51
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Wang F, Graham ET, Naowarojna N, Shi Z, Wang Y, Xie G, Zhou L, Salmon W, Jia JM, Wang X, Huang Y, Schreiber SL, Zou Y. PALP: A rapid imaging technique for stratifying ferroptosis sensitivity in normal and tumor tissues in situ. Cell Chem Biol 2022; 29:157-170.e6. [PMID: 34813762 PMCID: PMC8792350 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2021.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is an emerging cancer suppression strategy. However, how to select cancer patients for treating with ferroptosis inducers remains challenging. Here, we develop photochemical activation of membrane lipid peroxidation (PALP), which uses targeted lasers to induce localized polyunsaturated fatty acyl (PUFA)-lipid peroxidation for reporting ferroptosis sensitivity in cells and tissues. PALP captured by BODIPY-C11 can be suppressed by lipophilic antioxidants and iron chelation, and is dependent on PUFA-lipid levels. Moreover, we develop PALPv2, for studying lipid peroxidation on selected membranes along the z axis in live cells using two-photon microscopes. Using PALPv1, we detect PUFA-lipids in multiple tissues, and validate a PUFA-phospholipid reduction during muscle aging as previously reported. Patterns of PALPv1 signals across multiple cancer cell types in vitro and in vivo are concordant with their ferroptosis susceptibility and PUFA-phospholipid levels. We envision that PALP will enable rapid stratification of ferroptosis sensitivity in cancer patients and facilitate PUFA-lipid research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengxiang Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; Westlake Four-Dimensional Dynamic Metabolomics (Meta4D) Lab, Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, China; School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, China; Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, China
| | - Emily T Graham
- Chemical Biology and Therapeutics Science Program, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Nathchar Naowarojna
- Westlake Four-Dimensional Dynamic Metabolomics (Meta4D) Lab, Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, China; School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, China; Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, China
| | - Zhennan Shi
- Westlake Four-Dimensional Dynamic Metabolomics (Meta4D) Lab, Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, China; School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, China; Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, China
| | - Yuqi Wang
- Westlake Four-Dimensional Dynamic Metabolomics (Meta4D) Lab, Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, China; School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, China; Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, China
| | - Guanglei Xie
- School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, China; Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, China; Westlake Genomics and Bioinformatics Lab, Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, China
| | - Lili Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, China; Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, China
| | - Wendy Salmon
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Jie-Min Jia
- School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, China; Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, China
| | - Xi Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, China; Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, China; Westlake Genomics and Bioinformatics Lab, Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, China
| | - Yuwei Huang
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Stuart L Schreiber
- Chemical Biology and Therapeutics Science Program, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, MA 02138, USA.
| | - Yilong Zou
- Westlake Four-Dimensional Dynamic Metabolomics (Meta4D) Lab, Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, China; School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, China; Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, China.
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52
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Fang Y, Tan Q, Zhou H, Gu Q, Xu J. Discovery of novel diphenylbutene derivative ferroptosis inhibitors as neuroprotective agents. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 231:114151. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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53
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Van Kessel ATM, Karimi R, Cosa G. Live-cell imaging reveals impaired detoxification of lipid-derived electrophiles is a hallmark of ferroptosis. Chem Sci 2022; 13:9727-9738. [PMID: 36091918 PMCID: PMC9400630 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc00525e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The central mechanism in ferroptosis linking lipid hydroperoxide accumulation with cell death remains poorly understood. Although lipid hydroperoxides are known to break down to reactive lipid-derived electrophiles (LDEs), the ability of cells to detoxify increasing LDE levels during ferroptosis has not been studied. Here, we developed an assay (ElectrophileQ) correlating the cellular retention vs. excretion of a fluorogenic lipophilic electrophile (AcroB) that enables live-cell assessment of the glutathione-mediated LDE conjugation and adduct export steps of the LDE detoxification pathway. This method revealed that during ferroptosis, LDE detoxification failure occurs through decreased conjugation or export impairment, amplifying cellular electrophile accumulation. Notably, ferroptosis susceptibility was increased following exacerbation of LDE-adduct export impairment through export channel inhibition. Our results expand understanding of the ferroptosis molecular cell death mechanism to position the LDE detoxification pathway as a ferroptosis-relevant therapeutic target. We envision the ElectrophileQ assay becoming an invaluable tool for studying ferroptosis and cellular health. A link between altered lipid-derived electrophile (LDE) metabolism during ferroptosis and associated cell death was uncovered using a new imaging method developed to monitor cellular LDE detoxification that employs a fluorogenic LDE analogue.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonius T. M. Van Kessel
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Ryan Karimi
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Gonzalo Cosa
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
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54
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Tang W, Dong M, Teng F, Cui J, Zhu X, Wang W, Wuniqiemu T, Qin J, Yi L, Wang S, Dong J, Wei Y. Environmental allergens house dust mite-induced asthma is associated with ferroptosis in the lungs. Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:1483. [PMID: 34765024 PMCID: PMC8576623 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have indicated that allergens such as house dust mites (HDM) in the environment can induce allergic asthma. Ferroptosis is a newly discovered form of regulatory cell death characterized by aberrant lipid peroxidation and the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cells. However, whether ferroptosis participates in the pathological process of asthma remains to be elucidated. The present study used a HDM-induced mouse asthma model to determine the effect of HDM exposure on allergic asthma and its underlying mechanisms. Female BALB/c mice were intranasally exposed to HDM to induce allergic asthma. Airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), lung inflammation, mucus secretion, IgE levels, cytokine levels and inflammatory cell counts in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were investigated. In addition, the morphological changes of mitochondria, ROS levels, glutathione (GSH) levels and changes in ferroptosis pathway proteins were also determined in murine lungs. As a result, HDM exposure significantly increased AHR, inflammatory cell infiltration and mucus secretion around the airways. Furthermore, elevated IgE levels in the BALF, lung eosinophilia and a concomitant increase in IL-13 and IL-5 levels in BALF were observed. HDM inhalation increased ROS and decreased GSH levels in the lungs. HDM inhalation induced dysmorphic small mitochondria with decreased crista, as well as condensed, ruptured outer membranes. Western blotting demonstrated that the activities of glutathione peroxidase 4 and catalytic subunit solute carrier family 7 member 11 were significantly decreased, and that protein expression levels of acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 4 and 15 lipoxygenase 1 were upregulated compared with mice in the normal control group. Overall, these results indicated that the AHR, airway inflammation, lipid peroxidation and ROS levels increased in HDM-induced asthma, and that HDM inhalation induced ferroptosis in the lungs, which helped to form an improved understanding of the pathogenesis of allergic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weifeng Tang
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China.,Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
| | - Ming Dong
- Department of Acupuncture and Orthopedics, Gumei Community Health Center, Shanghai 201102, P.R. China
| | - Fangzhou Teng
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China.,Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
| | - Jie Cui
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China.,Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
| | - Xueyi Zhu
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China.,Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
| | - Wenqian Wang
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China.,Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
| | - Tulake Wuniqiemu
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China.,Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
| | - Jingjing Qin
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China.,Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
| | - La Yi
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China.,Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
| | - Shiyuan Wang
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China.,Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
| | - Jingcheng Dong
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China.,Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
| | - Ying Wei
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China.,Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
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55
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Guan Q, Zhou LL, Dong YB. Ferroptosis in cancer therapeutics: a materials chemistry perspective. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:8906-8936. [PMID: 34505861 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb01654g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Ferroptosis, distinct from apoptosis, is a regulated form of cell death caused by lipid peroxidation that has attracted extensive research interest since it was first defined in 2012. Over the past five years, an increasing number of studies have revealed the close relationship between ferroptosis and materials chemistry, in particular nanobiotechnology, and have concluded that nanotechnology-triggered ferroptosis is an efficient and promising antitumor strategy that provides an alternative therapeutic approach, especially for apoptosis-resistant tumors. In this review, we summarize recent advances in ferroptosis-induced tumor therapy at the intersection of materials chemistry, redox biology, and tumor biology. The biological features and molecular mechanisms of ferroptosis are first outlined, followed by a summary of the feasible strategies to induce ferroptosis using nanomaterials and the applications of ferroptosis in combined tumor therapy. Finally, the existing challenges and future development directions in this emerging field are discussed, with the aim of promoting the progress of ferroptosis-based oncotherapy in materials science and nanoscience and enriching the antitumor arsenal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qun Guan
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China.
| | - Le-Le Zhou
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China.
| | - Yu-Bin Dong
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China.
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56
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Labrecque CL, Fuglestad B. Electrostatic Drivers of GPx4 Interactions with Membrane, Lipids, and DNA. Biochemistry 2021; 60:2761-2772. [PMID: 34492183 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.1c00492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPx4) serves as the only enzyme that protects membranes through the reduction of lipid hydroperoxides, preventing membrane oxidative damage and cell death through ferroptosis. Recently, GPx4 has gained attention as a therapeutic target for cancer through inhibition and as a target for inflammatory diseases through activation. In addition, GPx4 isoforms perform several distinct moonlighting functions including cysteine cross-linking of protamines during sperm cell chromatin remodeling, a function for which molecular and structural details are undefined. Despite the importance in biology, disease, and potential for drug development, little is known about GPx4 functional interactions at high resolution. This study presents the first NMR assignments of GPx4, and the electrostatic interaction of GPx4 with the membrane is characterized. Mutagenesis reveals the cationic patch residues that are key to membrane binding and stabilization. The cationic patch is observed to be important in binding headgroups of highly anionic cardiolipin. A novel lipid binding site is observed adjacent to the catalytic site and may enable protection of lipid-headgroups from oxidative damage. Arachidonic acid is also found to engage with GPx4, while cholesterol did not display any interaction. The cationic patch residues were also found to enable DNA binding, the first observation of this interaction. Electrostatic DNA binding explains a mechanism for the nuclear isoform of GPx4 to target DNA-bound protamines and to potentially reduce oxidatively damaged DNA. Together, these results highlight the importance of electrostatics in the function of GPx4 and illuminate how the multifunctional enzyme is able to fill multiple biological roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney L Labrecque
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23284, United States
| | - Brian Fuglestad
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23284, United States.,Institute for Structural Biology, Drug Discovery and Development, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23219, United States
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57
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Shi Z, Naowarojna N, Pan Z, Zou Y. Multifaceted mechanisms mediating cystine starvation-induced ferroptosis. Nat Commun 2021; 12:4792. [PMID: 34373463 PMCID: PMC8352933 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25159-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The cyst(e)ine/glutathione (GSH)/glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) axis is the most frequently targeted pathway to trigger the ferroptosis cascade and suppress tumor growth. Two recent studies present additional mechanisms underlying cystine starvation-induced ferroptosis apart from impaired GSH synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhennan Shi
- grid.494629.40000 0004 8008 9315Westlake Four-Dimensional Dynamic Metabolomics (Meta4D) Lab, Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang China ,grid.494629.40000 0004 8008 9315School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang China ,Institute of Biology, Westlake Institute of Advanced Studies, Hangzhou, Zhejiang China
| | - Nathchar Naowarojna
- grid.494629.40000 0004 8008 9315Westlake Four-Dimensional Dynamic Metabolomics (Meta4D) Lab, Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang China ,grid.494629.40000 0004 8008 9315School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang China ,Institute of Biology, Westlake Institute of Advanced Studies, Hangzhou, Zhejiang China
| | - Zijian Pan
- grid.494629.40000 0004 8008 9315School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang China ,Institute of Biology, Westlake Institute of Advanced Studies, Hangzhou, Zhejiang China
| | - Yilong Zou
- Westlake Four-Dimensional Dynamic Metabolomics (Meta4D) Lab, Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China. .,School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China. .,Institute of Biology, Westlake Institute of Advanced Studies, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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58
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Zhou LL, Guan Q, Li WY, Zhang Z, Li YA, Dong YB. A Ferrocene-Functionalized Covalent Organic Framework for Enhancing Chemodynamic Therapy via Redox Dyshomeostasis. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2101368. [PMID: 34216420 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202101368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Chemodynamic therapy (CDT), which induces cell death by decomposing high levels of H2 O2 in tumor cells into highly toxic ·OH, is recognized as a promising antineoplastic approach. However, current CDT approaches are often restricted by the highly controlled and upregulated cellular antioxidant defense. To enhance ·OH-induced cellular damage by CDT, a covalent organic framework (COF)-based, ferrocene (Fc)- and glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) inhibitor-loaded nanodrug, RSL3@COF-Fc (2b), is fabricated. The obtained 2b not only promotes in situ Fenton-like reactions to trigger ·OH production in cells, but also attenuates the repair mechanisms under oxidative stress via irreversible covalent GPX4 inhibition. As a result, these two approaches synergistically result in massive lipid peroxide accumulation, subsequent cell damage, and ultimately ferroptosis, while not being limited by intracellular glutathione. It is believed that this research provides a paradigm for enhancing reactive oxygen species-mediated oncotherapy through redox dyshomeostasis and may provide new insights for developing COF-based nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le-Le Zhou
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, P. R. China
| | - Qun Guan
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Yan Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, P. R. China
| | - Zhiyong Zhang
- Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250062, P. R. China
| | - Yan-An Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Bin Dong
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, P. R. China
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59
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Gan B. Mitochondrial regulation of ferroptosis. J Cell Biol 2021; 220:212523. [PMID: 34328510 PMCID: PMC8329737 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202105043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 232] [Impact Index Per Article: 77.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a form of iron-dependent regulated cell death driven by uncontrolled lipid peroxidation. Mitochondria are double-membrane organelles that have essential roles in energy production, cellular metabolism, and cell death regulation. However, their role in ferroptosis has been unclear and somewhat controversial. In this Perspective, I summarize the diverse metabolic processes in mitochondria that actively drive ferroptosis, discuss recently discovered mitochondria-localized defense systems that detoxify mitochondrial lipid peroxides and protect against ferroptosis, present new evidence for the roles of mitochondria in regulating ferroptosis, and outline outstanding questions on this fascinating topic for future investigations. An in-depth understanding of mitochondria functions in ferroptosis will have important implications for both fundamental cell biology and disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyi Gan
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
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60
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Opportunities for Ferroptosis in Cancer Therapy. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10060986. [PMID: 34205617 PMCID: PMC8235304 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10060986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
A critical hallmark of cancer cells is their ability to evade programmed apoptotic cell death. Consequently, resistance to anti-cancer therapeutics is a hurdle often observed in the clinic. Ferroptosis, a non-apoptotic form of cell death distinguished by toxic lipid peroxidation and iron accumulation, has garnered substantial attention as an alternative therapeutic strategy to selectively destroy tumours. Although there is a plethora of research outlining the molecular mechanisms of ferroptosis, these findings are yet to be translated into clinical compounds inducing ferroptosis. In this perspective, we elaborate on how ferroptosis can be leveraged in the clinic. We discuss a therapeutic window for compounds inducing ferroptosis, the subset of tumour types that are most sensitive to ferroptosis, conventional therapeutics that induce ferroptosis, and potential strategies for lowering the threshold for ferroptosis.
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61
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Lei G, Zhuang L, Gan B. mTORC1 and ferroptosis: Regulatory mechanisms and therapeutic potential. Bioessays 2021; 43:e2100093. [PMID: 34121197 DOI: 10.1002/bies.202100093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Ferroptosis, a form of regulated cell death triggered by lipid hydroperoxide accumulation, has an important role in a variety of diseases and pathological conditions, such as cancer. Targeting ferroptosis is emerging as a promising means of therapeutic intervention in cancer treatment. Polyunsaturated fatty acids, reactive oxygen species, and labile iron constitute the major underlying triggers for ferroptosis. Other regulators of ferroptosis have also been discovered recently, among them the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1), a central controller of cell growth and metabolism. Inhibitors of mTORC1 have been used in treating diverse diseases, including cancer. In this review, we discuss recent findings linking mTORC1 to ferroptosis, dissect mechanisms underlying the establishment of mTORC1 as a key ferroptosis modulator, and highlight the potential of co-targeting mTORC1 and ferroptosis in cancer treatment. This review will provide valuable insights for future investigations of ferroptosis and mTORC1 in fundamental biology and cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Lei
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Li Zhuang
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Boyi Gan
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.,The University of Texas MD Anderson UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, Texas, USA
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62
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Shi L, Liu Y, Li M, Luo Z. Emerging roles of ferroptosis in the tumor immune landscape: from danger signals to anti-tumor immunity. FEBS J 2021; 289:3655-3665. [PMID: 34042258 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Regulated cell death (RCD) is a vital event in various physiological and pathological processes. Ferroptosis is a newly described RCD, which is driven by iron accumulation and unrestricted lipid peroxidation. The interaction between ferroptosis and immunity has been a topic of substantial interest since its discovery in 2012. It has become increasingly evident that ferroptosis is critically involved in the regulation of antitumor immunity and may provide potential strategies in immunotherapy. Ferroptosis could release various damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) or lipid metabolites to regulate the cellular immune response, validating its role as a form of immunogenic cell death (ICD). Specifically, the oxygenated membrane lipids on ferroptotic cells could mediate the phagocytosis by macrophages to maintain the immune responses. Additionally, immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy may sensitize cancer cells to ferroptosis, while ferroptosis might contribute to tumor immune evasion by directly interfering with the function of various immune cells. Based on these insights, we provided a comprehensive review on the interaction patterns between ferroptosis and immunity, which may not only offer insight into the underlying regulatory mechanisms but also facilitating the development of ferroptosis-based antitumor therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Shi
- School of Life Science, Chongqing University, China
| | - Yingqi Liu
- School of Life Science, Chongqing University, China
| | - Menghuan Li
- School of Life Science, Chongqing University, China
| | - Zhong Luo
- School of Life Science, Chongqing University, China
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63
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Li S, Liu Y, Li J, Zhao X, Yu D. Mechanisms of Ferroptosis and Application to Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Treatments. DNA Cell Biol 2021; 40:720-732. [PMID: 33979530 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2021.0023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Many kinds of cancer cells are intrinsically sensitive to ferroptosis, and research interest regarding ferroptosis has been sparked by its significant role in many detrimental diseases. Ferroptosis is a novel type of iron-dependent cell death mediated by accumulation of reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation. Furthermore, a large number of small agents can induce ferroptosis in numerous kinds of cancer cells, including prostate cancer, pancreatic cancer, breast cancer, lymphomas, and renal cancer. These insights may help discover novel approaches for cancer therapeutic strategies; however, there is considerable uncertainty regarding ferroptosis in head and neck cancer (HNC). So far, no review of the current studies on this topic has been published. Therefore, we here elaborate the mechanisms of ferroptosis and summarize the latest findings regarding its role in HNC according to current literature. The respective findings shed light on the role of ferroptosis in HNC treatment with a number of important implications for future practice in HNC management, as outlined in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Li
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinqiu Li
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Zhao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Yu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
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Lei G, Mao C, Yan Y, Zhuang L, Gan B. Ferroptosis, radiotherapy, and combination therapeutic strategies. Protein Cell 2021; 12:836-857. [PMID: 33891303 PMCID: PMC8563889 DOI: 10.1007/s13238-021-00841-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 62.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis, an iron-dependent form of regulated cell death driven by peroxidative damages of polyunsaturated-fatty-acid-containing phospholipids in cellular membranes, has recently been revealed to play an important role in radiotherapy-induced cell death and tumor suppression, and to mediate the synergy between radiotherapy and immunotherapy. In this review, we summarize known as well as putative mechanisms underlying the crosstalk between radiotherapy and ferroptosis, discuss the interactions between ferroptosis and other forms of regulated cell death induced by radiotherapy, and explore combination therapeutic strategies targeting ferroptosis in radiotherapy and immunotherapy. This review will provide important frameworks for future investigations of ferroptosis in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Lei
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China.,Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Chao Mao
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Yuelong Yan
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Li Zhuang
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Boyi Gan
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA. .,The University of Texas MD Anderson UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA.
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Chen Q, Ma X, Xie L, Chen W, Xu Z, Song E, Zhu X, Song Y. Iron-based nanoparticles for MR imaging-guided ferroptosis in combination with photodynamic therapy to enhance cancer treatment. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:4855-4870. [PMID: 33624647 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr08757b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Ferroptosis therapy, which applies ferroptotic inducers to produce lethal lipid peroxidation and induce the death of tumor cells, is regarded as a promising therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment. However, there is still a challenge regarding how to increase reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation in the tumor microenvironment (TME) to enhance antitumor efficacy. Herein, we designed a nanosystem coated with the FDA approved poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) containing ferrous ferric oxide (Fe3O4) and chlorin E6 (Ce6) for synergistic ferroptosis-photodynamic anticancer therapy. The Fe3O4-PLGA-Ce6 nanosystem can dissociate in the acidic TME to release ferrous/ferric ions and Ce6. Then, the Fenton reaction between the released ferrous/ferric ions and intracellular excess hydrogen peroxide can occur to produce hydroxyl radicals (˙OH) and induce tumor cell ferroptosis. The released Ce6 can increase the generation and accumulation of ROS under laser irradiation to offer photodynamic therapy, which can boost ferroptosis in 4T1 cells. Moreover, magnetic monodisperse Fe3O4 loading provides excellent T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) properties. The Fe3O4-PLGA-Ce6 nanosystem possesses MRI ability and highly efficient tumor suppression with high biocompatibility in vivo due to the synergism of photodynamic and ferroptosis antitumor therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qifang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
| | - Xianbin Ma
- School of Materials and Energy & Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Micro-Nano Biomedical Materials and Devices, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Li Xie
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
| | - Wenjie Chen
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
| | - Zhigang Xu
- School of Materials and Energy & Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Micro-Nano Biomedical Materials and Devices, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Erqun Song
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
| | - Xiaokang Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
| | - Yang Song
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
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66
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Shen
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory; and Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- * E-mail: (QS); (NIN)
| | - Naweed I. Naqvi
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory; and Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- * E-mail: (QS); (NIN)
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67
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Li N, Jiang W, Wang W, Xiong R, Wu X, Geng Q. Ferroptosis and its emerging roles in cardiovascular diseases. Pharmacol Res 2021; 166:105466. [PMID: 33548489 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a new form of regulated cell death (RCD) driven by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation, which is morphologically and mechanistically distinct from other forms of RCD including apoptosis, autophagic cell death, pyroptosis and necroptosis. Recently, ferroptosis has been found to participate in the development of various cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) including doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity, ischemia/reperfusion-induced cardiomyopathy, heart failure, aortic dissection and stroke. Cardiovascular homeostasis is indulged in delicate equilibrium of assorted cell types composing the heart or vessels, and how ferroptosis contributes to the pathophysiological responses in CVD progression is unclear. Herein, we reviewed recent discoveries on the basis of ferroptosis and its involvement in CVD pathogenesis, together with related therapeutic potentials, aiming to provide insights on fundamental mechanisms of ferroptosis and implications in CVDs and associated disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenyang Jiang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Rui Xiong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaojing Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Qing Geng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
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Sacco A, Battaglia AM, Botta C, Aversa I, Mancuso S, Costanzo F, Biamonte F. Iron Metabolism in the Tumor Microenvironment-Implications for Anti-Cancer Immune Response. Cells 2021; 10:303. [PMID: 33540645 PMCID: PMC7913036 DOI: 10.3390/cells10020303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
New insights into the field of iron metabolism within the tumor microenvironment have been uncovered in recent years. Iron promotes the production of reactive oxygen species, which may either trigger ferroptosis cell death or contribute to malignant transformation. Once transformed, cancer cells divert tumor-infiltrating immune cells to satisfy their iron demand, thus affecting the tumor immunosurveillance. In this review, we highlight how the bioavailability of this metal shapes complex metabolic pathways within the tumor microenvironment and how this affects both tumor-associated macrophages and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes functions. Furthermore, we discuss the potentials as well as the current clinical controversies surrounding the use of iron metabolism as a target for new anticancer treatments in two opposed conditions: i) the "hot" tumors, which are usually enriched in immune cells infiltration and are extremely rich in iron availability within the microenvironment, and ii) the "cold" tumors, which are often very poor in immune cells, mainly due to immune exclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Sacco
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, “Magna Graecia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (A.S.); (A.M.B.); (I.A.); (F.C.)
| | - Anna Martina Battaglia
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, “Magna Graecia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (A.S.); (A.M.B.); (I.A.); (F.C.)
| | | | - Ilenia Aversa
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, “Magna Graecia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (A.S.); (A.M.B.); (I.A.); (F.C.)
| | - Serafina Mancuso
- U.O. Biochimica Clinica, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Mater Domini, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy;
| | - Francesco Costanzo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, “Magna Graecia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (A.S.); (A.M.B.); (I.A.); (F.C.)
- Center of Interdepartmental Services (CIS), “Magna Graecia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Flavia Biamonte
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, “Magna Graecia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (A.S.); (A.M.B.); (I.A.); (F.C.)
- Center of Interdepartmental Services (CIS), “Magna Graecia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
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69
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Shen L, Zhou Y, He H, Chen W, Lenahan C, Li X, Deng Y, Shao A, Huang J. Crosstalk between Macrophages, T Cells, and Iron Metabolism in Tumor Microenvironment. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:8865791. [PMID: 33628389 PMCID: PMC7889336 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8865791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Leukocytes, including macrophages and T cells, represent key players in the human immune system, which plays a considerable role in the development and progression of tumors by immune surveillance or immune escape. Boosting the recruitment of leukocytes into the tumor microenvironment and promoting their antitumor responses have been hot areas of research in recent years. Although immunotherapy has manifested a certain level of success in some malignancies, the overall effectiveness is far from satisfactory. Iron is an essential trace element required in multiple, normal cellular processes, such as DNA synthesis and repair, cellular respiration, metabolism, and signaling, while dysregulated iron metabolism has been declared one of the metabolic hallmarks of malignant cancer cells. Furthermore, iron is implicated in the modulation of innate and adaptive immune responses, and elucidating the targeted regulation of iron metabolism may have the potential to benefit antitumor immunity and cancer treatment. In the present review, we briefly summarize the roles of leukocytes and iron metabolism in tumorigenesis, as well as their crosstalk in the tumor microenvironment. The combination of immunotherapy with targeted regulation of iron and iron-dependent regulated cell death (ferroptosis) may be a focus of future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lesang Shen
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immune Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Yunxiang Zhou
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Haifei He
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Wuzhen Chen
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immune Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Cameron Lenahan
- Burrell College of Osteopathic Medicine, Las Cruces, NM, USA
| | - Xiaoyi Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET-CT Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Yongchuan Deng
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Anwen Shao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Jian Huang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immune Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310009, China
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70
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Chen X, Li X, Xu X, Li L, Liang N, Zhang L, Lv J, Wu YC, Yin H. Ferroptosis and cardiovascular disease: role of free radical-induced lipid peroxidation. Free Radic Res 2021; 55:405-415. [PMID: 33455488 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2021.1876856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD), including heart attack, stroke, heart failure, arrhythmia, and other congenital heart diseases remain the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The leading cause of deaths in CVD is attributed to myocardial infarction due to the rupture of atherosclerotic plaque. Atherosclerosis refers a condition when restricted or even blockage of blood flow occurs due to the narrowing of blood vessels as a result of the buildup of plaques composed of oxidized lipids. It is well-established that free radical oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in lipoproteins or cell membranes, termed lipid peroxidation (LPO), plays a significant role in atherosclerosis. LPO products are involved in immune responses and cell deaths in this process, in which previous evidence supports the role of programmed cell death (apoptosis) and necrosis. Ferroptosis is a newly identified form of regulated cell death characterized by the iron-dependent accumulation of lipid hydroperoxides to lethal levels, which exhibits distinct features from apoptosis, necrosis and autophagy in morphology, biochemistry and genetics. Emerging evidence appears to demonstrate that ferroptosis is also involved in CVD. In this review, we summarize the recent progress on ferroptosis in CVD and atherosclerosis, highlighting the role of free radical LPO. The evidence underlying the ferroptosis and challenges in the field will also be critically discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, China
| | - Xuan Li
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaodong Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, China
| | - Luxiao Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, China
| | - Ningning Liang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, China
| | - Lili Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, China
| | - Jingwen Lv
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, China
| | - Yun-Cheng Wu
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huiyong Yin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, China.,School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
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71
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Kang YP, Mockabee-Macias A, Jiang C, Falzone A, Prieto-Farigua N, Stone E, Harris IS, DeNicola GM. Non-canonical Glutamate-Cysteine Ligase Activity Protects against Ferroptosis. Cell Metab 2021; 33:174-189.e7. [PMID: 33357455 PMCID: PMC7839835 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2020.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cysteine is required for maintaining cellular redox homeostasis in both normal and transformed cells. Deprivation of cysteine induces the iron-dependent form of cell death known as ferroptosis; however, the metabolic consequences of cysteine starvation beyond impairment of glutathione synthesis are poorly characterized. Here, we find that cystine starvation of non-small-cell lung cancer cell lines induces an unexpected accumulation of γ-glutamyl-peptides, which are produced due to a non-canonical activity of glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit (GCLC). This activity is enriched in cell lines with high levels of NRF2, a key transcriptional regulator of GCLC, but is also inducible in healthy murine tissues following cysteine limitation. γ-glutamyl-peptide synthesis limits the accumulation of glutamate, thereby protecting against ferroptosis. These results indicate that GCLC has a glutathione-independent, non-canonical role in the protection against ferroptosis by maintaining glutamate homeostasis under cystine starvation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Pyo Kang
- Department of Cancer Physiology, H. Lee. Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | | | - Chang Jiang
- Department of Cancer Physiology, H. Lee. Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Aimee Falzone
- Department of Cancer Physiology, H. Lee. Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | | | - Everett Stone
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Isaac S Harris
- University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Gina M DeNicola
- Department of Cancer Physiology, H. Lee. Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
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72
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Ferroptosis-Related Flavoproteins: Their Function and Stability. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22010430. [PMID: 33406703 PMCID: PMC7796112 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis has been described recently as an iron-dependent cell death driven by peroxidation of membrane lipids. It is involved in the pathogenesis of a number of diverse diseases. From the other side, the induction of ferroptosis can be used to kill tumor cells as a novel therapeutic approach. Because of the broad clinical relevance, a comprehensive understanding of the ferroptosis-controlling protein network is necessary. Noteworthy, several proteins from this network are flavoenzymes. This review is an attempt to present the ferroptosis-related flavoproteins in light of their involvement in anti-ferroptotic and pro-ferroptotic roles. When available, the data on the structural stability of mutants and cofactor-free apoenzymes are discussed. The stability of the flavoproteins could be an important component of the cellular death processes.
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73
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Zhao Y, Li M, Yao X, Fei Y, Lin Z, Li Z, Cai K, Zhao Y, Luo Z. HCAR1/MCT1 Regulates Tumor Ferroptosis through the Lactate-Mediated AMPK-SCD1 Activity and Its Therapeutic Implications. Cell Rep 2020; 33:108487. [DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Revised: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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Li N, Wang W, Zhou H, Wu Q, Duan M, Liu C, Wu H, Deng W, Shen D, Tang Q. Ferritinophagy-mediated ferroptosis is involved in sepsis-induced cardiac injury. Free Radic Biol Med 2020; 160:303-318. [PMID: 32846217 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 310] [Impact Index Per Article: 77.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a reactive oxygen species (ROS)- and iron-dependent form of regulated cell death (RCD), playing critical roles in organ injury and targeting therapy of cancers. Previous studies have demonstrated that ferroptosis participates in the development of cardiomyopathy including cardiac hypertrophy, diabetic cardiomyopathy and doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity. However, the role of ferroptosis in sepsis-induced cardiac injury remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the role and underlying mechanism of ferroptosis on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced cardiac injury. Mice were injected with LPS (10 mg/kg) for 12 h to generate experimental sepsis. Ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1) and Dexrazoxane (DXZ) were used to suppress ferroptosis of mice with sepsis-induced cardiac injury. LPS increased the levels of ferroptotic markers involving prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2), malonaldehyde (MDA) and lipid ROS, apart from resulting in obvious mitochondria damage, which were alleviated by Fer-1 and DXZ. In vitro experiments showed that Fer-1 inhibited LPS-induced lipid peroxidation and injury of H9c2 myofibroblasts while erastin and sorafenib aggravated LPS-induced ferroptosis. Additionally, Fer-1 and DXZ improved survival rate and cardiac function of mice with sepsis. Mechanistically, LPS increased the expression of nuclear receptor coactivator 4 (NCOA4) and the level of intracellular Fe2+ but decreased the level of ferritin. NCOA4 could directly interact with ferritin and degrade it in a ferritinophagy-dependent manner, which subsequently released a great amount of iron. Cytoplasmic Fe2+ further activated the expression of siderofexin (SFXN1) on mitochondrial membrane, which in turn transported cytoplasmic Fe2+ into mitochondria, giving rise to the production of mitochondrial ROS and ferroptosis. Based on these findings, we concluded that ferritinophagy-mediated ferroptosis is one of the critical mechanisms contributing to sepsis-induced cardiac injury. Targeting ferroptosis in cardiomyocytes may be a therapeutic strategy for preventing sepsis in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Li
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan, 430060, PR China; Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, PR China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, PR China
| | - Heng Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan, 430060, PR China
| | - Qingqing Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan, 430060, PR China
| | - Mingxia Duan
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan, 430060, PR China
| | - Chen Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan, 430060, PR China
| | - Haiming Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan, 430060, PR China
| | - Wei Deng
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan, 430060, PR China
| | - Difei Shen
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan, 430060, PR China.
| | - Qizhu Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan, 430060, PR China.
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75
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Wu G, Wang Q, Xu Y, Li Q, Cheng L. A new survival model based on ferroptosis-related genes for prognostic prediction in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:14933-14948. [PMID: 32688345 PMCID: PMC7425493 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we analyzed the clinical significance of ferroptosis-related genes (FRGs) in 32 cancer types in the GSCA database. We detected a 2-82% mutation rate among 36 FRGs. In clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC; n=539) tissues from the The Cancer Genome Atlas database, 30 of 36 FRGs were differentially expressed (up- or down-regulated) compared to normal kidney tissues (n=72). Consensus clustering analysis identified two clusters of FRGs based on similar co-expression in ccRCC tissues. We then used LASSO regression analysis to build a new survival model based on five risk-related FRGs (CARS, NCOA4, FANCD2, HMGCR, and SLC7A11). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis confirmed good prognostic performance of the new survival model with an area under the curve of 0.73. High FANCD2, CARS, and SLC7A11 expression and low HMGCR and NCOA4 expression were associated with high-risk ccRCC patients. Multivariate analysis showed that risk score, age, stage, and grade were independent risk factors associated with prognosis in ccRCC. These findings demonstrate that this five risk-related FRG-based survival model accurately predicts prognosis in ccRCC patients, and suggest FRGs are potential prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets in several cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangzhen Wu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Qifei Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yingkun Xu
- Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Quanlin Li
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Liang Cheng
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.,Department of Urology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
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