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Mechanisms and biomaterials in pH-responsive tumour targeted drug delivery: A review. Biomaterials 2016; 85:152-67. [PMID: 26871891 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.01.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 619] [Impact Index Per Article: 77.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2015] [Revised: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
As the mainstay in the treatment of various cancers, chemotherapy plays a vital role, but still faces many challenges, such as poor tumour selectivity and multidrug resistance (MDR). Targeted drug delivery using nanotechnology has provided a new strategy for addressing the limitations of the conventional chemotherapy. In the last decade, the volume of research published in this area has increased tremendously, especially with functional nano drug delivery systems (nanocarriers). Coupling a specific stimuli-triggered drug release mechanism with these delivery systems is one of the most prevalent approaches for improving therapeutic outcomes. Among the various stimuli, pH triggered delivery is regarded as the most general strategy, targeting the acidic extracellular microenvironment and intracellular organelles of solid tumours. In this review, we discuss recent advances in the development of pH-sensitive nanocarriers for tumour-targeted drug delivery. The review focuses on the chemical design of pH-sensitive biomaterials, which are used to fabricate nanocarriers for extracellular and/or intracellular tumour site-specific drug release. The pH-responsive biomaterials bring forth conformational changes in these nanocarriers through various mechanisms such as protonation, charge reversal or cleavage of a chemical bond, facilitating tumour specific cell uptake or drug release. A greater understanding of these mechanisms will help to design more efficient drug delivery systems to address the challenges encountered in conventional chemotherapy.
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52
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Devendiran RM, Chinnaiyan SK, Yadav NK, Moorthy GK, Ramanathan G, Singaravelu S, Sivagnanam UT, Perumal PT. Green synthesis of folic acid-conjugated gold nanoparticles with pectin as reducing/stabilizing agent for cancer theranostics. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra01698g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The one pot aqueous green synthesis of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) decorated with folic acid and loaded with doxorubicin suitable for anti-cancer drug delivery was potentially promising as a new therapeutic system for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Narra Kishore Yadav
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology
- Anna University
- BIT Campus
- Tiruchirappalli-620024
- India
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53
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Devendiran RM, Chinnaiyan SK, Yadav NK, Ramanathan G, Singaravelu S, Perumal PT, Sivagnanam UT. Facile synthesis and evaluation of quercetin reduced and dextran sulphate stabilized gold nanoparticles decorated with folic acid for active targeting against breast cancer. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra01756h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The synthesized gold nanoparticles (GNPs) exhibited higher potential to induce cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase with better therapeutic activity against cancer cells but also leads to reduction in the toxic effect of cancer drugs on normal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Narra Kishore Yadav
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology
- Anna University
- Tiruchirappalli-620024
- India
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54
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Oliveira MS, Mussi SV, Gomes DA, Yoshida MI, Frezard F, Carregal VM, Ferreira LAM. α-Tocopherol succinate improves encapsulation and anticancer activity of doxorubicin loaded in solid lipid nanoparticles. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2015; 140:246-253. [PMID: 26764108 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2015.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2015] [Revised: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 12/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
This work aimed to develop solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) co-loaded with doxorubicin and α-tocopheryl succinate (TS), a succinic acid ester of α-tocopherol that exhibits anticancer actions, evaluating the influence of TS on drug encapsulation efficiency. The SLN were characterized for size, zeta potential, entrapment efficiency (EE), and drug release. Studies of in vitro anticancer activity were also conducted. The EE was significantly improved from 30 ± 1% to 96 ± 2% for SLN without and with TS at 0.4%, respectively. In contrast, a reduction in particle size from 298 ± 1 to 79 ± 1 nm was observed for SLN without and with TS respectively. The doxorubicin release data show that SLN provide a controlled drug release. The in vitro studies showed higher cytotoxicity for doxorubicin-TS-loaded SLN than for free doxorubicin in breast cancer cells. These findings suggest that TS-doxorubicin-loaded SLN is a promising alternative for the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana S Oliveira
- Department of Phamaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Brazil
| | - Samuel V Mussi
- Department of Phamaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Brazil
| | - Dawidson A Gomes
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Brazil
| | - Maria Irene Yoshida
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Exact Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Brazil
| | - Frederic Frezard
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Av Antônio Carlos, 6627, Campus Pampulha, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Virgínia M Carregal
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Av Antônio Carlos, 6627, Campus Pampulha, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Lucas A M Ferreira
- Department of Phamaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Brazil.
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55
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Zia F, Zia KM, Zuber M, Kamal S, Aslam N. Starch based polyurethanes: A critical review updating recent literature. Carbohydr Polym 2015; 134:784-98. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2015.08.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2015] [Revised: 08/11/2015] [Accepted: 08/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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56
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Wang Y, Zhao R, Wang S, Liu Z, Tang R. In vivo dual-targeted chemotherapy of drug resistant cancer by rationally designed nanocarrier. Biomaterials 2015; 75:71-81. [PMID: 26491996 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.09.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2015] [Revised: 09/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Multidrug resistance is one of major obstacles to the effective cancer chemotherapy. To address this issue, we developed the effective circumvention of multidrug resistance in cancer cells by a yolk-shell Fe3O4@MgSiO3 nanoplatform with the polymerpoly(ethylene glycol) and folic acid modifications can achieve active targeted delivery of anti-cancer drug by using combined magnetic and ligand targeting. The direct intracellular drug delivery of doxorubicin by nanocarrier was much more effectively than free DOX for multidrug resistant Hep-G2/MDR cancer cells. Besides the excellent biocompatibility, high drug loading efficiency, dual-targeting delivery, and controlled releasing behavior, in vivo experiments demonstrate that this nanocarrier can specifically deliver and concentrate doxorubicin hydrochloride in tumor sites to overcome drug resistance. It follows an alternative strategy for effective chemotherapy against drug resistant cancers by using rationally designed nanomaterial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- Centre for Biomaterials and Biopathways, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, PR China
| | - Ruibo Zhao
- Centre for Biomaterials and Biopathways, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, PR China
| | - Shibing Wang
- Clinical Research Centre, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, PR China
| | - Zhaoming Liu
- Centre for Biomaterials and Biopathways, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, PR China
| | - Ruikang Tang
- Centre for Biomaterials and Biopathways, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, PR China; Qiushi Academy for Advanced Studies, Zhejiang University, Hanghzou, Zhejiang 310027, China.
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57
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Manganese oxide and docetaxel co-loaded fluorescent polymer nanoparticles for dual modal imaging and chemotherapy of breast cancer. J Control Release 2015; 209:186-96. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2015.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2014] [Revised: 03/02/2015] [Accepted: 04/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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58
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Wang H, Sun Y, Yi J, Fu J, Di J, del Carmen Alonso A, Zhou S. Fluorescent porous carbon nanocapsules for two-photon imaging, NIR/pH dual-responsive drug carrier, and photothermal therapy. Biomaterials 2015; 53:117-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.02.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2014] [Revised: 02/13/2015] [Accepted: 02/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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59
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Swain AK, Pradhan L, Bahadur D. Polymer Stabilized Fe3O4-Graphene as an Amphiphilic Drug Carrier for Thermo-Chemotherapy of Cancer. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:8013-22. [PMID: 25821899 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b02536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
In light of the growing interest in the search for cheap and effective solutions for cancer treatment, we report a simple one pot synthesis of polymer stabilized iron oxide-graphene (PIG) that could be realized on a large scale. The structural (Fe3O4 particle size of ∼11 nm), functional (various oxygen containing moieties), and magnetic (moment of ∼43 emu/g) properties of PIG are explored using various characterization techniques for possible biomedical applications. PIG shows good colloidal stability and is biocompatible even at higher concentrations (2.5 mg/mL) by virtue of cross-linking polymers. The biocompatibility of the composite has been tested using HeLa cell lines by computing the percentage of the reactive oxygen species through the 2,7-dichlorofluorescein (DCF) intensity level. PIG has the ability to load and release both hydrophobic and hydrophilic drugs with a good loading efficiency and capacity. The dug loading efficiency of PIG is measured to be ∼87% and ∼91% for doxorubicin (DOX) and paclitaxel (PTXL), respectively. Under an AC magnetic field, superparamagnetic PIG (2.5 mg/mL) takes less than 16 min to reach the stable hyperthermia temperature, suggesting it as a good anticancer material. A time-dependent cellular uptake of doxorubicin-conjugated PIG has been studied to optimize the parameters for thermo-chemotherapy of cancer. The synergetic effect of both the drug and hyperthermia is observed in the killing of the cancerous cells, verified by computing the cell apoptotic population using a flow cytometer. However, it has been noticed that, even in the absence of chemotherapy, PIG shows good antiproliferative activity with thermotherapy alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshaya Kumar Swain
- †IITB-Monash Research Academy, Department of Metallurgical Engineering and Materials Science, Indian Institute of Technology-Bombay, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India, 400076
| | - Lina Pradhan
- ‡Center for Research in Nanotechnology and Science, Indian Institute of Technology-Bombay, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India, 400076
| | - Dhirendra Bahadur
- §Department of Metallurgical Engineering and Materials Science, Indian Institute of Technology-Bombay, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India, 400076
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60
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Coupled equilibria of a self-associating drug loaded into polymeric nanoparticles. Methods 2015; 76:162-170. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2014.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2014] [Revised: 12/13/2014] [Accepted: 12/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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61
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Chen L, Xue Y, Xia X, Song M, Huang J, Zhang H, Yu B, Long S, Liu Y, Liu L, Huang S, Yu F. A redox stimuli-responsive superparamagnetic nanogel with chemically anchored DOX for enhanced anticancer efficacy and low systemic adverse effects. J Mater Chem B 2015; 3:8949-8962. [DOI: 10.1039/c5tb01851j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
DOX anchored via disulfide onto alginate coated superparamagnetic nanoparticles promised high efficacy with low systemic adverse effects.
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62
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Li J, Cai P, Shalviri A, Henderson JT, He C, Foltz WD, Prasad P, Brodersen PM, Chen Y, DaCosta R, Rauth AM, Wu XY. A multifunctional polymeric nanotheranostic system delivers doxorubicin and imaging agents across the blood-brain barrier targeting brain metastases of breast cancer. ACS NANO 2014; 8:9925-9940. [PMID: 25307677 DOI: 10.1021/nn501069c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Metastatic brain cancers, in particular cancers with multiple lesions, are one of the most difficult malignancies to treat owing to their location and aggressiveness. Chemotherapy for brain metastases offers some hope. However, its efficacy is severely limited as most chemotherapeutic agents are incapable of crossing the blood-brain barrier (BBB) efficiently. Thus, a multifunctional nanotheranostic system based on poly(methacrylic acid)-polysorbate 80-grafted-starch was designed herein for the delivery of BBB-impermeable imaging and therapeutic agents to brain metastases of breast cancer. In vivo magnetic resonance imaging and confocal fluorescence microscopy were used to confirm extravasation of gadolinium and dye-loaded nanoparticles from intact brain microvessels in healthy mice. The targetability of doxorubicin (Dox)-loaded nanoparticles to intracranially established brain metastases of breast cancer was evaluated using whole body and ex vivo fluorescence imaging of the brain. Coexistence of nanoparticles and Dox in brain metastatic lesions was further confirmed by histological and microscopic examination of dissected brain tissue. Immuno-histochemical staining for caspase-3 and terminal-deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling for DNA fragmentation in tumor-bearing brain sections revealed that Dox-loaded nanoparticles selectively induced cancer cell apoptosis 24 h post-injection, while sparing normal brain cells from harm. Such effects were not observed in the mice treated with free Dox. Treatment with Dox-loaded nanoparticles significantly inhibited brain tumor growth compared to free Dox at the same dose as assessed by in vivo bioluminescence imaging of the brain metastases. These findings suggest that the multifunctional nanoparticles are promising for the treatment of brain metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario M5S 3M2, Canada
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63
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Misra R, Mohanty S. Sustained release of methotrexate through liquid-crystalline folate nanoparticles. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2014; 25:2095-2109. [PMID: 24952639 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-014-5257-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2014] [Accepted: 06/09/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
To make chemotherapy more effective, sustained release of the drug is desirable. By controlling the release rates, constant therapeutic levels can be achieved which can avoid re-administration of drug. This helps to combat tumors more effectively with minimal side effects. The present study reports the control release of methotrexate through liquid-crystalline folate nanoparticles. These nanoparticles are composed of highly ordered folate self-assembly which encapsulate methotrexate molecules. These drug molecules can be released in a controlled manner by disrupting this assembly in the environment of monovalent cations. The ordered structure of folate nanoparticles offers low drug losses of about 4-5%, which is significant in itself. This study reports the size-control method of forming methotrexate encapsulated folate nanoparticles as well as the release of methotrexate through these nanoparticles. It has been demonstrated that methotrexate release rates can be controlled by controlling the size of the nanoparticles, cross-linking cation and cross-linking concentration. The effect of different factors like drug loading, release medium, and pH of the medium on methotrexate release rates was also studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Misra
- Advance Materials & Nanoscience Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110016, India,
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64
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Šubr V, Sivák L, Koziolová E, Braunová A, Pechar M, Strohalm J, Kabešová M, Říhová B, Ulbrich K, Kovář M. Synthesis of Poly[N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide] Conjugates of Inhibitors of the ABC Transporter That Overcome Multidrug Resistance in Doxorubicin-Resistant P388 Cells in Vitro. Biomacromolecules 2014; 15:3030-43. [DOI: 10.1021/bm500649q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- V. Šubr
- Institute
of Macromolecular Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic v.v.i., Heyrovsky Sq. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - L. Sivák
- Institute
of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic v.v.i., Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - E. Koziolová
- Institute
of Macromolecular Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic v.v.i., Heyrovsky Sq. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - A. Braunová
- Institute
of Macromolecular Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic v.v.i., Heyrovsky Sq. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - M. Pechar
- Institute
of Macromolecular Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic v.v.i., Heyrovsky Sq. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - J. Strohalm
- Institute
of Macromolecular Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic v.v.i., Heyrovsky Sq. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - M. Kabešová
- Institute
of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic v.v.i., Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - B. Říhová
- Institute
of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic v.v.i., Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - K. Ulbrich
- Institute
of Macromolecular Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic v.v.i., Heyrovsky Sq. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - M. Kovář
- Institute
of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic v.v.i., Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic
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65
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Prasad P, Gordijo CR, Abbasi AZ, Maeda A, Ip A, Rauth AM, DaCosta RS, Wu XY. Multifunctional albumin-MnO₂ nanoparticles modulate solid tumor microenvironment by attenuating hypoxia, acidosis, vascular endothelial growth factor and enhance radiation response. ACS NANO 2014; 8:3202-12. [PMID: 24702320 DOI: 10.1021/nn405773r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 431] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Insufficient oxygenation (hypoxia), acidic pH (acidosis), and elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as H2O2, are characteristic abnormalities of the tumor microenvironment (TME). These abnormalities promote tumor aggressiveness, metastasis, and resistance to therapies. To date, there is no treatment available for comprehensive modulation of the TME. Approaches so far have been limited to regulating hypoxia, acidosis, or ROS individually, without accounting for their interdependent effects on tumor progression and response to treatments. Hence we have engineered multifunctional and colloidally stable bioinorganic nanoparticles composed of polyelectrolyte-albumin complex and MnO2 nanoparticles (A-MnO2 NPs) and utilized the reactivity of MnO2 toward peroxides for regulation of the TME with simultaneous oxygen generation and pH increase. In vitro studies showed that these NPs can generate oxygen by reacting with H2O2 produced by cancer cells under hypoxic conditions. A-MnO2 NPs simultaneously increased tumor oxygenation by 45% while increasing tumor pH from pH 6.7 to pH 7.2 by reacting with endogenous H2O2 produced within the tumor in a murine breast tumor model. Intratumoral treatment with NPs also led to the downregulation of two major regulators in tumor progression and aggressiveness, that is, hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha and vascular endothelial growth factor in the tumor. Combination treatment of the tumors with NPs and ionizing radiation significantly inhibited breast tumor growth, increased DNA double strand breaks and cancer cell death as compared to radiation therapy alone. These results suggest great potential of A-MnO2 NPs for modulation of the TME and enhancement of radiation response in the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preethy Prasad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie L. Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario M5S 3M2, Canada
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66
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Mishra RK, Ramasamy K, Ahmad NA, Eshak Z, Majeed ABA. pH dependent poly[2-(methacryloyloxyethyl)trimetylammonium chloride-co-methacrylic acid]hydrogels for enhanced targeted delivery of 5-fluorouracil in colon cancer cells. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2014; 25:999-1012. [PMID: 24398912 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-013-5132-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2013] [Accepted: 12/23/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Stimuli responsive hydrogels have shown enormous potential as a carrier for targeted drug delivery. In this study we have developed novel pH responsive hydrogels for the delivery of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in order to alleviate its antitumor activity while reducing its toxicity. We used 2-(methacryloyloxyethyl) trimetylammonium chloride a positively charged monomer and methacrylic acid for fabricating the pH responsive hydrogels. The released 5-FU from all except hydrogel (GEL-5) remained biologically active against human colon cancer cell lines [HT29 (IC50 = 110-190 μg ml(-1)) and HCT116 (IC50 = 210-390 μg ml(-1))] but not human skin fibroblast cells [BJ (CRL2522); IC50 ≥ 1000 μg ml(-1)]. This implies that the copolymer hydrogels (1-4) were able to release 5-FU effectively to colon cancer cells but not normal human skin fibroblast cells. This is probably due to the shorter doubling time that results in reduced pH in colon cancer cells when compared to fibroblast cells. These pH sensitive hydrogels showed well defined cell apoptosis in HCT116 cells through series of events such as chromatin condensation, membrane blebbing, and formation of apoptotic bodies. No cell killing was observed in the case of blank hydrogels. The results showed the potential of these stimuli responsive polymer hydrogels as a carrier for colon cancer delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- R K Mishra
- Brain Science Research Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 42300, Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia,
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67
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Pilapong C, Keereeta Y, Munkhetkorn S, Thongtem S, Thongtem T. Enhanced doxorubicin delivery and cytotoxicity in multidrug resistant cancer cells using multifunctional magnetic nanoparticles. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2014; 113:249-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2013.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2013] [Revised: 08/30/2013] [Accepted: 09/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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68
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Livney YD, Assaraf YG. Rationally designed nanovehicles to overcome cancer chemoresistance. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2013; 65:1716-30. [PMID: 23954781 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2013.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2013] [Accepted: 08/08/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Drug resistance is a primary hindrance towards curative cancer chemotherapy. Nanotechnology holds great promise in establishing efficacious and innovative strategies to overcome chemoresistance, and markedly facilitate complementary treatments and cancer diagnostics. Various nanomedical devices are being introduced and evaluated, demonstrating encouraging results. While stealth liposomes serve as a benchmark, astonishing progress is witnessed in polymeric nanovehicles, sometimes combined with low molecular weight surfactants, some of which inhibit drug resistance in addition to solubilizing drugs. Cutting edge multifunctional or quadrugnostic nanoparticles currently developed offer simultaneous targeted delivery of chemotherapeutics and chemosensitizers or drug-resistance gene silencing cargo, along with diagnostic imaging agents, like metallic NPs. Viral and cellular components offer exciting new routes for cancer targeting and treatment. Targeting intracellular compartments is another challenging frontier spawning pioneering approaches and results. To further enhance rational design of nanomedicine for overcoming drug resistance, we review the latest thoughts and accomplishments in recent literature.
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69
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Yin Q, Shen J, Zhang Z, Yu H, Li Y. Reversal of multidrug resistance by stimuli-responsive drug delivery systems for therapy of tumor. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2013; 65:1699-715. [PMID: 23611952 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2013.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 286] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2012] [Revised: 02/01/2013] [Accepted: 04/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Multidrug resistance (MDR) is a major obstacle to successful cancer therapy, especially for chemotherapy. The new drug delivery system (DDS) provides promising approaches to reverse MDR, for which the poor cellular uptake and insufficient intracellular drug release remain rate-limiting steps for reaching the drug concentration level within the therapeutic window. Stimulus-coupled drug delivery can control the drug-releasing pattern temporally and spatially, and improve the accumulation of chemotherapeutic agents at targeting sites. In this review, the applications of DDS which is responsive to different types of stimuli in MDR cancer therapy is introduced, and the design, construction, stimuli-sensitivity and the effect to reverse MDR of the stimuli-responsive DDS are discussed.
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70
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Triggered pH/redox responsive release of doxorubicin from prepared highly stable graphene with thiol grafted Pluronic. Int J Pharm 2013; 450:208-17. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2013.04.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2013] [Revised: 03/28/2013] [Accepted: 04/07/2013] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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71
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Multifunctional terpolymeric MRI contrast agent with superior signal enhancement in blood and tumor. J Control Release 2013; 167:11-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2013.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2012] [Revised: 12/17/2012] [Accepted: 01/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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