Assessment of synergistic antibacterial activity of combined biosurfactants revealed by bacterial cell envelop damage

Impedimetric analysis on the mass transfer properties of intact and competent E. coli cells

Competent Escherichia coli cells are commonly used in bacterial transformation owing to its high permeability for bioorganic macromolecules like plasmid DNA. However, the mass transfer property of competent E. coli cell has not fully investigated. In the present study, mass transfer coefficients of competent and intact E. coli cells in deionized water were evaluated by impedimetric analysis of the release of cytoplasmic compounds. Because competent cells have a higher permeability after chemical treatment, the lumped mass transfer coefficient of a competent cell was approximately 6.5 times larger than that of an intact cell at room temperature. Release of cytoplasmic components was accelerated at an elevated temperature of 42 °C, which is the heat shock temperature used during bacterial transformation. At this elevated temperature, assessed lumped mass transfer coefficients of intact and competent E. coli cells were 9.28 × 10^-4 min^-1 and 97.10 × 10^-4 min^-1, respectively. Significant increase in the mass transfer coefficient of the competent cell is caused by cytolysis of cells. The double layer capacitances were also assessed from the electrochemical spectra confirming the enhanced ion release from E. coli cells and rupture of the competent cell under prolonged exposure at the elevated temperature. Impedimetric detection of the ion release with analyses using an equivalent circuit model provides a method to evaluate mass transfer properties of biomolecules.

The Impact of Biosurfactants on Microbial Cell Properties Leading to Hydrocarbon Bioavailability Increase

The environment pollution with hydrophobic hydrocarbons is a serious problem that requires development of efficient strategies that would lead to bioremediation of contaminated areas. One of the common methods used for enhancement of biodegradation of pollutants is the addition of biosurfactants. Several mechanisms have been postulated as responsible for hydrocarbons bioavailability enhancement with biosurfactants. They include solubilization and desorption of pollutants as well as modification of bacteria cell surface properties. The presented review contains a wide discussion of these mechanisms in the context of alteration of bioremediation efficiency with biosurfactants. It brings new light to such a complex and important issue.