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Van Den Abeele J, Schilderink R, Schneider F, Mols R, Minekus M, Weitschies W, Brouwers J, Tack J, Augustijns P. Gastrointestinal and Systemic Disposition of Diclofenac under Fasted and Fed State Conditions Supporting the Evaluation of in Vitro Predictive Tools. Mol Pharm 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.7b00253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jens Van Den Abeele
- Drug Delivery and Disposition, KU Leuven, Gasthuisberg O&N II, Herestraat 49, Box 921, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ronald Schilderink
- TNO, P.O. 360, 3700 AJ, Zeist, The Netherlands
- Triskelion B.V., P.O. Box 844, 3700
AV Zeist, The Netherlands
| | - Felix Schneider
- Department
of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Center of Drug
Absorption and Transport, University of Greifswald, Felix-Hausdorff-Straße 3, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Raf Mols
- Drug Delivery and Disposition, KU Leuven, Gasthuisberg O&N II, Herestraat 49, Box 921, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mans Minekus
- TNO, P.O. 360, 3700 AJ, Zeist, The Netherlands
- Triskelion B.V., P.O. Box 844, 3700
AV Zeist, The Netherlands
| | - Werner Weitschies
- Department
of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Center of Drug
Absorption and Transport, University of Greifswald, Felix-Hausdorff-Straße 3, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Joachim Brouwers
- Drug Delivery and Disposition, KU Leuven, Gasthuisberg O&N II, Herestraat 49, Box 921, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jan Tack
- Translational
Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Patrick Augustijns
- Drug Delivery and Disposition, KU Leuven, Gasthuisberg O&N II, Herestraat 49, Box 921, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
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Van Den Abeele J, Brouwers J, Tack J, Augustijns P. Exploring the link between gastric motility and intragastric drug distribution in man. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2017; 112:75-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2016.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Revised: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 10/28/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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53
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Van Den Abeele J, Rubbens J, Brouwers J, Augustijns P. The dynamic gastric environment and its impact on drug and formulation behaviour. Eur J Pharm Sci 2017; 96:207-231. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2016.08.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Revised: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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54
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Grignard E, Taylor R, McAllister M, Box K, Fotaki N. Considerations for the development of in vitro dissolution tests to reduce or replace preclinical oral absorption studies. Eur J Pharm Sci 2016; 99:193-201. [PMID: 27940084 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2016.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Revised: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 12/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The pharmaceutical development of new chemical entities can be hampered by their solubility and/or dissolution limitations. Currently, these properties are characterised mostly during in vivo pre-clinical studies. The development of appropriate in vitro methods to study the solubility and dissolution properties in preclinical species would lead to a significant reduction or replacement of the animal experiments at this stage of development. During clinical development, media simulating the human gastrointestinal tract fluids are commonly used and a similar approach mimicking laboratory animals' gastrointestinal tract fluids would impact on the preclinical stage of development. This review summarises the current knowledge regarding the gastrointestinal physiology of the most common laboratory animals, and animal simulated gastric and intestinal media are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise Grignard
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, UK
| | | | | | - Karl Box
- Sirius Analytical Instruments Ltd., East Sussex, UK
| | - Nikoletta Fotaki
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, UK.
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55
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Sams L, Paume J, Giallo J, Carrière F. Relevant pH and lipase for in vitro models of gastric digestion. Food Funct 2016; 7:30-45. [PMID: 26527368 DOI: 10.1039/c5fo00930h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The development of in vitro digestion models relies on the availability of in vivo data such as digestive enzyme levels and pH values recorded in the course of meal digestion. The variations of these parameters along the GI tract are important for designing dynamic digestion models but also static models for which the choice of representative conditions of the gastric and intestinal conditions is critical. Simulating gastric digestion with a static model and a single set of parameters is particularly challenging because the variations in pH and enzyme concentration occurring in the stomach are much broader than those occurring in the small intestine. A review of the literature on this topic reveals that most models of gastric digestion use very low pH values that are not representative of the fed conditions. This is illustrated here by showing the variations in gastric pH as a function of meal gastric emptying instead of time. This representation highlights those pH values that are the most relevant for testing meal digestion in the stomach. Gastric lipolysis is still largely ignored or is performed with microbial lipases. In vivo data on gastric lipase and lipolysis have however been collected in humans and dogs during test meals. The biochemical characterization of gastric lipase has shown that this enzyme is rather unique among lipases: (i) stability and activity in the pH range 2 to 7 with an optimum at pH 4-5.4; (ii) high tensioactivity that allows resistance to bile salts and penetration into phospholipid layers covering TAG droplets; (iii) sn-3 stereospecificity for TAG hydrolysis; and (iv) resistance to pepsin. Most of these properties have been known for more than two decades and should provide a rational basis for the replacement of gastric lipase by other lipases when gastric lipase is not available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Sams
- CNRS, Aix Marseille Université, Enzymologie Interfaciale et Physiologie de la Lipolyse UMR7282, 31 Chemin Joseph Aiguier, 13402 Marseille Cedex 20, France. and GERME S.A., Technopôle Marseille Provence Château-Gombert, ZAC la Baronne, 12 Rue Marc Donadille, 13013 Marseille, France
| | - Julie Paume
- GERME S.A., Technopôle Marseille Provence Château-Gombert, ZAC la Baronne, 12 Rue Marc Donadille, 13013 Marseille, France
| | - Jacqueline Giallo
- GERME S.A., Technopôle Marseille Provence Château-Gombert, ZAC la Baronne, 12 Rue Marc Donadille, 13013 Marseille, France
| | - Frédéric Carrière
- CNRS, Aix Marseille Université, Enzymologie Interfaciale et Physiologie de la Lipolyse UMR7282, 31 Chemin Joseph Aiguier, 13402 Marseille Cedex 20, France.
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56
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Fed-state gastric media and drug analysis techniques: Current status and points to consider. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2016; 107:234-48. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2016.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Revised: 06/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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57
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A soft tubular model reactor based on the bionics of a small intestine – Starch hydrolysis. Chem Eng Res Des 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2016.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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58
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Van Den Abeele J, Brouwers J, Mattheus R, Tack J, Augustijns P. Gastrointestinal Behavior of Weakly Acidic BCS Class II Drugs in Man—Case Study of Diclofenac Potassium. J Pharm Sci 2016; 105:687-696. [DOI: 10.1002/jps.24647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Revised: 08/21/2015] [Accepted: 08/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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59
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Benito-Gallo P, Franceschetto A, Wong JC, Marlow M, Zann V, Scholes P, Gershkovich P. Chain length affects pancreatic lipase activity and the extent and pH–time profile of triglyceride lipolysis. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2015; 93:353-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2015.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2015] [Revised: 04/16/2015] [Accepted: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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60
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Madureira AR, Pereira A, Pintado M. Current state on the development of nanoparticles for use against bacterial gastrointestinal pathogens. Focus on chitosan nanoparticles loaded with phenolic compounds. Carbohydr Polym 2015; 130:429-39. [PMID: 26076644 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2015.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2014] [Revised: 05/05/2015] [Accepted: 05/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Gastrointestinal diseases have a huge impact especially in third world countries, making it urgent to seek new effective antimicrobial therapies. Thus, the development of nanoparticles (NPs) with bioactive compounds having antimicrobial activity has been the target of research over the past years. The development of antimicrobial drug NPs may be promising to overcome the problems associated with antibiotic resistance caused by many pathogenic bacteria. Moreover, the NPs administration of antimicrobial agents has advantages associated therewith, as use of low cost materials, contribution to the improvement of the therapeutic index and a controlled release drug by increasing the pharmacokinetics. These systems can be used to specific strains of bacteria, and to release interesting antimicrobial compounds. The phenolic compounds (PC) are a class of such bioactive compounds for which their antimicrobial activity was already tested on the production of NPs. Polymeric or lipidic NPs systems have been investigated to deliver these compounds. Chitosan is a polymer widely known for their properties, especially the antimicrobial activity and its ability to adhere to intestinal epithelium. This review article aims to evaluate and discuss recent developments in PC new delivery systems with antimicrobial activity against gastrointestinal pathogens, their production processes, activities, focusing on NPs produced using chitosan as the main structural and functional material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Raquel Madureira
- CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa/Porto, Rua Arquiteto Lobão Vital, Apartado 2511, 4202-401 Porto, Portugal
| | - Adriana Pereira
- CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa/Porto, Rua Arquiteto Lobão Vital, Apartado 2511, 4202-401 Porto, Portugal
| | - Manuela Pintado
- CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa/Porto, Rua Arquiteto Lobão Vital, Apartado 2511, 4202-401 Porto, Portugal.
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61
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Gittings S, Turnbull N, Henry B, Roberts CJ, Gershkovich P. Characterisation of human saliva as a platform for oral dissolution medium development. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2015; 91:16-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2015.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2014] [Revised: 11/24/2014] [Accepted: 01/11/2015] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Fagerberg JH, Sjögren E, Bergström CA. Concomitant intake of alcohol may increase the absorption of poorly soluble drugs. Eur J Pharm Sci 2015; 67:12-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2014.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2014] [Accepted: 10/23/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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63
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Nokhodchi A, Asare-Addo K. Drug release from matrix tablets: physiological parameters and the effect of food. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2014; 11:1401-18. [DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2014.924498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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64
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Bergström CA, Holm R, Jørgensen SA, Andersson SB, Artursson P, Beato S, Borde A, Box K, Brewster M, Dressman J, Feng KI, Halbert G, Kostewicz E, McAllister M, Muenster U, Thinnes J, Taylor R, Mullertz A. Early pharmaceutical profiling to predict oral drug absorption: Current status and unmet needs. Eur J Pharm Sci 2014; 57:173-99. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2013.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 192] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2013] [Revised: 10/17/2013] [Accepted: 10/27/2013] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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65
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Feasibility of capsule endoscopy for direct imaging of drug delivery systems in the fasted upper-gastrointestinal tract. Pharm Res 2014; 31:2044-53. [PMID: 24549826 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-014-1306-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2013] [Accepted: 01/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop a minimally-invasive method for direct visualization of drug delivery systems in the human stomach and to compare the obtained results with an established in vitro model. The method should provide the capsule rupture, dispersion characteristics, and knowledge regarding the surrounding physiological environment in the stomach. METHODS A capsule endoscopic method was developed. The disintegration time, dispersion characteristics and the impact of the physiological environment on different lipid based delivery systems in different gelatin capsules in the fasted stomach of nine healthy volunteers were visualized. Biorelevant dissolution studies using a USP II apparatus and a droplet size analysis of the released SNEDDS were performed. RESULTS Visualization of the behavior of both hard and soft gelatin capsules formulations was possible. The disintegration and dispersion of EP oil in a soft capsule and SNEDDS in a hard shell capsule were visualized. The in vitro release rates were different from the in vivo release rates of the soft capsule due to volume, fluid composition and motility differences but not for the hard capsule containing SNEDDS. CONCLUSIONS A minimally-invasive capsule endoscopic method was developed for direct visualizing of drug delivery systems in the human stomach and maybe later, in the duodenum.
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66
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Tomasik PJ, Wędrychowicz A, Rogatko I, Zając A, Fyderek K, Sztefko K. Gastric lipase secretion in children with gastritis. Nutrients 2013; 5:2924-32. [PMID: 23899880 PMCID: PMC3775235 DOI: 10.3390/nu5082924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2013] [Revised: 06/28/2013] [Accepted: 07/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric lipase is one of the prepancreatic lipases found in some mammalian species and in humans. Our knowledge of the hormonal regulation of gastric lipase secretion in children and adolescents is still very limited. The aim of this study was to compare the activity of human gastric lipase (HGL) in gastric juice in healthy adolescents and in patients with gastritis. The adolescents were allocated to three groups: the first including patients with Helicobacter pylori gastritis (HPG; n = 10), the second including patients with superficial gastritis caused by pathogens other than H. pylori (non-HPG; n = 14) and the control group including healthy adolescents (n = 14). Activity of HGL was measured in gastric juice collected during endoscopy. Plasma concentrations of cholecystokinin (CCK), glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP) were measured in all adolescents. Activity of HGL in the non-HPG group was significantly lower than in the HPG group (p < 0.005) and the control group (p < 0.005). Mean plasma GIP levels in the control group were lower than in the non-HPG group (p < 0.003) and the HPG group (p < 0.01). We conclude that the regulation of HGL secretion by GLP-1 and CCK is altered in patients with gastritis. Moreover, GIP is a potent controller of HGL activity, both in healthy subjects and in patients with gastritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Przemyslaw J. Tomasik
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Collegium Medicum, Jagiellonian University, Wielicka St. 265, Krakow 30-663, Poland; E-Mails: (I.R.); (K.S.)
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +48-887-729-907; Fax: +48-126-580-681
| | - Andrzej Wędrychowicz
- Department of Pediatrics, Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Collegium Medicum, Jagiellonian University, Wielicka St. 265, Krakow 30-663, Poland; E-Mails: (A.W.); (K.F.)
| | - Iwona Rogatko
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Collegium Medicum, Jagiellonian University, Wielicka St. 265, Krakow 30-663, Poland; E-Mails: (I.R.); (K.S.)
| | - Andrzej Zając
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Collegium Medicum, Jagiellonian University, Wielicka St. 265, Krakow 30-663, Poland; E-Mail:
| | - Krzysztof Fyderek
- Department of Pediatrics, Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Collegium Medicum, Jagiellonian University, Wielicka St. 265, Krakow 30-663, Poland; E-Mails: (A.W.); (K.F.)
| | - Krystyna Sztefko
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Collegium Medicum, Jagiellonian University, Wielicka St. 265, Krakow 30-663, Poland; E-Mails: (I.R.); (K.S.)
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Barbre Pedersen P, Pajander J, Müllertz A, Vilmann P, Jørgensen L, Baldursdottir S. Towards the understanding of complex fluids in pharmaceutical sciences. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/s1773-2247(13)50056-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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