51
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Godfrey TC, Wildman BJ, Beloti MM, Kemper AG, Ferraz EP, Roy B, Rehan M, Afreen LH, Kim E, Lengner CJ, Hassan Q. The microRNA-23a cluster regulates the developmental HoxA cluster function during osteoblast differentiation. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:17646-17660. [PMID: 30242124 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.003052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Revised: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRs) and Hox transcription factors have decisive roles in postnatal bone formation and homeostasis. In silico analysis identified extensive interaction between HOXA cluster mRNA and microRNAs from the miR-23a cluster. However, Hox regulation by the miR-23a cluster during osteoblast differentiation remains undefined. We examined this regulation in preosteoblasts and in a novel miR-23a cluster knockdown mouse model. Overexpression and knockdown of the miR-23a cluster in preosteoblasts decreased and increased, respectively, the expression of the proteins HOXA5, HOXA10, and HOXA11; these proteins' mRNAs exhibited significant binding with the miR-23a cluster miRNAs, and miRNA 3'-UTR reporter assays confirmed repression. Importantly, during periods correlating with development and differentiation of bone cells, we found an inverse pattern of expression between HoxA factors and members of the miR-23a cluster. HOXA5 and HOXA11 bound to bone-specific promoters, physically interacted with transcription factor RUNX2, and regulated bone-specific genes. Depletion of HOXA5 or HOXA11 in preosteoblasts also decreased cellular differentiation. Additionally, stable overexpression of the miR-23a cluster in osteoblasts decreased the recruitment of HOXA5 and HOXA11 to osteoblast gene promoters, significantly inhibiting histone H3 acetylation. Heterozygous miR-23a cluster knockdown female mice (miR-23a ClWT/ZIP) had significantly increased trabecular bone mass when compared with WT mice. Furthermore, miR-23a cluster knockdown in calvarial osteoblasts of these mice increased the recruitment of HOXA5 and HOXA11, with a substantial enrichment of promoter histone H3 acetylation. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that the miR-23a cluster is required for maintaining stage-specific HoxA factor expression during osteogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanner C Godfrey
- From the RNA Biology and Epigenetics Laboratory, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294
| | - Benjamin J Wildman
- From the RNA Biology and Epigenetics Laboratory, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294
| | - Marcio M Beloti
- the School of Dentistry of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP 14040-904, Brazil, and
| | - Austin G Kemper
- From the RNA Biology and Epigenetics Laboratory, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294
| | - Emanuela P Ferraz
- the School of Dentistry of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP 14040-904, Brazil, and
| | - Bhaskar Roy
- From the RNA Biology and Epigenetics Laboratory, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294
| | - Mohammad Rehan
- From the RNA Biology and Epigenetics Laboratory, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294
| | - Lubana H Afreen
- From the RNA Biology and Epigenetics Laboratory, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294
| | - Eddy Kim
- From the RNA Biology and Epigenetics Laboratory, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294
| | - Christopher J Lengner
- the Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, and Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104
| | - Quamarul Hassan
- From the RNA Biology and Epigenetics Laboratory, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294,
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52
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Gao Y, Li S, Zhang Z, Yu X, Zheng J. The Role of Long Non-coding RNAs in the Pathogenesis of RA, SLE, and SS. Front Med (Lausanne) 2018; 5:193. [PMID: 30018955 PMCID: PMC6038710 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2018.00193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid diseases are a group of systemic autoimmune diseases which affect multiple organs with largely unknown etiology. In the past decade, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as important regulators of biological processes and contribute deeply to immune cell development and immune responses. Substantial evidences have been accumulated showing that LncRNAs involved in the pathogenesis of the rheumatoid diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and Sjögren's syndrome (SS). In this review, we summarize literature combined with bioinformatics methods to analyze the unique and common lncRNAs patterns in rheumatoid diseases and try to reveal the important function of lncRNAs in RA, SLE and SS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunzhen Gao
- Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Xinxiang Medical University, XinXiang, China
| | - Shasha Li
- Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Xinxiang Medical University, XinXiang, China
| | - Zhongjian Zhang
- Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Xinxiang Medical University, XinXiang, China
| | - Xinhua Yu
- Priority Area Asthma and Allergy, Research Center Borstel, Airway Research Center North, Members of the German Center for Lung Research, Borstel, Germany
| | - Junfeng Zheng
- Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Xinxiang Medical University, XinXiang, China
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53
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Epigenetic mechanisms modify gene activity in a stable manner without altering DNA sequence. They participate in the adaptation to the environment, as well as in the pathogenesis of common complex disorders. We provide an overview of the role of epigenetic mechanisms in bone biology and pathology. RECENT FINDINGS Extensive evidence supports the involvement of epigenetic mechanisms (DNA methylation, post-translational modifications of histone tails, and non-coding RNAs) in the differentiation of bone cells and mechanotransduction. A variety of epigenetic abnormalities have been described in patients with osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, and skeletal cancers, but their actual pathogenetic roles are still unclear. A few drugs targeting epigenetic marks have been approved for neoplastic disorders, and many more are being actively investigated. Advances in the field of epigenetics underscore the complex interactions between genetic and environmental factors as determinants of osteoporosis and other common disorders. Likewise, they help to explain the mechanisms by which prenatal and post-natal external factors, from nutrition to psychological stress, impact our body and influence the risk of later disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvaro Del Real
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital U.M. Valdecilla IDIVAL, University of Cantabria, 39008, Santander, Spain
| | | | - Laura López-Delgado
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital U.M. Valdecilla IDIVAL, University of Cantabria, 39008, Santander, Spain
| | - José A Riancho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital U.M. Valdecilla IDIVAL, University of Cantabria, 39008, Santander, Spain.
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54
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Nardocci G, Carrasco ME, Acevedo E, Hodar C, Meneses C, Montecino M. Identification of a novel long noncoding RNA that promotes osteoblast differentiation. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:7657-7666. [PMID: 29806713 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a heterogeneous class of transcripts, longer than 200 nucleotides, 5'-capped, polyadenylated, and poorly conserved among mammalian species. Several studies have shown the contribution of lncRNAs to different cellular processes, including regulation of the chromatin structure, control of messenger RNA translation, regulation of gene transcription, regulation of embryonic pluripotency, and differentiation. Although limited numbers of functional lncRNAs have been identified so far, the immense regulatory potential of these RNAs is already evident, indicating that a functional characterization of lncRNAs is needed. In this study, mouse preosteoblastic cells were induced to differentiate into osteoblasts. At 3 sequential differentiation stages, total RNA was isolated and libraries were constructed for Illumina sequencing. The resulting sequences were aligned and transcript abundances were determined. New lncRNA candidates that displayed differential expression patterns during osteoblast differentiation were identified by combining bioinformatics and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analyses. Among these, lncRNA-1 that exhibited increased expression during osteogenesis and was downregulated during myogenesis. Importantly, knockdown of lncRNA-1 expression in primary mouse preosteoblasts was found to inhibit osteogenic differentiation, reflected by a reduced transcription of the Runx2/p57 and Sp7 bone master genes. Together, our results indicate that lncRNA-1 represents a new regulatory RNA that plays a relevant role during the early stages of osteogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gino Nardocci
- Center for Biomedical Research, Faculty of Life Sciences and Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile.,FONDAP Center for Genome Regulation, Santiago, Chile
| | - Margarita E Carrasco
- Center for Biomedical Research, Faculty of Life Sciences and Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile.,FONDAP Center for Genome Regulation, Santiago, Chile
| | - Elvis Acevedo
- Center for Biomedical Research, Faculty of Life Sciences and Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile.,FONDAP Center for Genome Regulation, Santiago, Chile
| | - Christian Hodar
- FONDAP Center for Genome Regulation, Santiago, Chile.,Laboratorio de Bioinformática y Expresión Génica, INTA, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Claudio Meneses
- FONDAP Center for Genome Regulation, Santiago, Chile.,Center of Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Martín Montecino
- Center for Biomedical Research, Faculty of Life Sciences and Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile.,FONDAP Center for Genome Regulation, Santiago, Chile
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55
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The small non-coding microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as important post-transcriptional regulators of various physiological and pathological processes. The purpose of this article is to review the important recent advances on the role of miRNAs in bone remodeling and metabolic bone disorders. RECENT FINDINGS In a physiological context, miRNAs regulate bone formation and bone resorption, thereby contributing to the maintenance of bone homeostasis. Under pathological conditions, an aberrant miRNA signaling contributes to the onset and progression of skeletal disorders, such as osteoporosis. Furthermore, miRNAs can be secreted to circulation and have clinical potential as non-invasive biomarkers. In a therapeutic setting, miRNA delivery or antagonism has been reported to affect several diseases under pre-clinical conditions thereby emerging as novel pharmacological tools. miRNAs are key regulators of bone remodeling in health and disease. The future perspectives in the field include the role of secreted miRNAs in cell-cell communication in the bone environment. Furthermore, the clinical potential of using miRNAs as diagnostic tools and therapeutic targets to treat metabolic bone diseases provides an attractive future direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Taipaleenmäki
- Molecular Skeletal Biology Laboratory, Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Research Campus N27, Martinistrasse 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.
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56
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Wu QY, Li X, Miao ZN, Ye JX, Wang B, Zhang F, Xu RS, Jiang DL, Zhao MD, Yuan FL. Long Non-coding RNAs: A New Regulatory Code for Osteoporosis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:587. [PMID: 30349507 PMCID: PMC6186991 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a metabolic bone disease characterized by a decrease in bone mass and degradation of the bone microstructure, which increases bone fragility and fracture risk. However, the molecular mechanisms of osteoporosis remain unclear. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have become important epigenetic regulators controlling the expression of genes and affecting multiple biological processes. Accumulating evidence of the involvement of lncRNAs in bone remolding has increased understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying osteoporosis. This review aims to summarize recent progress in the elucidation of the role of lncRNAs in bone remodeling, and how it contributes to osteoblast and osteoclast function. This knowledge will facilitate the understanding of lncRNA roles in bone biology and shed new light on the modulation and potential treatment of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian-Yuan Wu
- Third Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Xia Li
- Third Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
- *Correspondence: Xia Li
| | - Zong-Ning Miao
- Third Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Jun-Xing Ye
- Third Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Bei Wang
- Third Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Third Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Rui-Sheng Xu
- Third Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Dong-Lin Jiang
- Third Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | | | - Feng Lai Yuan
- Third Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Feng Lai Yuan
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57
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Cen X, Huang XQ, Sun WT, Liu Q, Liu J. Long noncoding RNAs: a new regulatory code in osteoarthritis. Am J Transl Res 2017; 9:4747-4755. [PMID: 29218077 PMCID: PMC5714763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
It is reported that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) were expressed aberrantly in cartilage of osteoarthritis (OA). Current evidence indicates that lncRNAs not only serve as positive or negative regulators of OA, but also crosstalk with multiple potential targets to impact on the critical events in OA process. This review summarized the lncRNAs identified in OA to date, discussed their influence on the survival of chondrocytes and synoviocytes, arthritis-associated factors, and angiogenesis, and indicated the potential in diagnosis, therapy, and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Cen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan UniversityChengdu, China
| | - Xin-Qi Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan UniversityChengdu, China
| | - Wen-Tian Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan UniversityChengdu, China
| | - Qing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan UniversityChengdu, China
| | - Jun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan UniversityChengdu, China
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58
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Wu WY, Tao SQ, Wang XN, Lobie PE, Wu ZS. XIAP 3'-untranslated region serves as a competitor for HMGA2 by arresting endogenous let-7a-5p in human hepatocellular carcinoma. Tumour Biol 2017; 39:1010428317719578. [PMID: 28691642 DOI: 10.1177/1010428317719578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein functions as an intrinsic regulator of apoptosis by inhibition of caspase activity and possesses a pivotal role in human cancer development and progression. A growing body of literature has demonstrated that microRNAs lead to the degradation or translational repression of messenger RNAs by binding to the non-coding region of messenger RNA at the 3'-untranslated region. Here, we revealed that the expression of HMGA2 is upregulated with X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein after transfection of X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein 3'-untranslated region in hepatocellular carcinoma cells, suggesting that X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein 3'-untranslated region serves as a competitor for microRNAs and prevent the co-targeted messenger RNA, HMGA2, from being suppressed. We further identified that let-7a-5p could bind to both the X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein 3'-untranslated region and HMGA2 3'-untranslated region. Moreover, we demonstrated that the forced expression of X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein 3'-untranslated region increases the oncogenicity of hepatocellular carcinoma cells in vitro. Cell functional analyses were performed to examine the association of HMGA2 status and X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein 3'-untranslated region. We have also measured the functional readout of let-7a-5p and HMGA2, an assay often employed to provide substantial evidence for the effects of X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein 3'-untranslated region on hepatocellular carcinoma cells. In general, our findings suggest that X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein 3'-untranslated region serves as a competitive endogenous RNA for HMGA2 to activate hepatocellular carcinoma progression by arresting endogenous let-7a-5p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Yong Wu
- 1 Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Si-Qi Tao
- 2 Department of Pathology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiao-Nan Wang
- 3 Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Peter E Lobie
- 4 Cancer Science Institute of Singapore and Department of Pharmacology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,5 Tsinghua Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Tsinghua University Graduate School at Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zheng-Sheng Wu
- 2 Department of Pathology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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59
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Steinbusch MMF, Caron MMJ, Surtel DAM, Friedrich F, Lausch E, Pruijn GJM, Verhesen W, Schroen BLM, van Rhijn LW, Zabel B, Welting TJM. Expression of RMRP RNA is regulated in chondrocyte hypertrophy and determines chondrogenic differentiation. Sci Rep 2017; 7:6440. [PMID: 28743979 PMCID: PMC5527100 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-06809-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the RMRP-gene, encoding the lncRNA component of the RNase MRP complex, are the origin of cartilage-hair hypoplasia. Cartilage-hair hypoplasia is associated with severe dwarfism caused by impaired skeletal development. However, it is not clear why mutations in RMRP RNA lead to skeletal dysplasia. Since chondrogenic differentiation of the growth plate is required for development of long bones, we hypothesized that RMRP RNA plays a pivotal role in chondrogenic differentiation. Expression of Rmrp RNA and RNase MRP protein subunits was detected in the murine growth plate and during the course of chondrogenic differentiation of ATDC5 cultures, where Rmrp RNA expression was found to be correlated with chondrocyte hypertrophy. Genetic interference with Rmrp RNA expression in ATDC5 cultures caused a deregulation of chondrogenic differentiation, with a prominent impact on hypertrophy and changes in pre-rRNA processing and rRNA levels. Promoter reporter studies showed that Rmrp RNA expression responds to chondrogenic morphogens. Chondrogenic trans-differentiation of cartilage-hair hypoplasia fibroblasts was impaired with a pronounced impact on hypertrophic differentiation. Together, our data show that RMRP RNA expression is regulated during different stages of chondrogenic differentiation and indicate that RMRP RNA may play a pivotal role in chondrocyte hypertrophy, with potential consequences for CHH pathobiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandy M F Steinbusch
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Marjolein M J Caron
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Don A M Surtel
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Franziska Friedrich
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ekkehart Lausch
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ger J M Pruijn
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials and Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Wouter Verhesen
- Center for Heart Failure Research, Department of Cardiology, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Blanche L M Schroen
- Center for Heart Failure Research, Department of Cardiology, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Lodewijk W van Rhijn
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Bernhard Zabel
- Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke-University of Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Tim J M Welting
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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60
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Epigenetic aspects of rheumatoid arthritis: contribution of non-coding RNAs. Semin Arthritis Rheum 2017; 46:724-731. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semarthrit.2017.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Revised: 11/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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61
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LncRNA, TUG1 regulates the oral squamous cell carcinoma progression possibly via interacting with Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Gene 2017; 608:49-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2017.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Revised: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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62
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Mo Y, Lu Y, Wang P, Huang S, He L, Li D, Li F, Huang J, Lin X, Li X, Che S, Chen Q. Long non-coding RNA XIST promotes cell growth by regulating miR-139-5p/PDK1/AKT axis in hepatocellular carcinoma. Tumour Biol 2017; 39:1010428317690999. [PMID: 28231734 DOI: 10.1177/1010428317690999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormal expression of long non-coding RNA often contributes to unrestricted growth of cancer cells. Long non-coding RNA XIST expression is upregulated in several cancers; however, its modulatory mechanisms have not been reported in hepatocellular carcinoma. In this study, we found that XIST expression was significantly increased in hepatocellular carcinoma tissues and cell lines. XIST promoted cell cycle progression from the G1 phase to the S phase and protected cells from apoptosis, which contributed to hepatocellular carcinoma cell growth. In addition, we revealed that there was reciprocal repression between XIST and miR-139-5p. PDK1 was identified as a direct target of miR-139-5p. We proposed that XIST was responsible for hepatocellular carcinoma cell proliferation, and XIST exerted its function through the miR-139-5p/PDK1 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichao Mo
- 1 Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Gaozhou People's Hospital, Gaozhou, China
| | - Yaoyong Lu
- 2 Department of Radiation Oncology, Gaozhou People's Hospital, Gaozhou, China
| | - Peng Wang
- 3 Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau
| | - Simin Huang
- 4 Graduate School of Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Longguang He
- 1 Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Gaozhou People's Hospital, Gaozhou, China
| | - Dasheng Li
- 1 Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Gaozhou People's Hospital, Gaozhou, China
| | - Fuliang Li
- 1 Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Gaozhou People's Hospital, Gaozhou, China
| | - Junwei Huang
- 1 Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Gaozhou People's Hospital, Gaozhou, China
| | - Xiaoxia Lin
- 1 Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Gaozhou People's Hospital, Gaozhou, China
| | - Xueru Li
- 5 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shenzhen Nanshan Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Siyao Che
- 1 Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Gaozhou People's Hospital, Gaozhou, China
| | - Qinshou Chen
- 1 Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Gaozhou People's Hospital, Gaozhou, China
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63
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64
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Jia J, Zhou H, Zeng X, Feng S. Estrogen stimulates osteoprotegerin expression via the suppression of miR-145 expression in MG-63 cells. Mol Med Rep 2017; 15:1539-1546. [PMID: 28260003 PMCID: PMC5364970 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoprotegerin (OPG) is implicated in the pathogenesis of postmenopausal osteoporosis, and other metabolic bone diseases caused by estrogen deficiency. Previous studies have demonstrated that estrogen may stimulate OPG expression in osteoblast cells at the transcriptional level; however, whether estrogen can regulate OPG expression at a post-transcriptional level remains elusive. The present study aimed to investigate the role of microRNA (miRNA) in estrogen-mediated OPG production in human osteoblast-like MG-63 cells. The results from ELISA, western blotting and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) confirmed that estrogen may upregulate OPG expression. Mechanistic studies indicated that estrogen increased the activity of a luciferase reporter harboring the OPG 3′-untranslated region (3′-UTR). Bioinformatics analysis demonstrated that there is a potential targeting site in the OPG 3′-UTR for miRNA (miR)-145, which is associated with osteoblast differentiation. The results of an RT-qPCR suggested that estrogen suppressed miR-145 expression. In addition, dual-luciferase assay, RT-qPCR and western blot analysis indicated that miR-145 directly targets and negatively regulates OPG expression. Furthermore, transfection of cells with miR-145 mimics was able to partially inhibit the induction of OPG expression by estrogen, thus confirming the role of miR-145 in estrogen-mediated OPG induction. Taken together, the results of the present study demonstrated that estrogen may post-transcriptionally regulate OPG expression through suppression of miR-145 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Jia
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Hengxing Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Xiantie Zeng
- Department of Surgery of Foot and Ankle, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin 300211, P.R. China
| | - Shiqing Feng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
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65
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Zhang Y, Gao Y, Cai L, Li F, Lou Y, Xu N, Kang Y, Yang H. MicroRNA-221 is involved in the regulation of osteoporosis through regulates RUNX2 protein expression and osteoblast differentiation. Am J Transl Res 2017; 9:126-135. [PMID: 28123639 PMCID: PMC5250709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2015] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION MicroRNAs (miRNAs) has emerged as important factors in osteogenesis and chondrogenesis. This study aimed to determine whether miR-221 is involved in the regulation of osteoporosis and its underlying mechanism. METHODS Total RNA was extracted from fresh femoral neck trabecular bone from women undergoing hip replacement due to either osteoporotic fracture (OP group, n = 12) or osteoarthritis in the absence of osteoporosis (Control group, n = 12). Gene expression was quantified using TaqMan quantitative RT-PCR assays and protein production was determined by western blot analysis. The role of miR-221 in osteoblast differentiation was identified by gain or loss function experiment. MiRNA targets were identified using bioinformatics and luciferase reporter assay. RESULTS MiR-221 was down-regulated in the osteoporotic samples compared with non-osteoporotic controls, and decreased in a C2C12 cell model of osteogenic differentiation. Overexpression of miR-221 resulted in a decrease in the osteogenic potential, as indicated by the reduced expression levels of key osteoblast markers, including osteocalcin (OC), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and collagen, type I, α 1 (COL1A1), whereas inhibition of miR-221 promoted the activity of OC, ALP and COL1A1. Then bioinformatic analysis identified potential target sites of the miR-221 located in the 3' untranslated regions of RUNX2. Western blot analysis demonstrated that miR-221 inhibited RUNX2 gene expression. Furthermore, dual-luciferase reporter assays confirmed that RUNX2 was a direct target of miR-221. Rescue experiments showed that overexpression of RUNX2 significantly attenuated the effect of miR-221 on osteoblast markers providing strong evidence that miR-221 mediated the osteoblast differentiation by targeting RUNX2. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, these data implied that miR-221 played an important part in osteoporosis through regulating RUNX2 expression and osteoblast differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinquan Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215006, China
| | - Yulei Gao
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Second Military Medical UniversityShanghai 201805, China
| | - Lijun Cai
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215006, China
| | - Fengning Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Second Military Medical UniversityShanghai 201805, China
| | - Yi Lou
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Second Military Medical UniversityShanghai 201805, China
| | - Ning Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Second Military Medical UniversityShanghai 201805, China
| | - Yifan Kang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Second Military Medical UniversityShanghai 201805, China
| | - Huilin Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215006, China
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Abstract
Bone is a major organ in the skeletal system that supports and protects muscles and other organs, facilitates movement and hematopoiesis, and forms a reservoir of minerals including calcium. The cells in the bone, such as osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and osteocytes, orchestrate sequential and balanced regulatory mechanisms to maintain bone and are capable of differentiating in bones. Bone development and remodeling require a precise regulation of gene expressions in bone cells, a process governed by epigenetic mechanisms such as histone modification, DNA methylation, and chromatin structure. Importantly, lineage-specific transcription factors can determine the epigenetic regulation of bone cells. Emerging data suggest that perturbation of epigenetic programs can affect the function and activity of bone cells and contributes to pathogenesis of bone diseases, including osteoporosis. Thus, understanding epigenetic regulations in bone cells would be important for early diagnosis and future therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Hyun Park-Min
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program and David C. Rosensweig Center for Genomics Research, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY USA,Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
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Wang H, Meng Y, Cui Q, Qin F, Yang H, Chen Y, Cheng Y, Shi J, Guo Y. MiR-101 Targets the EZH2/Wnt/β-Catenin the Pathway to Promote the Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Sci Rep 2016; 6:36988. [PMID: 27845386 PMCID: PMC5109541 DOI: 10.1038/srep36988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mounting evidence indicates that microRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in multiple processes of osteogenic differentiation. MicroRNA-101 (miR-101), identified as a tumor suppressor, has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several types of cancer. However, the expression of miR-101 and its roles in the osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) remain unclear. We found that the miR-101 expression level was significantly increased during the osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs. MiR-101 depletion suppressed osteogenic differentiation, whereas the overexpression of miR-101 was sufficient to promote this process. We further demonstrated that enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) was a target gene of miR-101. EZH2 overexpression and depletion reversed the promoting or suppressing effect of osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs, respectively, caused by miR-101. In addition, we showed that miR-101 overexpression promoted the expression of Wnt genes, resulting in the activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway by targeting EZH2, while the activity of β-catenin and the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway was inhibited by ICG-001, a β-Catenin inhibitor, which reversed the promoting effect of miR-101. Finally, miR-101 also promotes in vivo bone formation by hBMSCs. Collectively, these data suggest that miR-101 is induced by osteogenic stimuli and promotes osteogenic differentiation at least partly by targeting the EZH2/Wnt/β-Catenin signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongrui Wang
- Departmentof Orthopaedics, Changzheng Hospital, The Second Military Medical University of China, 415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China
| | - Yake Meng
- Departmentof Orthopaedics, Changzheng Hospital, The Second Military Medical University of China, 415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China
| | - Quanjun Cui
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery,University of Virginia, 400 Ray C. Hunt Drive, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
| | - Fujun Qin
- Department of Pathology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville VA 22908, USA
| | - Haisong Yang
- Departmentof Orthopaedics, Changzheng Hospital, The Second Military Medical University of China, 415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China
| | - Yu Chen
- Departmentof Orthopaedics, Changzheng Hospital, The Second Military Medical University of China, 415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China
| | - Yajun Cheng
- Department of Orthopaedics,Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University of China, 168 Changhai Road, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Jiangang Shi
- Departmentof Orthopaedics, Changzheng Hospital, The Second Military Medical University of China, 415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China
| | - Yongfei Guo
- Departmentof Orthopaedics, Changzheng Hospital, The Second Military Medical University of China, 415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China
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68
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Zhou QZ, Zhang B, Yu QY, Zhang Z. BmncRNAdb: a comprehensive database of non-coding RNAs in the silkworm, Bombyx mori. BMC Bioinformatics 2016; 17:370. [PMID: 27623959 PMCID: PMC5022206 DOI: 10.1186/s12859-016-1251-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2015] [Accepted: 09/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) may play critical roles in a wide range of developmental processes of higher organisms. Recently, lncRNAs have been widely identified across eukaryotes and many databases of lncRNAs have been developed for human, mouse, fruit fly, etc. However, there is rare information about them in the only completely domesticated insect, silkworm (Bombyx mori). DESCRIPTION In this study, we systematically scanned lncRNAs using the available silkworm RNA-seq data and public unigenes. Finally, we identified and collected 6281 lncRNAs in the silkworm. Besides, we also collected 1986 microRNAs (miRNAs) from previous studies. Then, we organized them into a comprehensive and web-based database, BmncRNAdb. This database offers a user-friendly interface for data browse and online analysis as well as the three online tools for users to predict the target genes of lncRNA or miRNA. CONCLUSIONS We have systematically identified and collected the silkworm lncRNAs and constructed a comprehensive database of the silkworm lncRNAs and miRNAs. This work gives a glimpse into lncRNAs of the silkworm and lays foundations for the ncRNAs study of the silkworm and other insects in the future. The BmncRNAdb is freely available at http://gene.cqu.edu.cn/BmncRNAdb/index.php .
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiu-Zhong Zhou
- Laboratory of Evolutionary and Functional Genomics, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Huxi Campus, No. 55 Daxuecheng South Rd., Shapingba, Chongqing, 401331 China
| | - Bindan Zhang
- School of Economics and Business Administration, Chongqing University, Campus A, No. 174 Shazheng Rd., Shapingba, Chongqing, 400044 China
| | - Quan-You Yu
- Laboratory of Evolutionary and Functional Genomics, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Huxi Campus, No. 55 Daxuecheng South Rd., Shapingba, Chongqing, 401331 China
| | - Ze Zhang
- Laboratory of Evolutionary and Functional Genomics, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Huxi Campus, No. 55 Daxuecheng South Rd., Shapingba, Chongqing, 401331 China
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69
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Scarpato M, Angelini C, Cocca E, Pallotta MM, Morescalchi MA, Capriglione T. Short interspersed DNA elements and miRNAs: a novel hidden gene regulation layer in zebrafish? Chromosome Res 2016; 23:533-44. [PMID: 26363800 DOI: 10.1007/s10577-015-9484-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated by in silico analysis the possible correlation between microRNAs (miRNAs) and Anamnia V-SINEs (a superfamily of short interspersed nuclear elements), which belong to those retroposon families that have been preserved in vertebrate genomes for millions of years and are actively transcribed because they are embedded in the 3' untranslated region (UTR) of several genes. We report the results of the analysis of the genomic distribution of these mobile elements in zebrafish (Danio rerio) and discuss their involvement in generating miRNA gene loci. The computational study showed that the genes predicted to bear V-SINEs can be targeted by miRNAs with a very high hybridization E-value. Gene ontology analysis indicates that these genes are mainly involved in metabolic, membrane, and cytoplasmic signaling pathways. Nearly all the miRNAs that were predicted to target the V-SINEs of these genes, i.e., miR-338, miR-9, miR-181, miR-724, miR-735, and miR-204, have been validated in similar regulatory roles in mammals. The large number of genes bearing a V-SINE involved in metabolic and cellular processes suggests that V-SINEs may play a role in modulating cell responses to different stimuli and in preserving the metabolic balance during cell proliferation and differentiation. Although they need experimental validation, these preliminary results suggest that in the genome of D. rerio, as in other TE families in vertebrates, the preservation of V-SINE retroposons may also have been favored by their putative role in gene network modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Claudia Angelini
- Istituto per le Applicazioni del Calcolo "M. Picone", CNR, via P. Castellino, 80131, Napoli, Italy
| | - Ennio Cocca
- IBBR-CNR, via P. Castellino, 80131, Napoli, Italy
| | - Maria M Pallotta
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Napoli Federico II, via Cinthia 21, 80126, Napoli, Italy
| | - Maria A Morescalchi
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Napoli Federico II, via Cinthia 21, 80126, Napoli, Italy
| | - Teresa Capriglione
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Napoli Federico II, via Cinthia 21, 80126, Napoli, Italy.
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70
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Lopes HB, Ferraz EP, Almeida ALG, Florio P, Gimenes R, Rosa AL, Beloti MM. Participation of MicroRNA-34a and RANKL on bone repair induced by poly(vinylidene-trifluoroethylene)/barium titanate membrane. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2016; 27:1369-79. [PMID: 27312544 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2016.1203217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The poly(vinylidene-trifluoroethylene)/barium titanate (PVDF) membrane enhances in vitro osteoblast differentiation and in vivo bone repair. Here, we hypothesized that this higher bone repair could be also due to bone resorption inhibition mediated by a microRNA (miR)/RANKL circuit. To test our hypothesis, the large-scale miR expression of bone tissue grown on PVDF and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) membranes was evaluated to identify potential RANKL-targeted miRs modulated by PVDF. The animal model used was rat calvarial defects implanted with either PVDF or PTFE. At 4 and 8 weeks, the bone tissue grown on membranes was submitted to a large-scale analysis of miRs by microarray. The expression of miR-34a and some of its targets, including RANKL, were evaluated by real-time polimerase chain reaction and osteoclast activity was detected by tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining. Among more than 250 miRs, twelve, including miR-34a, were simultaneously higher expressed (≥2 fold) at 4 and 8 weeks on PVDF. The higher expression of miR-34a was concomitant with a reduced expression of all its evaluated targets, including RANKL. Additionally, more TRAP-positive cells were observed in bone tissue grown on PTFE compared with PVDF in both time points. In conclusion, our results suggest that the higher bone formation induced by PVDF could be, at least in part, triggered by a miR-34a increase and RANKL decrease, which may inhibit osteoclast differentiation and activity, and bone resorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena B Lopes
- a Cell Culture Laboratory , School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo , Ribeirão Preto , Brazil
| | - Emanuela P Ferraz
- a Cell Culture Laboratory , School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo , Ribeirão Preto , Brazil
| | - Adriana L G Almeida
- a Cell Culture Laboratory , School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo , Ribeirão Preto , Brazil
| | - Pedro Florio
- a Cell Culture Laboratory , School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo , Ribeirão Preto , Brazil
| | - Rossano Gimenes
- b Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Federal University of Itajubá , Itajubá , Brazil
| | - Adalberto L Rosa
- a Cell Culture Laboratory , School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo , Ribeirão Preto , Brazil
| | - Marcio M Beloti
- a Cell Culture Laboratory , School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo , Ribeirão Preto , Brazil
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71
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Nollet E, Hoymans VY, Van Craenenbroeck AH, Vrints CJ, Van Craenenbroeck EM. Improving stem cell therapy in cardiovascular diseases: the potential role of microRNA. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2016; 311:H207-18. [PMID: 27208159 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00239.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The initial promising prospect of autologous bone marrow-derived stem cell therapy in the setting of cardiovascular diseases has been overshadowed by functional shortcomings of the stem cell product. As powerful epigenetic regulators of (stem) cell function, microRNAs are valuable targets for novel therapeutic strategies. Indeed, modulation of specific miRNA expression could contribute to improved therapeutic efficacy of stem cell therapy. First, this review elaborates on the functional relevance of miRNA dysregulation in bone marrow-derived progenitor cells in different cardiovascular diseases. Next, we provide a comprehensive overview of the current evidence on the effect of specific miRNA modulation in several types of progenitor cells on cardiac and/or vascular regeneration. By elaborating on the cardioprotective regulation of progenitor cells on cardiac miRNAs, more insight in the underlying mechanisms of stem cell therapy is provided. Finally, some considerations are made regarding the potential of circulating miRNAs as regulators of the miRNA signature of progenitor cells in cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelien Nollet
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium; Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Translational Pathophysiological Research, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Vicky Y Hoymans
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium; Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Translational Pathophysiological Research, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Amaryllis H Van Craenenbroeck
- Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Translational Pathophysiological Research, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; Department of Nephrology, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium; Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; and
| | - Christiaan J Vrints
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium; Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Translational Pathophysiological Research, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Emeline M Van Craenenbroeck
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium; Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Translational Pathophysiological Research, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
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Cosar E, Mamillapalli R, Ersoy GS, Cho S, Seifer B, Taylor HS. Serum microRNAs as diagnostic markers of endometriosis: a comprehensive array-based analysis. Fertil Steril 2016; 106:402-9. [PMID: 27179784 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2016.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Revised: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate serum microRNAs (miRNAs) in women with endometriosis. DESIGN Case-control study. SETTING University hospital. PATIENT(S) Women with (n = 24) and without (n = 24) endometriosis. INTERVENTION(S) Serum samples were obtained from surgically diagnosed subjects. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) miRNA from women with without endometriosis were used for microarray profiling and confirmed by means of quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed on differentially expressed miRNAs. RESULT(S) miR-3613-5p, miR-6755-3p were down-regulated and miR-125b-5p, miR-150-5p, miR-342-3p, miR-143-3p, miR-145-5p, miR-500a-3p, miR-451a, miR-18a-5p were up-regulated more than 10-fold in the microarray. These results were confirmed with the use of qRT-PCR. Among the differentially expressed miRNAs, miR-125b-5p expression levels had the highest area under the ROC curve (AUC). The maximum AUC score of 1.000 was achieved when combining miR-125b-5p, miR-451a, and miR-3613-5p with the use of a logistic regression model. CONCLUSION(S) We identified several miRNAs in serum that distinguished subjects with endometriosis from those without. miR-125b-5p had the greatest potential as a single diagnostic biomarker. A combination of that miRNA with miR-451a and miR-3613-5p further improved diagnostic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emine Cosar
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Ramanaiah Mamillapalli
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.
| | - Gulcin Sahin Ersoy
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - SihYun Cho
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Benjamin Seifer
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Hugh S Taylor
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
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73
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Sierra MI, Fernández AF, Fraga MF. Epigenetics of Aging. Curr Genomics 2016; 16:435-40. [PMID: 27019618 PMCID: PMC4765531 DOI: 10.2174/1389202916666150817203459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Revised: 06/20/2015] [Accepted: 06/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The best-known phenomenon exemplifying epigenetic drift (the alteration of epigenetic patterns during aging) is the gradual decrease of global DNA methylation. Aging cells, different tissue types, as well as a variety of human diseases possess their own distinct DNA methylation profiles, although the functional impact of these is not always clear. DNA methylation appears to be a dynamic tool of transcriptional regulation, with an extra layer of complexity due to the recent discovery of the conversion of 5-methylcytosine into 5-hydroxymethylcytosine. This age-related DNA demethylation is associated with changes in histone modification patterns and, furthermore, we now know that ncRNAs have evolved in eukaryotes as epigenetic regulators of gene expression. In this review, we will discuss current knowledge on how all these epigenetic phenomena are implicated in human aging, and their links with external, internal and stochastic factors which can affect human age-related diseases onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta I Sierra
- Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory, Institute of Oncology of Asturias (IUOPA), HUCA, Universidad de Oviedo and Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology Research Center (CINN-CSIC)-Universidad de Oviedo (UO) -Principado de Asturias, Spain
| | - Agustín F Fernández
- Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory, Institute of Oncology of Asturias (IUOPA), HUCA, Universidad de Oviedo and Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology Research Center (CINN-CSIC)-Universidad de Oviedo (UO) -Principado de Asturias, Spain
| | - Mario F Fraga
- Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory, Institute of Oncology of Asturias (IUOPA), HUCA, Universidad de Oviedo and Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology Research Center (CINN-CSIC)-Universidad de Oviedo (UO) -Principado de Asturias, Spain
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74
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Ramazzotti G, Bavelloni A, Blalock W, Piazzi M, Cocco L, Faenza I. BMP-2 Induced Expression of PLCβ1 That is a Positive Regulator of Osteoblast Differentiation. J Cell Physiol 2016. [PMID: 26217938 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) is a critical growth factor that directs osteoblast differentiation and bone formation. Phosphoinositide-phospholipase Cβ 1 (PLCβ1) plays a crucial role in the initiation of the genetic program responsible for muscle differentiation. Differentiation of C2C12 mouse myoblasts in response to insulin stimulation is characterized by a marked increase in nuclear PLCβ1. Here, the function of PLCβ1 in the osteogenic differentiation was investigated. Briefly, in C2C12 cells treated with BMP-2 we assist to a remarkable increase in PLCβ1 protein and mRNA expression. The data regarding the influence on differentiation demonstrated that PLCβ1 promotes osteogenic differentiation by up-regulating alkaline phosphatase (ALP). Moreover, PLCβ1 is present in the nuclear compartment of these cells and overexpression of a cytosolic-PLCβ1mutant (cyt-PLCβ1), which lacks a nuclear localization sequence, prevented the differentiation of C2C12 cells into osteocytes. Recent evidence indicates that miRNAs act as important post transcriptional regulators in a large number of processes, including osteoblast differentiation. Since miR-214 is a regulator of Osterix (Osx) which is an osteoblast-specific transcription factor that is needful for osteoblast differentiation and bone formation, we further investigated whether PLCβ1 could be a potential target of miR-214 in the control of osteogenic differentiation by gain- and loss- of function experiment. The results indicated that inhibition of miR-214 in C2C12 cells significantly enhances the protein level of PLCβ1 and promotes C2C12 BMP-2-induced osteogenesis by targeting PLCβ1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Ramazzotti
- Cell Signaling Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alberto Bavelloni
- SC Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Cell Biology, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Bologna, Italy
- Laboratory RAMSES, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Bologna, Italy
| | - William Blalock
- CNR-National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Molecular Genetics, Bologna, Italy
| | - Manuela Piazzi
- Cell Signaling Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Lucio Cocco
- Cell Signaling Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Irene Faenza
- Cell Signaling Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Szulc P. Abdominal aortic calcification: A reappraisal of epidemiological and pathophysiological data. Bone 2016; 84:25-37. [PMID: 26688274 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2015.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2015] [Revised: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In men and women, there is a significant association between the risk of cardiovascular event (myocardial infarction, stroke) and risk of major fragility fracture (hip, vertebra). Abdominal aortic calcification (AAC) can be assessed using semiquantitative scores on spine radiographs and spine scans obtained by DXA. Severe AAC is associated with higher risk of major cardiovascular event. Not only does severe AAC reflect poor cardiovascular health status, but also directly disturbs blood flow in the vascular system. Severe (but not mild or moderate) AAC is associated with lower bone mineral density (BMD), faster bone loss and higher risk of major fragility fracture. The fracture risk remains increased after adjustment for BMD and other potential risk factors. The association between severe AAC and fracture risk was found in both sexes, mainly in the follow-ups of less than 10years. Many factors contribute to initiation and progression of AAC: lifestyle, co-morbidities, inorganic ions, dyslipidemia, hormones, cytokines (e.g. inflammatory cytokines, RANKL), matrix vesicles, microRNAs, structural proteins (e.g. elastin), vitamin K-dependent proteins, and medications (e.g. vitamin K antagonists). Osteogenic transdifferentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) and circulating osteoprogenitors penetrating into vascular wall plays a major role in the AAC initiation and progression. Vitamin K-dependent proteins protect vascular tunica media against formation of calcified deposits (matrix GLA protein, GLA-rich protein) and against VSMC apoptosis (Gas6). Further studies are needed to investigate clinical utility of AAC for the assessment of fracture and cardiovascular risk at the individual level and develop new medications permitting to prevent AAC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pawel Szulc
- INSERM UMR 1033, University of Lyon, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Lyon, France.
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76
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Abstract
Epigenetic control of the genome involves a complex series of unique, physiologically responsive and integrated pathways, each with distinct mechanisms. Insight into epigenetic regulation has transformed understanding of inheritance, development and a broad spectrum of biological processes as well as advances in mechanistic and clinical characterization of tissues and disease states. The dynamics of bone tissue undergoing continuous remodeling during growth and turnover in the adult skeleton, involves epigenetic mechanisms that have emerged as an important component to maintaining skeletal homeostasis. A series of four reviews are presented in the journal BONE covering different aspects of epigenetic control mechanisms that have impacted on the skeleton. Authorship on each of the reviews is shared by investigators from different institutions to present a consensus of emerging concepts and future directions for understanding regulation of the bone epigenome and skeletal pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane B Lian
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Vermont College of Medicine and Cancer Center, 89 Beaumont Ave, Burlington, VT 05405, USA.
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