pulmonary Hypertension, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, UK
- NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Royal Brompton Hospital and National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College School of Medicine, London, UK
| | - James Hooper
- Adult Congenital Heart Centre and National Centre for Pulmonary Hypertension, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, UK
- NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Royal Brompton Hospital and National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College School of Medicine, London, UK
| | - Jackie Donovan
- Adult Congenital Heart Centre and National Centre for Pulmonary Hypertension, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, UK
- NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Royal Brompton Hospital and National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College School of Medicine, London, UK
| | - Stephen J Wort
- Adult Congenital Heart Centre and National Centre for Pulmonary Hypertension, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, UK
- NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Royal Brompton Hospital and National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College School of Medicine, London, UK
| | - Michael A Gatzoulis
- Adult Congenital Heart Centre and National Centre for Pulmonary Hypertension, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, UK
- NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Royal Brompton Hospital and National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College School of Medicine, London, UK
| | - Konstantinos Dimopoulos
- Adult Congenital Heart Centre and National Centre for Pulmonary Hypertension, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, UK
- NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Royal Brompton Hospital and National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College School of Medicine, London, UK
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Lopez MF, Krastins B, Sarracino DA, Byram G, Vogelsang MS, Prakash A, Peterman S, Ahmad S, Vadali G, Deng W, Inglessis I, Wickham T, Feeney K, Dec GW, Palacios I, Buonanno FS, Lo EH, Ning M. Proteomic signatures of serum albumin-bound proteins from stroke patients with and without endovascular closure of PFO are significantly different and suggest a novel mechanism for cholesterol efflux. Clin Proteomics 2015; 12:2. [PMID: 25678897 PMCID: PMC4305391 DOI: 10.1186/1559-0275-12-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2014] [Accepted: 12/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The anatomy of PFO suggests that it can allow thrombi and potentially harmful circulatory factors to travel directly from the venous to the arterial circulation - altering circulatory phenotype. Our previous publication using high-resolution LC-MS/MS to profile protein and peptide expression patterns in plasma showed that albumin was relatively increased in donor samples from PFO-related than other types of ischemic strokes. Since albumin binds a host of molecules and acts as a carrier for lipoproteins, small molecules and drugs, we decided to investigate the albumin-bound proteins (in a similar sample cohort) in an effort to unravel biological changes and potentially discover biomarkers related to PFO-related stroke and PFO endovascular closure. METHODS The method used in this study combined albumin immuno-enrichment with high resolution LC-MS in order to specifically capture and quantify the albumin-bound proteins. Subsequently, we measured cholesterol and HDL in a larger, separate cohort of PFO stroke patients, pre and post closure. RESULTS The results demonstrated that a number of proteins were specifically associated with albumin in samples with and without endovascular closure of the PFO, and that the protein profiles were very different. Eight proteins, typically associated with HDL were common to both sample sets and quantitatively differently abundant. Pathway analysis of the MS results suggested that enhanced cholesterol efflux and reduced lipid oxidation were associated with PFO closure. Measurement of total cholesterol and HDL in a larger cohort of PFO closure samples using a colorimetric assay was consistent with the proteomic predictions. CONCLUSIONS The collective data presented in this study demonstrate that analysis of albumin-bound proteins could provide a valuable tool for biomarker discovery on the effects of PFO endovascular closure. In addition, the results suggest that PFO endovascular closure can potentially have effects on HDL, cholesterol and albumin-bound ApoA-I abundance, therefore possibly providing benefits in cardioprotective functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary F Lopez
- Thermo Scientific BRIMS, 790 Memorial Dr, Cambridge, MA 02139 UK
| | - Bryan Krastins
- Thermo Scientific BRIMS, 790 Memorial Dr, Cambridge, MA 02139 UK
| | | | - Gregory Byram
- Thermo Scientific BRIMS, 790 Memorial Dr, Cambridge, MA 02139 UK
| | | | - Amol Prakash
- Thermo Scientific BRIMS, 790 Memorial Dr, Cambridge, MA 02139 UK
| | - Scott Peterman
- Thermo Scientific BRIMS, 790 Memorial Dr, Cambridge, MA 02139 UK
| | - Shadab Ahmad
- Thermo Scientific BRIMS, 790 Memorial Dr, Cambridge, MA 02139 UK
| | - Gouri Vadali
- Thermo Scientific BRIMS, 790 Memorial Dr, Cambridge, MA 02139 UK
| | - Wenjun Deng
- Clinical Proteomics Research Center and Cardio-Neurology Clinic, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - Ignacio Inglessis
- Clinical Proteomics Research Center and Cardio-Neurology Clinic, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - Tom Wickham
- Clinical Proteomics Research Center and Cardio-Neurology Clinic, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - Kathleen Feeney
- Clinical Proteomics Research Center and Cardio-Neurology Clinic, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - G William Dec
- Clinical Proteomics Research Center and Cardio-Neurology Clinic, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - Igor Palacios
- Clinical Proteomics Research Center and Cardio-Neurology Clinic, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - Ferdinando S Buonanno
- Clinical Proteomics Research Center and Cardio-Neurology Clinic, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - Eng H Lo
- Clinical Proteomics Research Center and Cardio-Neurology Clinic, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - MingMing Ning
- Clinical Proteomics Research Center and Cardio-Neurology Clinic, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
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Farahani BV, Bardajee GR, Rajabi FH, Hooshyar Z. Molecular Docking and Spectroscopic Study on the Interaction of Serum Albumin with Iron(III) Diamine Sarcophagine. Aust J Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1071/ch14485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Iron(iii) diamine sarcophagine (DiAmsar) has attracted great attention in biological and medical applications. In particular, for any potential in vivo application, knowledge about the interaction of iron(iii) DiAmsar with serum albumin is crucial. As a step towards the elucidation of the fate of iron(iii) DiAmsar introduced into an organism, first, iron(iii) DiAmsar was synthesised and characterised. In the next step, interactions of iron(iii) DiAmsar with human serum albumin (HSA) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) were systematically investigated by various spectroscopic methods (Fourier-transform infrared, UV-visible, fluorescence) and cyclic voltammetry and molecular docking techniques under simulated physiological conditions. The fluorescence intensities of HSA and BSA decreased remarkably with increasing concentration of iron(iii) DiAmsar. The Stern–Volmer quenching constant KSV at different temperatures and corresponding thermodynamic parameters such as ΔHo, ΔGo, and ΔSo were calculated. The binding distance of iron(iii) DiAmsar with HSA and BSA was also determined using the theory of fluorescence energy transfer. Further, the conformational changes of HSA and BSA induced by iron(iii) DiAmsar were analysed by means of Fourier-transform (FT)-IR. In addition, molecular docking was performed to explore the possible binding sites and the microenvironment conditions around the bound iron(iii) DiAmsar.
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Kallubai M, Rachamallu A, Yeggoni DP, Subramanyam R. Comparative binding mechanism of lupeol compounds with plasma proteins and its pharmacological importance. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2015; 11:1172-83. [DOI: 10.1039/c4mb00635f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Binding of lupeol compounds with plasma proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Kallubai
- Department of Plant Sciences
- School of Life Sciences
- University of Hyderabad
- Hyderabad 500046
- India
| | - Aparna Rachamallu
- National Institute of Animal Biotechnology
- Axis Clinicals Building
- Hyderabad
- India
| | | | - Rajagopal Subramanyam
- Department of Plant Sciences
- School of Life Sciences
- University of Hyderabad
- Hyderabad 500046
- India
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Makinen MW, Salehitazangi M. The Structural Basis of Action of Vanadyl (VO 2+) Chelates in Cells. Coord Chem Rev 2014; 279:1-22. [PMID: 25237207 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2014.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Much emphasis has been given to vanadium compounds as potential therapeutic reagents for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. Thus far, no vanadium compound has proven efficacious for long-term treatment of this disease in humans. Therefore, in review of the research literature, our goal has been to identify properties of vanadium compounds that are likely to favor physiological and biochemical compatibility for further development as therapeutic reagents. We have, therefore, limited our review to those vanadium compounds that have been used in both in vivo experiments with small, laboratory animals and in in vitro studies with primary or cultured cell systems and for which pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics results have been reported, including vanadium tissue content, vanadium and ligand lifetime in the bloodstream, structure in solution, and interaction with serum transport proteins. Only vanadyl (VO2+) chelates fulfill these requirements despite the large variety of vanadium compounds of different oxidation states, ligand structure, and coordination geometry synthesized as potential therapeutic agents. Extensive review of research results obtained with use of organic VO2+-chelates shows that the vanadyl chelate bis(acetylacetonato)oxidovanadium(IV) [hereafter abbreviated as VO(acac)2], exhibits the greatest capacity to enhance insulin receptor kinase activity in cells compared to other organic VO2+-chelates, is associated with a dose-dependent capacity to lower plasma glucose in diabetic laboratory animals, and exhibits a sufficiently long lifetime in the blood stream to allow correlation of its dose-dependent action with blood vanadium content. The properties underlying this behavior appear to be its high stability and capacity to remain intact upon binding to serum albumin. We relate the capacity to remain intact upon binding to serum albumin to the requirement to undergo transcytosis through the vascular endothelium to gain access to target tissues in the extravascular space. Serum albumin, as the most abundant transport protein in the blood stream, serves commonly as the carrier protein for small molecules, and transcytosis of albumin through capillary endothelium is regulated by a Src protein tyrosine kinase system. In this respect it is of interest to note that inorganic VO2+ has the capacity to enhance insulin receptor kinase activity of intact 3T3-L1 adipocytes in the presence of albumin, albeit weak; however, in the presence of transferrin no activation is observed. In addition to facilitating glucose uptake, the capacity of VO2+- chelates for insulin-like, antilipolytic action in primary adipocytes has also been reviewed. We conclude that measurement of inhibition of release of only free fatty acids from adipocytes stimulated by epinephrine is not a sufficient basis to ascribe the observations to purely insulin-mimetic, antilipolytic action. Adipocytes are known to contain both phosphodiesterase-3 and phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE3 and PDE4) isozymes, of which insulin antagonizes lipolysis only through PDE3B. It is not known whether the other isozyme in adipocytes is influenced directly by VO2+- chelates. In efforts to promote improved development of VO2+- chelates for therapeutic purposes, we propose synergism of a reagent with insulin as a criterion for evaluating physiological and biochemical specificity of action. We highlight two organic compounds that exhibit synergism with insulin in cellular assays. Interestingly, the only VO2+- chelate for which this property has been demonstrated, thus far, is VO(acac)2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marvin W Makinen
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Gordon Center for Integrative Science, The University of Chicago, 929 East 57 Street, Chicago, Illinois 60637 USA
| | - Marzieh Salehitazangi
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Gordon Center for Integrative Science, The University of Chicago, 929 East 57 Street, Chicago, Illinois 60637 USA
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Mozzi A, Forni D, Cagliani R, Pozzoli U, Vertemara J, Bresolin N, Sironi M. Albuminoid genes: evolving at the interface of dispensability and selection. Genome Biol Evol 2014; 6:2983-97. [PMID: 25349266 PMCID: PMC4255767 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evu235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The albuminoid gene family comprises vitamin D-binding protein (GC), alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), afamin (AFM), and albumin (ALB). Albumin is the most abundant human serum protein, and, as the other family members, acts as a transporter of endogenous and exogenous substances including thyroxine, fatty acids, and drugs. Instead, the major cargo of GC is 25-hydroxyvitamin D. We performed an evolutionary study of albuminoid genes and we show that ALB evolved adaptively in mammals. Most positively selected sites are located within albumin-binding sites for fatty acids and thyroxine, as well as at the contact surface with neonatal Fc receptor. Positive selection was also detected for residues forming the prostaglandin-binding pocket. Adaptation to hibernation/torpor might explain the signatures of episodic positive selection we detected for few mammalian lineages. Application of a population genetics-phylogenetics approach showed that purifying selection represented a major force acting on albuminoid genes in both humans and chimpanzees, with the strongest constraint observed for human GC. Population genetic analysis revealed that GC was also the target of locally exerted selective pressure, which drove the frequency increase of different haplotypes in distinct human populations. A search for known variants that modulate GC and 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations revealed linkage disequilibrium with positively selected variants, although European and Asian major GC haplotypes carry alleles with reported opposite effect on GC concentration. Data herein indicate that albumin, an extremely abundant housekeeping protein, was the target of pervasive and episodic selection in mammals, whereas GC represented a selection target during the recent evolution of human populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Mozzi
- Bioinformatics, Scientific Institute IRCCS E.MEDEA, Bosisio Parini, Italy
| | - Diego Forni
- Bioinformatics, Scientific Institute IRCCS E.MEDEA, Bosisio Parini, Italy
| | - Rachele Cagliani
- Bioinformatics, Scientific Institute IRCCS E.MEDEA, Bosisio Parini, Italy
| | - Uberto Pozzoli
- Bioinformatics, Scientific Institute IRCCS E.MEDEA, Bosisio Parini, Italy
| | - Jacopo Vertemara
- Bioinformatics, Scientific Institute IRCCS E.MEDEA, Bosisio Parini, Italy
| | - Nereo Bresolin
- Bioinformatics, Scientific Institute IRCCS E.MEDEA, Bosisio Parini, Italy Dino Ferrari Centre, Department of Physiopathology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Fondazione Ca' Granda IRCCS Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Manuela Sironi
- Bioinformatics, Scientific Institute IRCCS E.MEDEA, Bosisio Parini, Italy
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Arroyo V, García-Martinez R, Salvatella X. Human serum albumin, systemic inflammation, and cirrhosis. J Hepatol 2014; 61:396-407. [PMID: 24751830 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2014.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 345] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2014] [Revised: 04/04/2014] [Accepted: 04/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Human serum albumin (HSA) is one of the most frequent treatments in patients with decompensated cirrhosis. Prevention of paracentesis-induced circulatory dysfunction, prevention of type-1 HRS associated with bacterial infections, and treatment of type-1 hepatorenal syndrome are the main indications. In these indications treatment with HSA is associated with improvement in survival. Albumin is a stable and very flexible molecule with a heart shape, 585 residues, and three domains of similar size, each one containing two sub-domains. Many of the physiological functions of HSA rely on its ability to bind an extremely wide range of endogenous and exogenous ligands, to increase their solubility in plasma, to transport them to specific tissues and organs, or to dispose of them when they are toxic. The chemical structure of albumin can be altered by some specific processes (oxidation, glycation) leading to rapid clearance and catabolism. An outstanding feature of HSA is its capacity to bind lipopolysaccharide and other bacterial products (lipoteichoic acid and peptidoglycan), reactive oxygen species, nitric oxide and other nitrogen reactive species, and prostaglandins. Binding to NO and prostaglandins are reversible, so they can be transferred to other molecules at different sites from their synthesis. Through these functions, HSA modulates the inflammatory reaction. Decompensated cirrhosis is a disease associated systemic inflammation, which plays an important role in the pathogenesis of organ or system dysfunction/failure. Although, the beneficial effects of HAS have been traditionally attributed to plasma volume expansion, they could also relate to its effects modulating systemic and organ inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicente Arroyo
- Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic, Centre Esther Koplowitz, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; EASL-Cronic Liver Failure Consortium, Fundació Clinic, Barcelona, Spain.
| | | | - Xavier Salvatella
- ICREA and BSC-CRG-IRB Research Programme in Computational Biology, IRB Barcelona (IRB), Barcelona, Spain
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Interactive association of drugs binding to human serum albumin. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:3580-95. [PMID: 24583848 PMCID: PMC3975355 DOI: 10.3390/ijms15033580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 234] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2014] [Revised: 02/17/2014] [Accepted: 02/18/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Human serum albumin (HSA) is an abundant plasma protein, which attracts great interest in the pharmaceutical industry since it can bind a remarkable variety of drugs impacting their delivery and efficacy and ultimately altering the drug’s pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties. Additionally, HSA is widely used in clinical settings as a drug delivery system due to its potential for improving targeting while decreasing the side effects of drugs. It is thus of great importance from the viewpoint of pharmaceutical sciences to clarify the structure, function, and properties of HSA–drug complexes. This review will succinctly outline the properties of binding site of drugs in IIA subdomain within the structure of HSA. We will also give an overview on the binding characterization of interactive association of drugs to human serum albumin that may potentially lead to significant clinical applications.
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