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Feng J, Hse C, Yang Z, Wang K, Jiang J, Xu J. Renewable platform chemicals from directional microwave-assisted liquefaction coupling stepwise extraction of waste biomass. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 244:496-508. [PMID: 28803099 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.07.182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2017] [Revised: 07/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Directional microwave-assisted liquefaction and stepwise extraction are introduced for producing platform chemicals: aromatics and monosaccharides. When sulfuric acid was used as a catalyst, a 45% monosaccharides yield and a 29% aromatics yield were obtained from bamboo with 0.3g catalyst per 18g methanol and 2g bamboo at 160°C with 10min. Approximately 78-86wt% of the six biomass materials were converted into liquid products. After the stepwise extraction and precipitation process, the yields of monosaccharide derivatives and three phenolic compound fractions were 39-45% and 28-32%, respectively. Monosaccharides from holocellulose collected with a high purity of methyl glycosides were higher than 90%. Aromatic derivatives with different weight-molecular distributions were separated into three fractions with more than 80% phenolics. As their similar chemical properties within each fraction, platform chemicals have great commercial potential for producing high-quality chemicals and biofuels using mild upgrading conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfeng Feng
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry, National Engineering Lab. for Biomass Chemical Utilization, Key and Open Lab. on Forest Chemical Engineering, SFA, Key Lab. of Biomass Energy and Material, Nanjing 210042, China; United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Forest Service, Southern Research Station, Pineville, LA 71360, United States
| | - Chungyun Hse
- United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Forest Service, Southern Research Station, Pineville, LA 71360, United States
| | - Zhongzhi Yang
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry, National Engineering Lab. for Biomass Chemical Utilization, Key and Open Lab. on Forest Chemical Engineering, SFA, Key Lab. of Biomass Energy and Material, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Kui Wang
- United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Forest Service, Southern Research Station, Pineville, LA 71360, United States
| | - Jianchun Jiang
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry, National Engineering Lab. for Biomass Chemical Utilization, Key and Open Lab. on Forest Chemical Engineering, SFA, Key Lab. of Biomass Energy and Material, Nanjing 210042, China.
| | - Junming Xu
- Research Institute of Forestry New Technology, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China.
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Fan L, Zhang Y, Liu S, Zhou N, Chen P, Cheng Y, Addy M, Lu Q, Omar MM, Liu Y, Wang Y, Dai L, Anderson E, Peng P, Lei H, Ruan R. Bio-oil from fast pyrolysis of lignin: Effects of process and upgrading parameters. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 241:1118-1126. [PMID: 28578807 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.05.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2017] [Revised: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Effects of process parameters on the yield and chemical profile of bio-oil from fast pyrolysis of lignin and the processes for lignin-derived bio-oil upgrading were reviewed. Various process parameters including pyrolysis temperature, reactor types, lignin characteristics, residence time, and feeding rate were discussed and the optimal parameter conditions for improved bio-oil yield and quality were concluded. In terms of lignin-derived bio-oil upgrading, three routes including pretreatment of lignin, catalytic upgrading, and co-pyrolysis of hydrogen-rich materials have been investigated. Zeolite cracking and hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) treatment are two main methods for catalytic upgrading of lignin-derived bio-oil. Factors affecting zeolite activity and the main zeolite catalytic mechanisms for lignin conversion were analyzed. Noble metal-based catalysts and metal sulfide catalysts are normally used as the HDO catalysts and the conversion mechanisms associated with a series of reactions have been proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangliang Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China; Engineering Research Center for Biomass Conversion, Ministry of Education, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China; Center for Biorefining and Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering, University of Minnesota, 1390 Eckles Ave., St. Paul, MN 55108, United States
| | - Yaning Zhang
- Center for Biorefining and Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering, University of Minnesota, 1390 Eckles Ave., St. Paul, MN 55108, United States; School of Energy Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Shiyu Liu
- Center for Biorefining and Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering, University of Minnesota, 1390 Eckles Ave., St. Paul, MN 55108, United States
| | - Nan Zhou
- Center for Biorefining and Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering, University of Minnesota, 1390 Eckles Ave., St. Paul, MN 55108, United States
| | - Paul Chen
- Center for Biorefining and Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering, University of Minnesota, 1390 Eckles Ave., St. Paul, MN 55108, United States
| | - Yanling Cheng
- Center for Biorefining and Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering, University of Minnesota, 1390 Eckles Ave., St. Paul, MN 55108, United States
| | - Min Addy
- Center for Biorefining and Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering, University of Minnesota, 1390 Eckles Ave., St. Paul, MN 55108, United States
| | - Qian Lu
- Center for Biorefining and Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering, University of Minnesota, 1390 Eckles Ave., St. Paul, MN 55108, United States
| | - Muhammad Mubashar Omar
- Center for Biorefining and Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering, University of Minnesota, 1390 Eckles Ave., St. Paul, MN 55108, United States; Department of Farm Machinery and Power, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Yuhuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China; Engineering Research Center for Biomass Conversion, Ministry of Education, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Yunpu Wang
- Engineering Research Center for Biomass Conversion, Ministry of Education, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Leilei Dai
- Engineering Research Center for Biomass Conversion, Ministry of Education, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Erik Anderson
- Center for Biorefining and Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering, University of Minnesota, 1390 Eckles Ave., St. Paul, MN 55108, United States
| | - Peng Peng
- Center for Biorefining and Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering, University of Minnesota, 1390 Eckles Ave., St. Paul, MN 55108, United States
| | - Hanwu Lei
- Center for Biorefining and Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering, University of Minnesota, 1390 Eckles Ave., St. Paul, MN 55108, United States
| | - Roger Ruan
- Center for Biorefining and Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering, University of Minnesota, 1390 Eckles Ave., St. Paul, MN 55108, United States.
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Stankiewicz A. Penrose triangles of the fossil-to-bio-based transition. Faraday Discuss 2017; 202:521-529. [PMID: 28849836 DOI: 10.1039/c7fd00178a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Transition within the chemical industry from fossil to green feedstocks is a complex process characterized by the generation of commercially viable feedstock-process-product triangles. The research in this area encompasses a great diversity of relevant topics. A number of those topics have been addressed within this volume of Faraday Discussions and are summarized in this paper. They are categorized and discussed along with seven general questions arising from the feedstock-process-product triangles. Opportunities are identified that should make more of these triangles technically and economically feasible. The future role of renewable electricity as the primary energy source for the bio-based industry is emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Stankiewicz
- Delft University of Technology, Leeghwaterstraat 39, 2628 CB Delft, The Netherlands.
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Guo H, Hong C, Zheng B, Lu F, Jiang D, Qin W. Bioflocculants' production in a biomass-degrading bacterium using untreated corn stover as carbon source and use of bioflocculants for microalgae harvest. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2017; 10:306. [PMID: 29270220 PMCID: PMC5738095 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-017-0987-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bioflocculation has been developed as a cost-effective and environment-friendly method to harvest multiple microalgae. However, the high production cost of bioflocculants makes it difficult to scale up. In the current study, low-cost bioflocculants were produced from untreated corn stover by a biomass-degrading bacterium Pseudomonas sp. GO2. RESULTS Pseudomonas sp. GO2 showed excellent production ability of bioflocculants through directly hydrolyzing various biomasses. The untreated corn stover was selected as carbon source for bioflocculants' production due to its highest flocculating efficiency compared to that when using other biomasses as carbon source. The effects of fermentation parameters on bioflocculants' production were optimized via response surface methodology. According to the optimal model, an ideal flocculating efficiency of 99.8% was obtained with the fermentation time of 130.46 h, initial pH of 7.46, and biomass content of 0.64%. The relative importance of carboxymethyl cellulase and xylanase accounted for 51.8% in the process of bioflocculants' production by boosted regression tree analysis, further indicating that the bioflocculants were mainly from the hydrolysates of biomass. Biochemical analysis showed that it contained 59.0% polysaccharides with uronic acid (34.2%), 32.1% protein, and 6.1% nucleic acid in the bioflocculants, which had an average molecular weight as 1.33 × 106 Da. In addition, the bioflocculants showed the highest flocculating efficiency at a concentration of 12.5 mg L-1 and were stable over broad ranges of pH and temperature. The highest flocculating efficiencies obtained for Chlorella zofingiensis and Neochloris oleoabundans were 77.9 and 88.9%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The results indicated that Pseudomonas sp. GO2 can directly utilize various untreated lignocellulolytic biomasses to produce low-cost bioflocculants, which showed the high efficiency to harvest two green microalgae in a low GO2 fermentation broth/algal culture ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haipeng Guo
- Department of Biology, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1 Canada
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058 China
| | - Chuntao Hong
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences of Ningbo City, Ningbo, 315040 China
| | - Bingsong Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, 311300 China
| | - Fan Lu
- School of Biological Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, 430068 China
| | - Dean Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058 China
| | - Wensheng Qin
- Department of Biology, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1 Canada
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