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Kodani SD, Hammock BD. The 2014 Bernard B. Brodie award lecture-epoxide hydrolases: drug metabolism to therapeutics for chronic pain. Drug Metab Dispos 2015; 43:788-802. [PMID: 25762541 PMCID: PMC4407705 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.115.063339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2015] [Accepted: 03/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Dr. Bernard Brodie's legacy is built on fundamental discoveries in pharmacology and drug metabolism that were then translated to the clinic to improve patient care. Similarly, the development of a novel class of therapeutics termed the soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) inhibitors was originally spurred by fundamental research exploring the biochemistry and physiology of the sEH. Here, we present an overview of the history and current state of research on epoxide hydrolases, specifically focusing on sEHs. In doing so, we start with the translational project studying the metabolism of the insect juvenile hormone mimic R-20458 [(E)-6,7-epoxy-1-(4-ethylphenoxy)-3,7-dimethyl-2-octene], which led to the identification of the mammalian sEH. Further investigation of this enzyme and its substrates, including the epoxyeicosatrienoic acids, led to insight into mechanisms of inflammation, chronic and neuropathic pain, angiogenesis, and other physiologic processes. This basic knowledge in turn led to the development of potent inhibitors of the sEH that are promising therapeutics for pain, hypertension, chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder, arthritis, and other disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean D Kodani
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Bruce D Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, California
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Salivo S, Beccaria M, Sullini G, Tranchida PQ, Dugo P, Mondello L. Analysis of human plasma lipids by using comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography with dual detection and with the support of high-resolution time-of-flight mass spectrometry for structural elucidation. J Sep Sci 2014; 38:267-75. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201400844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2014] [Revised: 09/29/2014] [Accepted: 11/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Simona Salivo
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco e Prodotti per la Salute (S.C.I.F.A.R.); University of Messina; Viale Annunziata Messina Italy
| | - Marco Beccaria
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco e Prodotti per la Salute (S.C.I.F.A.R.); University of Messina; Viale Annunziata Messina Italy
| | - Giuseppe Sullini
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco e Prodotti per la Salute (S.C.I.F.A.R.); University of Messina; Viale Annunziata Messina Italy
| | - Peter Q. Tranchida
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco e Prodotti per la Salute (S.C.I.F.A.R.); University of Messina; Viale Annunziata Messina Italy
| | - Paola Dugo
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco e Prodotti per la Salute (S.C.I.F.A.R.); University of Messina; Viale Annunziata Messina Italy
- Centro Integrato di Ricerca (C.I.R.); Università Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, Via Álvaro del Portillo 21; Rome Italy
- Chromaleont s.r.l. A start-up of the University of Messina, c/o Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco e dei Prodotti per la Salute (S.C.I.F.A.R.); University of Messina; Viale Annunziata Messina Italy
| | - Luigi Mondello
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco e Prodotti per la Salute (S.C.I.F.A.R.); University of Messina; Viale Annunziata Messina Italy
- Centro Integrato di Ricerca (C.I.R.); Università Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, Via Álvaro del Portillo 21; Rome Italy
- Chromaleont s.r.l. A start-up of the University of Messina, c/o Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco e dei Prodotti per la Salute (S.C.I.F.A.R.); University of Messina; Viale Annunziata Messina Italy
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Engel T, Fobker M, Buchmann J, Kannenberg F, Rust S, Nofer JR, Schürmann A, Seedorf U. 3β,5α,6β-Cholestanetriol and 25-hydroxycholesterol accumulate in ATP-binding cassette transporter G1 (ABCG1)-deficiency. Atherosclerosis 2014; 235:122-9. [PMID: 24833118 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2014.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2013] [Revised: 04/08/2014] [Accepted: 04/17/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Oxysterols are oxidized derivatives of sterols that have cytotoxic effects and are potent regulators of diverse cellular functions. Efficient oxysterol removal by the sub-family G member 1 of the ATP-binding cassette transporters (ABCG1) is essential for cell survival and control of cellular processes. However, the specific role of ABCG1 in the transport of various oxysterol species has been not systematically investigated to date. Here, we examined the involvement of ABCG1 in the oxysterol metabolism by studying oxysterol tissue levels in a mouse model of Abcg1-deficiency. METHODS AND RESULTS Analysis of lung tissue of Abcg1(-/-) mice on a standard diet revealed that 3β,5α,6β-cholestanetriol (CT) and 25-hydroxycholesterol (HC) accumulated at more than 100-fold higher levels in comparison to wild-type mice. 24S-HC and 27-HC levels were also elevated, but were minor constituents. A radiolabeled assay employing regulable ABCG1-expressing HeLa cell lines revealed that 25-HC export to albumin was dependent on functional ABCG1 expression and could be blocked by an excess of unlabeled 25-HC or 27-HC. In this cell line, 25-HC at low doses triggered mitochondrial membrane potential, and reactive oxygen species production, which are both indirect indicators of cellular energy expenditure. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that 25-HC and CT are physiologic substrates for ABCG1. Excessive accumulation of these oxysterols may explain the increased rate of cell death and the inflammatory phenotype observed in Abcg1-deficient animals and cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Engel
- Leibniz-Institute for Arteriosclerosis Research at The Westphalian Wilhelms-University, 48149 Muenster, Germany.
| | - Manfred Fobker
- Center for Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Jana Buchmann
- German Institute of Human Nutrition, Department of Experimental Diabetology, 14558 Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Germany
| | - Frank Kannenberg
- Center for Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Stephan Rust
- Leibniz-Institute for Arteriosclerosis Research at The Westphalian Wilhelms-University, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Jerzy-Roch Nofer
- Center for Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Annette Schürmann
- German Institute of Human Nutrition, Department of Experimental Diabetology, 14558 Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Germany
| | - Udo Seedorf
- Leibniz-Institute for Arteriosclerosis Research at The Westphalian Wilhelms-University, 48149 Muenster, Germany
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Helmschrodt C, Becker S, Thiery J, Ceglarek U. Preanalytical standardization for reactive oxygen species derived oxysterol analysis in human plasma by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2014; 446:726-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.12.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2013] [Accepted: 12/17/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Khalifa SAM, de Medina P, Erlandsson A, El-Seedi HR, Silvente-Poirot S, Poirot M. The novel steroidal alkaloids dendrogenin A and B promote proliferation of adult neural stem cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2014; 446:681-6. [PMID: 24406163 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.12.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2013] [Accepted: 12/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Dendrogenin A (DDA) and dendrogenin B (DDB) are new aminoalkyl oxysterols which display re-differentiation of tumor cells of neuronal origin at nanomolar concentrations. We analyzed the influence of dendrogenins on adult mice neural stem cell proliferation, sphere formation and differentiation. DDA and DDB were found to have potent proliferative effects in neural stem cells. Additionally, they induce neuronal outgrowth from neurospheres during in vitro cultivation. Taken together, our results demonstrate a novel role for dendrogenins A and B in neural stem cell proliferation and differentiation which further increases their likely importance to compensate for neuronal cell loss in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Philippe de Medina
- Affichem, Toulouse, France; INSERM UMR 1037, Team "Sterol Metabolism and Therapeutic Innovations in Oncology", Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, F-31052 Toulouse, France
| | - Anna Erlandsson
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Hesham R El-Seedi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Biomedical Centre, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sandrine Silvente-Poirot
- INSERM UMR 1037, Team "Sterol Metabolism and Therapeutic Innovations in Oncology", Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, F-31052 Toulouse, France; University of Toulouse III, Toulouse, France; Institut Claudius Regaud, Toulouse, France
| | - Marc Poirot
- INSERM UMR 1037, Team "Sterol Metabolism and Therapeutic Innovations in Oncology", Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, F-31052 Toulouse, France; University of Toulouse III, Toulouse, France; Institut Claudius Regaud, Toulouse, France.
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de Medina P, Paillasse MR, Segala G, Voisin M, Mhamdi L, Dalenc F, Lacroix-Triki M, Filleron T, Pont F, Saati TA, Morisseau C, Hammock BD, Silvente-Poirot S, Poirot M. Dendrogenin A arises from cholesterol and histamine metabolism and shows cell differentiation and anti-tumour properties. Nat Commun 2013; 4:1840. [PMID: 23673625 PMCID: PMC3674249 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms2835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2012] [Accepted: 04/04/2013] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
We previously synthesized dendrogenin A and hypothesized that it could be a natural metabolite occurring in mammals. Here we explore this hypothesis and report the discovery of dendrogenin A in mammalian tissues and normal cells as an enzymatic product of the conjugation of 5,6α-epoxy-cholesterol and histamine. Dendrogenin A was not detected in cancer cell lines and was fivefold lower in human breast tumours compared with normal tissues, suggesting a deregulation of dendrogenin A metabolism during carcinogenesis. We established that dendrogenin A is a selective inhibitor of cholesterol epoxide hydrolase and it triggered tumour re-differentiation and growth control in mice and improved animal survival. The properties of dendrogenin A and its decreased level in tumours suggest a physiological function in maintaining cell integrity and differentiation. The discovery of dendrogenin A reveals a new metabolic pathway at the crossroads of cholesterol and histamine metabolism and the existence of steroidal alkaloids in mammals. It has been hypothesized that the steroidal alkaloid dendrogenin A (DDA) is a natural metabolite. de Medina et al. show that DDA is produced in mammalian tissues from 5,6α-epoxy-cholesterol and histamine metabolism, and that the compound displays cell differentiation and anti-tumour activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe de Medina
- INSERM UMR 1037, Team Sterol Metabolism and Therapeutic Innovations in Oncology, Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, F-31052 Toulouse, France
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Helmschrodt C, Becker S, Schröter J, Hecht M, Aust G, Thiery J, Ceglarek U. Fast LC–MS/MS analysis of free oxysterols derived from reactive oxygen species in human plasma and carotid plaque. Clin Chim Acta 2013; 425:3-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2013.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2013] [Revised: 06/23/2013] [Accepted: 06/24/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Segala G, de Medina P, Iuliano L, Zerbinati C, Paillasse MR, Noguer E, Dalenc F, Payré B, Jordan VC, Record M, Silvente-Poirot S, Poirot M. 5,6-Epoxy-cholesterols contribute to the anticancer pharmacology of tamoxifen in breast cancer cells. Biochem Pharmacol 2013; 86:175-89. [PMID: 23500540 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2013.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2012] [Revised: 02/21/2013] [Accepted: 02/27/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Tamoxifen (Tam) is a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) that remains one of the major drugs used in the hormonotherapy of breast cancer (BC). In addition to its SERM activity, we recently showed that the oxidative metabolism of cholesterol plays a role in its anticancer pharmacology. We established that these effects were not regulated by the ER but by the microsomal antiestrogen binding site/cholesterol-5,6-epoxide hydrolase complex (AEBS/ChEH). The present study aimed to identify the oxysterols that are produced under Tam treatment and to define their mechanisms of action. Tam and PBPE (a selective AEBS/ChEH ligand) stimulated the production and the accumulation of 5,6α-epoxy-cholesterol (5,6α-EC), 5,6α-epoxy-cholesterol-3β-sulfate (5,6-ECS), 5,6β-epoxy-cholesterol (5,6β-EC) in MCF-7 cells through a ROS-dependent mechanism, by inhibiting ChEH and inducing sulfation of 5,6α-EC by SULT2B1b. We showed that only 5,6α-EC was responsible for the induction of triacylglycerol (TAG) biosynthesis by Tam and PBPE, through the modulation of the oxysterol receptor LXRβ. The cytotoxicity mediated by Tam and PBPE was triggered by 5,6β-EC through an LXRβ-independent route and by 5,6-ECS through an LXRβ-dependent mechanism. The importance of SULT2B1b was confirmed by its ectopic expression in the SULT2B1b(-) MDA-MB-231 cells, which became sensitive to 5,6α-EC, Tam or PBPE at a comparable level to MCF-7 cells. This study established that 5,6-EC metabolites contribute to the anticancer pharmacology of Tam and highlights a novel signaling pathway that points to a rationale for re-sensitizing BC cells to Tam and AEBS/ChEH ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory Segala
- UMR 1037 INSERM-University Toulouse III, Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, France
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Silvente-Poirot S, Poirot M. Cholesterol epoxide hydrolase and cancer. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2012; 12:696-703. [DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2012.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2012] [Revised: 07/09/2012] [Accepted: 07/11/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Poirot M, Silvente-Poirot S, Weichselbaum RR. Cholesterol metabolism and resistance to tamoxifen. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2012; 12:683-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2012.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2012] [Revised: 09/10/2012] [Accepted: 09/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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