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Huang F, Ning M, Wang K, Liu J, Guan W, Leng Y, Shen J. Discovery of Highly Polar β-Homophenylalanine Derivatives as Nonsystemic Intestine-Targeted Dipeptidyl Peptidase IV Inhibitors. J Med Chem 2019; 62:10919-10925. [PMID: 31747282 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b01649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Although intensively expressed within intestine, the precise roles of intestinal dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPPIV) in numerous pathologies remain incompletely understood. Here, we first reported a nonsystemic intestine-targeted (NSIT) DPPIV inhibitor with β-homophenylalanine scaffold, compound 7, which selectively inhibited the intestinal rather than plasmatic DPPIV at an oral dosage as high as 30 mg/kg. We expect that compound 7 could serve as a qualified tissue-selective tool to determine undetected physiological or pathological roles of intestinal DPPIV.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Wenbo Guan
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , No. 19A Yuquan Road , Beijing , 100049 , China
| | - Ying Leng
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , No. 19A Yuquan Road , Beijing , 100049 , China
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Zhang Z, Tang H, Chen P, Xie H, Tao Y. Demystifying the manipulation of host immunity, metabolism, and extraintestinal tumors by the gut microbiome. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2019; 4:41. [PMID: 31637019 PMCID: PMC6799818 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-019-0074-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The trillions of microorganisms in the gut microbiome have attracted much attention recently owing to their sophisticated and widespread impacts on numerous aspects of host pathophysiology. Remarkable progress in large-scale sequencing and mass spectrometry has increased our understanding of the influence of the microbiome and/or its metabolites on the onset and progression of extraintestinal cancers and the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy. Given the plasticity in microbial composition and function, microbial-based therapeutic interventions, including dietary modulation, prebiotics, and probiotics, as well as fecal microbial transplantation, potentially permit the development of novel strategies for cancer therapy to improve clinical outcomes. Herein, we summarize the latest evidence on the involvement of the gut microbiome in host immunity and metabolism, the effects of the microbiome on extraintestinal cancers and the immune response, and strategies to modulate the gut microbiome, and we discuss ongoing studies and future areas of research that deserve focused research efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410078 Hunan, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis (Central South University), Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, 410078 Changsha, Hunan China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Tumor Models and Individualized Medicine, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410011 Changsha, China
- Department of Oncology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410013 Changsha, China
| | - Haosheng Tang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410078 Hunan, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis (Central South University), Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, 410078 Changsha, Hunan China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Tumor Models and Individualized Medicine, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410011 Changsha, China
| | - Peng Chen
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008 Changsha, China
| | - Hui Xie
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 410011 Changsha, China
| | - Yongguang Tao
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410078 Hunan, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis (Central South University), Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, 410078 Changsha, Hunan China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Tumor Models and Individualized Medicine, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410011 Changsha, China
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Zhong H, Ren H, Lu Y, Fang C, Hou G, Yang Z, Chen B, Yang F, Zhao Y, Shi Z, Zhou B, Wu J, Zou H, Zi J, Chen J, Bao X, Hu Y, Gao Y, Zhang J, Xu X, Hou Y, Yang H, Wang J, Liu S, Jia H, Madsen L, Brix S, Kristiansen K, Liu F, Li J. Distinct gut metagenomics and metaproteomics signatures in prediabetics and treatment-naïve type 2 diabetics. EBioMedicine 2019; 47:373-383. [PMID: 31492563 PMCID: PMC6796533 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.08.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The gut microbiota plays important roles in modulating host metabolism. Previous studies have demonstrated differences in the gut microbiome of T2D and prediabetic individuals compared to healthy individuals, with distinct disease-related microbial profiles being reported in groups of different age and ethnicity. However, confounding factors such as anti-diabetic medication hamper identification of the gut microbial changes in disease development. Method We used a combination of in-depth metagenomics and metaproteomics analyses of faecal samples from treatment-naïve type 2 diabetic (TN-T2D, n = 77), pre-diabetic (Pre-DM, n = 80), and normal glucose tolerant (NGT, n = 97) individuals to investigate compositional and functional changes of the gut microbiota and the faecal content of microbial and host proteins in Pre-DM and treatment-naïve T2D individuals to elucidate possible host-microbial interplays characterizing different disease stages. Findings We observed distinct differences characterizing the gut microbiota of these three groups and validated several key features in an independent TN-T2D cohort. We also demonstrated that the content of several human antimicrobial peptides and pancreatic enzymes differed in faecal samples between three groups. Interpretation Our findings suggest a complex, disease stage-dependent interplay between the gut microbiota and the host and point to the value of metaproteomics to gain further insight into interplays between the gut microbiota and the host. Fund The study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 31601073), the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No. 2017YFC0909703) and the Shenzhen Municipal Government of China (No. JCYJ20170817145809215). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanzi Zhong
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China; China National GeneBank, Shenzhen 518120, China; Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Huahui Ren
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China; China National GeneBank, Shenzhen 518120, China; Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Yan Lu
- Suzhou Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Suzhou 215007, China
| | - Chao Fang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China; China National GeneBank, Shenzhen 518120, China; Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Guixue Hou
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China; China National GeneBank, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Ziyi Yang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China; China National GeneBank, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Bing Chen
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China; China National GeneBank, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Fangming Yang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China; BGI Education Centre, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China; China National GeneBank, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Zhun Shi
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China; China National GeneBank, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Baojin Zhou
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China; China National GeneBank, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Jiegen Wu
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | - Hua Zou
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China; BGI Education Centre, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | - Jin Zi
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China; China National GeneBank, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Jiayu Chen
- China National GeneBank, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Xiao Bao
- China National GeneBank, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Yihe Hu
- Suzhou Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Suzhou 215007, China
| | - Yan Gao
- Suzhou Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Suzhou 215007, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Suzhou Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Suzhou 215007, China
| | - Xun Xu
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China; China National GeneBank, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Yong Hou
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China; China National GeneBank, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Huanming Yang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China; James D. Watson Institute of Genome Sciences, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jian Wang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China; James D. Watson Institute of Genome Sciences, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Siqi Liu
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China; China National GeneBank, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Huijue Jia
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China; China National GeneBank, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Lise Madsen
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China; China National GeneBank, Shenzhen 518120, China; Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; Institute of Marine Research, P.O. Box 7800, 5020 Bergen, Norway
| | - Susanne Brix
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Soltofts Plads, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Karsten Kristiansen
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China; China National GeneBank, Shenzhen 518120, China; Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Fang Liu
- Suzhou Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Suzhou 215007, China.
| | - Junhua Li
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China; China National GeneBank, Shenzhen 518120, China; School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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