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Wang Z, Wen C, Shi X, Lu D, Deng J, Deng F. Simultaneous inhibition of acrylamide and hydroxymethylfurfural formation by sodium glutamate microcapsules in an asparagine-glucose model system. Journal of Food Science and Technology 2017; 54:572-577. [PMID: 28242956 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-016-2470-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Inhibiting the formation of acrylamide (AA) and hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) during food heating processes has attracted considerable investigative efforts due to potential health concerns associated with these compounds. The main purpose of this work is to demonstrate a strategy to simultaneously inhibit the formation of AA and HMF with sodium glutamate microcapsules selected to confirm the efficacy of this strategy. An asparagine-glucose aqueous model system was prepared containing free sodium glutamate and sodium glutamate microcapsules. Compared to adding free sodium glutamate, the maximum inhibition efficiency for AA and HMF was found to increase by addition of sodium glutamate microcapsules to 19.07 and 84.32%, respectively. Moreover, the kinetics of AA and HMF formation were studied in this model system. The AA inhibition efficiency significantly increased from 6.75 to 60.35% and the HMF inhibition efficiency significantly increased from 5.98 to 79.72% with increasing the reaction time from 25 to 40 min, indicating that the sodium glutamate microcapsules strategy proves to be far superior at prolonged heating times. These findings suggested that this inhibition strategy may provide promising characteristics for a variety of applications in food processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zimeng Wang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128 Hunan People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Wen
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128 Hunan People's Republic of China
| | - Xingbo Shi
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128 Hunan People's Republic of China
| | - Dai Lu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128 Hunan People's Republic of China
| | - Jiehong Deng
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128 Hunan People's Republic of China
| | - Fangming Deng
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128 Hunan People's Republic of China
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He Y, Tan D, Mi Y, Bai B, Jiang D, Zhou X, Ji S. Effect of epigallocatechin-3-gallate on acrylamide-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in PC12 cells. Hum Exp Toxicol 2017; 36:1087-1099. [PMID: 27920337 DOI: 10.1177/0960327116681648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Acrylamide (ACR) is a chemical intermediate utilized in industry. ACR is also formed during heating of foods containing carbohydrates and amino acids. Therefore, humans are widely exposed to ACR, and ACR neurotoxicity in humans is a significant public health issue attracting wide attention. In this study, we investigated the potential neuroprotective effects of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), the most abundant polyphenolic compound in green tea, in PC12 cells treated with ACR. ACR-treated PC12 cells pretreated with various concentrations of EGCG (2.5, 5 and 10 μM) for 24 h had increased viability and acetylcholinesterase activity and reduced apoptosis and necrosis compared to cells exposed to ACR alone. EGCG reduced the expression of bax mRNA, decreased cytochrome c release, reduced intracellular calcium levels, inactivated caspase 3 and increased mitochondrial membrane potential, suggesting that EGCG prevents ACR-induced apoptosis through a mitochondrial-mediated pathway. In addition, EGCG inhibited the formation of reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation while enhancing superoxide dismutase activity and glutathione levels, thereby reducing oxidative stress. Our results indicate that pretreatment of PC12 cells with EGCG attenuates ACR-induced apoptosis by reducing oxidative stress. Therefore, drinking green tea may reduce nerve injury induced by ACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y He
- College of Food, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenhe District, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - D Tan
- College of Food, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenhe District, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Y Mi
- College of Food, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenhe District, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - B Bai
- College of Food, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenhe District, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - D Jiang
- College of Food, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenhe District, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - X Zhou
- College of Food, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenhe District, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - S Ji
- College of Food, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenhe District, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
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Wu M, Chen W, Wang G, He P, Wang Q. Analysis of acrylamide in food products by microchip electrophoresis with on-line multiple-preconcentration techniques. Food Chem 2016; 209:154-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.04.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2015] [Revised: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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54
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Determination of Acrylamide Content in Refined Wheat Starch (RWS) Based on Dielectric Property (DP) During Deep-Frying Process. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-015-0289-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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56
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Li J, Li D, Yang Y, Xu T, Li P, He D. Acrylamide induces locomotor defects and degeneration of dopamine neurons in Caenorhabditis elegans. J Appl Toxicol 2015; 36:60-7. [PMID: 25876170 DOI: 10.1002/jat.3144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Revised: 01/19/2015] [Accepted: 02/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Acrylamide can form in foods during the cooking process and cause multiple adverse effects. However, the neurotoxicity and mechanisms of acrylamide have not been fully elucidated. In Caenorhabditis elegans, we showed that 48 h exposure to 10-625 mg l(-1) acrylamide resulted in a significant decline in locomotor frequency of body bending, head thrashing and pharynx pumping. In addition, acrylamide exposure reduced crawling speeds and changed angles of body bending. It indicates that acrylamide induces locomotor defects, along with parkinsonian-like movement impairment, including bradykinesia and hypokinesia. Acrylamide also affected chemotaxis plasticity and reduced learning ability. Using transgenic nematodes, we found that acrylamide induced downexpression of P(dat-1) and led to the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons. Moreover, the enhanced expression of unc-54, encoding a subunit of α-synuclein was found. It illustrates that acrylamide is efficient in inducing crucial parkinsonian pathology, including dopaminergic damage and α-synuclein aggregation. These findings suggest the acrylamide-induced locomotor defects and neurotoxicity are associated with Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Li
- Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Li
- Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongsheng Yang
- Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Tiantian Xu
- Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Li
- Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Defu He
- Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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Krishna G. Inulin supplementation during gestation mitigates acrylamide-induced maternal and fetal brain oxidative dysfunctions and neurotoxicity in rats. Neurotoxicol Teratol 2015; 49:49-58. [PMID: 25801384 DOI: 10.1016/j.ntt.2015.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2014] [Revised: 03/05/2015] [Accepted: 03/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that the developing brain is more susceptible to a variety of chemicals. Recent studies have shown a link between the enteric microbiota and brain function. While supplementation of non-digestible oligosaccharides during pregnancy has been demonstrated to positively influence human health mediated through stimulation of beneficial microbiota, our understanding on their neuromodulatory propensity is limited. In the present study, our primary focus was to examine whether supplementation of inulin (a well known fructan) during gestation can abrogate acrylamide (ACR)-induced oxidative impairments and neurotoxicity in maternal and fetal brain of rats. Initially, in a dose-determinative study, we recapitulated the impact of ACR exposure during gestation days (GD 6-19) on gestational parameters, extent of oxidative impairments in brain (maternal/fetal), cholinergic function and neurotoxicity. Subsequently, pregnant rats orally (gavage) administered with inulin (IN, 2 g/kg/day in two equal installments) supplements during gestation days (GD 0-19) were exposed to ACR (200 ppm) in drinking water. IN supplements significantly attenuated ACR-induced changes in exploratory activity (reduced open field exploration) measured on GD 14. Further, IN restored the placental weights among ACR exposed dams. Analysis of biochemical markers revealed that IN supplements effectively offset ACR associated oxidative stress not only in the maternal brain, but in the fetal brain as well. Elevated levels of protein carbonyls in maternal brain regions were completely normalized with IN supplements. More importantly, IN supplements significantly augmented the number of Bifidobacteria in the cecum of ACR rats which correlated well with the neurorestorative effect as evidenced by restored dopamine levels in the maternal cortex and fetal brain acetylcholinesterase activity among ACR-exposed dams. Further, IN supplements also conferred significant protection against mitochondrial dysfunction induced by ACR in both milieus. Although the precise mechanism/s by which IN supplements during pregnancy attenuate ACR induced neurotoxic impact merits further investigations, we hypothesize that it may mediate through enhanced enteric microbiota and abrogation of oxidative stress. Further, our study provides an experimental approach to explore the neuroprotective role of prebiotic oligosaccharides during pregnancy in reducing the adverse impact of developmental neurotoxicants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gokul Krishna
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute (CFTRI), Mysore 570020, Karnataka, India
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Zamora R, Hidalgo FJ. 2-Amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP) formation and fate: an example of the coordinate contribution of lipid oxidation and Maillard reaction to the production and elimination of processing-related food toxicants. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra15371e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Major chemical reactions dealing with carbonyl chemistry in foods (Maillard reaction and lipid oxidation) play a role in PhIP formation and fate, pointing to this and analogous heterocyclic aromatic amines as outcomes of this chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosario Zamora
- Instituto de la Grasa
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas
- 41013 Seville
- Spain
| | - Francisco J. Hidalgo
- Instituto de la Grasa
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas
- 41013 Seville
- Spain
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