51
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Riest J, Nägele G, Liu Y, Wagner NJ, Godfrin PD. Short-time dynamics of lysozyme solutions with competing short-range attraction and long-range repulsion: Experiment and theory. J Chem Phys 2018; 148:065101. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5016517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Riest
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, ICS-3–Soft Condensed Matter, 52428 Jülich, Germany and Jülich-Aachen Research Alliance JARA–Soft Matter, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Gerhard Nägele
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, ICS-3–Soft Condensed Matter, 52428 Jülich, Germany and Jülich-Aachen Research Alliance JARA–Soft Matter, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Yun Liu
- Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA and Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - Norman J. Wagner
- Center for Neutron Science, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - P. Douglas Godfrin
- Center for Neutron Science, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
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52
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Castellanos MM, Howell SC, Gallagher DT, Curtis JE. Characterization of the NISTmAb Reference Material using small-angle scattering and molecular simulation. Anal Bioanal Chem 2018; 410:2141-2159. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-018-0868-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Revised: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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53
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Characterization of the NISTmAb Reference Material using small-angle scattering and molecular simulation. Anal Bioanal Chem 2018; 410:2161-2171. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-018-0869-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Revised: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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54
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Manning MC, Liu J, Li T, Holcomb RE. Rational Design of Liquid Formulations of Proteins. THERAPEUTIC PROTEINS AND PEPTIDES 2018; 112:1-59. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2018.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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55
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Practical Considerations for High Concentration Protein Formulations. CHALLENGES IN PROTEIN PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-90603-4_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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56
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Calero-Rubio C, Ghosh R, Saluja A, Roberts CJ. Predicting Protein-Protein Interactions of Concentrated Antibody Solutions Using Dilute Solution Data and Coarse-Grained Molecular Models. J Pharm Sci 2017; 107:1269-1281. [PMID: 29274822 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2017.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2017] [Revised: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Protein-protein interactions for solutions of an IgG1 molecule were quantified using static light scattering (SLS) measurements from low to high protein concentrations (c2). SLS was used to determine second osmotic virial coefficients (B22) at low c2, and excess Rayleigh profiles (Rex/K vs. c2) and zero-q structure factors (Sq=0) as a function of c2 at higher c2 for a series of conditions (pH, sucrose concentration, and total ionic strength [TIS]). Repulsive (attractive) interactions were observed at low TIS (high TIS) for pH 5 and 6.5, with increasing repulsions when 5% w/w sucrose was also present. Previously developed and refined coarse-grained antibody models were used to fit model parameters from B22 versus TIS data. The resulting parameters from low-c2 conditions were used as the sole input to multiprotein Monte Carlo simulations to predict high-c2Rex/K and Sq=0 behavior up to 150 g/L. Experimental results at high-c2 conditions were quantitatively predicted by the simulations for the coarse-grained models that treated antibody molecules as either 6 or 12 (sub) domains, which preserved the basic shape of a monoclonal antibody. Finally, preferential accumulation of sucrose around the protein surface was identified via high-precision density measurements, which self-consistently explained the simulation and experimental SLS results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cesar Calero-Rubio
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716
| | - Ranendu Ghosh
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716
| | - Atul Saluja
- Department of Drug Product Science and Technology, Bristol-Myers Squibb, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901
| | - Christopher J Roberts
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716.
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57
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Castellanos MM, Snyder JA, Lee M, Chakravarthy S, Clark NJ, McAuley A, Curtis JE. Characterization of Monoclonal Antibody-Protein Antigen Complexes Using Small-Angle Scattering and Molecular Modeling. Antibodies (Basel) 2017; 6:25. [PMID: 30364605 PMCID: PMC6197476 DOI: 10.3390/antib6040025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The determination of monoclonal antibody interactions with protein antigens in solution can lead to important insights guiding physical characterization and molecular engineering of therapeutic targets. We used small-angle scattering (SAS) combined with size-exclusion multi-angle light scattering high-performance liquid chromatography to obtain monodisperse samples with defined stoichiometry to study an anti-streptavidin monoclonal antibody interacting with tetrameric streptavidin. Ensembles of structures with both monodentate and bidentate antibody-antigen complexes were generated using molecular docking protocols and molecular simulations. By comparing theoretical SAS profiles to the experimental data it was determined that the primary component(s) were compact monodentate and/or bidentate complexes. SAS profiles of extended monodentate complexes were not consistent with the experimental data. These results highlight the capability for determining the shape of monoclonal antibody-antigen complexes in solution using SAS data and physics-based molecular modeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Monica Castellanos
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Mail Stop 6102, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA; (M.M.C.); (J.A.S.); (M.L.)
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, 9600 Gudelsky Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - James A. Snyder
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Mail Stop 6102, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA; (M.M.C.); (J.A.S.); (M.L.)
| | - Melody Lee
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Mail Stop 6102, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA; (M.M.C.); (J.A.S.); (M.L.)
| | - Srinivas Chakravarthy
- Biophysics Collaborative Access Team-Sector 18ID, Illinois Institute of Technology, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA;
| | - Nicholas J. Clark
- Department of Drug Product Development, Amgen Incorporated, One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, CA 91230, USA; (N.J.C.); (A.M.)
| | - Arnold McAuley
- Department of Drug Product Development, Amgen Incorporated, One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, CA 91230, USA; (N.J.C.); (A.M.)
| | - Joseph E. Curtis
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Mail Stop 6102, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA; (M.M.C.); (J.A.S.); (M.L.)
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58
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High-concentration protein formulations: How high is high? Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2017; 119:353-360. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2017.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Revised: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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59
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Corbett D, Hebditch M, Keeling R, Ke P, Ekizoglou S, Sarangapani P, Pathak J, Van Der Walle CF, Uddin S, Baldock C, Avendaño C, Curtis RA. Coarse-Grained Modeling of Antibodies from Small-Angle Scattering Profiles. J Phys Chem B 2017; 121:8276-8290. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.7b04621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Corbett
- School
of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science, The University of Manchester, Sackville Street, Manchester, M13 9PL, U.K
| | - Max Hebditch
- School
of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science, The University of Manchester, Sackville Street, Manchester, M13 9PL, U.K
| | - Rose Keeling
- School
of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science, The University of Manchester, Sackville Street, Manchester, M13 9PL, U.K
| | - Peng Ke
- Formulation
Sciences, MedImmune Ltd, Aaron Klug Building, Granta Park, Cambridge, CB21 6GH, U.K
| | - Sofia Ekizoglou
- Formulation
Sciences, MedImmune Ltd, Aaron Klug Building, Granta Park, Cambridge, CB21 6GH, U.K
| | - Prasad Sarangapani
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, 777
Old Saw Mill River Road, Tarrytown, New York 10591, United States
| | - Jai Pathak
- Vaccine
Research Center, National Institute of Health, 9 West Watkins Mill Road, Suite
250, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20878, United States
| | | | - Shahid Uddin
- Formulation
Sciences, MedImmune Ltd, Aaron Klug Building, Granta Park, Cambridge, CB21 6GH, U.K
| | - Clair Baldock
- Division
of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PT, U.K
| | - Carlos Avendaño
- School
of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science, The University of Manchester, Sackville Street, Manchester, M13 9PL, U.K
| | - Robin A. Curtis
- School
of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science, The University of Manchester, Sackville Street, Manchester, M13 9PL, U.K
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60
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Liu B, Åberg C, van Eerden FJ, Marrink SJ, Poolman B, Boersma AJ. Design and Properties of Genetically Encoded Probes for Sensing Macromolecular Crowding. Biophys J 2017; 112:1929-1939. [PMID: 28494963 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2017.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Revised: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cells are highly crowded with proteins and polynucleotides. Any reaction that depends on the available volume can be affected by macromolecular crowding, but the effects of crowding in cells are complex and difficult to track. Here, we present a set of Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based crowding-sensitive probes and investigate the role of the linker design. We investigate the sensors in vitro and in vivo and by molecular dynamics simulations. We find that in vitro all the probes can be compressed by crowding, with a magnitude that increases with the probe size, the crowder concentration, and the crowder size. We capture the role of the linker in a heuristic scaling model, and we find that compression is a function of size of the probe and volume fraction of the crowder. The FRET changes observed in Escherichia coli are more complicated, where FRET-increases and scaling behavior are observed solely with probes that contain the helices in the linker. The probe with the highest sensitivity to crowding in vivo yields the same macromolecular volume fractions as previously obtained from cell dry weight. The collection of new probes provides more detailed readouts on the macromolecular crowding than a single sensor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boqun Liu
- Department of Biochemistry, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute & Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Christoffer Åberg
- Department of Biochemistry, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute & Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Floris J van Eerden
- Department of Biochemistry, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute & Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Siewert J Marrink
- Department of Biochemistry, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute & Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Bert Poolman
- Department of Biochemistry, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute & Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Arnold J Boersma
- Department of Biochemistry, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute & Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
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61
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Calero-Rubio C, Strab C, Barnett GV, Roberts CJ. Protein Partial Molar Volumes in Multicomponent Solutions from the Perspective of Inverse Kirkwood-Buff Theory. J Phys Chem B 2017; 121:5897-5907. [PMID: 28525711 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.7b02553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Inverse Kirkwood-Buff (KB) solution theory can be used to relate macroscopic quantities with molecular scale interactions and correlation functions, in the form of KB integrals. Protein partial specific volumes ([Formula: see text]) from high-precision density measurements can be used to quantify solvent-solute and solute-solute KB integrals. Currently, general expressions for [Formula: see text] as a function of cosolute concentration (c3) have been provided for only binary and ternary solutions. We derive a general multicomponent expression for [Formula: see text] in terms of the relevant KB integrals for the case of low (infinite dilution) protein concentration but arbitrary cosolute concentrations. To test the utility of treating a quaternary system with a pseudoternary approximation, α-Chymotrypsinogen (aCgn) solutions with a series of solutes (NaCl, sucrose, and trehalose) were compared as a function of solute concentration with and without buffer present. Comparison between those ternary and quaternary solutions shows equivalent results within experimental uncertainty and suggests the pseudoternary approximation may be reasonable. In the case of aCgn, doing so also revealed that the preferential interactions can depend on pH. Analysis of steric contributions also provides an example that illustrates how KB integrals allow one to interpret [Formula: see text] in terms of contributions from molecular volume, excluded volume, and hydration/solvation effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cesar Calero-Rubio
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware , Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Curtis Strab
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware , Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Gregory V Barnett
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware , Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Christopher J Roberts
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware , Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
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62
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Da Vela S, Roosen-Runge F, Skoda MWA, Jacobs RMJ, Seydel T, Frielinghaus H, Sztucki M, Schweins R, Zhang F, Schreiber F. Effective Interactions and Colloidal Stability of Bovine γ-Globulin in Solution. J Phys Chem B 2017; 121:5759-5769. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.7b03510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Da Vela
- Institut
für Angewandte Physik, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 10, Tübingen D-72076, Germany
| | - Felix Roosen-Runge
- Institut Max von Laue − Paul Langevin (ILL), CS 20156, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, Grenoble Cedex 9, F-38042, France
| | - Maximilian W. A. Skoda
- Institut
für Angewandte Physik, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 10, Tübingen D-72076, Germany
| | - Robert M. J. Jacobs
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Tilo Seydel
- Institut Max von Laue − Paul Langevin (ILL), CS 20156, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, Grenoble Cedex 9, F-38042, France
| | - Henrich Frielinghaus
- Jülich
Centre for Neutron Science at Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (JCNS at
MLZ), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Lichtenbergstrasse 1, Garching D-85747, Germany
| | - Michael Sztucki
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), CS 40220, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, Grenoble Cedex 9, F-38043, France
| | - Ralf Schweins
- Institut Max von Laue − Paul Langevin (ILL), CS 20156, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, Grenoble Cedex 9, F-38042, France
| | - Fajun Zhang
- Institut
für Angewandte Physik, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 10, Tübingen D-72076, Germany
| | - Frank Schreiber
- Institut
für Angewandte Physik, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 10, Tübingen D-72076, Germany
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63
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Zhang Z, Liu Y. Recent progresses of understanding the viscosity of concentrated protein solutions. Curr Opin Chem Eng 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.coche.2017.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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64
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Liu Y. Intermediate scattering function for macromolecules in solutions probed by neutron spin echo. Phys Rev E 2017; 95:020501. [PMID: 28297913 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.95.020501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The neutron-spin-echo method (NSE) is a powerful technique for studying internal dynamics of macromolecules in solutions because it can simultaneously probe length and time scales comparable to intramolecular density fluctuations of macromolecules. Recently, there has been increased, strong interest in studying protein internal motions using NSE. The coherent intermediate scattering function (ISF) measured by NSE depends on internal, rotational, and translational motions of macromolecules in solutions. It is thus critical, but highly nontrivial, to separate the internal motion from other motions in order to properly understand protein internal dynamics. Even though many experiments are performed at relatively high concentrations, current theories of calculating the ISF of concentrated protein solutions are either inaccurate or flawed by incorrect assumptions for realistic protein systems with anisotropic shapes. Here, a theoretical framework is developed to establish the quantitative relationship of different motions included in the ISF. This theory based on the dynamic decoupling approximation is applicable to a wide range of protein concentrations, including dilute cases. It is also, in general, useful for studying many other types of macromolecule systems studied by NSE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Liu
- Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA and Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
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65
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Fernandez-Castanon J, Bomboi F, Rovigatti L, Zanatta M, Paciaroni A, Comez L, Porcar L, Jafta CJ, Fadda GC, Bellini T, Sciortino F. Small-angle neutron scattering and molecular dynamics structural study of gelling DNA nanostars. J Chem Phys 2017; 145:084910. [PMID: 27586949 DOI: 10.1063/1.4961398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA oligomers with properly designed sequences self-assemble into well defined constructs. Here, we exploit this methodology to produce bulk quantities of tetravalent DNA nanostars (each one composed of 196 nucleotides) and to explore the structural signatures of their aggregation process. We report small-angle neutron scattering experiments focused on the evaluation of both the form factor and the temperature evolution of the scattered intensity at a nanostar concentration where the system forms a tetravalent equilibrium gel. We also perform molecular dynamics simulations of one isolated tetramer to evaluate the form factor numerically, without resorting to any approximate shape. The numerical form factor is found to be in very good agreement with the experimental one. Simulations predict an essentially temperature-independent form factor, offering the possibility to extract the effective structure factor and its evolution during the equilibrium gelation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - F Bomboi
- Sapienza-Università di Roma, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - L Rovigatti
- Rudolf Peierls C.T.P., University of Oxford, 1 Keble Road, Oxford OX1 3NP, United Kingdom
| | - M Zanatta
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Perugia, Via Pascoli, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - A Paciaroni
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Perugia, Via Pascoli, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - L Comez
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Perugia, Via Pascoli, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - L Porcar
- Institut Laue-Langevin, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, CS 20156, 38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - C J Jafta
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, 14109 Berlin, Germany
| | - G C Fadda
- Laboratoire Léon Brillouin, LLB, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - T Bellini
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università di Milano, I-20133 Milano, Italy
| | - F Sciortino
- Sapienza-Università di Roma, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy
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66
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Castellanos MM, Clark NJ, Watson MC, Krueger S, McAuley A, Curtis JE. Role of Molecular Flexibility and Colloidal Descriptions of Proteins in Crowded Environments from Small-Angle Scattering. J Phys Chem B 2016; 120:12511-12518. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.6b10637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Monica Castellanos
- NIST
Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Mail Stop 6102, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, 9600 Gudelsky Drive, Rockville, Maryland 20850, United States
| | - Nicholas J. Clark
- NIST
Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Mail Stop 6102, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Max C. Watson
- NIST
Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Mail Stop 6102, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Susan Krueger
- NIST
Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Mail Stop 6102, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Arnold McAuley
- Department
of Drug Product Development, Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320, United States
| | - Joseph E. Curtis
- NIST
Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Mail Stop 6102, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
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67
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Capellmann RF, Valadez-Pérez NE, Simon B, Egelhaaf SU, Laurati M, Castañeda-Priego R. Structure of colloidal gels at intermediate concentrations: the role of competing interactions. SOFT MATTER 2016; 12:9303-9313. [PMID: 27801925 DOI: 10.1039/c6sm01822j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Colloidal gels formed by colloid-polymer mixtures with an intermediate volume fraction (ϕc ≈ 0.4) are investigated by confocal microscopy. In addition, we have performed Monte Carlo simulations based on a simple effective pair potential that includes a short-range attractive contribution representing depletion interactions, and a longer-range repulsive contribution describing the electrostatic interactions due to the presence of residual charges. Despite neglecting non-equilibrium effects, experiments and simulations yield similar gel structures, characterised by, e.g., the pair, angular and bond distribution functions. We find that the structure hardly depends on the strength of the attraction if the electrostatic contribution is fixed, but changes significantly if the electrostatic screening is changed. This delicate balance between attractions and repulsions, which we quantify by the second virial coefficient, also determines the location of the gelation boundary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronja F Capellmann
- Condensed Matter Physics Laboratory, Heinrich Heine University, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Néstor E Valadez-Pérez
- División de Ciencias e Ingenierías, Campus León, Universidad de Guanajuato, Loma del Bosque 103, Lomas del Campestre, 37150 León, Guanajuato, Mexico.
| | - Benedikt Simon
- Condensed Matter Physics Laboratory, Heinrich Heine University, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Stefan U Egelhaaf
- Condensed Matter Physics Laboratory, Heinrich Heine University, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Marco Laurati
- Condensed Matter Physics Laboratory, Heinrich Heine University, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany and División de Ciencias e Ingenierías, Campus León, Universidad de Guanajuato, Loma del Bosque 103, Lomas del Campestre, 37150 León, Guanajuato, Mexico.
| | - Ramón Castañeda-Priego
- División de Ciencias e Ingenierías, Campus León, Universidad de Guanajuato, Loma del Bosque 103, Lomas del Campestre, 37150 León, Guanajuato, Mexico.
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68
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Thompson RW, Latypov RF, Wang Y, Lomakin A, Meyer JA, Vunnum S, Benedek GB. Evaluation of effects of pH and ionic strength on colloidal stability of IgG solutions by PEG-induced liquid-liquid phase separation. J Chem Phys 2016; 145:185101. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4966708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ronald W. Thompson
- Process and Product Development, Amgen Inc., Seattle, Washington 98119, USA
| | - Ramil F. Latypov
- Process and Product Development, Amgen Inc., Seattle, Washington 98119, USA
| | - Ying Wang
- Materials Processing Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Aleksey Lomakin
- Materials Processing Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Julie A. Meyer
- Process and Product Development, Amgen Inc., Seattle, Washington 98119, USA
| | - Suresh Vunnum
- Process and Product Development, Amgen Inc., Seattle, Washington 98119, USA
| | - George B. Benedek
- Materials Processing Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- Center for Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
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69
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Utility of Solution X-Ray Scattering for the Development of Antibody Biopharmaceuticals. J Pharm Sci 2016; 105:3278-3289. [DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2016.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2016] [Revised: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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70
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Greene DG, Ferraro DV, Lenhoff AM, Wagner NJ. A critical examination of the decoupling approximation for small-angle scattering from hard ellipsoids of revolution. J Appl Crystallogr 2016. [DOI: 10.1107/s1600576716012929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The decoupling approximation, proposed by Kotlarchyk & Chen [J. Chem. Phys. (1983), 79, 2461–2469], is a first-order correction to the experimentally determined apparent structure factor that is necessary because of concentration effects in polydisperse and/or nonspherical systems. While the approximation is considered accurate for spheres with low polydispersity (<10%), the corresponding limitations for nonspherical particles are unknown. The validity of this approximation is studied for monodisperse dispersions of hard ellipsoids of revolution with aspect ratios ranging from 0.333 to 3 and a guide for its accuracy is provided.
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71
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Calero-Rubio C, Saluja A, Roberts CJ. Coarse-Grained Antibody Models for “Weak” Protein–Protein Interactions from Low to High Concentrations. J Phys Chem B 2016; 120:6592-605. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.6b04907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Cesar Calero-Rubio
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Atul Saluja
- Drug
Product Science and Technology, Bristol-Myers Squibb, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, United States
| | - Christopher J. Roberts
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
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72
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Dharmaraj VL, Godfrin PD, Liu Y, Hudson SD. Rheology of clustering protein solutions. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2016; 10:043509. [PMID: 27478524 PMCID: PMC4947037 DOI: 10.1063/1.4955162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 06/22/2016] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
High viscosity is a major challenge with protein therapeutics at extremely high concentrations. To overcome this obstacle, it is essential to understand the relationship between the concentration of a protein solution and its viscosity as a function of shear rate and temperature. Here, lysozyme is a model charged globular protein having both short-ranged attraction (SA) and long-ranged repulsion (LR) that promote the formation of dynamic clusters at high concentrations. We report viscosity measurements from a micro-capillary rheometer (using only several microliters of solution) over a wide range of lysozyme solution concentrations, shear rates, and temperatures. Solution structural relaxation dynamics are also probed by dynamic light scattering (DLS). As a result of lysozyme's SALR interactions, the viscosity increased dramatically across all shear rates with increasing concentration and decreasing temperature. While most of the solutions exhibited Newtonian behavior, shear thinning was exhibited at the highest concentration (480 g/l) and lowest temperatures at shear rates above approximately 10(4 )s(-1). The onset shear rate for thinning and a structural relaxation rate estimated from a slow-mode measured by DLS are compared. These measurements provide insights into the properties of protein solutions and their microscopic structural origins.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Steven D Hudson
- Polymers and Complex Fluids Group, Materials Science and Engineering Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology , Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA
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73
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Hung JJ, Borwankar AU, Dear BJ, Truskett TM, Johnston KP. High concentration tangential flow ultrafiltration of stable monoclonal antibody solutions with low viscosities. J Memb Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2016.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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74
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Frka-Petesic B, Zanchi D, Martin N, Carayon S, Huille S, Tribet C. Aggregation of Antibody Drug Conjugates at Room Temperature: SAXS and Light Scattering Evidence for Colloidal Instability of a Specific Subpopulation. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2016; 32:4848-4861. [PMID: 27129612 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b00653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Coupling a hydrophobic drug onto monoclonal antibodies via lysine residues is a common route to prepare antibody-drug conjugates (ADC), a promising class of biotherapeutics. But a few chemical modifications on protein surface often increase aggregation propensity, without a clear understanding of the aggregation mechanisms at stake (loss of colloidal stability, self-assemblies, denaturation, etc.), and the statistical nature of conjugation introduces polydispersity in the ADC population, which raises questions on whether the whole ADC population becomes unstable. To characterize the average interactions between ADC, we monitored small-angle X-ray scattering in solutions of monoclonal IgG1 human antibody drug conjugate, with average degree of conjugation of 0, 2, or 3 drug molecules per protein. To characterize stability, we studied the kinetics of aggregation at room temperature. The intrinsic Fuchs stability ratio of the ADC was estimated from the variation over time of scattered light intensity and hydrodynamic radius, in buffers of varying pH, and at diverse sucrose (0% or 10%) and NaCl (0 or 100 mM) concentrations. We show that stable ADC stock solutions became unstable upon pH shift, well below the pH of maximum average attraction between IgGs. Data indicate that aggregation can be ascribed to a fraction of ADC population usually representing less than 30 mol % of the sample. In contrast to the case of (monodisperse) monoclonal antibodies, our results suggest that a poor correlation between stability and average interaction parameters should be expected as a corollary of dispersity of ADC conjugation. In practice, the most unstable fraction of the ADC population can be removed by filtration, which affects remarkably the apparent stability of the samples. Finally, the lack of correlation between the kinetic stability and variations of the average inter-ADC interactions is tentatively attributed to the uneven nature of charge distributions and the presence of patches on the drug-modified antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Frka-Petesic
- Département de Chimie, Sorbonne Universités - UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS UMR 8640 PASTEUR, Ecole Normale Supérieure-PSL Research University , 24 rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris, France
| | - D Zanchi
- Département de Chimie, Sorbonne Universités - UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS UMR 8640 PASTEUR, Ecole Normale Supérieure-PSL Research University , 24 rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris, France
- Université Paris Diderot-Paris 7, 5 rue Thomas Mann, 75013 Paris, France
| | - N Martin
- Département de Chimie, Sorbonne Universités - UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS UMR 8640 PASTEUR, Ecole Normale Supérieure-PSL Research University , 24 rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris, France
| | - S Carayon
- SANOFI R&D, Analytics & Formulation Department, Global Biologics , 13 quai Jules Guesde - BP 14, 94403 Vitry-sur-Seine, France
| | - S Huille
- SANOFI R&D, Analytics & Formulation Department, Global Biologics , 13 quai Jules Guesde - BP 14, 94403 Vitry-sur-Seine, France
| | - C Tribet
- Département de Chimie, Sorbonne Universités - UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS UMR 8640 PASTEUR, Ecole Normale Supérieure-PSL Research University , 24 rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris, France
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75
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Comert F, Malanowski AJ, Azarikia F, Dubin PL. Coacervation and precipitation in polysaccharide-protein systems. SOFT MATTER 2016; 12:4154-61. [PMID: 27071378 DOI: 10.1039/c6sm00044d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Precipitation poses a consistent problem for the growing applications of biopolymer coacervation, but the relationship between the two types of phase separation is not well understood. To clarify this relationship, we studied phase separation as a function of pH and ionic strength, in three systems of proteins with anionic polysaccharides: β-lactoglobulin (BLG)/hyaluronic acid (HA); BLG/tragacanthin (TG); and monoclonal antibody (mAb)/HA. We found that coacervation and precipitation are intrinsically different phenomena, responsive to different factors, but their simultaneity (for example with changing pH) may be confused with transitions from one state to another. We propose that coacervate does not literally turn into precipitate, but rather that both coacervate and precipitate are in equilibrium with free protein and polyanion, so that dissolution of one and formation of the other can overlap in time. While protein-polyanion complexes must achieve neutrality for coacervation, precipitation only requires tight binding which leads to the expulsion of counterions and water molecules. The pH-dependence of phase separation, considered in terms of protein and polyion charge, revealed that the electrostatic magnitude of the protein's polymer-binding site ("charge patch") plays a key role in the strength of interaction. These findings were supported by the inhibition of precipitation, seen when the bulky side chains of TG impede close protein-polymer interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatih Comert
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA.
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76
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Godfrin PD, Zarraga IE, Zarzar J, Porcar L, Falus P, Wagner NJ, Liu Y. Effect of Hierarchical Cluster Formation on the Viscosity of Concentrated Monoclonal Antibody Formulations Studied by Neutron Scattering. J Phys Chem B 2016; 120:278-91. [PMID: 26707135 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b07260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Recently, reversible cluster formation was identified as an underlying cause of anomalously large solution viscosities observed in some concentrated monoclonal antibody (mAb) formulations, which poses a major challenge to the use of subcutaneous injection for some mAbs. A fundamental understanding of the structural and dynamic origins of high viscosities in concentrated mAb solutions is thus of significant relevance to mAb applications in human health care, as well as being of scientific interest. Herein, we present a detailed investigation of an IgG1-based mAb to relate the short-time dynamics and microstructure to significant viscosity changes over a range of pharmaceutically relevant physiochemical conditions. The combination of light scattering, small-angle neutron scattering, and neutron spin echo measurement techniques conclusively demonstrates that, upon addition of Na2SO4, these antibodies form strongly bound reversible dimers at dilute concentrations that interact with each other to form large, loosely bound, transient clusters when concentrated. This hierarchical structure formation in solution causes a significant increase in the solution viscosity.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Douglas Godfrin
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware , Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Isidro E Zarraga
- Late Stage Pharmaceutical Development, Genentech Inc. , South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Jonathan Zarzar
- Late Stage Pharmaceutical Development, Genentech Inc. , South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Lionel Porcar
- Institut Laue-Langevin , 71 Avenue des Martyrs, CS 20156, 38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Peter Falus
- Institut Laue-Langevin , 71 Avenue des Martyrs, CS 20156, 38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Norman J Wagner
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware , Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Yun Liu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware , Newark, Delaware 19716, United States.,Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology , Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
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77
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Barnett GV, Qi W, Amin S, Lewis EN, Razinkov VI, Kerwin BA, Liu Y, Roberts CJ. Structural Changes and Aggregation Mechanisms for Anti-Streptavidin IgG1 at Elevated Concentration. J Phys Chem B 2015; 119:15150-63. [PMID: 26563591 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b08748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Non-native protein aggregation may occur during manufacturing and storage of protein therapeutics, and this may decrease drug efficacy or jeopardize patient safety. From a regulatory perspective, changes in higher order structure due to aggregation are of particular interest but can be difficult to monitor directly at elevated protein concentrations. The present report focuses on non-native aggregation of antistreptavidin (AS) IgG1 at 30 mg/mL under solution conditions that prior work at dilute concentrations (e.g., 1 mg/mL) indicated would result in different aggregation mechanisms. Time-dependent aggregation and structural changes were monitored in situ with dynamic light scattering, small-angle neutron scattering, and Raman scattering and ex situ with far-UV circular dichroism and second-derivative UV spectroscopy. The effects of adding 0.15 M (∼5 w/w %) sucrose were also assessed. The addition of sucrose decreased monomer loss rates but did not change protein-protein interactions, aggregation mechanism(s), or aggregate structure and morphology. Consistent with prior results, altering the pD or salt concentration had the primary effect of changing the aggregation mechanism. Overall, the results provide a comparison of aggregate structure and morphology created via different growth mechanisms using orthogonal techniques and show that the techniques agree at least qualitatively. Interestingly, AS-IgG1 aggregates created at pD 5.3 with no added salt formed the smallest aggregates but had the largest structural changes compared to other solution conditions. The observation that the larger aggregates were also those with less structural perturbation compared to folded AS-IgG1 might be expected to extend to other proteins if the same strong electrostatic repulsions that mediate aggregate growth also mediate structural changes of the constituent proteins within aggregates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory V Barnett
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware , Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Wei Qi
- Malvern Biosciences Incorporated, Columbia, Maryland 21046, United States
| | - Samiul Amin
- Malvern Biosciences Incorporated, Columbia, Maryland 21046, United States
| | - E Neil Lewis
- Malvern Biosciences Incorporated, Columbia, Maryland 21046, United States
| | - Vladimir I Razinkov
- Drug Product Development, Amgen Incorporated, Seattle, Washington 98119, United States
| | - Bruce A Kerwin
- Drug Product Development, Amgen Incorporated, Seattle, Washington 98119, United States
| | - Yun Liu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware , Newark, Delaware 19716, United States.,Center for Neutron Science, National Institutes of Standards and Technology , Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Christopher J Roberts
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware , Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
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78
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Scherer TM. Role of Cosolute–Protein Interactions in the Dissociation of Monoclonal Antibody Clusters. J Phys Chem B 2015; 119:13027-38. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b07568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas M. Scherer
- Genentech (a Member of the Roche Group), Late Stage Pharmaceutical Development, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
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79
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Allmendinger A, Mueller R, Huwyler J, Mahler HC, Fischer S. Sterile Filtration of Highly Concentrated Protein Formulations: Impact of Protein Concentration, Formulation Composition, and Filter Material. J Pharm Sci 2015; 104:3319-29. [DOI: 10.1002/jps.24561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2014] [Revised: 05/12/2015] [Accepted: 06/08/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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80
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Sarangapani PS, Hudson SD, Jones RL, Douglas JF, Pathak JA. Critical examination of the colloidal particle model of globular proteins. Biophys J 2015; 108:724-37. [PMID: 25650939 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2014.11.3483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2014] [Revised: 11/01/2014] [Accepted: 11/05/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies of globular protein solutions have uniformly adopted a colloidal view of proteins as particles, a perspective that neglects the polymeric primary structure of these biological macromolecules, their intrinsic flexibility, and their ability to sample a large configurational space. While the colloidal perspective often serves as a useful idealization in many cases, the macromolecular identity of proteins must reveal itself under thermodynamic conditions in which the native state is no longer stable, such as denaturing solvents and high protein concentrations where macromolecules tend to have screened excluded volume, charge, and hydrodynamic interactions. Under extreme pH conditions, charge repulsion interactions within the protein chain can overcome the attractive hydrogen-bonding interactions, holding it in its native globular state. Conformational changes can therefore be expected to have great significance on the shear viscosity and other rheological properties of protein solutions. These changes are not envisioned in conventional colloidal protein models and we have initiated an investigation of the scattering and rheological properties of model proteins. We initiate this effort by considering bovine serum albumin because it is a globular protein whose solution properties have also been extensively investigated as a function of pH, temperature, ionic strength, and concentration. As we anticipated, near-ultraviolet circular dichroism measurements and intrinsic viscosity measurements clearly indicate that the bovine serum albumin tertiary structure changes as protein concentration and pH are varied. Our findings point to limited validity of the colloidal protein model and to the need for further consideration and quantification of the effects of conformational changes on protein solution viscosity, protein association, and the phase behavior. Small-angle Neutron Scattering measurements have allowed us to assess how these conformational changes influence protein size, shape, and interprotein interaction strength.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Steven D Hudson
- Materials Science and Engineering Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland
| | - Ronald L Jones
- Materials Science and Engineering Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland
| | - Jack F Douglas
- Materials Science and Engineering Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland
| | - Jai A Pathak
- Formulation Sciences Department, MedImmune, Gaithersburg, Maryland.
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81
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Bores C, Lomba E, Perera A, Almarza NG. Pattern formation in binary fluid mixtures induced by short-range competing interactions. J Chem Phys 2015; 143:084501. [PMID: 26328850 DOI: 10.1063/1.4928524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular dynamics simulations and integral equation calculations of a simple equimolar mixture of diatomic molecules and monomers interacting via attractive and repulsive short-range potentials show the existence of pattern formation (microheterogeneity), mostly due to depletion forces away from the demixing region. Effective site-site potentials extracted from the pair correlation functions using an inverse Monte Carlo approach and an integral equation inversion procedure exhibit the features characteristic of a short-range attractive and a long-range repulsive potential. When charges are incorporated into the model, this becomes a coarse grained representation of a room temperature ionic liquid, and as expected, intermediate range order becomes more pronounced and stable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Bores
- Instituto de Química Física Rocasolano, CSIC, Serrano 119, E-28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Enrique Lomba
- Instituto de Química Física Rocasolano, CSIC, Serrano 119, E-28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Aurélien Perera
- Laboratoire de Physique Théorique de la Matiére Condensée (UMR CNRS 7600), Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 4 Place Jussieu, F75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Noé G Almarza
- Instituto de Química Física Rocasolano, CSIC, Serrano 119, E-28006 Madrid, Spain
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82
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Castellanos MM, Pathak JA, Leach W, Bishop SM, Colby RH. Explaining the non-newtonian character of aggregating monoclonal antibody solutions using small-angle neutron scattering. Biophys J 2015; 107:469-476. [PMID: 25028888 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2014.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2014] [Revised: 04/30/2014] [Accepted: 05/06/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
A monoclonal antibody solution displays an increase in low shear rate viscosity upon aggregation after prolonged incubation at 40°C. The morphology and interactions leading to the formation of the aggregates responsible for this non-Newtonian character are resolved using small-angle neutron scattering. Our data show a weak repulsive barrier before proteins aggregate reversibly, unless a favorable contact with high binding energy occurs. Two types of aggregates were identified after incubation at 40°C: oligomers with radius of gyration ∼10 nm and fractal submicrometer particles formed by a slow reaction-limited aggregation process, consistent with monomers colliding many times before finding a favorable strong interaction site. Before incubation, these antibody solutions are Newtonian liquids with no increase in low shear rate viscosity and no upturn in scattering at low wavevector, whereas aggregated solutions under the same conditions have both of these features. These results demonstrate that fractal submicrometer particles are responsible for the increase in low shear rate viscosity and low wavevector upturn in scattered intensity of aggregated antibody solutions; both are removed from aggregated samples by filtering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Monica Castellanos
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania
| | - Jai A Pathak
- Formulation Sciences Department, MedImmune, Gaithersburg, Maryland.
| | - William Leach
- Formulation Sciences Department, MedImmune, Gaithersburg, Maryland
| | - Steven M Bishop
- Formulation Sciences Department, MedImmune, Gaithersburg, Maryland
| | - Ralph H Colby
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania.
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83
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Viscosity Analysis of Dual Variable Domain Immunoglobulin Protein Solutions: Role of Size, Electroviscous Effect and Protein-Protein Interactions. Pharm Res 2015; 33:155-66. [DOI: 10.1007/s11095-015-1772-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Accepted: 08/07/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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84
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Barnett GV, Razinkov VI, Kerwin BA, Laue TM, Woodka AH, Butler PD, Perevozchikova T, Roberts CJ. Specific-Ion Effects on the Aggregation Mechanisms and Protein–Protein Interactions for Anti-streptavidin Immunoglobulin Gamma-1. J Phys Chem B 2015; 119:5793-804. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b01881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gregory V. Barnett
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | | | - Bruce A. Kerwin
- Drug
Product Development, Amgen Inc., Seattle, Washington 98119, United States
| | - Thomas M. Laue
- Department
of Molecular, Cellular, and Medical Biosciences, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824, United States
| | - Andrea H. Woodka
- National Institutes of Standards and Technology Center for Neutron Research, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Paul D. Butler
- National Institutes of Standards and Technology Center for Neutron Research, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Tatiana Perevozchikova
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Christopher J. Roberts
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
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85
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Remmele RL, Bee JS, Phillips JJ, Mo WD, Higazi DR, Zhang J, Lindo V, Kippen AD. Characterization of Monoclonal Antibody Aggregates and Emerging Technologies. ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/bk-2015-1202.ch005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Richard L. Remmele
- Analytical Biotechnology, Biopharmaceutical Development, MedImmune One MedImmune Way, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20878, United States
- Analytical Biotechnology, Biopharmaceutical Development, MedImmune Granta Park, Cambridge CB21 6GH, United Kingdom
| | - Jared S. Bee
- Analytical Biotechnology, Biopharmaceutical Development, MedImmune One MedImmune Way, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20878, United States
- Analytical Biotechnology, Biopharmaceutical Development, MedImmune Granta Park, Cambridge CB21 6GH, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan J. Phillips
- Analytical Biotechnology, Biopharmaceutical Development, MedImmune One MedImmune Way, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20878, United States
- Analytical Biotechnology, Biopharmaceutical Development, MedImmune Granta Park, Cambridge CB21 6GH, United Kingdom
| | - Wenjun David Mo
- Analytical Biotechnology, Biopharmaceutical Development, MedImmune One MedImmune Way, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20878, United States
- Analytical Biotechnology, Biopharmaceutical Development, MedImmune Granta Park, Cambridge CB21 6GH, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel R. Higazi
- Analytical Biotechnology, Biopharmaceutical Development, MedImmune One MedImmune Way, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20878, United States
- Analytical Biotechnology, Biopharmaceutical Development, MedImmune Granta Park, Cambridge CB21 6GH, United Kingdom
| | - Jifeng Zhang
- Analytical Biotechnology, Biopharmaceutical Development, MedImmune One MedImmune Way, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20878, United States
- Analytical Biotechnology, Biopharmaceutical Development, MedImmune Granta Park, Cambridge CB21 6GH, United Kingdom
| | - Vivian Lindo
- Analytical Biotechnology, Biopharmaceutical Development, MedImmune One MedImmune Way, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20878, United States
- Analytical Biotechnology, Biopharmaceutical Development, MedImmune Granta Park, Cambridge CB21 6GH, United Kingdom
| | - Alistair D. Kippen
- Analytical Biotechnology, Biopharmaceutical Development, MedImmune One MedImmune Way, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20878, United States
- Analytical Biotechnology, Biopharmaceutical Development, MedImmune Granta Park, Cambridge CB21 6GH, United Kingdom
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86
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Observation of small cluster formation in concentrated monoclonal antibody solutions and its implications to solution viscosity. Biophys J 2014; 106:1763-70. [PMID: 24739175 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2014.02.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2013] [Revised: 02/16/2014] [Accepted: 02/26/2014] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are a major class of biopharmaceuticals. It is hypothesized that some concentrated mAb solutions exhibit formation of a solution phase consisting of reversibly self-associated aggregates (or reversible clusters), which is speculated to be responsible for their distinct solution properties. Here, we report direct observation of reversible clusters in concentrated solutions of mAbs using neutron spin echo. Specifically, a stable mAb solution is studied across a transition from dispersed monomers in dilute solution to clustered states at more concentrated conditions, where clusters of a preferred size are observed. Once mAb clusters have formed, their size, in contrast to that observed in typical globular protein solutions, is observed to remain nearly constant over a wide range of concentrations. Our results not only conclusively establish a clear relationship between the undesirable high viscosity of some mAb solutions and the formation of reversible clusters with extended open structures, but also directly observe self-assembled mAb protein clusters of preferred small finite size similar to that in micelle formation that dominate the properties of concentrated mAb solutions.
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87
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Buck PM, Chaudhri A, Kumar S, Singh SK. Highly Viscous Antibody Solutions Are a Consequence of Network Formation Caused by Domain–Domain Electrostatic Complementarities: Insights from Coarse-Grained Simulations. Mol Pharm 2014; 12:127-39. [DOI: 10.1021/mp500485w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick M. Buck
- Pharmaceutical
Research and Development, Biotherapeutics Pharmaceutical Sciences
Research and Development, Pfizer, Inc., 700 Chesterfield Parkway West, Chesterfield, Missouri 63017, United States
| | - Anuj Chaudhri
- Computational
Research Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- Pharmaceutical
Research and Development, Biotherapeutics Pharmaceutical Sciences
Research and Development, Pfizer, Inc., 700 Chesterfield Parkway West, Chesterfield, Missouri 63017, United States
| | - Satish K. Singh
- Pharmaceutical
Research and Development, Biotherapeutics Pharmaceutical Sciences
Research and Development, Pfizer, Inc., 700 Chesterfield Parkway West, Chesterfield, Missouri 63017, United States
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88
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Lapelosa M, Patapoff TW, Zarraga IE. Molecular Simulations of the Pairwise Interaction of Monoclonal Antibodies. J Phys Chem B 2014; 118:13132-41. [DOI: 10.1021/jp508729z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Lapelosa
- Department of Late Stage Pharmaceutical Development and ‡Department of Early Stage Pharmaceutical
Development, Genentech Inc., member of Roche, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Thomas W. Patapoff
- Department of Late Stage Pharmaceutical Development and ‡Department of Early Stage Pharmaceutical
Development, Genentech Inc., member of Roche, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Isidro E. Zarraga
- Department of Late Stage Pharmaceutical Development and ‡Department of Early Stage Pharmaceutical
Development, Genentech Inc., member of Roche, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
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89
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Roberts CJ, Blanco MA. Role of anisotropic interactions for proteins and patchy nanoparticles. J Phys Chem B 2014; 118:12599-611. [PMID: 25302767 PMCID: PMC4226310 DOI: 10.1021/jp507886r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
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Protein–protein
interactions are inherently anisotropic
to some degree, with orientation-dependent interactions between repulsive
and attractive or complementary regions or “patches”
on adjacent proteins. In some cases it has been suggested that such
patch–patch interactions dominate the thermodynamics of dilute
protein solutions, as captured by the osmotic second virial coefficient
(B22), but delineating when this will
or will not be the case remains an open question. A series of simplified
but exactly solvable models are first used to illustrate that a delicate
balance exists between the strength of attractive patch–patch
interactions and the patch size, and that repulsive patch–patch
interactions contribute significantly to B22 for only those conditions where the repulsions are long-ranged.
Finally, B22 is reformulated, without
approximations, in terms of the density of states for a given interaction
energy and particle–particle distance. Doing so illustrates
the inherent balance of entropic and energetic contributions to B22. It highlights that simply having strong
patch–patch interactions will only cause anisotropic interactions
to dominate B22 solution properties if
the unavoidable entropic penalties are overcome, which cannot occur
if patches are too small. The results also indicate that the temperature
dependence of B22 may be a simple experimental
means to assess whether a small number of strongly attractive configurations
dominate the dilute solution behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J Roberts
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, and Center for Molecular and Engineering Thermodynamics, University of Delaware , Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
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90
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91
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Geng SB, Cheung JK, Narasimhan C, Shameem M, Tessier PM. Improving monoclonal antibody selection and engineering using measurements of colloidal protein interactions. J Pharm Sci 2014; 103:3356-3363. [PMID: 25209466 DOI: 10.1002/jps.24130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2014] [Revised: 06/30/2014] [Accepted: 07/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A limitation of using mAbs as therapeutic molecules is their propensity to associate with themselves and/or with other molecules via nonaffinity (colloidal) interactions. This can lead to a variety of problems ranging from low solubility and high viscosity to off-target binding and fast antibody clearance. Measuring such colloidal interactions is challenging given that they are weak and potentially involve diverse target molecules. Nevertheless, assessing these weak interactions-especially during early antibody discovery and lead candidate optimization-is critical to preventing problems that can arise later in the development process. Here we review advances in developing and implementing sensitive methods for measuring antibody colloidal interactions as well as using these measurements for guiding antibody selection and engineering. These systematic efforts to minimize nonaffinity interactions are expected to yield more effective and stable mAbs for diverse therapeutic applications. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. and the American Pharmacists Association J Pharm Sci 103:3356-3363, 2014.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven B Geng
- Center for Biotechnology & Interdisciplinary Studies, Isermann Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180
| | - Jason K Cheung
- Sterile Product and Analytical Development, Merck Research Laboratories, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033
| | - Chakravarthy Narasimhan
- Sterile Product and Analytical Development, Merck Research Laboratories, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033
| | - Mohammed Shameem
- Sterile Product and Analytical Development, Merck Research Laboratories, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033
| | - Peter M Tessier
- Center for Biotechnology & Interdisciplinary Studies, Isermann Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180.
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92
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Roberts CJ. Protein aggregation and its impact on product quality. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2014; 30:211-7. [PMID: 25173826 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2014.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 203] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2014] [Revised: 08/02/2014] [Accepted: 08/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Protein pharmaceutical products are typically active as folded monomers that are composed of one or more protein chains, such as the heavy and light chains in monoclonal antibodies that are a mainstay of current drug pipelines. There are numerous possible aggregated states for a given protein, some of which are potentially useful, while most of which are considered deleterious from the perspective of pharmaceutical product quality and performance. This review provides an overview of how and why different aggregated states of proteins occur, how this potentially impacts product quality and performance, fundamental approaches to control aggregate formation, and the practical approaches that are currently used in the pharmaceutical industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J Roberts
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA.
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93
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Godfrin PD, Valadez-Pérez NE, Castañeda-Priego R, Wagner NJ, Liu Y. Generalized phase behavior of cluster formation in colloidal dispersions with competing interactions. SOFT MATTER 2014; 10:5061-71. [PMID: 24899107 DOI: 10.1039/c3sm53220h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Colloidal liquids interacting with short range attraction and long range repulsion, such as proposed for some protein solutions, have been found to exhibit novel states consisting of equilibrium particle clusters. Monte Carlo simulations are performed for two physically meaningful inter-particle potentials across a broad range of interaction parameters, temperatures and volume fractions to locate the conditions where clustered states are found. A corresponding states phase behavior is identified when normalized by the critical point of an appropriately selected reference attractive fluid. Clustered fluid states and cluster percolated states are found exclusively within the two phase region of the state diagram for a reference attractive fluid, confirming the underlying intrinsic relation between clustered states and bulk phase separation. Clustered and cluster percolated states consistently exhibit an intermediate range order peak in their structure factors with a magnitude above 2.7, leading to a semi-empirical rule for identifying clustered fluids in scattering experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Douglas Godfrin
- Center for Neutron Science, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, 150 Academy St, Newark, DE 19716, USA.
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94
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Allmendinger A, Fischer S, Huwyler J, Mahler HC, Schwarb E, Zarraga IE, Mueller R. Rheological characterization and injection forces of concentrated protein formulations: An alternative predictive model for non-Newtonian solutions. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2014; 87:318-28. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2014.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2013] [Revised: 01/06/2014] [Accepted: 01/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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95
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Godfrin PD, Castañeda-Priego R, Liu Y, Wagner NJ. Intermediate range order and structure in colloidal dispersions with competing interactions. J Chem Phys 2013; 139:154904. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4824487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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