51
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Identification and control of impurities in streptomycin sulfate by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass detection and corona charged-aerosol detection. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2011; 56:271-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2011.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2011] [Revised: 05/16/2011] [Accepted: 05/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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52
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In-vitro release of anti-proliferative paclitaxel from novel balloon-expandable polycaprolactone stents. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2011.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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53
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Comparison of the response of four aerosol detectors used with ultra high pressure liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2011; 1218:1646-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.01.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2010] [Revised: 01/18/2011] [Accepted: 01/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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54
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Acevska J, Stefkov G, Nakov N, Karapandzova M, Kulevanova S, Dimitrovska A. Determination of relative response factors of the opium alkaloids with HPLC-DAD. MAKEDONSKO FARMACEVTSKI BILTEN 2011. [DOI: 10.33320/maced.pharm.bull.2011.57.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, a convenient method for determination of relative UV response factors (RRFs) of morphine, codeine, thebaine, oripavine, noscapine and papaverine by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) equipped with a diode array detector (DAD) was presented. Pholcodine was selected as the reference compound for calculating the relative response factors of the alkaloids. The separation of all seven compounds was obtained with optimized gradient elution with high pH value of the mobile phase on a reversed phase column with bidentate C18-C18 bonding technology. The RRFs of the alkaloids were determinate by three different approaches: ‘regression analysis/mass concentration’, ‘regression analysis/molar concentration’and ‘detector sensitivity’ approaches. The ‘regression analysis/molar concentration’ approach gave the accurate approximation of the exact amount of the substance that enters in the detector and the statistically relevant calculation includes several points of different concentrations (at least five), which makes this approach most advantageous one. This method is suitable for quality assessment of the standardised opium dry extract, raw opium and standardised opium tincture by quantitative analysis of not only morphine and codeine as indicated in the respective European Pharmacopoeia monographs, but as well as the major impurities that originate from opium poppy Papaver somniferum L. (Papaveraceae).
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55
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Stypulkowska K, Blazewicz A, Fijalek Z, Sarna K. Determination of Gentamicin Sulphate Composition and Related Substances in Pharmaceutical Preparations by LC with Charged Aerosol Detection. Chromatographia 2010; 72:1225-1229. [PMID: 21212825 PMCID: PMC2998643 DOI: 10.1365/s10337-010-1763-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2010] [Revised: 08/19/2010] [Accepted: 08/31/2010] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A new, simple and repeatable liquid chromatography method with charged aerosol detection (LC-CAD) for the determination of gentamicin sulphate composition and related substances has been developed. Gentamicin lacks of chromophores, therefore its determination is quite problematic. Using a universal CAD enables to achieve good separation without sample derivatization. Mass spectrometry was employed to confirm the LC-CAD peak profile. The proposed method was validated and applied for the determination of gentamicin sulphate composition and related substances in pharmaceutical preparations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Stypulkowska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Medicines Institute, 30/34 Chełmska Street, 00-725 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agata Blazewicz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Medicines Institute, 30/34 Chełmska Street, 00-725 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Fijalek
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Medicines Institute, 30/34 Chełmska Street, 00-725 Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Bioanalysis and Drug Analysis, Warsaw Medical University, 1 Banacha Street, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Sarna
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Medicines Institute, 30/34 Chełmska Street, 00-725 Warsaw, Poland
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56
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Hutchinson JP, Li J, Farrell W, Groeber E, Szucs R, Dicinoski G, Haddad PR. Universal response model for a corona charged aerosol detector. J Chromatogr A 2010; 1217:7418-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2010.09.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2010] [Revised: 08/26/2010] [Accepted: 09/22/2010] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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57
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Bai CC, Han SY, Chai XY, Jiang Y, Li P, Tu PF. Sensitive Determination of Saponins in Radix et Rhizoma Notoginseng by Charged Aerosol Detector Coupled with HPLC. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/10826070802603187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Cai Bai
- a Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicines, Ministry of Education and Department of Pharmacognosy , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing, P. R. China
- b State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center , Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Shu-Yan Han
- b State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center , Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Xing-Yun Chai
- c Key Laboratory of Marine Bio-resources Sustainable Utilization, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yong Jiang
- b State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center , Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Ping Li
- a Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicines, Ministry of Education and Department of Pharmacognosy , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Peng-Fei Tu
- a Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicines, Ministry of Education and Department of Pharmacognosy , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing, P. R. China
- b State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center , Beijing, P. R. China
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58
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Swartz
- a Synomics Pharmaceutical Services, LLC , Wareham , Massachusetts
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59
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A radiocalibration method with pseudo internal standard to estimate circulating metabolite concentrations. Bioanalysis 2010; 2:1195-210. [DOI: 10.4155/bio.10.81] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: It has become important for metabolism scientists to identify and quantify prominent circulating human metabolites in order to develop a metabolite safety-qualification package that meets regulatory standards. Often these metabolites cannot be analyzed using traditional bioanalytical methods because a standard is not available. Results: A radiocalibration method is described that can estimate circulating metabolite concentrations in nonradioactive human and animal plasma. The key to this method is application of a pseudo internal standard (PIS) that is present in both radioactive reference and nonradioactive (i.e., unknown) samples. Metabolite exposure in the unknown samples is estimated from measured PIS exposure using a relative molar ratio established between the metabolite and PIS (usually parent drug). Conclusion: Two case studies demonstrate that the method can be used to establish human metabolite safety coverage in animal plasma and method validation is demonstrated by comparing estimated metabolite concentrations in human plasma with concentrations obtained directly using a metabolite calibration curve.
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60
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Holzgrabe U, Nap CJ, Beyer T, Almeling S. Alternatives to amino acid analysis for the purity control of pharmaceutical grade L
-alanine. J Sep Sci 2010; 33:2402-10. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201000141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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61
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Yeom HS, Suh JH, Youm JR, Han SB. Simultaneous Determination of Triterpenoid Saponins from Pulsatilla koreana using High Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled with a Charged Aerosol Detector (HPLC-CAD). B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2010. [DOI: 10.5012/bkcs.2010.31.5.1159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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62
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Błażewicz A, Fijałek Z, Sarna K, Warowna-Grześkiewicz M. Determination of Pancuronium and Its Impurities in Pharmaceutical Preparation by LC with Charged Aerosol Detection. Chromatographia 2010. [DOI: 10.1365/s10337-010-1623-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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63
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Eom HY, Park SY, Kim MK, Suh JH, Yeom H, Min JW, Kim U, Lee J, Youm JR, Han SB. Comparison between evaporative light scattering detection and charged aerosol detection for the analysis of saikosaponins. J Chromatogr A 2010; 1217:4347-54. [PMID: 20452602 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2010.04.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2009] [Revised: 04/15/2010] [Accepted: 04/19/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Saikosaponins are triterpene saponins derived from the roots of Bupleurum falcatum L. (Umbelliferae), which has been traditionally used to treat fever, inflammation, liver diseases, and nephritis. It is difficult to analyze saikosaponins using HPLC-UV due to the lack of chromophores. Therefore, evaporative light scattering detection (ELSD) is used as a valuable alternative to UV detection. More recently, a charged aerosol detection (CAD) method has been developed to improve the sensitivity and reproducibility of ELSD. In this study, we compared CAD and ELSD methods in the simultaneous analysis of 10 saikosaponins, including saikosaponins-A, -B(1), -B(2), -B(3), -B(4), -C, -D, -G, -H and -I. A mixture of the 10 saikosaponins was injected into the Ascentis Express C18 column (100 mm x 4.6 mm, 2.7 microm) with gradient elution and detection with CAD and ELSD by splitting. We examined various factors that could affect the sensitivity of the detectors including various concentrations of additives, pH and flow rate of the mobile phase, purity of nitrogen gas and the CAD range. The sensitivity was determined based on the signal-to-noise ratio. The best sensitivity for CAD was achieved with 0.1 mM ammonium acetate at pH 4.0 in the mobile phase with a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min, and the CAD range at 100 pA, whereas that for ELSD was achieved with 0.01% acetic acid in the mobile phase with a flow rate at 0.8 mL/min. The purity of the nitrogen gas had only minor effects on the sensitivities of both detectors. Finally, the sensitivity for CAD was two to six times better than that of ELSD. Taken together, these results suggest that CAD provides a more sensitive analysis of the 10 saikosaponins than does ELSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Young Eom
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul 156-756, South Korea
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64
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Merle C, Laugel C, Chaminade P, Baillet-Guffroy A. QUANTITATIVE STUDY OF THE STRATUM CORNEUM LIPID CLASSES BY NORMAL PHASE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY: COMPARISON BETWEEN TWO UNIVERSAL DETECTORS. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/10826071003608520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Merle
- a Groupe Chimie Analytique de Paris-Sud EA, School of Pharmacy , Châtenay-Malabry Cedex, France
| | - C. Laugel
- a Groupe Chimie Analytique de Paris-Sud EA, School of Pharmacy , Châtenay-Malabry Cedex, France
| | - P. Chaminade
- a Groupe Chimie Analytique de Paris-Sud EA, School of Pharmacy , Châtenay-Malabry Cedex, France
| | - A. Baillet-Guffroy
- a Groupe Chimie Analytique de Paris-Sud EA, School of Pharmacy , Châtenay-Malabry Cedex, France
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65
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Błażewicz A, Fijałek Z, Warowna-Grześkiewicz M, Jadach M. Determination of atracurium, cisatracurium and mivacurium with their impurities in pharmaceutical preparations by liquid chromatography with charged aerosol detection. J Chromatogr A 2010; 1217:1266-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2009.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2009] [Revised: 12/02/2009] [Accepted: 12/08/2009] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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66
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Vehovec T, Obreza A. Review of operating principle and applications of the charged aerosol detector. J Chromatogr A 2010; 1217:1549-56. [PMID: 20083252 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2010.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2009] [Revised: 12/27/2009] [Accepted: 01/05/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Recently a new detection method, based upon aerosol charging (the charged aerosol detector (CAD)) has been introduced as an alternative to evaporative light-scattering detector (ELSD), chemiluminescent nitrogen detector and refractive index detector for detection of non-ultraviolet and weakly ultraviolet active compounds and for UV-absorbing compounds in the absence of standards. The content of this review article includes description of operation principle, advantages and disadvantages of CAD system, and short reports of selected applications of this detector. The main advantages of CAD detector are unique performance characteristics: better sensitivity than ELSD system, a dynamic range of up to 4 orders of magnitude, ease of use and constancy of response factors. Both detectors are mass dependent and the response generated does not depend on the spectral or physicochemical properties of the analyte. This attractive feature of a detection technique generating universal response factors is the potential use of a single, universal standard for calibration against which all other compounds or impurities can be qualified. CAD also has the same limitation as ELSD, namely, the response is affected by mobile-phase composition. This problem has been resolved by using inverse gradient compensation as is done for high pressure liquid chromatography and supercritical fluid chromatography. CAD has been applied for the analysis of structurally diverse compounds used in the pharmaceutical, chemical, food, and consumer products industries and in life science research. They include nonvolatile and semivolatile neutral, acidic, basic, and zwitterionic compounds, both polar and nonpolar (e.g. lipids, proteins, steroids, polymers, carbohydrates, peptides).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Vehovec
- Stability Testing Department, Krka d.d., Smarjeska cesta 6, 8501 Novo mesto, Slovenia.
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67
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Márquez-Sillero I, Aguilera-Herrador E, Cárdenas S, Valcárcel M. Determination of parabens in cosmetic products using multi-walled carbon nanotubes as solid phase extraction sorbent and corona-charged aerosol detection system. J Chromatogr A 2010; 1217:1-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2009.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2009] [Revised: 10/29/2009] [Accepted: 11/02/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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68
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Tamura M, Takahashi A, Uyama A, Mochizuki N. Simultaneous Analysis for Carbohydrates in Drinks by High Performance Liquid Chromatography with Charged Aerosol Detector. BUNSEKI KAGAKU 2010. [DOI: 10.2116/bunsekikagaku.59.239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masayoshi Tamura
- Research Laboratory for Food Safety Chemistry, Asahi Breweries, Ltd
| | - Ayumi Takahashi
- Research Laboratory for Food Safety Chemistry, Asahi Breweries, Ltd
| | - Atsuo Uyama
- Research Laboratory for Food Safety Chemistry, Asahi Breweries, Ltd
| | - Naoki Mochizuki
- Research Laboratory for Food Safety Chemistry, Asahi Breweries, Ltd
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69
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Yamazaki T, Ihara T, Nakamura S, Kato K. Determination of Impurities in 17.BETA.-Estradiol Reagent by HPLC with Charged Aerosol Detector. BUNSEKI KAGAKU 2010. [DOI: 10.2116/bunsekikagaku.59.219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Taichi Yamazaki
- Organic Standards Section 1, Organic Analytical Chemistry Division, National Metrology Institute of Japan (NMIJ), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)
| | - Toshihide Ihara
- Measurement standards System Division, National Metrology Institute of Japan (NMIJ), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)
| | - Satoe Nakamura
- Organic Standards Section 1, Organic Analytical Chemistry Division, National Metrology Institute of Japan (NMIJ), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)
| | - Kenji Kato
- Organic Standards Section 1, Organic Analytical Chemistry Division, National Metrology Institute of Japan (NMIJ), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)
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70
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Control of impurities in l-aspartic acid and l-alanine by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with a corona charged aerosol detector. J Chromatogr A 2010; 1217:294-301. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2009.11.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2009] [Revised: 11/12/2009] [Accepted: 11/16/2009] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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71
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Comparison of the sensitivity of evaporative universal detectors and LC/MS in the HILIC and the reversed-phase HPLC modes. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2009; 877:4133-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2009.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2009] [Revised: 10/21/2009] [Accepted: 10/25/2009] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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72
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Webster GK, Marsden I, Pommerening CA, Tyrakowski CM, Tobias B. Determination of relative response factors for chromatographic investigations using NMR spectrometry. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2009; 49:1261-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2009.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2008] [Revised: 02/17/2009] [Accepted: 02/17/2009] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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73
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Kou D, Manius G, Zhan S, Chokshi HP. Size exclusion chromatography with Corona charged aerosol detector for the analysis of polyethylene glycol polymer. J Chromatogr A 2009; 1216:5424-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2009.05.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2008] [Revised: 05/11/2009] [Accepted: 05/14/2009] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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74
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Huang Z, Richards MA, Zha Y, Francis R, Lozano R, Ruan J. Determination of inorganic pharmaceutical counterions using hydrophilic interaction chromatography coupled with a Corona CAD detector. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2009; 50:809-14. [PMID: 19616396 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2009.06.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2009] [Revised: 06/18/2009] [Accepted: 06/19/2009] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
A simple generic approach was investigated for the determination of inorganic pharmaceutical counterions in drug substances using conventional high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) instruments. An intuitive approach combined Corona charged aerosol detection (CAD) with a polymer-based zwitterionic stationary phase in the hydrophilic interaction chromatography (HILIC) mode. Two generic methods based on this HILIC/CAD technique were developed to quantitate counterions such as Cl-, Br-, SO(4)(2-), K+, Ca2+ and Mg2+ in different pharmaceutical compounds. The development and capability of this HILIC/CAD technique analysis were examined. HILIC/CAD was compared to ion chromatography (IC), the most commonly used methodology for pharmaceutical counterion analysis. HILIC/CAD was found to have significant advantages in terms of: (1) being able to quantitate both anions and cations simultaneously without a need to change column/eluent or detection mode; (2) imposing much less restriction on the allowable organic percentage of the eluents than IC, and therefore being more appropriate for analysis of counterions of poorly water-soluble drugs; (3) requiring minimal training of the operating analysts. The precision and accuracy of counterion analysis using HILIC/CAD was not compromised. A typical precision of <2.0% was observed for all tested inorganic counterions; the determinations were within 2.0% relative to the theoretical counterion amount in the drug substance. Additionally, better accuracy was shown for Cl- in several drug substances as compared to IC. The main drawback of HILIC/CAD is its unsuitability for many of the current silica-based HILIC columns, because slight dissolution of silica leads to high baseline noise in the CAD detector. As a result of the universal detection characteristics of Corona CAD and the unique separation capabilities of a zwitterionic stationary phase, an intuitive and robust HPLC method was developed for the generic determination of various counterions in different drug substances. HILIC/CAD technique is a useful alternative methodology, particularly for determination of counterions in low-solubility drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Huang
- Bristol-Myers Squibb, Research and Development, 1 Squibb Drive, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA.
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75
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Wang L, He WS, Yan HX, Jiang Y, Bi KS, Tu PF. Performance Evaluation of Charged Aerosol and Evaporative Light Scattering Detection for the Determination of Ginsenosides by LC. Chromatographia 2009. [DOI: 10.1365/s10337-009-1192-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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76
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Hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography – charged aerosol detection as a straightforward solution for simultaneous analysis of ascorbic acid and dehydroascorbic acid. J Chromatogr A 2009; 1216:4574-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2009.03.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2009] [Revised: 03/18/2009] [Accepted: 03/23/2009] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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77
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Current awareness in phytochemical analysis. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2008; 19:471-478. [PMID: 18773504 DOI: 10.1002/pca.1040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
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78
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Vas G, Alquier L, Maryanoff CA, Cohen J, Reed G. Investigation of mass-balance issue in e-beam sterilized paclitaxel eluting coronary stents by SPME/GC-MS. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2008; 48:568-72. [PMID: 18617351 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2008.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2008] [Revised: 05/16/2008] [Accepted: 05/19/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Paclitaxel eluting coronary stents were sterilized by e-beam in a closed system, to investigate sterilization related mass-balance issues and evaluate potential volatile paclitaxel degradation products. A solid-phase microextraction (SPME) method utilizing a polydimethyl-siloxane/divinyl-benzene (PDMS/DVB) fiber was optimized for extracting the volatiles from the head-space of the sterilized stents. GC-MS was used for separation, identification, and quantitation of the components. Benzaldehyde and benzoic acid were identified as paclitaxel related volatile degradation products. Three groups of stents were included in the study, a control group (not exposed to e-beam), a group sterilized at 25 kGy, and a final group sterilized at 75 kGy. The stents sterilized by e-beam at 75 kGy contained significantly higher levels of benzoic acid relative to the controls and the stents at 25 kGy contained intermediate levels of benzoic acid. The benzaldehyde levels increased in the 25 kGy e-beam sterilized stents relative to the control but remained fairly constant in the 75 kGy e-beam sterilized stents relative to the 25 kGy e-beam results. Mechanism for the formation of benzoic acid and benzaldehyde from paclitaxel was proposed. The levels of benzoic acid and benzaldehyde observed on the stents did not resolve the original mass-balance issue, but most likely contribute to the lack of mass balance observed for paclitaxel.
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Affiliation(s)
- György Vas
- Cordis Corporation, Convergent Product Development, Analytical Technologies, Welsh and McKean Roads, P.O. Box 776, Spring House, PA 19477-0776, USA.
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