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Huang J, Qi Z. MiR-21 mediates the protection of kaempferol against hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced cardiomyocyte injury via promoting Notch1/PTEN/AKT signaling pathway. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0241007. [PMID: 33151961 PMCID: PMC7644004 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0241007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Kaempferol, a natural flavonoid compound, possesses potent myocardial protective property in ischemia/reperfusion (I/R), but the underlying mechanism is not well understood. The present study was aimed to explore whether miR-21 contributes to the cardioprotective effect of kaempferol on hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R)-induced H9c2 cell injury via regulating Notch/phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN)/Akt signaling pathway. Results revealed that kaempferol obviously attenuates H/R-induced the damages of H9c2 cells as evidence by the up-regulation of cell viability, the down-regulation of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity, the reduction of apoptosis rate and pro-apoptotic protein (Bax) expression, and the increases of anti-apoptotic protein (Bcl-2) expression. In addition, kaempferol enhanced miR-21 level in H9c2 cells exposed to H/R, and inhibition of miR-21 induced by transfection with miR-21 inhibitor significantly blocked the protection of kaempferol against H/R-induced H9c2 cell injury. Furthermore, kaempferol eliminated H/R-induced oxidative stress and inflammatory response as illustrated by the decreases in reactive oxygen species generation and malondialdehyde content, the increases in antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities, the decreases in pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-8 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels, and an increase in anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 level, while these effects of kaempferol were all reversed by miR-21 inhibitor. Moreover, results elicited that kaempferol remarkably blocks H/R-induced the down-regulation of Notch1 expression, the up-regulation of PTEN expression, and the reduction of P-Akt/Akt, indicating that kaempferol promotes Notch1/PTEN/AKT signaling pathway, and knockdown of Notch1/PTEN/AKT signaling pathway induced by Notch1 siRNA also abolished the protection of kaempferol against H/R-induced the damage of H9c2 cells. Notably, miR-21 inhibitor alleviated the promotion of kaempferol on Notch/PTEN/Akt signaling pathways in H9c2 cells exposed to H/R. Taken together, these above findings suggested thatmiR-21 mediates the protection of kaempferol against H/R-induced H9c2 cell injuryvia promoting Notch/PTEN/Akt signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxi Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi, P.R. China
- * E-mail:
| | - Zhenhui Qi
- Department of Cardiology, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi, P.R. China
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Role of Flavonoids in The Interactions among Obesity, Inflammation, and Autophagy. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2020; 13:ph13110342. [PMID: 33114725 PMCID: PMC7692407 DOI: 10.3390/ph13110342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, obesity is considered as one of the main concerns for public health worldwide, since it encompasses up to 39% of overweight and 13% obese (WHO) adults. It develops because of the imbalance in the energy intake/expenditure ratio, which leads to excess nutrients and results in dysfunction of adipose tissue. The hypertrophy of adipocytes and the nutrients excess trigger the induction of inflammatory signaling through various pathways, among others, an increase in the expression of pro-inflammatory adipocytokines, and stress of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). A better understanding of obesity and preventing its complications are beneficial for obese patients on two facets: treating obesity, and treating and preventing the pathologies associated with it. Hitherto, therapeutic itineraries in most cases are based on lifestyle modifications, bariatric surgery, and pharmacotherapy despite none of them have achieved optimal results. Therefore, diet can play an important role in the prevention of adiposity, as well as the associated disorders. Recent results have shown that flavonoids intake have an essential role in protecting against oxidative damage phenomena, and presents biochemical and pharmacological functions beneficial to human health. This review summarizes the current knowledge of the anti-inflammatory actions and autophagic flux of natural flavonoids, and their molecular mechanisms for preventing and/or treating obesity.
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Hu Y, Wang X, Li Q, Pan Y, Xu L. Salvianolic acid B alleviates myocardial ischemic injury by promoting mitophagy and inhibiting activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. Mol Med Rep 2020; 22:5199-5208. [PMID: 33174042 PMCID: PMC7646978 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemic heart disease is a major cause of mortality and disability worldwide. Salvianolic acid B (Sal B) is one of the main water-soluble components of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge. Numerous studies have demonstrated that Sal B could exert significant anti-inflammatory and cardiovascular protective effects; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. To elucidate the association between myocardial ischemia and inflammation, and to develop effective protective drugs, a rat model of myocardial ischemia was induced using isoproterenol (ISO) and an inflammation model in H9C2 cells was induced with lipopolysaccharide + adenosine triphosphate. Both of these models were treated with different concentrations of Sal B (5, 10 and 15 mg/kg in vivo; 1, 5 and 25 µM in vitro). In vivo, the serum levels of creatine kinase isoenzyme MB, glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase and IL-1β, the cardiac function and the mRNA expression levels of NLR family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome components were evaluated using ELISAs, an electrocardiogram, hematoxylin and eosin staining and reverse transcription-quantitative PCR, respectively. The results demonstrated that treatment with Sal B markedly alleviated the acute myocardial ischemic injury induced by hypodermic injection of ISO in rats. In vitro, the results of reactive oxygen species (ROS) detection, JC-1 staining, western blotting and TUNEL assays showed that Sal B treatment significantly inhibited intracellular ROS production, increased the mitochondrial membrane potential, regulated the expression of mitophagy-related proteins, inhibited the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and inhibited apoptosis in H9C2 cells. In conclusion, these findings indicated that Sal B exerted protective effects against myocardial ischemic injury by promoting mitophagy and maintaining mitochondrial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Hu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P.R. China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P.R. China
| | - Qingju Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P.R. China
| | - Yunzheng Pan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P.R. China
| | - Li Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P.R. China
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Oyagbemi AA, Adejumobi OA, Ajibade TO, Asenuga ER, Afolabi JM, Ogunpolu BS, Falayi OO, Hassan FO, Nabofa EW, Olutayo Omobowale T, Ola-Davies OE, Saba AB, Adedapo AA, Oguntibeju OO, Yakubu MA. Luteolin Attenuates Glycerol-Induced Acute Renal Failure and Cardiac Complications Through Modulation of Kim-1/NF-κB/Nrf2 Signaling Pathways. J Diet Suppl 2020; 18:543-565. [PMID: 32938255 DOI: 10.1080/19390211.2020.1811442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Acute renal failure (ARF) has been documented as a life-threatening disease with high morbidity and mortality. We investigated the protective effect of Luteolin against ARF. In this study, forty-male Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into four groups (n = 10). Group A received normal saline. Group B received glycerol (10 ml/kg BW, 50% v/v in sterile saline, i.m.). Groups C and D were pretreated with Luteolin 100 and 200 mg/kg for 7 days, and thereafter administered Glycerol (10 ml/kg BW, 50% v/v in sterile saline, i.m.). Administration of glycerol significantly increased systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and mean arterial pressure. Renal protein carbonyl and xanthine oxidase increased significantly while significant reduction in the activity of renal glutathione peroxidase, glutathione S-transferase and glutathione reductase was observed in the glycerol intoxicated rats. Furthermore, administration of glycerol led to significant increases in serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen together with reduction in nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability. Immunohistochemistry revealed that glycerol intoxication enhanced expressions of kidney injury molecule 1, nuclear factor kappa beta and cardiac troponin (CTnI). However, Luteolin pretreatment normalized blood pressure, reduced markers of oxidative stress, renal damage, and improved NO bioavailability. Luteolin also downregulated the expressions of kidney injury molecule 1, nuclear factor kappa beta and cardiac troponin. Together, Luteolin might open a novel therapeutic window for the treatment of acute renal failure and cardiac complication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ademola Adetokunbo Oyagbemi
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Olumuyiwa Abiola Adejumobi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Temitayo Olabisi Ajibade
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Ebunoluwa Racheal Asenuga
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria
| | | | - Blessing Seun Ogunpolu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Olufunke Olubunmi Falayi
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Fasilat Oluwakemi Hassan
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Enivwenaye Williams Nabofa
- Department of Physiology, Ben-Carson (Snr) School of Medicine, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Temidayo Olutayo Omobowale
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Olufunke Eunice Ola-Davies
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Adebowale Benard Saba
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Adeolu Alex Adedapo
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Oluwafemi Omoniyi Oguntibeju
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Wellness Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Bellville, South Africa
| | - Momoh Audu Yakubu
- Department of Environmental & Interdisciplinary Sciences, College of Science, Engineering & Technology, Vascular Biology Unit, Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, COPHS, Texas Southern University, Houston, TX, USA
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Activation of NLRP3 inflammasome in RAW 264.7 cells by polysaccharides extracted from Grateloupia livida (Harv.) Yamada. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 85:106630. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Ye J, Lu S, Wang M, Ge W, Liu H, Qi Y, Fu J, Zhang Q, Zhang B, Sun G, Sun X. Hydroxysafflor Yellow A Protects Against Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury via Suppressing NLRP3 Inflammasome and Activating Autophagy. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:1170. [PMID: 32848777 PMCID: PMC7406911 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.01170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R) injury is a serious threat to human health. Hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA), the main water-soluble ingredient extracted from Carthami flos (Carthamus tinctorius L.), has therapeutic potential for treating MI/R injury. However, the mechanisms of HSYA−mediated protection from MI/R injury are incompletely understood. In the present study, we investigated the effects and the underlying mechanisms of HSYA during MI/R. Adult Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to left anterior descending artery ligation for 30 min followed by 24 h of reperfusion with or without HSYA treatment. The protective effect of HSYA was detected by 2,3,5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining, hematoxylin eosin (HE) staining, and myocardial enzymes detections. Serum levels of inflammatory factors such as TNF-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-18, were detected using ELISA kits. The expression of NLRP3 and other related proteins in the myocardium was detected by western blot and immunohistochemistry. The expression of autophagy-related proteins, including Atg5, BECN1, P62, and LC3B, was detected by western blot to evaluate the effect of HSYA on autophagy. Results showed that HSYA decreased the myocardial infarct size and attenuated the cardiac dysfunction in rats after I/R. In addition, HSYA inhibited myocardial apoptosis compared with the I/R group, decreased the levels of inflammatory cytokines in rat serum, reduced NLRP3 inflammasome expression, and induced autophagy. Mechanistically, our results demonstrated that HSYA can activate AMPK to improve autophagy and inhibit NLRP3 inflammasome by inhibiting the mTOR pathway. This work provides strong data supporting for the clinical applications of HSYA in MI/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingxue Ye
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shan Lu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Min Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wenxiu Ge
- College of Pharmacy, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, China
| | - Haitao Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yaodong Qi
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jianhua Fu
- Pneumology Department, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qiong Zhang
- Pneumology Department, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bengang Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Guibo Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaobo Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Wang F, Gao Q, Yang J, Wang C, Cao J, Sun J, Fan Z, Fu L. Artemisinin suppresses myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury via NLRP3 inflammasome mechanism. Mol Cell Biochem 2020; 474:171-180. [PMID: 32729005 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-020-03842-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Artemisinin is known for its pharmaceutical effect against malaria and received increased attention for its other potential function. Mounting evidence suggest that artemisinin could also exert cardioprotective effects while the understanding of its regulatory mechanism is still limited. This study is designed to investigate the role of artemisinin in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury and the involvement of NLRP3 inflammasome. Artemisinin was administrated for 14 consecutive days intragastrically before I/R injury. Cardiac function was assessed by echocardiography. Infarct area was observed through HE and TTC staining. Apoptosis and autophagy were assessed by TUNEL and Western blotting. The artemisinin-treated myocardial I/R rats demonstrated less severe myocardial I/R injury (smaller infarct size and lower CK-MB, LDH), significant inhibition of cardiac autophagy (decreased LC3II/I and increased p62), improved mitochondrial electron transport chain activity, concomitant with decreased activation of NLRP3 inflammasome (decreased NLRP3, ASC, cleaved caspase-1, IL-1β). In conclusion, our findings further confirmed that activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway is involved in myocardial I/R injury, whereas artemisinin preconditioning could effectively protect against myocardial I/R injury through suppression of NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Therefore, the NLRP3 inflammasome might serve as a promising therapeutic target providing new mechanisms for understanding the effect of artemisinin during the evolution of myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengyue Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Qianping Gao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Can Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Junxian Cao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Junfeng Sun
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Zhixin Fan
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Lu Fu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, China.
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Huoxin Pill Attenuates Cardiac Inflammation by Suppression of TLR4/NF- κB in Acute Myocardial Ischemia Injury Rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:7905902. [PMID: 32695212 PMCID: PMC7368223 DOI: 10.1155/2020/7905902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Huoxin Pill (HXP), a traditional Chinese medicine, has been prescribed widely in the treatment of coronary heart disease, angina pectoris, and other diseases. However, the possible protective mechanisms of HXP on myocardial ischemia remain unclear. In the current study, we investigated the effects and potential mechanism of HXP on myocardial ischemia and cardiac inflammation and the activation of TLR4/NF-κB pathway. Determination of electrocardiogram, echocardiography, and heart weight index (HWI) indicated that HXP treatment obviously attenuated the elevation of ST-segment, end-diastolic volume, and HWI in the AMI rat model. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) demonstrated that Huoxin Pill treatment significantly decreased the levels of CTnT, CK-MB, MDA, IL-6, and TNF-α, while it increased SOD content in serum of the AMI rat model. Moreover, hematoxylin and eosin (HE) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining revealed that HXP treatment alleviated pathological change, infiltration of inflammatory cells, levels of IL-6 and TNF-α, and expression of TLR4 and p-NF-κB in cardiac tissues of the AMI rat model. In conclusion, HXP treatment significantly improves cardiac function and attenuates cardiac inflammation by suppressing the activation of TLR4/NF-κB pathway in the ISO-induced AMI rat model. This study provides insights into the potential of HXP on prevention and treatment of AMI.
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Liu Y, Wu X, Jin W, Guo Y. Immunomodulatory Effects of a Low-Molecular Weight Polysaccharide from Enteromorpha prolifera on RAW 264.7 Macrophages and Cyclophosphamide- Induced Immunosuppression Mouse Models. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:md18070340. [PMID: 32605327 PMCID: PMC7401259 DOI: 10.3390/md18070340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The water-soluble polysaccharide EP2, from Enteromorpha prolifera, belongs to the group of polysaccharides known as glucuronoxylorhamnan, which mainly contains glucuronic acid (GlcA), xylose (Xyl), and rhamnose (Rha). The aim of this study was to detect the immunomodulatory effects of EP2 on RAW 264.7 macrophages and cyclophosphamide (CYP)-induced immunosuppression mouse models. The cells were treated with EP2 for different time periods (0, 0.5, 1, 3, and 6 h). The results showed that EP2 promoted nitric oxide production and up-regulated the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α, in a time-dependent manner. Furthermore, we found that EP2-activated iNOS, COX2, and NLRP3 inflammasomes, and the TLR4/MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway played an important role. Moreover, EP2 significantly increased the body weight, spleen index, thymus index, inflammatory cell counts, and the levels of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in CYP-induced immunosuppression mouse models. These results indicate that EP2 might be a potential immunomodulatory drug and provide the scientific basis for the comprehensive utilization and evaluation of E. prolifera in future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjuan Liu
- Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; (Y.L.); (X.W.)
| | - Xiaolin Wu
- Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; (Y.L.); (X.W.)
| | - Weihua Jin
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
- Correspondence: (W.J.); (Y.G.); Tel.: +86-532-8299-1711 (Y.G.)
| | - Yunliang Guo
- Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; (Y.L.); (X.W.)
- Correspondence: (W.J.); (Y.G.); Tel.: +86-532-8299-1711 (Y.G.)
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RP105 plays a cardioprotective role in myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury by regulating the Toll‑like receptor 2/4 signaling pathways. Mol Med Rep 2020; 22:1373-1381. [PMID: 32626996 PMCID: PMC7339787 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The revascularization of blood vessels after myocardial infarction can lead to serious myocardial damage. Previous studies showed that radioprotective 105 kDa protein (RP105) is a specific negative regulator of myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury (MIRI). RP105 can modulate the Toll-like receptor (TLR)2/TLR4 signaling pathways. However, the synergistic effect of TLR2/4 regulated by RP105 during MIRI requires further investigation. To determine this effect, a MIRI model was established in rats in the present study. The expression of RP105 was depleted by transfecting RP105-siRNA and then detected using western blotting. Furthermore, the myocardium tissue was stained with the hematoxylin and eosin staining. Knockdown of RP105 promoted the activity of serum myocardial enzymes during MIRI and increased myocardial infarction. The present results indicated that knockdown of RP105 activated the TLR2/4 signaling pathway by modulating the myeloid differentiation primary response 88 and NF-κB signaling pathways. Furthermore, decreased expression of RP105 promoted myocardial cell apoptosis, which induced the damage of myocardial ischemic reperfusion. The present results suggested both TLR2 and TLR4 as key targets of RP105, thus RP105 may be a promising candidate to facilitate the development of novel therapeutic strategies for MIRI.
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Xu T, Zhang K, Kan F, Li F, Yu B, Du W, Nie H. Adeno-associated Virus 9-mediated Small RNA Interference of TLR4 Alleviates Myocardial Ischemia and Reperfusion Injury by Inhibition of the NF-κB and MAPK Signaling Pathways in Rats. Curr Mol Med 2020; 19:127-135. [PMID: 30854968 DOI: 10.2174/1566524019666190311122521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite intensive investigation, effective therapeutic procedures for myocardial I/R injury are still in demand. OBJECTIVE To explore the effect of adeno-associated virus 9 (AAV9)-mediated small interfering RNA targeting TLR4 in the treatment of myocardial ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) injury and its influence on the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways. METHODS Rats were divided into 3 groups, namely, the sham, AAV9-siRNA control, and AAV9-TLR4 siRNA groups. siRNA solution or normal saline was injected through the tail vain. The rat myocardial I/R injury model was then established. HE staining and TUNEL staining were applied to compare the pathological changes in cardiomyocytes in the three groups. Immunohistochemical staining and western blotting were utilized to detect TLR4 expression under siRNA interference. Serum inflammatory factor (IL-1β, TNF-α) expression was determined by an ELISA commercial kit. Key proteins in the MAPK (p38, JNK 1/2) and NF-κB (p65) signaling pathways were determined to identify the TLR4 siRNA functional mechanism. RESULTS Fluorescence microscopic images of the myocardium indicated that AAV9- mediated siRNA was efficiently transfected into the myocardium, and the infarcted size after I/R injury was decreased by AAV9-TLR4 siRNA when compared with negative control rats (P<0.05). TLR4 protein expression was significantly decreased by siRNA interference (P<0.001). Apoptosis-related factor BCL-2 expression was increased in the TLR4 gene silencing group, whereas Bax expression was decreased. The Bax/BCL-2 ratio was also decreased, demonstrating a protective effect for cardiomyocytes. Inflammatory factors were lower in the TLR4 gene silencing group than in the siRNA control group (P<0.001). The MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways were activated in myocardial I/R injury; however, the primary proteins in these two signaling pathways were downregulated upon interference of TLR4 siRNA, with significant differences (P<0.05). CONCLUSION AAV9-TLR4 siRNA has a positive effect on myocardial I/R injury by inhibiting the MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways and can be used as a potential therapeutic method for myocardial I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Xu
- Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Kuikui Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | | | - Fengqin Li
- Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Bo Yu
- Department of Cardiology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Wenjuan Du
- Department of Cardiology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Honggang Nie
- Department of Cardiology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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Yuan T, Yang Z, Xian S, Chen Y, Wang L, Chen W, Long W, Che Y. Dexmedetomidine-mediated regulation of miR-17-3p in H9C2 cells after hypoxia/reoxygenation injury. Exp Ther Med 2020; 20:917-925. [PMID: 32742334 PMCID: PMC7388268 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.8775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with heart disease often suffer from ischemia, which can be treated by reperfusion. However, this treatment can lead to the development of ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, an inflammatory condition that can cause further heart damage. Dexmedetomidine (Dex), an α2-adrenoceptor agonist, and the microRNA (miR)-17-3p, have both been suggested to alleviate I/R injury and cardiac tissue inflammation. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether Dex and miR-17-3p could act together to prevent I/R injury. H9C2 cells, a myoblast cell line used as a model of rat cardiomyocytes, were cultured in a hypoxic environment for 3 h, and then reoxygenated for 3 h. This hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) was used to model I/R. Cell Counting kit-8 was used to determine cell viability and an annexin V-FITC/propidium iodide apoptosis kit used to analyze cell apoptosis. A dual luciferase reporter assay was used to determine the interaction between miR-17-3p and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). Western blotting and reverse transcription-quantitative PCR were used to determine protein levels and mRNA expression of TLR4 and galectin-3. A concentration of 0.1-10 µmol/l Dex attenuated H/R injury, which was accompanied by increased miR-17-3p levels. Additionally, the inhibition of miR-17-3p exacerbated H/R injury and reduced the effect of Dex on H/R injury. H/R led to an increased galectin-3 level compared with that in control cells, and Dex or miR-17-3p inhibitor did not markedly affect the level of galectin-3, indicating that Dex alleviated the effects of I/R injury through other pathways. Inhibition of miR-17-3p in Dex-induced H9C2 cells during H/R increased the expression of inflammatory mediators including tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β and phosphorylated NFκB subunit p65, while Dex reduced the H/R-induced expression of these inflammatory mediators. Inhibition of TLR4 also attenuated H/R injury. In summary, the findings of the present study indicated that Dex reduced H/R injury in H9C2 cell via the modulation of inflammatory signaling pathways, and these inflammatory factors could be regulated by miR-17-3p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianhui Yuan
- Department of Drug Clinical Trials, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510405, P.R. China.,Clinical Research Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510405, P.R. China.,Phase I Program, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510405, P.R. China
| | - Zhongqi Yang
- Department of Drug Clinical Trials, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510405, P.R. China.,Clinical Research Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510405, P.R. China.,Phase I Program, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510405, P.R. China
| | - Shaoxiang Xian
- Department of Chinese Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510405, P.R. China
| | - Yang Chen
- School of Pharmaceuticals, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510405, P.R. China
| | - Lingjun Wang
- Lingnan Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510405, P.R. China
| | - Weitao Chen
- Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510405, P.R. China
| | - Wenjie Long
- College of First Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510405, P.R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Che
- Department of Cardiology, Zaozhuang Municipal Hospital, Zaozhuang, Shandong 277102, P.R. China
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Chen QF, Wang W, Huang Z, Huang DL. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α attenuates myocardial inflammatory injury in rats induced by coronary microembolization. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2020; 92:e20190658. [PMID: 32428089 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202020190658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
To investigated the role of HIF-1α in myocardial inflammatory injury in rats induced by CME and its possible mechanism. Forty SD rats were separated randomly and equally into four groups, i.e. CME+HIF-1α stabilizer dimethyloxalyl glycine (CME+DMOG) group, CME+HIF-1α inhibitor YC-1 (CME+YC-1) group, CME group, and Sham group. HBFP staining, myocardial enzyme assessment, and cardiac ultrasound were used to measure microinfarct, serum c-troponin I (cTnI) level, and Cardiac function. ELISA and western blot were applied for detecting NLRP3 inflammasome pathway and TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling level.Pro-inflammatory factors of IL-18, IL-1β and TNF-α increased their expression levels after CME, which indicated inflammatory responses in the myocardium. Additionally, in the inflammatory process, NLRP3 inflammasome and TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling were involved. DMOG reverses these effects of CME, whereas YC-1 aggravates these effects. HIF-1α may attenuate myocardial inflammatory injury induced by CME and improve cardiac function, which can perhaps be explained by the fact that TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway activation is inhibited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan-Fang Chen
- the First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, China
| | - Wei Wang
- the First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, China
| | - Zhou Huang
- the First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, China
| | - Dong-Ling Huang
- the First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, China
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Gao H, Wang X, Qu X, Zhai J, Tao L, Zhang Y, Song Y, Zhang W. Omeprazole attenuates cisplatin-induced kidney injury through suppression of the TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway. Toxicology 2020; 440:152487. [PMID: 32418911 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2020.152487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Renal toxicity is the primary factor that limits clinical use of cisplatin (CP). A previous study showed that omeprazole (OME) protected against CP-induced toxicity in human renal tubular HK-2 cells and rat kidneys. However, the protective mechanisms of OME have not been characterized. We evaluated the ability of OME to inhibit CP-induced inflammation, and characterized the pathways responsible for this effect. Rats were randomly divided into five groups (n = 10/group). The OME groups were intraperitoneally injected with 1.8 or 3.6 mg OME /kg body weight once daily for 5 days. One hour after final administration of vehicle or OME, all rats (except those in control group and OME alone group) were intraperitoneally injected with 15 mg/kg CP. Twenty-four hours after CP injection, the surgery was applied. The time points and dosing of OME and CP were calculated based on previous studies and the therapeutic dose for patients. Omeprazole attenuated CP-induced apoptosis and damage in vivo and in vitro, as evidenced by increased cell viability and prevention of structural damage. Omeprazole ameliorated CP-induced renal injury through inhibition of NF-κB activation and IκBα degradation, and down-regulation of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and Nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3). Lipopolysaccharide, a TLR4 agonist, was used to verify this mechanism. The results indicated that OME inhibited CP-induced expression of inflammatory proteins, and this effect was blunted by co-treatment with LPS in HK-2 cells. These findings suggested that the protective effects of OME against CP-induced kidney damage may occur through inhibition of the TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway. This study provided evidence that OME may be a promising agent to inhibit CP-induced nephrotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Gao
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, PR China
| | - Xiangfeng Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, PR China
| | - Xiaoyu Qu
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, PR China
| | - Jinghui Zhai
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, PR China
| | - Lina Tao
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, PR China
| | - Yueming Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, PR China
| | - Yanqing Song
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, PR China.
| | - Wenrui Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, PR China.
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65
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Lin ZP, Lin HL, Yu XP, Zheng YJ, Cheng SY. TLR4 mediates inflammation and hepatic fibrosis induced by chronic intermittent hypoxia in rats. Mol Med Rep 2020; 22:651-660. [PMID: 32626927 PMCID: PMC7339543 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is a common and complex disorder that is associated with liver injury. Moreover, previous studies have revealed that chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) is associated with the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and hepatic fibrosis. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain largely unknown. The present study aimed to investigate whether chronic intermittent hypoxia induced hepatic fibrosis, in addition to determining its underlying mechanisms, in CIH model rats using immunohistochemistry, western blotting and reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. The present results suggested that CIH caused hepatic fibrosis and increased the expression levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-8, monocyte chemotactic-1, tumor necrosis factor-α, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 in the liver; these conditions could be reversed by Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) short hairpin RNA lentivirus treatment. Moreover, immunohistochemistry and western blotting results indicated that TLR4 and NF-κB expression levels were significantly increased in the CIH and CIH-TLR4 empty vector lentivirus group. However, protein expression levels of TLR4, NF-κB, inhibitor of NF-κB and phosphorylated-mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)-1 in the hypoxia/reoxygenation group were significantly higher compared with the control group (P<0.05), and these results were reversed by the MAPK inhibitor U0126 in vitro. Collectively, the present preliminary results suggested that inflammation and the TLR4/NF-κB/MAPK signaling pathway may be involved in CIH-induced liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Peng Lin
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Quanzhou Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, P.R. China
| | - Hui-Li Lin
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, P.R. China
| | - Xue-Ping Yu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Quanzhou Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, P.R. China
| | - Yi-Juan Zheng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Quanzhou Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, P.R. China
| | - Si-Yu Cheng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Quanzhou Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, P.R. China
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Chu X, Zhang Y, Xue Y, Li Z, Shi J, Wang H, Chu L. Crocin protects against cardiotoxicity induced by doxorubicin through TLR-2/NF-κB signal pathway in vivo and vitro. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 84:106548. [PMID: 32388215 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX) is widely used to treat multiple of tumors, but its clinical trials are allied with some serious adverse events mainly cardiac functional abnormalities. So the objective of our investigation is to identify the cardioprotective action of crocin (CRO), a natural compound derived from saffron, against DOX-induced cardiotoxicity. CRO was injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) to rats for sixconsecutive days and DOX (i.p.) was administered on the fourth day. H9c2 cells were treated with DOX for 24 h after being pre-treated by CRO for 2 h. CROreduced tachycardiaand J-point elevation,decreased the levelsof serum creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase,glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase and glutamic-pyruvic transaminase.CRO exerted positive effect on DOX-induced ROS productionand changes of oxidative stress biomarkers. CRO significantlydecreased intracellular Ca2+ concentration andincreased mitochondria membrane potentialin H9c2 cells. CRO also resisted the DOX-induced high expressionof tumor necrosis factor-αand interleukin-6, inhibitedapoptosisand improved the abnormal expression levels of Bcl-2, Bax and Caspase-3 proteins.CRO obviously restrained DOX-mediatedhigh expression of toll-like receptor-2 (TLR-2) and nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) in ventricular tissue. Inbrief,CRO distinctly restrained DOX-mediated cardiotoxicity by inhibiting oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptoticandredressingcardiomyocyte calcium dyshomeostasis and mitochondria damage.These cardioprotective effects may berelated closely with the TLR2/NF-κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Chu
- The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, Hebei, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, Hebei, China
| | - Yucong Xue
- School of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, Hebei, China
| | - Ziliang Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, Hebei, China
| | - Jing Shi
- The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, Hebei, China.
| | - Hongfang Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, Hebei, China.
| | - Li Chu
- School of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, Hebei, China.
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67
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Gentianella acuta prevents acute myocardial infarction induced by isoproterenol in rats via inhibition of galectin-3/TLR4/MyD88/NF-кB inflammatory signalling. Inflammopharmacology 2020; 29:205-219. [PMID: 32356088 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-020-00708-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Gentianella acuta (G. acuta), as a folk medicine, was used to treat heart disease by the Ewenki people in Inner Mongolia. However, the effect of G. acuta on acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is not clear. To explore the mechanisms of G. acuta on isoproterenol (ISO)-induced AMI, rats were administered G. acuta for 28 days, then injected intraperitoneally with ISO (85 mg/kg) on days 29 and 30. An electrocardiogram helped to evaluate the myocardial injury. Serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatinine kinase (CK) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels were evaluated, and haematoxylin eosin, Masson's trichrome staining and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labelling (TUNEL) staining were used to detect myocardial histological changes. Radioimmunoassay was used to measure serum tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) and interleukin (IL)-6. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit was used to analyse serum galectin-3 (Gal-3) levels. Immunohistochemistry, Western blotting and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction were used to examine relevant molecular events. The results revealed that pre-treatment with G. acuta decreased the elevation in the ST segment; reduced serum LDH, CK and AST levels; alleviated cardiac structure disorder; and reduced inflammatory infiltration, abnormal collagen deposition and cardiomyocyte apoptosis that were induced by ISO. Furthermore, pre-treatment with G. acuta inhibited serum Gal-3 levels and Gal-3 expression in heart tissue, and also impeded TLR4/MyD88/NF-кB signalling activation, which ultimately prevented the expression of inflammatory cytokines. The study indicated that pre-treatment with G. acuta protects against ISO-induced AMI, and the protective role may be related to inhibiting Gal-3/TLR4/MyD88/NF-кB inflammatory signalling.
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68
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Owona BA, Abia WA, Moundipa PF. Natural compounds flavonoids as modulators of inflammasomes in chronic diseases. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 84:106498. [PMID: 32304996 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The use of dietary or medicinal plant based natural compounds to disease treatment has become a unique trend in clinical research. Flavonoids, a group of polyphenolic compounds have drawn significant attention due to their modulatory effects on inflammasomes associated with the initiation and progression of chronic disorders including metabolic, neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. In this article, the role of most commonly studied natural flavonoids with their disease-specific impact via inflammasomes as a potential molecular target has been described. Since the role of inflammation is evident in multiple diseases, flavonoids may serve as a promising tool in drug discovery for the intervention of chronic diseases by manipulating the status of inflammation via inflammasome targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brice Ayissi Owona
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Toxicology, PO 812 AEFAS Faculty of Science, University of Yaounde I, Cameroon.
| | - Wilfred Angie Abia
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Toxicology, PO 812 AEFAS Faculty of Science, University of Yaounde I, Cameroon
| | - Paul Fewou Moundipa
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Toxicology, PO 812 AEFAS Faculty of Science, University of Yaounde I, Cameroon
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Liu TH, Chen WH, Chen XD, Liang QE, Tao WC, Jin Z, Xiao Y, Chen LG. Network Pharmacology Identifies the Mechanisms of Action of TaohongSiwu Decoction Against Essential Hypertension. Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e920682. [PMID: 32187175 PMCID: PMC7102407 DOI: 10.12659/msm.920682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND TaohongSiwu decoction (THSWT), a traditional herbal formula, has been used to treat cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases such as essential hypertension (EH) in China. However, the pharmacological mechanism is not clear. To investigate the mechanisms of THSWT in the treatment of EH, we performed compounds, targets prediction and network analysis using a network pharmacology method. MATERIAL AND METHODS We selected chemical constituents and targets of THSWT according to TCMSP and UniProtKB databases and collected therapeutic targets on EH from Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM), Drugbank and DisGeNET databases. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) was analyzed by using String database. Then network was constructed by using Cytoscape_v3.7.1, and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment was performed by using Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) software. RESULTS The results of our network pharmacology research showed that the THSWT, composed of 6 Chinese herbs, contained 15 compounds, and 23 genes regulated the main signaling pathways related to EH. Moreover, the PPI network based on targets of THSWT on EH revealed the interaction relationship between targets. These core compounds were 6 of the 15 disease-related compounds in the network, kaempferol, quercetin, luteolin, Myricanone, beta-sitosterol, baicalein, and the core genes contained ADRB2, CALM1, HMOX1, JUN, PPARG, and VEGFA, which were regulated by more than 3 compounds and significantly associated with Calcium signaling pathway, cGMP-PKG signaling pathway, cAMP signaling pathway, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, Rap1 signaling pathway, and Ras signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS This network pharmacological study can reveal potential mechanisms of multi-target and multi-component THSWT in the treatment of EH, provide a scientific basis for studying the mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Hao Liu
- Chinese Medicine College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - Wei-Hao Chen
- Chinese Medicine College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - Xu-Dong Chen
- Chinese Medicine College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - Qiu-Er Liang
- Chinese Medicine College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - Wen-Cong Tao
- Chinese Medicine College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - Zhen Jin
- Chinese Medicine College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - Ya Xiao
- Chinese Medicine College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - Li-Guo Chen
- Chinese Medicine College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland)
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Dai Y, Wang S, Chang S, Ren D, Shali S, Li C, Yang H, Huang Z, Ge J. M2 macrophage-derived exosomes carry microRNA-148a to alleviate myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury via inhibiting TXNIP and the TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 inflammasome signaling pathway. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2020; 142:65-79. [PMID: 32087217 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2020.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reperfusion may cause injuries to the myocardium in ischemia situation. Emerging studies suggest that exosomes may serve as key mediators in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R) injury. OBJECTIVE The study was conducted to figure out the mechanism of M2 macrophage-derived exosomes (M2-exos) in MI/R injury with the involvement of microRNA-148a (miR-148a). METHODS AND RESULTS M2 macrophages were prepared and M2-exos were collected and identified. Neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (NCMs) were extracted for in vitro hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) model establishment, while rat cardiac tissues were separated for in vivo MI/R model establishment. Differentially expressed miRNAs in NCMs and H/R-treated NCMs after M2-exos treatment were evaluated using microarray analysis. The target relation between miR-148a and thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) was identified using dual luciferase reporter gene assay. Gain- and loss- of function studies of miR-148a and TXNIP were performed to figure out their roles in MI/R injury. Meanwhile, the activation of the TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 inflammasome signaling pathway and pyroptosis of NCMs were evaluated. M2 macrophages carried miR-148a into NCMs. Over-expression of miR-148a enhanced viability of H/R-treated NCMs, reduced infarct size in vivo, and alleviated dysregulation of cardiac enzymes and Ca2+ overload in both models. miR-148a directly bound to the 3'-untranslated region (3'UTR) of TXNIP. Over-expressed TXNIP triggered the TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway activation and induced cell pyroptosis of NCMs, and the results were reproduced in in vivo studies. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that M2-exos could carry miR-148a to mitigate MI/R injury via down-regulating TXNIP and inactivating the TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 inflammasome signaling pathway. This study may offer new insights into MI/R injury treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxiang Dai
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Shen Wang
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310005, China
| | - Shufu Chang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Daoyuan Ren
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Shalaimaiti Shali
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Chenguang Li
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Hongbo Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zheyong Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Junbo Ge
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai 200032, China.
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Ye JX, Wang M, Wang RY, Liu HT, Qi YD, Fu JH, Zhang Q, Zhang BG, Sun XB. Hydroxysafflor yellow A inhibits hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced cardiomyocyte injury via regulating the AMPK/NLRP3 inflammasome pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 82:106316. [PMID: 32088642 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA) is an effective therapeutic agent that alleviates myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion injury (MIRI), but the exact mechanisms remain elusive. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential protective effect of HSYA against MIRI through mechanisms related to NLRP3 inflammasome regulation. In this study, hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R)-induced H9c2 cardiomyocytes were treated with HSYA or the AMPK inhibitor, compound C (CC). Our results showed that HSYA pretreatment improved cardiomyocyte viability, maintained mitochondrial membrane potential, reduced apoptotic cardiomyocytes, decreased caspase-3 activity, and inhibited NOD-like receptor 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation during H/R injury. Moreover, the inhibition of AMPK activation by the CC inhibitor partially abolished the effects of HSYA treatment, including suppressing the upregulation of NLRP3 inflammasome components (NLRP3, caspase-1 and interleukin-1β) and promoting autophagy (LC3-II/LC3-I and p62). In conclusion, the protective mechanism of HSYA in H/R-induced cardiomyocyte injury is associated with inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation through the AMPK signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Xue Ye
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Min Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Rui-Ying Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Hai-Tao Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Yao-Dong Qi
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Jian-Hua Fu
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, PR China
| | - Qiong Zhang
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, PR China.
| | - Ben-Gang Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, PR China.
| | - Xiao-Bo Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, PR China.
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Zhou P, Hua F, Wang X, Huang JL. Therapeutic potential of IKK-β inhibitors from natural phenolics for inflammation in cardiovascular diseases. Inflammopharmacology 2020; 28:19-37. [PMID: 31894515 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-019-00680-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVDs) is a chronic disease with the highest morbidity and mortality in the world. Previous studies have suggested that preventing inflammation serves an efficient role in protection against cardiovascular diseases. Modulation of IKK-β activity can be used to treat and control CVDs associated with chronic inflammation, which targets the phosphorylation of IκB following the release of the RelA complex, and then translocates to the nucleus, eventually triggering the transcription of several genes that induce chemokines, cytokines, and adhesion molecules. Most importantly, the IκB kinase (IKK) complex is involved in transcriptional activation by phosphorylating the inhibitory molecule IkBα, enabling activation of NF-κB. Phenolic compounds possess cardioprotective potential that may be related to modulating inflammatory responses involved in CVDs. The SystemsDock analysis was used to explore whether 38 active compounds inhibit IKK-β activity based on literature. Docking results showed that the top docking score of three chemical compounds were icariin, salvianolic acid B, and plantainoside D in all compounds. Icariin, salvianolic acid B, and plantainoside D are the most promising IKKβ inhibitors. These phytochemicals could be helpful to find the lead compounds on designing and developing novel cardioprotective agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhou
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, People's Republic of China. .,Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, People's Republic of China. .,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei, 230012, People's Republic of China.
| | - Fang Hua
- Pharmacy School, Anhui Xinhua University, Hefei, 230088, People's Republic of China.,Natural Products Laboratory, International Joint Lab of Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Wang
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, People's Republic of China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei, 230012, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Ling Huang
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, People's Republic of China. .,Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, People's Republic of China. .,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei, 230012, People's Republic of China.
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73
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Wang Y, Liu X, Shi H, Yu Y, Yu Y, Li M, Chen R. NLRP3 inflammasome, an immune-inflammatory target in pathogenesis and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Clin Transl Med 2020; 10:91-106. [PMID: 32508013 PMCID: PMC7240865 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is an important process involved in several cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), and nod-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is a vital player in innate immunity and inflammation. In this review, we aim to provide a comprehensive summary of the current knowledge on the role and involvement of NLRP3 inflammasome in the pathogenesis and treatment of CVDs. NLRP3 inflammasome functions as a molecular platform, and triggers the activation of caspase-1 and cleavage of pro-IL-1β, pro-IL-18, and gasdermin D (GSDMD). Cleaved NT-GSDMD forms pores in the cell membrane and initiates pyroptosis, inducing cell death and release of many intracellular pro-inflammatory molecules. NLRP3 inflammasome activation is triggered via inter-related pathways downstream of K+ efflux, lysosomal disruption, and mitochondrial dysfunction. In addition, the Golgi apparatus and noncoding RNAs are gradually being recognized to play important roles in NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Many investigations have revealed the association between NLRP3 inflammasome and CVDs, including atherosclerosis, ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury and heart failure induced by pressure overload or cardiomyopathy. Some existing medications, including orthodox and natural medicines, used for CVD treatment have been newly discovered to act via NLRP3 inflammasome. In addition, NLRP3 inflammasome pathway components such as NLRP3, caspase-1, and IL-1β may be considered as novel therapeutic targets for CVDs. Thus, NLRP3 inflammasome is a key molecule involved in the pathogenesis of CVDs, and further research focused on development of NLRP3 inflammasome-based targeted therapies for CVDs and the clinical evaluation of these therapies is essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yucheng Wang
- Department of CardiologyZhongshan HospitalShanghai Institute of Cardiovascular DiseasesShanghai Medical College of Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Xiaoxiao Liu
- Department of CardiologyZhongshan HospitalShanghai Institute of Cardiovascular DiseasesShanghai Medical College of Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Hui Shi
- Department of CardiologyZhongshan HospitalShanghai Institute of Cardiovascular DiseasesShanghai Medical College of Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yong Yu
- Department of CardiologyZhongshan HospitalShanghai Institute of Cardiovascular DiseasesShanghai Medical College of Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Ying Yu
- Department of General PracticeZhongshan HospitalShanghai Medical College of Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Minghui Li
- Department of CardiologyZhongshan HospitalShanghai Institute of Cardiovascular DiseasesShanghai Medical College of Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Ruizhen Chen
- Department of CardiologyZhongshan HospitalShanghai Institute of Cardiovascular DiseasesShanghai Medical College of Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
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Bai Y, Li Z, Liu W, Gao D, Liu M, Zhang P. Biochanin A attenuates myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury through the TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway. Acta Cir Bras 2019; 34:e201901104. [PMID: 31859817 PMCID: PMC6917477 DOI: 10.1590/s0102-865020190110000004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (Ml/R) injury is a leading cause of damage in cardiac tissues, with high rates of mortality and disability. Biochanin A (BCA) is a main constituent of Trifolium pratense L. This study was intended to explore the effect of BCA on Ml/R injury and explore the potential mechanism. METHODS In vivo MI/R injury was established by transient coronary ligation in Sprague-Dawley rats. Triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining (TTC) was used to measure myocardial infarct size. ELISA assay was employed to evaluate the levels of myocardial enzyme and inflammatory cytokines. Western blot assay was conducted to detect related protein levels in myocardial tissues. RESULTS BCA significantly ameliorated myocardial infarction area, reduced the release of myocardial enzyme levels including aspartate transaminase (AST), creatine kinase (CK-MB) and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH). It also decreased the production of inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-18, IL-6 and TNF-α) in serum of Ml/R rats. Further mechanism studies demonstrated that BCA inhibited inflammatory reaction through blocking TLR4/NF-kB/NLRP3 signaling pathway. CONCLUSION The present study is the first evidence demonstrating that BCA attenuated Ml/R injury through suppressing TLR4/NF-kB/NLRP3 signaling pathway-mediated anti-inflammation pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yejun Bai
- Physician, First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, and Department of Cardiovascular, Haimen Branch of Shanghai First People's Hospital Haimen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, China. Conception and design of the study, manuscript writing
| | - Zhigang Li
- Physician, Department of Cardiovascular, Xuzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, China. Acquisition and analysis of data
| | - Weihao Liu
- Physician, First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, and Department of Cardiovascular, Haimen Branch of Shanghai First People's Hospital Haimen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, China. Conception and design of the study, manuscript writing
| | - Dong Gao
- Physician, First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, and Department of Cardiovascular, Haimen Branch of Shanghai First People's Hospital Haimen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, China. Conception and design of the study, manuscript writing
| | - Min Liu
- Chief physician, Department of Cardiovascular, Xuzhou City Hospital of TCM Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, China. Technical procedures, acquisition of data
| | - Peiying Zhang
- Chief physician, Department of Cardiovascular, Xuzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, China. Design and supervised all phases of the study
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75
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Mo Z, Tang C, Li H, Lei J, Zhu L, Kou L, Li H, Luo S, Li C, Chen W, Zhang L. Eicosapentaenoic acid prevents inflammation induced by acute cerebral infarction through inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Life Sci 2019; 242:117133. [PMID: 31830477 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.117133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Acute cerebral infarction (ACI) is the most common type of acute cerebrovascular diseases resulting in high rate of death and disability. Numerous evidences show that inflammation is the leading cause of ischemic brain injury, thus anti-inflammatory therapy is an attractive candidate for ischemic brain damage. Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) exerts anti-inflammatory activity in lots of human inflammatory diseases, whereas its effect in ACI is left to elucidate. METHOD Nlpr3-/- mice, Gpr40-/-; Gpr120-/- mice and mice with right middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) were used to detect NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation by Western Blot and the release of proinflammatory cytokines by ELISA. To estimate the acute ischemic condition in vitro, oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) was induced in BV2 microglia cells. Transfection of the shRNA targeting GPR40 and GPR120 mRNA into BV2 cells was also assessed. Apoptosis in ischemic cerebral tissues and BV2 cells was detected by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay and flow cytometry. RESULT Here we show that EPA suppresses ACI-induced inflammatory responses through blocking NLRP3 inflammasome activation. In addition, EPA inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome activation through G protein-coupled receptor 40 (GPR40) and GPR120. Importantly, EPA ameliorates ACI-induced apoptosis. CONCLUSION EPA exerts beneficial effect on ACI-induced inflammation through blocking NLRP3 inflammasome activation by GPR40 and GPR120. Our findings suggest the potential clinical use of EPA in ACI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihuai Mo
- Department of Neurology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 519000, Guangdong, China
| | - Chaogang Tang
- Department of Neurology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 519000, Guangdong, China; Department of Neurology, Maoming People's Hospital, 525000, Guangdong, China
| | - Huiqing Li
- Department of Neurology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 519000, Guangdong, China
| | - Junjie Lei
- Department of Neurology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 519000, Guangdong, China
| | - Lingjuan Zhu
- Department of Neurology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 519000, Guangdong, China
| | - Li Kou
- Department of Neurology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 519000, Guangdong, China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Neurology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 519000, Guangdong, China; Department of Neurology, Maoming People's Hospital, 525000, Guangdong, China
| | - Shijian Luo
- Department of Neurology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 519000, Guangdong, China
| | - Chunyi Li
- Department of Neurology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 519000, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenli Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 519000, Guangdong, China.
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 519000, Guangdong, China.
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Liu J, Xie S, Duan X, Chen J, Zhou X, Li Y, Li Z, Han X. Assessment of efficacy and safety of the transcatheter arterial chemoembolization with or without apatinib in the treatment of large hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2019; 85:69-76. [PMID: 31813003 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-019-04004-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The goal of this study was to assess the clinical efficacy and safety of the transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) in combination with apatinib or TACE treatment alone in patients with large hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS A total of 82 patients with large HCC were consecutively enrolled between January 2016 and December 2017. Of the 82 patients, 34 underwent the combined treatment, while 48 underwent TACE alone. The treatment response was assessed at first month and third month after TACE therapy, and the survival rate at median follow-up time was also compared between the two treatment groups. Furthermore, progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS) and treatment-related complications were assessed and compared. RESULTS Patients treated with TACE + apatinib presented with better objective response rate and disease control rate compared to those who only underwent TACE. Median OS as well as median PFS was longer in the TACE plus apatinib group compared to the TACE alone group. Multivariate Cox's regression analysis further illustrated that TACE plus apatinib compared to TACE alone was an independent protective factor for PFS and OS. CONCLUSION TACE combined with apatinib is a safe and promising treatment approach for patients with large HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanfang Liu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1, East Jian She Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Shanshan Xie
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1, East Jian She Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuhua Duan
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1, East Jian She Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, People's Republic of China.,Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1, East Jian She Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianjian Chen
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1, East Jian She Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | | | - Yahua Li
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1, East Jian She Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaonan Li
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1, East Jian She Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinwei Han
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1, East Jian She Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, People's Republic of China.
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Hu Y, Li Q, Pan Y, Xu L. Sal B Alleviates Myocardial Ischemic Injury by Inhibiting TLR4 and the Priming Phase of NLRP3 Inflammasome. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24234416. [PMID: 31816891 PMCID: PMC6930479 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24234416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Salvianolic acid B is one of the main water-soluble components of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge. Many reports have shown that it has significant anti-myocardial ischemia effect. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Our present study demonstrated that Sal B could alleviate myocardial ischemic injury by inhibiting the priming phase of NLRP3 inflammasome. In vivo, serum c-troponin I (cTn), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels, the cardiac function and infract size were examined. We found that Sal B could notably reduce the myocardial ischemic injury caused by ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery. In vitro, Sal B down-regulated the TLR4/NF-κB signaling cascades in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated H9C2 cells. Furthermore, Sal B reduced the expression levels of IL-1β and NLRP3 inflammasome in a dose-dependent manner. In short, our study provided evidence that Sal B could attenuate myocardial ischemic injury via inhibition of TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway. And in an upstream level, MD-2 may be the potential target.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Li Xu
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-13851572203
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78
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Zhang HJ, Zhang YN, Teng ZY. Downregulation of miR‑16 protects H9c2(2‑1) cells against hypoxia/reoxygenation damage by targeting CIAPIN1 and regulating the NF‑κB pathway. Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:3113-3122. [PMID: 31432171 PMCID: PMC6755189 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to determine the function of microRNA‑16 (miR‑16) in myocardial hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R)‑induced cardiomyocyte injury and the possible mechanism underlying its involvement. An H/R model was constructed using H9c2(2‑1) cells in vitro. The results of reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR demonstrated that the expression levels of miR‑16 were significantly upregulated in H9c2(2‑1) cells in the H/R group compared with the sham group (1.53±0.09 vs. 1.0±0.08; P=0.0019). Cell Counting Kit‑8 assays revealed that the relative proliferative ability of H9c2(2‑1) cells was significantly decreased in the H/R + negative control (NC) group compared with the sham group (0.53±0.05 vs. 1.0±0.08; P=0.00005). Upregulation of miR‑16 using miR‑16 mimics further decreased the proliferative ability of cells (0.31±0.03 vs. 0.53±0.05; P=0.0097), whereas downregulation of miR‑16 using an miR‑16 inhibitor increased the proliferative ability of cells compared with the H/R+NC group (0.89±0.08 vs. 0.53±0.05; P=0.000385). Flow cytometric analysis found that the apoptotic rate of H9c2(2‑1) cells was increased significantly following H/R compared with the sham group (25.86±2.62% vs. 9.29±0.82%, P=0.000014). Upregulation of miR‑16 further increased the apoptotic rate (38.62±2.04% vs. 25.86±2.62%; P=0.000099), whereas downregulation of miR‑16 decreased the apoptotic rate compared with the H/R+NC group (15.14±0.92% vs. 25.86±2.62%; P=0.000343). miR‑16 directly bound to the 3'‑untranslated region of cytokine‑induced apoptosis inhibitor 1 (CIAPIN1) and negatively modulated CIAPIN1 expression. Overexpression of CIAPIN1 reversed the changes in the expression of apoptosis‑associated proteins caused by H/R. Western blot analysis revealed that the levels of phospho‑(p‑)nuclear factor‑κB (NF‑κB) and p‑NF‑κB inhibitor α (IκBα) were upregulated following H/R (1.82±0.11 vs. 1.0±0.08; P=0.000152; and 1.77±0.07 vs. 1.0±0.00; P=0.000024, respectively), and these changes were further enhanced when miR‑16 expression levels were increased (3.10±0.14 vs. 1.82±0.11; P=0.000006; and 2.19±0.10 vs. 1.77±0.07; P=0.0017, respectively). Downregulation of miR‑16 exhibited the opposite effect on p‑NF‑κB and p‑IκBα expression levels. The present study illustrates that downregulation of miR‑16 may protect against H/R‑induced injury partially by targeting CIAPIN1 and the NF‑κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Jin Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Yi-Na Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Zong-Yan Teng
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
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Investigating the effects and possible mechanisms of danshen- honghua herb pair on acute myocardial ischemia induced by isoproterenol in rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 118:109268. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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80
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Cheng J, Liu Q, Hu N, Zheng F, Zhang X, Ni Y, Liu J. Downregulation of hsa_circ_0068087 ameliorates TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated inflammation and endothelial cell dysfunction in high glucose conditioned by sponging miR-197. Gene 2019; 709:1-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2019.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2018] [Revised: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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81
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Balci Yuce H, Toker H, Yildirim A, Tekin MB, Gevrek F, Altunbas N. The effect of luteolin in prevention of periodontal disease in Wistar rats. J Periodontol 2019; 90:1481-1489. [DOI: 10.1002/jper.18-0584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Revised: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hatice Balci Yuce
- Department of PeriodontologyFaculty of DentistryGaziosmanpasa University Tokat Turkey
| | - Hulya Toker
- Department of PeriodontologyGülhane Faculty of DentistryUniversity of Medical Sciences Ankara Turkey
| | - Ali Yildirim
- Department of PeriodontologyFaculty of DentistryCumhuriyet University Sivas Turkey
| | - Mehmet Bugrul Tekin
- Department of PeriodontologyFaculty of DentistryCumhuriyet University Sivas Turkey
| | - Fikret Gevrek
- Department of Histology and EmbryologyFaculty of MedicineGaziosmanpasa University Tokat Turkey
| | - Nilufer Altunbas
- Department of PeriodontologyFaculty of DentistryCumhuriyet University Sivas Turkey
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82
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Zhao Y, Wang H, Chen W, Chen L, Liu D, Wang X, Wang X. Melatonin attenuates white matter damage after focal brain ischemia in rats by regulating the TLR4/NF-κB pathway. Brain Res Bull 2019; 150:168-178. [PMID: 31158461 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2019.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the possible neuroprotective effects of melatonin against brain white matter damage via the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/ nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway in focal cerebral ischemic rats. METHODS Fifty-four Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into the Sham, middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), and melatonin groups. The successful MCAO models were evaluated by Laser Doppler flowmetry, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with T2-weighted imaging (T2WI) examination and 2, 3, 5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining. White matter damage was assessed by myelin basic protein (MBP) immunohistochemical, Luxol Fast Blue (LFB) staining, and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) examination. The proliferation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) was examined by proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)/neural glial antigen 2 (NG2)/DAPI immunofluorescent staining. And the effects of melatonin therapy on the TLR4, NF-κB, and interleukin (IL)-1β proteins were examined by immunohistochemical staining. The correlation between the proliferating OPCs and TLR4 protein, IL-1β and TLR4 protein was respectively analyzed by linear regression analysis. RESULTS The infarct volume was significantly reduced and white matter damage was also significantly alleviated in the melatonin group as compared with the MCAO group (P < 0.05), and there were more TLR4+, NF-κB+ and IL-1β+ cells in the MCAO group compared with the melatonin group (P < 0.01). Similarly, more PCNA+NG2+ cells were observed in the subventricular zone and white matter areas in the melatonin group compared with the MCAO group (P < 0.01). The number of TLR4+ cells was closely positively correlated with that of IL-1β+ cells, and negatively correlated with that of PCNA+NG2+ cells. CONCLUSIONS In summary, melatonin could promote the proliferation of endogenous OPCs and suppress the expression of IL-1β protein via inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB signaling, thus alleviate the white matter damage in focal cerebral ischemic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yansong Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261031, China.
| | - Haiyu Wang
- Department of Medical Imaging, Rizhao Traditional Chinese Hospital, Rizhao, Shandong 276800, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Medical Imaging, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, China
| | - Lanfen Chen
- Department of Medical Imaging, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, China
| | - Dianmei Liu
- Department of Medical Imaging, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xiaoli Wang
- Department of Medical Imaging, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, China.
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Wang SY, Sang JW, Ding W, Qin TW, Bai L, Zhang J, Luo JC. The cytoptrotection of small intestinal submucosa-derived gel in HL-1 cells during hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced injury. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2019; 13:1346-1361. [PMID: 31062928 DOI: 10.1002/term.2878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Small intestinal submucosa (SIS)-derived gel injected into infarcted myocardium has been shown to promote repair and regeneration after myocardial infarction (MI); however, the specific impact of SIS gel on cardiomyocytes remained unknown. The aim of this study was to characterise SIS gel function in hypoxia-reoxygenation (H/R)-induced cardiomyocyte damage and its potential mechanism. HL-1 cardiomyocytes seeded on SIS matrix-coated plates, SIS gel, and uncoated plates were subjected to H/R, cell viability, apoptosis, expression of caspase-3, Bcl-2, and Bax were investigated. SIS gel and SIS matrix as coating substrates markedly improved cell viability, preventing cell apoptosis compared with uncoated plates, with SIS gel yielding the best cytoprotective effects. SIS gel down-regulated expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, CCL2, and IL-6) by inhibiting the JNK-mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/NF-κB pathways. Furthermore, SIS gel protected cardiomyocytes from apoptosis by activating protein kinase B (AKT) and extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathways, and markedly up-regulated antiapoptotic Bcl-2 expression but inhibited that of proapoptotic Bax and c-caspase 3. Together, these findings show that SIS gel could decrease H/R-induced cell apoptosis through a mechanism potentially related to its ability to regulate expression of inflammatory cytokines and antiapoptosis signalling pathways to prevent cell apoptosis. Our findings thereby shed light on the mechanism related to SIS gel therapeutic efficacy for MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Ya Wang
- Division of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiang-Wei Sang
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Ding
- Division of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ting-Wu Qin
- Division of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lin Bai
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Ministry of Health, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing-Cong Luo
- Division of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Wang Y, Wang C, Zhang Y, Wang G, Yang H. Pre-administration of luteoline attenuates neonatal sevoflurane-induced neurotoxicity in mice. Acta Histochem 2019; 121:500-507. [PMID: 31006528 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2019.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Revised: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Sevoflurane is a widely used inhaled anesthetic, which triggers neuroapoptosis and oxidative damage in the developing central nervous system and cognitive dysfunction later in life. However, no effective therapeutic strategy for sevoflurane-induced deleterious effects is well developed. The purpose of the present study was to explore whether luteoline could attenuate neonatal sevoflurane exposure-triggered neurotoxicity. In this study, six-day-old C57BL/6 mice were pretreated with luteoline (30, 60 mg/kg) intraperitoneally for 30 min before exposed to 3% sevoflurane 6 h consecutively. We first examined the effects of luteoline on hippocampal neuron apoptosis, inflammation and oxidative stress 18 h post anesthesia. The spatial learning and memory performance was measured using Morris water maze test from postnatal day 31 to 38. The results showed that luteoline ameliorated neuronal apoptosis as evidenced by decrease of apoptotic cells, downregulation of the cleavage levels of caspase-3 and PRAP, and inactivation of caspase-3. Moreover, luteoline significantly decreased protein expressions of inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-18 and TNF-α), inhibited NF-кB/NLRP3 pathway (NF-кB, NLRP3, ASC and caspase-1) and suppressed NF-кB activity. Our analyses indicated that luteoline had a significant effect on decreasing the contents of ROS and MDA, elevating the activity of SOD, and ultimately improving spatial learning and memory deficits of mice. In summary, our findings confirm that the attenuation of luteoline on sevoflurane-induced spatial learning and memory impairment later is associated with inhibition of hippocampal neuron apoptosis, inflammation and oxidative stress early. Luteoline might be a potential therapeutic for sevoflurane anesthesia-induced neurobehavioral dysfunction.
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85
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Lim H, Heo MY, Kim HP. Flavonoids: Broad Spectrum Agents on Chronic Inflammation. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2019; 27:241-253. [PMID: 31006180 PMCID: PMC6513185 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2019.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids are major plant constituents with numerous biological/pharmacological actions both in vitro and in vivo. Of these actions, their anti-inflammatory action is prominent. They can regulate transcription of many proinflammatory genes such as cyclooxygenase-2/inducible nitric oxide synthase and many cytokines/chemokines. Recent studies have demonstrated that certain flavonoid derivatives can affect pathways of inflammasome activation and autophagy. Certain flavonoids can also accelerate the resolution phase of inflammation, leading to avoiding chronic inflammatory stimuli. All these pharmacological actions with newly emerging activities render flavonoids to be potential therapeutics for chronic inflammatory disorders including arthritic inflammation, meta-inflammation, and inflammaging. Recent findings of flavonoids are summarized and future perspectives are presented in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Lim
- College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon Young Heo
- College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Pyo Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
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86
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Huang L, Jin K, Lan H. Luteolin inhibits cell cycle progression and induces apoptosis of breast cancer cells through downregulation of human telomerase reverse transcriptase. Oncol Lett 2019; 17:3842-3850. [PMID: 30930986 PMCID: PMC6425390 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Luteolin is a flavonoid, which has been extensively investigated due to its antitumor effects; however, the underlying mechanisms of its action remain largely unknown. The present study aimed to investigate the role of luteolin in breast cancer (BC), and explored how luteolin suppresses the growth and induces the apoptosis of BC cells. The MTS assay was used to determine the anticancer activity of luteolin. Colony formation and Transwell assays were performed to evaluate the effects of luteolin on cell growth and invasion. Cell cycle progression and apoptosis were analyzed by flow cytometry. In addition, western blotting was performed to analyze cellular apoptosis and signaling pathways elicited by luteolin. The present study revealed that the proliferation of the BC cell line MDA-MB-231 was effectively suppressed by luteolin in a dose-dependent manner. Additionally, luteolin was revealed to increase apoptotic rates in BC cells. Dose-dependent cell cycle arrest in S phase was observed following treatment with luteolin in MDA-MB-231 cells. Mechanistically, luteolin reduced telomerase levels in a dose-dependent manner. Additionally, luteolin inhibited phosphorylation of the nuclear factor-κB inhibitor α and its target gene c-Myc, to suppress human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) expression, which encodes the catalytic subunit of telomerase. Collectively, the results of the present study indicated that luteolin may inhibit BC cell growth by targeting hTERT, suggesting that the mechanism of hTERT regulation by luteolin may justify further study regarding its potential as a therapeutic target for BC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liming Huang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing Hospital of Zhejiang University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312000, P.R. China
| | - Ketao Jin
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing Hospital of Zhejiang University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312000, P.R. China
| | - Huanrong Lan
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing Hospital of Zhejiang University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312000, P.R. China
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Lv JH, Wang D, Zhang MN, Bai ZH, Sun JL, Shi Y, Pei HH, Zhang ZL, Wang H. The related factors for the recovery and maintenance time of sinus rhythm in hospitalized patients with cardiopulmonary resuscitation: A single-center retrospective case-control study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e14303. [PMID: 30702602 PMCID: PMC6380744 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000014303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
No matter in or outside hospital, the success rate of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is very low. The sign of successful CPR is the recovery of spontaneous circulation. The premise of the recovery of spontaneous circulation is the recovery and maintenance of sinus rhythm, but there is still no related research.We aim to study the factors for the recovery and maintenance time of sinus rhythm in patients with CPR.A single-center retrospective case-control study.Ethical review was obtained (ethical approval number: 20180031).The second affiliated hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an Shaanxi, China.From January 2011 to December 2016, totally 344 cases met the inclusion and exclusion criteria, sinus rhythm recovered group (SR group) (n = 130 cases), sinus rhythm unrecovered group (SUR group) (n = 214 cases).The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that red blood cell counts (OR = 1.30, 95% CI:1.04-1.63, P = .02), rescue time (OR = 0.95, 95% CI:0.94-0.97, P <.001), the usage of norepinephrine (OR = 2.14, 95% CI:1.06-4.35, P = .04) were important factor for the recovery of sinus rhythm in patients with CPR. Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that the dosage of epinephrine, the usage of naloxone and diagnosis were important factors for maintenance time of sinus rhythm after resuscitation, P <.05. The rescue time had high accuracy to predict the recovery of sinus rhythm, the area under the receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) was 0.84 (0.80, 0.88), sensitivity and specificity are respectively 71.54% and 93.46%.Red blood cell counts, the rescue time and the usage of norepinephrine might be important factors for the recovery of sinus rhythm, and the dosage of epinephrine, the usage of naloxone and the diagnosis might be important factors for the maintenance time of sinus rhythm in patients with CPR.
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88
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Liu X, Zhu X, Xie L, Cai B. Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic modelling of effective components of Fangji Huangqi Tang for its treatment of nephrotic syndrome. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj03040e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An interesting study on the underlying correlations between pharmacokinetic parameters and the effective indexes of FHT based on PK-PD model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine
- Nanjing 210023
- China
| | - Xiaochai Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine
- Nanjing 210023
- China
| | - Li Xie
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine
- Nanjing 210023
- China
| | - Baochang Cai
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine
- Nanjing 210023
- China
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89
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Li Y, Liu Y, Yan X, Liu Q, Zhao YH, Wang DW. Pharmacological Effects and Mechanisms of Chinese Medicines Modulating NLRP3 Inflammasomes in Ischemic Cardio/Cerebral Vascular Disease. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2018; 46:1727-1741. [PMID: 30525898 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x18500878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Cardio/cerebral-vascular diseases seriously threaten human health and are the leading cause of death. As such, there is great interest in identifying a potential mechanism that controls the development process of cardio/cerebral vascular diseases. Present studies demonstrate that inflammasomes play an important role in the process of ischemic cardio/cerebral vascular diseases (ICCVDs). Among the pathological process of ICCVDs, inflammasomes activated the sterile inflammatory response that accelerated the development of diseases and aggravated the acute lesion of tissue. As the most thoroughly studied inflammasome, the NLRP3 inflammasome has been proven to be a potential therapeutic target for ICCVDs. In this review, we summarized the mechanisms of Chinese herbal medicine which can affect ICCVDs via the regulation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. Our study discovers that active compounds of Chinese medicines have a negative effect on NLRP3 in different ICCVDs models. Astragaloside IV may influence the receptor of the cell membrane to inhibit NLRP3 activation. Resveratrol, colchicinesis, salvianolic acid B, chrysophanol and sulforaphane may directly damage the formation of NLRP3 by inhibiting ASC or Caspase-1. Most of the active natural compounds can negatively regulate the downstream products of NLRP3 inflammasome such as IL-18 and IL1 β . In addition, Chinese medicines such as sinomenine, ruscogenin, resveratrol, arctigenin and cepharanthineas may downregulate NLRP3 inflammasome by inducing autophagy activation. Due to the advantages of multi-target effects, Chinese herbal medicine can be treated as a splendid therapy for ICCVDs by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueying Li
- * The Second Clinical School of Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, P. R. China.,† State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao 999078, Macao SAR of P. R. China
| | - Yuntao Liu
- * The Second Clinical School of Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, P. R. China.,‡ Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Emergency in TCM, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong 510405, P. R. China
| | - Xia Yan
- * The Second Clinical School of Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, P. R. China.,‡ Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Emergency in TCM, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong 510405, P. R. China
| | - Qing Liu
- * The Second Clinical School of Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, P. R. China.,‡ Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Emergency in TCM, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong 510405, P. R. China.,§ Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Yong-Hua Zhao
- † State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao 999078, Macao SAR of P. R. China
| | - Da-Wei Wang
- * The Second Clinical School of Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, P. R. China.,‡ Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Emergency in TCM, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong 510405, P. R. China
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90
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Tang M, Dang R, Liu S, Zhang M, Zheng Y, Yang R, Yin T. Ω-3 fatty acids-supplementary in gestation alleviates neuroinflammation and modulates neurochemistry in rats. Lipids Health Dis 2018; 17:247. [PMID: 30390665 PMCID: PMC6215348 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-018-0894-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The mechanisms underlying the association between immune activation and postpartum depression remained elusive. Although Ω-3 fatty acids possess anti-inflammatory properties, there is limited evidence directly linking the modulating effects of Ω-3 fatty acids on neuroimmune and neurochemistry to the antidepressant actions. Methods A between-groups design was used to assess the effects of reproductive status (virgin or parous) and Ω-3 fatty acids content (control and supplementary). Serum inflammatory cytokine levels (IL-1a, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-12, TNF-a, IFN-γ) were evaluated using the Bio-Plex Luminex System. Moreover, we also measured the protein levels of Purinergic type 2X7 receptor (P2X7R), NOD-like receptor pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) and Nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB). Lastly, we assessed the function of various neurotransmitter systems to link the inflammatory response and neurotransmitter metabolism. Results Pro-inflammatory cyrokines, including IL-1a, IL-6, TNF-a and IFN-γ were markedly induced in the serum of parous rats, although no significantly depressive-like behavior was found. Meanwhile, NLRP3 and NF-κB were decreased in certain brain areas. Moreover, gestational stress significantly induced neurochemical disturbance, which is partly restored by Ω-3 fatty acids supplementation. Conclusions These findings strengthen the link between inflammation, neurochemistry and postpartum depression, and further provide novel insights into the antidepressant effect of Ω-3 fatty acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mimi Tang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.,Institute of Hospital Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Ruili Dang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Jining First People's Hospital, Jining Medical University, Jining, 272000, People's Republic of China
| | - Shao Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.,Institute of Hospital Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Mengqi Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Yi Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Traditional Chinese Medicine in Obstetrics and Gynecology Research, Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, No. 53 XiangChun Road, Changsha, 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.,Institute of Hospital Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Tao Yin
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China. .,Institute of Hospital Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
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91
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Oyagbemi AA, Omobowale TO, Ola-Davies OE, Asenuga ER, Ajibade TO, Adejumobi OA, Afolabi JM, Ogunpolu BS, Falayi OO, Saba AB, Adedapo AA, Yakubu MA. Luteolin-mediated Kim-1/NF-kB/Nrf2 signaling pathways protects sodium fluoride-induced hypertension and cardiovascular complications. Biofactors 2018; 44:518-531. [PMID: 30474894 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The use of sodium fluoride (NaF) as a major ingredient for tooth paste, mouth wash, and mouth rinse has become inevitable in our day-to-day life. However, flavonoids such as Luteolin might be of great value in the prevention of toxicity associated with accidental or inevitable ingestion of NaF. In the study, 40 male Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into four groups with 10 rats in a group. Group A was the control group and received normal saline, Group B was exposed to NaF at 300 ppm (300 mg/L) in drinking water daily for a week, Groups C and D were exposed to 300 ppm (300 mg/L) of NaF and coadministered with Luteolin orally daily at a dosage of 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg for the same time point. Our results indicated that NaF caused significant increases in systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure, malondialdehyde, protein carbonyl, myeloperoxidase, advanced oxidative protein products, together with significant reductions in glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione reductase, reduced glutathione, and nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability. The electrocardiogram results showed that NaF alone caused significant prolongation of QT and QTc intervals. Immunohistochemistry revealed that NaF caused increase expressions of Kidney injury marker 1 (Kim-1), nuclear factor kappa bet (NF-κB), nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factors 2 (Nrf2), and cardiac troponin I (CTnI). Together, Luteolin coadministration with NaF improved NO bioavailability, reduced high blood pressure, markers of oxidative stress, reversed prolongation of QT and QTc intervals, and lowered the expressions of Kim-1, NF-κB, and CTnI. © 2018 BioFactors, 44(6):518-531, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ademola Adetokunbo Oyagbemi
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Temidayo Olutayo Omobowale
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Olufunke Eunice Ola-Davies
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Ebunoluwa Racheal Asenuga
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria
| | - Temitayo Olabisi Ajibade
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Olumuyiwa Abiola Adejumobi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | | | - Blessing Seun Ogunpolu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Olufunke Olubunmi Falayi
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Adebowale Bernard Saba
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Adeolu Alex Adedapo
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Momoh Audu Yakubu
- Department of Environmental and Interdisciplinary Sciences, College of Science, Engineering and Technology, NSB303, Sr. Scientist & Head, Vascular Biology Unit, Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, COPHS, Texas Southern University, Houston, TX, USA
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92
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Boccellino M, Di Domenico M, Donniacuo M, Bitti G, Gritti G, Ambrosio P, Quagliuolo L, Rinaldi B. AT1-receptor blockade: Protective effects of irbesartan in cardiomyocytes under hypoxic stress. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0202297. [PMID: 30356256 PMCID: PMC6200178 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0202297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia induces myocardial injury through the activation of inflammatory and oxidative processes. The pivotal role of the renin angiotensin system (RAS) in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases has been firmly established in clinical trials and practice; in fact many experimental and clinical data have highlighted that its inhibition has a cardioprotective role. Activated RAS also stimulates inflammation directly inducing proinflammatory and oxidative gene expression. This study aimed to investigate the protective role of a pre-treatment (10 and 100 μM) with irbesartan on injury induced by 24 h of hypoxia in HL-1 cardiomyocytes; in particular, we have analyzed the natriuretic peptide (BNP) expression, a biomarker able to modulate inflammatory reaction to cardiac injury and some markers involved in oxidative stress and inflammation. Our results demonstrated that a pre-treatment with 100 μM irbesartan significantly increased SOD activity and catalase expression of 15 and 25%, respectively, compared to hypoxic cells (P<0.05). On the other hand, it was able to reduce the release of peroxynitrite and iNOS protein expression of 20 and 50% respectively (P<0.05). In addition irbesartan exerts an anti-inflammatory activity reducing Toll-like receptors (TLRs)-2 and -4 mRNA expression, TNF-alpha expression and activity (20%) and increasing the expression of the cytokine IL-17 (40%) (P<0.05 vs hypoxia). Our findings also showed that BNP induced by ischemia was significantly and in a concentration-dependent manner reduced by irbesartan. The findings of our study demonstrated that the AT1 receptor antagonist irbesartan exerts a protective role in an in vitro hypoxic condition reducing oxidative stress and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariarosaria Boccellino
- Department of Precision Medicine, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Marina Di Domenico
- Department of Precision Medicine, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Maria Donniacuo
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Pharmacology, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Bitti
- Department of Precision Medicine, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Giulia Gritti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Pharmacology, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Pasqualina Ambrosio
- Department of Precision Medicine, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Lucio Quagliuolo
- Department of Precision Medicine, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Barbara Rinaldi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Pharmacology, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
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93
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Chen G, Shen H, Zang L, Su Z, Huang J, Sun Y, Wang H. Protective effect of luteolin on skin ischemia-reperfusion injury through an AKT-dependent mechanism. Int J Mol Med 2018; 42:3073-3082. [PMID: 30280183 PMCID: PMC6202092 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is one of the most crucial problems in flap surgery, which affects the survival of the skin flap and patient prognosis, luteolin, a plant derived flavonoid, has previously been shown to exert a variety of beneficial effects for reducing I/R injury in several organs. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative stress effects of luteolin on cutaneous I/R injury. The in vitro study were performed using a permanent human immortalized epidermal keratinocyte cell line (HaCaT), cells were cultured in the presence of luteolin and were then treated with hydrogen peroxide, the cell viability, mitochondrial membrane potential and the cell survival/apoptosis related signaling pathway activation were assessed to investigate the cytoprotective effects of luteolin. For in vivo experiments, skin flap I/R injury animal model was established in Sprague-Dawley rats, by measuring the area of flap survival, analyzing the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokine and evaluation of the histological changes in the skin tissue, the protective effects of luteolin on skin I/R injury were investigated. The function of protein kinase B (AKT) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) activation on luteolin mediated I/R injury protection was assessed by administration of phosphoinositide-3-kinase/AKT inhibitor LY294002 and HO-1 inhibitor ZNPP. The results showed that luteolin treatment significantly increased the viability of HaCaT cells upon exposure to hydrogen peroxide, and the administration of luteolin in vivo significantly improved skin flap survival in the I/R injury rat model. The mechanisms underlying these beneficial effects included increased phosphoinositide-3-kinase/protein kinase B activation, improved expression of antioxidant enzyme, and scavenging the cytotoxic effects of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Taken together, the results suggested that luteolin preconditioning yielded significant protection against cutaneous I/R injury by protecting skin keratinocytes from ROS-induced damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P.R. China
| | - Hugang Shen
- Department of Esthetic Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of TCM, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Linlin Zang
- Medical Laboratory, Qingdao HaiCi Medical Group, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, P.R. China
| | - Zhonglan Su
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Jilong Huang
- Department of Esthetic Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of TCM, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Yong Sun
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P.R. China
| | - Hongwei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P.R. China
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94
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The protective effect of formononetin on cognitive impairment in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 106:1250-1257. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.07.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2017] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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95
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Brunt VE, Wiedenfeld-Needham K, Comrada LN, Minson CT. Passive heat therapy protects against endothelial cell hypoxia-reoxygenation via effects of elevations in temperature and circulating factors. J Physiol 2018; 596:4831-4845. [PMID: 30118148 DOI: 10.1113/jp276559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS Accumulating evidence indicates that passive heat therapy (chronic use of hot tubs or saunas) has widespread physiological benefits, including enhanced resistance against novel stressors ('stress resistance'). Using a cell culture model to isolate the key stimuli that are likely to underlie physiological adaptation with heat therapy, we showed that both mild elevations in temperature (to 39°C) and exposure to serum from human subjects who have undergone 8 weeks of heat therapy (i.e. altered circulating factors) independently prevented oxidative and inflammatory stress associated with hypoxia-reoxygenation in cultured endothelial cells. Our results elucidate some of the mechanisms (i.e. direct effects of temperature vs. circulating factors) by which heat therapy seems to improve resistance against oxidative and inflammatory stress. Heat therapy may be a promising intervention for reducing cellular damage following ischaemic events, which has broad implications for patients with cardiovascular diseases and conditions characterized by 'chronic' ischaemia (e.g. peripheral artery disease, metabolic diseases, obesity). ABSTRACT Repeated exposure to passive heat stress ('heat therapy') has widespread physiological benefits, including cellular protection against novel stressors. Increased heat shock protein (HSP) expression and upregulation of circulating factors may impart this protection. We tested the isolated abilities of mild heat pretreatment and serum from human subjects (n = 10) who had undergone 8 weeks of heat therapy to protect against cellular stress following hypoxia-reoxygenation (H/R), a model of ischaemic cardiovascular events. Cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells were incubated for 24 h at 37°C (control), 39°C (heat pretreatment) or 37°C with 10% serum collected before and after 8 weeks of passive heat therapy (four to five times per week to increase rectal temperature to ≥ 38.5°C for 60 min). Cells were then collected before and after incubation at 1% O2 for 16 h (hypoxia; 37°C), followed by 20% O2 for 4 h (reoxygenation; 37°C) and assessed for markers of cell stress. In control cells, H/R increased nuclear NF-κB p65 protein (i.e. activation) by 106 ± 38%, increased IL-6 release by 37 ± 8% and increased superoxide production by 272 ± 45%. Both heat pretreatment and exposure to heat therapy serum prevented H/R-induced NF-κB activation and attenuated superoxide production; by contrast, only exposure to serum attenuated IL-6 release. H/R also decreased cytoplasmic haemeoxygenase-1 (HO-1) protein (known to suppress NF-κB), in control cells (-25 ± 8%), whereas HO-1 protein increased following H/R in cells pretreated with heat or serum-exposed, providing a possible mechanism of protection against H/R. These data indicate heat therapy is capable of imparting resistance against inflammatory and oxidative stress via direct heat and humoral factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vienna E Brunt
- Department of Human Physiology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA
| | | | - Lindan N Comrada
- Department of Human Physiology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA
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96
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Vaspin protects rats against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (MIRI) through the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway. Eur J Pharmacol 2018; 835:132-139. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.07.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Revised: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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97
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Shen P, Chen J, Pan M. The protective effects of total paeony glycoside on ischemia/reperfusion injury in H9C2 cells via inhibition of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:3332-3340. [PMID: 30066927 PMCID: PMC6102630 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
At present, cardiovascular disease is the global leading cause of mortality. Total paeony glycoside (TPG) is a traditional Chinese medicine, which serves a pivotal role in the cardiovascular system. In the present study, the effects and underlying mechanisms of TPG on ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury-induced apoptosis of cardiomyocytes were investigated in vitro. Cell Counting kit-8 and flow cytometry were used to assess the viability, reactive oxygen species (ROS) content and apoptosis of H9C2 cells. The activities of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) were analyzed by commercial detection kits. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis were conducted to evaluate the expression levels of various factors. The results demonstrated that the viability of H9C2 cells was not significantly altered in response to various concentrations of TPG. However, following I/R injury, TPG markedly enhanced cell viability in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, TPG decreased the rate of apoptosis and ROS levels, and reduced the activities of MDA and LDH. Conversely, TPG increased SOD and GPX activities. In addition, TPG upregulated the expression levels of pro-caspase-3 and B-cell lymphoma2 (Bcl-2), whereas it downregulated cleaved-caspase-3, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1, Bcl-2-associated X protein, phosphorylated (p)-phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K) and p-protein kinase B (Akt) expression. Treatment with insulin-like growth factor-1 increased the apoptosis of H9C2 cells, thus suggesting that activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway reversed the protective effects of TPG. Taken together, TPG may suppress I/R-induced apoptosis and oxidative stress of H9C2 cells possibly by inhibiting the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway; such a phenomenon may have a therapeutic effect on cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peihong Shen
- Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine and General Family Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Wenling, Wenling, Zhejiang 317500, P.R. China
| | - Junfeng Chen
- Department of Respiration, The First People's Hospital of Wenling, Wenling, Zhejiang 317500, P.R. China
| | - Min Pan
- Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine and General Family Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Wenling, Wenling, Zhejiang 317500, P.R. China
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98
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Sun Z, Ma Y, Chen F, Wang S, Chen B, Shi J. Artesunate ameliorates high glucose-induced rat glomerular mesangial cell injury by suppressing the TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 inflammasome pathway. Chem Biol Interact 2018; 293:11-19. [PMID: 30031708 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2018.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory response is important for the development and progression of diabetic nephropathy (DN). Artesunate (ART), an antimalarial drug, possesses anti-inflammatory effect and exhibits protective effect on chronic kidney diseases. However, the effect of ART on DN is unknown. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect and the molecular mechanism of ART on DN in an in vitro model. The rat mesangial cell line, HBZY-1, was induced by high glucose (HG; 30 mM d-glucose) in the presence or absence of ART (15 and 30 μg/ml) and incubated for 24 h. We found that HG induced the proliferation of HBZY-1 cells, while treatment with ART inhibited the cell proliferation. Treatment with ART inhibited HG-induced inflammatory cytokines production and expression of extracellular matrix (ECM). Besides, HG induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, and inhibited the superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity of HBZY-1 cells, and the effects were attenuated by ART treatment. ART decreased HG-induced the expression levels of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 (MyD88), nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) p-p65, and nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3). Inhibition of the TLR4/NF-κB pathway suppressed NLRP3 inflammasome in HBZY-1 cells. In conclusion, ART exhibited protective effect on HG-induced HBZY-1 cells by inhibiting the inflammatory response, oxidative stress and ECM accumulation. The TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 inflammasome pathway was involved in the protective effect of ART. The results suggested that ART might be a potential therapy agent for the DN treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Sun
- Department of Nephrology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, 475000, Henan, PR China
| | - Yali Ma
- Department of Nephrology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, 475000, Henan, PR China
| | - Fang Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, 475000, Henan, PR China
| | - Shiying Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, 475000, Henan, PR China
| | - Baoping Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, 475000, Henan, PR China
| | - Jun Shi
- Department of Nephrology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, 475000, Henan, PR China.
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99
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Yi YS. Regulatory Roles of Flavonoids on Inflammasome Activation during Inflammatory Responses. Mol Nutr Food Res 2018; 62:e1800147. [PMID: 29774640 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201800147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation is an innate immune response to noxious stimuli to protect the body from pathogens. Inflammatory responses consist of two main steps: priming and triggering. In priming, inflammatory cells increase expressions of inflammatory molecules, while in triggering, inflammasomes are activated, resulting in cell death and pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion. Inflammasomes are protein complexes comprising intracellular pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) (e.g., nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptors (NLRs), absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2), and caspases-4/5/11) and pro-caspase-1 with or without a bipartite adaptor molecule ASC. Inflammasome activation induces pyroptosis, inflammatory cell death, and stimulates caspase-1-mediated secretion of interleukin (IL)-1b and IL-18. Flavonoids are secondary metabolites found in various plants and are considered as critical ingredients promoting health and ameliorating various disease symptoms. Anti-inflammatory activity of flavonoids and underlying mechanisms have been widely studied. This review introduces current knowledge on different types of inflammasomes and their activation during inflammatory responses and discusses recent studies regarding anti-inflammatory roles of flavonoids as suppressors of inflammasomes in inflammatory conditions. Understanding the regulatory effects of flavonoids on inflammasome activation will increase our knowledge of flavonoid-mediated anti-inflammatory activity and provide new insights into the development of flavonoid preparations to prevent and treat human inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Su Yi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Cheongju University, Cheongju, 28503, Korea
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100
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Sun Y, Xun L, Jin G, Shi L. Salidroside protects renal tubular epithelial cells from hypoxia/reoxygenation injury in vitro. J Pharmacol Sci 2018; 137:170-176. [PMID: 29960844 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2018.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Revised: 05/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress, inflammation and cell apoptosis are important mechanisms of renal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Salidroside, a natural phenylpropanoid glycoside, possesses anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, and anti-apoptotic effects. However, the effect of salidroside on renal I/R injury has not been fully elucidated. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of salidroside on renal I/R injury in vitro. Our results showed that salidroside improved the viability of human renal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2) in response to hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R). Salidroside caused apparent decrease in the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondiaidehyde (MDA), and significant increase in superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in HK-2 cells. Pretreatment with salidroside markedly inhibited the production levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and IL-6 in a dose-dependent manner. Salidroside treatment exhibited significant increase in Bcl-2 expressions, and decrease in Bax expressions and caspase-3 activity when compared with the H/R group. Salidroside decreased the levels of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and p-p65 in HK-2 cells. Overexpression of TLR4 significantly attenuated the effects of salidroside on cell viability, oxidative stress, cytokine production and cell apoptosis in HK-2 cells. These findings indicated that salidroside protected HK-2 cells from H/R stimulation, which was mediated by the TLR4/NF-κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Sun
- Department of Nephrology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, 710068, China
| | - Liru Xun
- Department of Nephrology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, 710068, China
| | - Gang Jin
- Department of Nephrology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, 710068, China
| | - Lei Shi
- Department of Infectious Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China.
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