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Rahn AK, Eßer E, Reher S, Ihlow F, MacColl AD, Bakker TC. Distribution of common stickleback parasites on North Uist, Scotland, in relation to ecology and host traits. ZOOLOGY 2016; 119:395-402. [DOI: 10.1016/j.zool.2016.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2015] [Revised: 02/08/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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52
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Rahn AK, Krassmann J, Tsobanidis K, MacColl ADC, Bakker TCM. Strong neutral genetic differentiation in a host, but not in its parasite. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2016; 44:261-271. [PMID: 27421211 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2016.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Revised: 07/08/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The genetic diversity and population structure of a parasite with a complex life cycle generally depends on the dispersal by its most motile host. Given that high gene flow is assumed to hinder local adaptation, this can impose significant constraints on a parasite's potential to adapt to local environmental conditions, intermediate host populations, and ultimately to host-parasite coevolution. Here, we aimed to examine the population genetic basis for local host-parasite interactions between the eye fluke Diplostomum lineage 6, a digenean trematode with a multi-host life cycle (including a snail, a fish, and a bird) and its second intermediate host, the three-spined stickleback Gasterosteus aculeatus L. We developed the first microsatellite primers for D. lineage 6 and used them together with published stickleback markers to analyse host and parasite population structures in 19 freshwater lakes, which differ in their local environmental characteristics regarding water chemistry and Diplostomum abundance. Our analyses suggest that one parasite population successfully infects a range of genetically differentiated stickleback populations. The lack of neutral genetic differentiation in D. lineage 6, which could be attributed to the motility of the parasite's definitive host as well as its life cycle characteristics, makes local host-parasite co-adaptations seem more likely on a larger geographical scale than among the lakes of our study site. Our study provides a suitable background for future studies in this system and the first microsatellite primers for a widespread fish parasite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna K Rahn
- Institute for Evolutionary Biology and Ecology, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany.
| | - Johannes Krassmann
- Institute for Evolutionary Biology and Ecology, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Kostas Tsobanidis
- Institute for Evolutionary Biology and Ecology, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Andrew D C MacColl
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Theo C M Bakker
- Institute for Evolutionary Biology and Ecology, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany
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53
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Poulin R. Greater diversification of freshwater than marine parasites of fish. Int J Parasitol 2016; 46:275-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2015.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Revised: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Trematode diversity in freshwater fishes of the Globe I: ‘Old World’. Syst Parasitol 2016; 93:257-69. [DOI: 10.1007/s11230-016-9630-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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55
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Biodiversity of trematodes in their intermediate mollusc and fish hosts in the freshwater ecosystems of Europe. Syst Parasitol 2016; 93:283-93. [DOI: 10.1007/s11230-016-9627-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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56
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Blasco-Costa I, Cutmore SC, Miller TL, Nolan MJ. Molecular approaches to trematode systematics: ‘best practice’ and implications for future study. Syst Parasitol 2016; 93:295-306. [DOI: 10.1007/s11230-016-9631-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2015] [Accepted: 01/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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57
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Rosser TG, Alberson NR, Khoo LH, Woodyard ET, Pote LM, Griffin MJ. Characterization of the Life Cycle of a Fish Eye Fluke, Austrodiplostomum ostrowskiae (Digenea: Diplostomidae), with Notes on Two Other Diplostomids Infecting Biomphalaria havanensis (Mollusca: Planorbidae) from Catfish Aquaculture Ponds in Mississippi, USA. J Parasitol 2016; 102:260-74. [PMID: 26741049 DOI: 10.1645/15-850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Ocular diplostomiasis is caused by trematode species in the family Diplostomidae, specifically those in the genera Austrodiplostomum, Diplostomum, and Tylodelphys. Diplostomid trematodes are globally distributed parasites of fish. Heavy infections of diplostomids that parasitize the eyes of fish can result in acute mortality while chronic infections are often characterized by impaired vision or blindness. In the southeastern United States, commercial catfish production is threatened by piscivorous birds and the many trematode species that parasitize them. The life cycles typically involve a piscivorous avian definitive host, a mollusk first intermediate host, and a fish second intermediate host. A survey of parasites infecting the snail host Biomphalaria havanensis (= B. obstructa ) in catfish production ponds was undertaken. Snails were collected from 2 separate ponds during the summer of 2014 and observed for the release of trematode cercariae. A total of 1,740 snails were collected. Three distinct longifurcate pharyngeate cercariae were observed and these cercariae were characterized morphologically and molecularly. Sequencing of ∼4,200 base pairs (bp) of the nuclear ribosomal genes and ∼450 bp of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase gene revealed 3 genetically distinct species. One morphotype shared 99-100% sequence identity with metacercariae from the aqueous and vitreous humors of gizzard shad Dorosoma cepedianum and channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus as well as an adult trematode, Austrodiplostomum ostrowskiae, a parasite of the double-crested cormorant Nannopterum auritus. The remaining 2 cercariae morphotypes shared 99-100% sequence identity with an unidentified Tylodelphys sp. and Austrodiplostomum sp. metacercaria from the brain and eyes of several freshwater fish. Herein we molecularly link the cercaria, metacercaria, and adult stage of the life cycle of A. ostrowskiae, identifying the snail host for this parasite, in addition to providing notes on 2 cercariae representing 2 other diplostomids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas G Rosser
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi 39762
| | - Neely R Alberson
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi 39762
| | - Lester H Khoo
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi 39762
| | - Ethan T Woodyard
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi 39762
| | - Linda M Pote
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi 39762
| | - Matt J Griffin
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi 39762
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An integrative taxonomic study reveals a new species of Tylodelphys Diesing, 1950 (Digenea: Diplostomidae) in central and northern Mexico. J Helminthol 2015; 90:668-679. [PMID: 26508032 DOI: 10.1017/s0022149x15000917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Tylodelphys aztecae n. sp. (Digenea: Diplostomidae) is described from adult specimens obtained from the intestine of the pied-billed grebe (Podilymbus podiceps) and the metacercariae found in the body cavity of freshwater fishes of the families Goodeidae and Cyprinidae in eight localities across central and northern Mexico. The new species is mainly distinguished from the other four described species of Tylodelphys from the Americas (T. adulta, T. americana, T. elongata and T. brevis) by having a forebody slightly concave, a larger ventral sucker, two larger pseudosuckers and by having between 2 and 7 eggs in the uterus. Partial DNA sequences of the mitochondrial gene cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (cox1), and the internal transcribed spacers (ITS1+5.8S+ ITS2) of the ribosomal DNA, were generated for both developmental stages and compared with available sequences in GenBank of other congeners. The genetic divergence estimated among Tylodelphys aztecae n. sp. and other congeneric species varied from 12 to 15% for cox1, and from 3 to 11% for ITS. In contrast, the genetic divergence among metacercariae and adults of the new species was very low, ranging between 0 and 1% for cox1 and between 0 and 0.3% for ITS. Phylogenetic analyses inferred with both molecular markers using maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference placed the adults and their metacercariae in a single clade, confirming that both stages are conspecific. The morphological evidence and the genetic divergence, in combination with the reciprocal monophyly in both phylogenetic trees, support the hypothesis that the diplostomids found in the intestines of the pied-billed grebe bird and the body cavity from goodeid and cyprinid fishes in central and northern Mexico represent a new species.
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Locke SA, Al-Nasiri FS, Caffara M, Drago F, Kalbe M, Lapierre AR, McLaughlin JD, Nie P, Overstreet RM, Souza GTR, Takemoto RM, Marcogliese DJ. Diversity, specificity and speciation in larval Diplostomidae (Platyhelminthes: Digenea) in the eyes of freshwater fish, as revealed by DNA barcodes. Int J Parasitol 2015; 45:841-55. [PMID: 26276524 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2015.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2015] [Revised: 06/23/2015] [Accepted: 07/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Larvae (metacercariae) in some species of Diplostomidae (Platyhelminthes: Digenea) inhabit fish eyes and are difficult to identify to species based on morphology. DNA barcoding has clarified the diversity and life cycles of diplostomids in North America, Europe and Africa, but has seldom been used in parasites sampled in large numbers or at large spatial scales. Here, distance-based analysis of cytochrome c oxidase 1 barcodes and, in some specimens, internal transcribed spacer (ITS-1, 5.8S, ITS-2) sequences was performed for over 2000 diplostomids from Africa, the Middle East, Europe, Asia and the Americas. Fifty-two species of Diplostomum, Tylodelphys and Austrodiplostomum (Digenea: Diplostomidae) were distinguished. The 52 species comprise 12 identified species, six species in two species complexes and 34 putative species, and 33/52 had been delineated in previous studies. Most (23/40) of the unidentified, putative species distinguished by cytochrome c oxidase 1 distances were supported by at least one additional line of evidence. As the intensity of sampling of the 52 species increased, variation in cytochrome c oxidase 1 decreased between and increased within species, while the spatial scale at which species were sampled had no effect. Nonetheless, variation between species always exceeded variation within species. New life-cycle linkages, geographic and host records, and genetic data were recorded in several species, including Tylodelphys jenynsiae, Tylodelphys immer and Diplostomum ardeae. Species of Diplostomum inhabiting the lens are less host-specific and less numerous than those infecting other tissues, suggesting that reduced immune activity in the lens has influenced rates of speciation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean A Locke
- Department of Biology, University of Puerto Rico at Mayagüez, Box 9000, Mayagüez, 00681-9000, Puerto Rico; Aquatic Biodiversity Section, Watershed Hydrology and Ecology Research Division, Water Science and Technology Directorate, Science and Technology Branch, St. Lawrence Centre, Environment Canada, 105 McGill, 7th floor, Montreal, Quebec H2Y 2E7, Canada.
| | - Fatima S Al-Nasiri
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Tikreet, Tikreet, Iraq
| | - Monica Caffara
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064 Ozzano Emilia (BO), Italy
| | - Fabiana Drago
- Museo de La Plata, División Zoología Invertebrados, Paseo del Bosque S/N° (1900), La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Martin Kalbe
- Department of Evolutionary Ecology, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, August-Thienemann-Strasse 2, 24302 Plön, Germany
| | - Angela Rose Lapierre
- Biology Department, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H4B 1R6, Canada
| | - J Daniel McLaughlin
- Biology Department, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H4B 1R6, Canada
| | - Pin Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430072, People's Republic of China
| | - Robin M Overstreet
- University of Southern Mississippi, Gulf Coast Research Laboratory, 703 East Beach Drive, Ocean Springs, MS 39564, USA
| | - Geza T R Souza
- Post-Doctor National Program Scholarship/CAPES, Post-Graduate Program in Health and Environment, Tiradentes University, Murilo Dantas Avenue, 300, Farolândia, Aracaju, Sergipe 49032-490, Brazil; State University of Maringá, Center of Biological Sciences, Nupelia - Icthyoparasitology Laboratory, Av Colombo, No. 5790, Block G90, room 11, villa 7, 87020-900 Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - Ricardo M Takemoto
- State University of Maringá, Center of Biological Sciences, Nupelia - Icthyoparasitology Laboratory, Av Colombo, No. 5790, Block G90, room 11, villa 7, 87020-900 Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - David J Marcogliese
- Aquatic Biodiversity Section, Watershed Hydrology and Ecology Research Division, Water Science and Technology Directorate, Science and Technology Branch, St. Lawrence Centre, Environment Canada, 105 McGill, 7th floor, Montreal, Quebec H2Y 2E7, Canada
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60
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Moravec F, Scholz T. Macroparasites and their communities of the European eel Anguilla anguilla (Linnaeus) in the Czech Republic. Folia Parasitol (Praha) 2015; 62. [PMID: 26130652 DOI: 10.14411/fp.2015.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Accepted: 03/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
This paper summarises the results of parasitological examinations of the European eel Anguilla anguilla (Linnaeus) in the Czech Republic, carried out at the Institute of Parasitology, Czech Academy of Sciences (previously the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences) within the period of 50 years (1958-2008). Even though this survey is limited to the Czech Republic, it provides extensive data probably incomparable with any other study anywhere regarding the number of eels examined and parasites found. A total of 723 eels was examined from 42 localities that belong to all of the three main river drainage systems in the country, i.e. the Elbe, Danube and Oder river basins. Of the 31 species of adult and larval macroparasites including Monogenea (4 species), Trematoda (3), Cestoda (3), Nematoda (11), Acanthocephala (5), Hirudinea (1), Bivalvia (1), Copepoda (1), Branchiura (1) and Acariformes (1), most of them (30) were recorded from the Elbe River basin. These parasites can be divided into three main groups regarding their host specificity: parasites specific for eels (26%), non-specific adult parasites occurring also in other fishes (61%) and non-specific larvae (13%). The highest number (19) of parasite species was recorded in the Mácha Lake fishpond system in northern Bohemia. The parasite communities in eels from the individual localities exhibited large differences in their species composition and diversity depending on local ecological conditions. The parasite fauna of A. anguilla in the Czech Republic is compared with that in other European countries. The nematode Cucullanus egyptae Abdel-Ghaffar, Bashtar, Abdel-Gaber, Morsy, Mehlhorn, Al Quraishy et Mohammed, 2014 is designated as a species inquirenda.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frantisek Moravec
- Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Tomas Scholz
- Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
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61
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Brabec J, Kostadinova A, Scholz T, Littlewood DTJ. Complete mitochondrial genomes and nuclear ribosomal RNA operons of two species of Diplostomum (Platyhelminthes: Trematoda): a molecular resource for taxonomy and molecular epidemiology of important fish pathogens. Parasit Vectors 2015; 8:336. [PMID: 26084797 PMCID: PMC4477422 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-015-0949-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2015] [Accepted: 06/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The genus Diplostomum (Platyhelminthes: Trematoda: Diplostomidae) is a diverse group of freshwater parasites with complex life-cycles and global distribution. The larval stages are important pathogens causing eye fluke disease implicated in substantial impacts on natural fish populations and losses in aquaculture. However, the problematic species delimitation and difficulties in the identification of larval stages hamper the assessment of the distributional and host ranges of Diplostomum spp. and their transmission ecology. METHODS Total genomic DNA was isolated from adult worms and shotgun sequenced using Illumina MiSeq technology. Mitochondrial (mt) genomes and nuclear ribosomal RNA (rRNA) operons were assembled using established bioinformatic tools and fully annotated. Mt protein-coding genes and nuclear rRNA genes were subjected to phylogenetic analysis by maximum likelihood and the resulting topologies compared. RESULTS We characterised novel complete mt genomes and nuclear rRNA operons of two closely related species, Diplostomum spathaceum and D. pseudospathaceum. Comparative mt genome assessment revealed that the cox1 gene and its 'barcode' region used for molecular identification are the most conserved regions; instead, nad4 and nad5 genes were identified as most promising molecular diagnostic markers. Using the novel data, we provide the first genome wide estimation of the phylogenetic relationships of the order Diplostomida, one of the two fundamental lineages of the Digenea. Analyses of the mitogenomic data invariably recovered the Diplostomidae as a sister lineage of the order Plagiorchiida rather than as a basal lineage of the Diplostomida as inferred in rDNA phylogenies; this was concordant with the mt gene order of Diplostomum spp. exhibiting closer match to the conserved gene order of the Plagiorchiida. CONCLUSIONS Complete sequences of the mt genome and rRNA operon of two species of Diplostomum provide a valuable resource for novel genetic markers for species delineation and large-scale molecular epidemiology and disease ecology studies based on the most accessible life-cycle stages of eye flukes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Brabec
- Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences and Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 31, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
| | - Aneta Kostadinova
- Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences and Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 31, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
| | - Tomáš Scholz
- Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences and Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 31, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
| | - D Timothy J Littlewood
- Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, SW7 5BD, UK.
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Selbach C, Soldánová M, Georgieva S, Kostadinova A, Sures B. Integrative taxonomic approach to the cryptic diversity of Diplostomum spp. in lymnaeid snails from Europe with a focus on the 'Diplostomum mergi' species complex. Parasit Vectors 2015; 8:300. [PMID: 26036245 PMCID: PMC4476078 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-015-0904-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2015] [Accepted: 05/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recent molecular studies have discovered substantial unrecognised diversity within the genus Diplostomum in fish populations in Europe and North America including three species complexes. However, data from the first intermediate host populations are virtually lacking. This study addresses the application of an integrative taxonomic approach to the cryptic species diversity of Diplostomum spp. in natural lymnaeid snail populations in Europe with a focus on the ‘D. mergi’ species complex. Methods Totals of 1,909 Radix auricularia, 349 Radix peregra, 668 Stagnicola palustris and 245 Lymnaea stagnalis were sampled at five reservoirs of the Ruhr river system in Germany and screened for infections with Diplostomum spp. Cercariae were examined and identified alive, fixed and under scanning electron microscopy. Sequences from the barcode region of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) mitochondrial gene and from the internal transcribed spacer cluster (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2) of the rRNA gene were amplified for 51 and 13 isolates, respectively. Results Detailed morphological and molecular analyses provided evidence for three named species (Diplostomum spathaceum, D. pseudospathaceum and D. parviventosum), and a further four species-level lineages (‘D. mergi Lineages 2–4’ and ‘Diplostomum sp. Clade Q’ in the lymnaeid snail populations from the Ruhr river basin. The paper provides the first descriptions of molecularly identified cercariae of D. spathaceum and of the cercariae of D. parviventosum, three lineages of the ‘D. mergi’ species complex and of ‘Diplostomum sp. Clade Q’. Conclusion The integration of molecular and morphological evidence for Diplostomum spp. achieved in this study will serve as a baseline for species identification of these important parasites of snail and fish populations and thus advance further studies on the distribution of Diplostomum spp. in Europe. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13071-015-0904-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Selbach
- Department of Aquatic Ecology and Centre for Water and Environmental Research (ZWU), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstraße 5, D-45141, Essen, Germany.
| | - Miroslava Soldánová
- Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Branišovská 31, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
| | - Simona Georgieva
- Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Branišovská 31, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
| | - Aneta Kostadinova
- Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Branišovská 31, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
| | - Bernd Sures
- Department of Aquatic Ecology and Centre for Water and Environmental Research (ZWU), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstraße 5, D-45141, Essen, Germany. .,Department of Zoology, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park 2006, PO Box 524, Johannesburg, South Africa.
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An integrative taxonomic investigation of the diversity of digenean parasites infecting the intertidal snail Austrolittorina unifasciata Gray, 1826 (Gastropoda: Littorinidae) in Australia. Parasitol Res 2015; 114:2381-97. [DOI: 10.1007/s00436-015-4436-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/13/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Molecular and morphological characterization of Austrodiplostomum ostrowskiae Dronen, 2009 (Digenea: Diplostomatidae), a parasite of cormorants in the Americas. J Helminthol 2015; 90:174-85. [PMID: 25735970 DOI: 10.1017/s0022149x1500005x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The diplostomid genus Austrodiplostomum currently contains two species, i.e. A. mordax and A. ostrowskiae. Adults of these species inhabit the intestine of cormorants of the genus Nannopterum, whereas larval forms (metacercariae) are found in the eyes (vitreous humor) of freshwater fishes. Records of both species have been established across a wide geographic range in the Americas. Diplostomid adults and metacercariae were collected from a wide geographical range that spans from south-eastern Mexico, southwards to Central and South America. Even though the diplostomid has been largely reported in Mexico as Diplostomum (Austrodiplostomum) compactum, our specimens were identified morphologically as A. ostrowskiae. Sequences of the mitochondrial gene cytochrome c oxidase (cox 1) were obtained for 86 individuals, including 15 adults recovered from the intestine of Nannopterum brasilianus, in five localities, and 71 metacercariae from the eyes of ten fish species, in 13 localities. Sequences were used to evaluate the genetic diversity, and to test conspecificity of these specimens with the available sequence of A. ostrowskiae. Sequences were aligned with another 12 taxa representing five genera of Diplostomatidae, forming a dataset of 104 taxa with 478 nucleotides. The genetic divergence estimated among the 86 sequenced individuals, and that of A. ostrowskiae from the double-crested cormorant, Nannopterum auritus, in the USA, was very low, ranging from 0 to 0.8%. The maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian consensus trees showed that all sequences nested within a monophyletic lineage, with strong bootstrap and Bayesian posterior probability support values (100/1.0). In conclusion, a link between the metacercariae in fish and the adults in cormorants was established, indicating also that a single species is found in the distribution range comprising southern USA, southwards to Venezuela. Previous records of this species, particularly from Mexico, need to be corrected.
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Kuhn JA, Kristoffersen R, Knudsen R, Jakobsen J, Marcogliese DJ, Locke SA, Primicerio R, Amundsen PA. Parasite communities of two three-spined stickleback populations in subarctic Norway—effects of a small spatial-scale host introduction. Parasitol Res 2015; 114:1327-39. [DOI: 10.1007/s00436-015-4309-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2014] [Accepted: 01/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Locke SA, Caffara M, Marcogliese DJ, Fioravanti ML. A large-scale molecular survey ofClinostomum(Digenea, Clinostomidae). ZOOL SCR 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/zsc.12096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sean A. Locke
- Biodiversity Institute of Ontario; University of Guelph; 50 Stone Road East Guelph ON N1G 2W1 Canada
| | - Monica Caffara
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences; Alma Mater Studiorum; University of Bologna; Via Tolara di Sopra 50 Ozzano Emilia 40064 Italy
| | - David J. Marcogliese
- Aquatic Biodiversity Section; Watershed Hydrology and Ecology Research Division; Water Science and Technology Directorate; St. Lawrence Centre; Environment Canada; 105 McGill Street, 7th floor Montréal QC H2Y 2E7 Canada
| | - Maria L. Fioravanti
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences; Alma Mater Studiorum; University of Bologna; Via Tolara di Sopra 50 Ozzano Emilia 40064 Italy
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Pérez-del-Olmo A, Georgieva S, Pula HJ, Kostadinova A. Molecular and morphological evidence for three species of Diplostomum (Digenea: Diplostomidae), parasites of fishes and fish-eating birds in Spain. Parasit Vectors 2014; 7:502. [PMID: 25388753 PMCID: PMC4242471 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-014-0502-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2014] [Accepted: 10/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent molecular studies have revealed high species diversity of Diplostomum in central and northern Europe. However, our knowledge of the distribution of Diplostomum spp. in the southern distributional range in Europe of the snail intermediate hosts (Lymnaea stagnalis and Radix spp.) is rather limited. This study aims to fill this gap in our knowledge using molecular and morphological evidence. METHODS Nineteen fish species and six fish-eating bird species were sampled opportunistically in three regions (Catalonia, Extremadura and Aragon) in Spain. All isolates of Diplostomum spp. were characterised morphologically and molecularly. Partial sequences of the barcode region of the cox1 mitochondrial gene and complete sequences of the ribosomal ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 gene cluster were used for molecular identification of the isolates. RESULTS Integrated morphological and molecular analyses demonstrated the presence of three species among the larval and adult isolates of Diplostomum spp. sampled in Spain: Diplostomum spathaceum (in fish and birds), D. pseudospathaceum (in birds) and Diplostomum sp. (in fish) referred to as Clade Q sensu Georgieva et al. (Int J Parasitol, 43:57-72, 2013). We detected ten cox1 haplotypes among the isolates of D. spathaceum with only one haplotype shared with adult isolates from central and northern Europe. No specific geographic pattern of the distribution of the novel haplotypes was found. CONCLUSION This first molecular exploration of the diversity of Diplostomum spp. in southern Europe indicates much lower species richness compared with the northern regions of Europe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Pérez-del-Olmo
- Unidad de Zoología Marina, Institut Cavanilles de Biodiversitat i Biologia Evolutiva, Parc Científic, Universitat de València, PO Box 22085, Valencia, 46071, Spain.
| | - Simona Georgieva
- Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Branišovská 31, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic. .,Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 31, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
| | - Héctor J Pula
- Piscifactoría Vegas del Guadiana, Gobierno de Extremadura, Antigua Ctra. N-V, km. 391, 7 s/n, C.P. 06195, Villafranco del Guadiana, Badajoz, Spain.
| | - Aneta Kostadinova
- Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Branišovská 31, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
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Faltýnková A, Georgieva S, Kostadinova A, Blasco-Costa I, Scholz T, Skírnisson K. Diplostomum von Nordmann, 1832 (Digenea: Diplostomidae) in the sub-Arctic: descriptions of the larval stages of six species discovered recently in Iceland. Syst Parasitol 2014; 89:195-213. [DOI: 10.1007/s11230-014-9517-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2014] [Accepted: 08/06/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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