51
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Pati PB, Zhang L, Philippe B, Fernández‐Terán R, Ahmadi S, Tian L, Rensmo H, Hammarström L, Tian H. Insights into the Mechanism of a Covalently Linked Organic Dye-Cobaloxime Catalyst System for Dye-Sensitized Solar Fuel Devices. CHEMSUSCHEM 2017; 10:2480-2495. [PMID: 28338295 PMCID: PMC5488223 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201700285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Revised: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
A covalently linked organic dye-cobaloxime catalyst system based on mesoporous NiO is synthesized by a facile click reaction for mechanistic studies and application in a dye-sensitized solar fuel device. The system is systematically investigated by photoelectrochemical measurements, density functional theory, time-resolved fluorescence, transient absorption spectroscopy, and photoelectron spectroscopy. The results show that irradiation of the dye-catalyst on NiO leads to ultrafast hole injection into NiO from the excited dye, followed by a fast electron transfer process to reduce the catalyst. Moreover, the dye adopts different structures with different excited state energies, and excitation energy transfer occurs between neighboring molecules on the semiconductor surface. The photoelectrochemical experiments also show hydrogen production by this system. The axial chloride ligands of the catalyst are released during photocatalysis to create the active sites for proton reduction. A working mechanism of the dye-catalyst system on the photocathode is proposed on the basis of this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Palas Baran Pati
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström LaboratoryUppsala UniversityBox 523SE 751 20UppsalaSweden
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström LaboratoryUppsala UniversityBox 523SE 751 20UppsalaSweden
| | - Bertrand Philippe
- Department of Physics and AstronomyUppsala UniversityBox 516SE 751 20UppsalaSweden
| | | | - Sareh Ahmadi
- Department of Physics and AstronomyUppsala UniversityBox 516SE 751 20UppsalaSweden
| | - Lei Tian
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström LaboratoryUppsala UniversityBox 523SE 751 20UppsalaSweden
| | - Håkan Rensmo
- Department of Physics and AstronomyUppsala UniversityBox 516SE 751 20UppsalaSweden
| | - Leif Hammarström
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström LaboratoryUppsala UniversityBox 523SE 751 20UppsalaSweden
| | - Haining Tian
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström LaboratoryUppsala UniversityBox 523SE 751 20UppsalaSweden
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52
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Kuehnel MF, Orchard KL, Dalle KE, Reisner E. Selective Photocatalytic CO2 Reduction in Water through Anchoring of a Molecular Ni Catalyst on CdS Nanocrystals. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:7217-7223. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b00369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 353] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Moritz F. Kuehnel
- Christian Doppler Laboratory
for Sustainable SynGas Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Katherine L. Orchard
- Christian Doppler Laboratory
for Sustainable SynGas Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Kristian E. Dalle
- Christian Doppler Laboratory
for Sustainable SynGas Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Erwin Reisner
- Christian Doppler Laboratory
for Sustainable SynGas Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
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53
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Queyriaux N, Wahyuono RA, Fize J, Gablin C, Wächtler M, Martinez E, Léonard D, Dietzek B, Artero V, Chavarot-Kerlidou M. Aqueous Photocurrent Measurements Correlated to Ultrafast Electron Transfer Dynamics at Ruthenium Tris Diimine-Sensitized NiO Photocathodes. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2017; 121:5891-5904. [PMID: 28676835 PMCID: PMC5493983 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.6b12536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the structural and electronic factors governing the efficiency of dye-sensitized NiO photocathodes is essential to optimize solar fuel production in photoelectrochemical cells (PECs). For these purpose, three different ruthenium dyes, bearing either two or four methylphosphonate anchoring groups and either a bipyridine or a dipyridophenazine ancillary ligand, were synthesized and grafted onto NiO films. These photoelectrodes were fully characterized by XPS, ToF-SIMS, UV-vis absorption, time-resolved emission and femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopies. Increasing the number of anchoring groups from two to four proved beneficial for the grafting efficiency. No significant modification of the electronic properties compared to the parent photosensitizer was observed, in accordance with the non-conjugated nature of the grafted linker. The photoelectrochemical activity of the dye-sensitized NiO electrodes was assessed in fully aqueous medium in the presence of an irreversible electron acceptor and photocurrents reaching 190 μA.cm-2 were recorded. The transient absorption study revealed the presence of two charge recombination pathways for each of the sensitizers and evidenced a stabilized charge separated state in the dppz derivative, supporting its superior photoelectrochemical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Queyriaux
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux, UMR 5249 University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, 17 rue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Ruri A. Wahyuono
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT) Jena e. V., Albert-Einstein-Strasse 9, Jena 07745, Germany
- Institute for Physical Chemistry and Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, Jena 07743, Germany
| | - Jennifer Fize
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux, UMR 5249 University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, 17 rue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Corinne Gablin
- Institut des Sciences Analytiques, UMR 5280 (Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 /CNRS / ENS de Lyon), 5 rue de la Doua, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Maria Wächtler
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT) Jena e. V., Albert-Einstein-Strasse 9, Jena 07745, Germany
- Institute for Physical Chemistry and Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, Jena 07743, Germany
| | - Eugénie Martinez
- CEA, Leti, MINATEC Campus, 17 rue des Martyrs, 38054 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Didier Léonard
- Institut des Sciences Analytiques, UMR 5280 (Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 /CNRS / ENS de Lyon), 5 rue de la Doua, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Benjamin Dietzek
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT) Jena e. V., Albert-Einstein-Strasse 9, Jena 07745, Germany
- Institute for Physical Chemistry and Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, Jena 07743, Germany
| | - Vincent Artero
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux, UMR 5249 University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, 17 rue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Murielle Chavarot-Kerlidou
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux, UMR 5249 University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, 17 rue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
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54
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TiO2 complexed with dopamine-derived polymers and the visible light photocatalytic activities for water pollutants. J Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2016.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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55
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Chen L, Gu Q, Hou L, Zhang C, Lu Y, Wang X, Long J. Molecular p–n heterojunction-enhanced visible-light hydrogen evolution over a N-doped TiO2photocatalyst. Catal Sci Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cy00495h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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56
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Cope JD, Liyanage NP, Kelley PJ, Denny JA, Valente EJ, Webster CE, Delcamp JH, Hollis TK. Electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 with CCC-NHC pincer nickel complexes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:9442-9445. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc06537f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
CCC-NHC pincer Ni complexes electrocatalytically reduce CO2 to CO and formate at the first reduction potential without producing or requiring molecular H2.
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Affiliation(s)
- James D. Cope
- Department of Chemistry and the Center for Computational Sciences
- Mississippi State University
- Mississippi State
- USA
| | - Nalaka P. Liyanage
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- The University of Mississippi
- University
- USA
| | - Paul J. Kelley
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- The University of Mississippi
- University
- USA
| | - Jason A. Denny
- Department of Chemistry and the Center for Computational Sciences
- Mississippi State University
- Mississippi State
- USA
| | - Edward J. Valente
- University of Portland Diffraction Facility
- 112A Swindells Hall
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Portland
- Portland
| | - Charles Edwin Webster
- Department of Chemistry and the Center for Computational Sciences
- Mississippi State University
- Mississippi State
- USA
| | - Jared H. Delcamp
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- The University of Mississippi
- University
- USA
| | - T. Keith Hollis
- Department of Chemistry and the Center for Computational Sciences
- Mississippi State University
- Mississippi State
- USA
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57
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Tamaki Y, Ishitani O. Supramolecular photocatalysts constructed with a photosensitizer unit with two tridentate ligands for CO2 reduction. Faraday Discuss 2017; 198:319-335. [DOI: 10.1039/c6fd00220j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
New supramolecular photocatalysts comprising an asymmetric bis-tridentate Ru(ii) complex that functions as a photosensitizer and a Ru(ii) carbonyl complex as the catalyst were designed. The complexes photocatalyzed the reduction of CO2 to CO or formic acid with high selectivity. The product distribution depended on the catalyst unit. CO and formic acid were the main products when using [Ru(BL)(Clbpy)(CO)]2+ (BL = bridging ligand, Clbpy = 4,4′-dichloro-2,2′-bipyridine) and Ru(BL)(CO)2Cl2 catalysts, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Tamaki
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Science
- Tokyo Institute of Technology
- Meguro-ku
- Japan
| | - Osamu Ishitani
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Science
- Tokyo Institute of Technology
- Meguro-ku
- Japan
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58
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Li X, Yu J, Wageh S, Al-Ghamdi AA, Xie J. Graphene in Photocatalysis: A Review. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2016; 12:6640-6696. [PMID: 27805773 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201600382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 324] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Revised: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, heterogeneous photocatalysis has received much research interest because of its powerful potential applications in tackling many important energy and environmental challenges at a global level in an economically sustainable manner. Due to their unique optical, electrical, and physicochemical properties, various 2D graphene nanosheets-supported semiconductor composite photocatalysts have been widely constructed and applied in different photocatalytic fields. In this review, fundamental mechanisms of heterogeneous photocatalysis, including thermodynamic and kinetics requirements, are first systematically summarized. Then, the photocatalysis-related properties of graphene and its derivatives, and design rules and synthesis methods of graphene-based composites are highlighted. Importantly, different design strategies, including doping and sensitization of semiconductors by graphene, improving electrical conductivity of graphene, increasing eloectrocatalytic active sites on graphene, strengthening interface coupling between semiconductors and graphene, fabricating micro/nano architectures, constructing multi-junction nanocomposites, enhancing photostability of semiconductors, and utilizing the synergistic effect of various modification strategies, are thoroughly summarized. The important applications including photocatalytic pollutant degradation, H2 production, and CO2 reduction are also addressed. Through reviewing the significant advances on this topic, it may provide new opportunities for designing highly efficient 2D graphene-based photocatalysts for various applications in photocatalysis and other fields, such as solar cells, thermal catalysis, separation, and purification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Energy Plants Resource and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of New Energy and New Materials, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, P. R. China
| | - Jiaguo Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Material Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - S Wageh
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed A Al-Ghamdi
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jun Xie
- Key Laboratory of Energy Plants Resource and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of New Energy and New Materials, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, P. R. China
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59
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Ohkubo K, Yamazaki Y, Nakashima T, Tamaki Y, Koike K, Ishitani O. Photocatalyses of Ru(II)–Re(I) binuclear complexes connected through two ethylene chains for CO2 reduction. J Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2015.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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60
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Liu X, Inagaki S, Gong J. Heterogene molekulare Systeme für eine photokatalytische CO2-Reduktion mit Wasseroxidation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201600395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Liu
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Tianjin University; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering; Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Shinji Inagaki
- Toyota Central R&D Laboratories, Inc.; Nagakute Aichi 480-1192 Japan
| | - Jinlong Gong
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Tianjin University; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering; Tianjin 300072 China
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61
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Liu X, Inagaki S, Gong J. Heterogeneous Molecular Systems for Photocatalytic CO2Reduction with Water Oxidation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:14924-14950. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201600395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 248] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Liu
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Tianjin University; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering; Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Shinji Inagaki
- Toyota Central R&D Laboratories, Inc.; Nagakute Aichi 480-1192 Japan
| | - Jinlong Gong
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Tianjin University; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering; Tianjin 300072 China
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62
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Yamazaki Y, Umemoto A, Ishitani O. Photochemical Hydrogenation of π-Conjugated Bridging Ligands in Photofunctional Multinuclear Complexes. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:11110-11124. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b01736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasuomi Yamazaki
- Department
of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1, NE-1, O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8550, Japan
| | - Akinari Umemoto
- Department
of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1, NE-1, O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8550, Japan
| | - Osamu Ishitani
- Department
of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1, NE-1, O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8550, Japan
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63
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Zhang Y, Luc W, Hutchings GS, Jiao F. Photoelectrochemical Carbon Dioxide Reduction Using a Nanoporous Ag Cathode. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:24652-8. [PMID: 27588723 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b09095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Solar fuel production from abundant sources using photoelectrochemical (PEC) systems is an attractive approach to address the challenges associated with the intermittence of solar energy. In comparison to electrochemical systems, PEC cells directly utilize solar energy as the energy input, and if necessary, then an additional external bias can be applied to drive the desired reaction. In this work, a PEC cell composing of a Ni-coated Si photoanode and a nanoporous Ag cathode was developed for CO2 conversion to CO. The thin Ni layer not only protected the Si wafer from photocorrosion but also served as the oxygen evolution catalyst. At an external bias of 2.0 V, the PEC cell delivered a current density of 10 mA cm(-2) with a CO Faradaic efficiency of ∼70%. More importantly, a stable performance up to 3 h was achieved under photoelectrolysis conditions, which is among the best literature-reported performances for PEC CO2 reduction cells. The photovoltage of the PEC cell was estimated to be ∼0.4 V, which corresponded to a 17% energy saving by solar energy utilization. Postreaction structural analysis showed the corrosion of the Ni layer at the Si photoanode/catalyst interface, which caused performance degradation under prolonged operations. A stable oxygen evolution catalyst with a robust interface is crucial to the long-term stability of PEC CO2 reduction cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Center for Catalytic Science and Technology, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware , Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Wesley Luc
- Center for Catalytic Science and Technology, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware , Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Gregory S Hutchings
- Center for Catalytic Science and Technology, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware , Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Feng Jiao
- Center for Catalytic Science and Technology, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware , Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
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64
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Schreier M, Luo J, Gao P, Moehl T, Mayer MT, Grätzel M. Covalent Immobilization of a Molecular Catalyst on Cu2O Photocathodes for CO2 Reduction. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:1938-46. [PMID: 26804626 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b12157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Sunlight-driven CO2 reduction is a promising way to close the anthropogenic carbon cycle. Integrating light harvester and electrocatalyst functions into a single photoelectrode, which converts solar energy and CO2 directly into reduced carbon species, is under extensive investigation. The immobilization of rhenium-containing CO2 reduction catalysts on the surface of a protected Cu2O-based photocathode allows for the design of a photofunctional unit combining the advantages of molecular catalysts with inorganic photoabsorbers. To achieve large current densities, a nanostructured TiO2 scaffold, processed at low temperature, was deposited on the surface of protected Cu2O photocathodes. This led to a 40-fold enhancement of the catalytic photocurrent as compared to planar devices, resulting in the sunlight-driven evolution of CO at large current densities and with high selectivity. Potentiodynamic and spectroelectrochemical measurements point toward a similar mechanism for the catalyst in the bound and unbound form, whereas no significant production of CO was observed from the scaffold in the absence of a molecular catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Schreier
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne , Station 6, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jingshan Luo
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne , Station 6, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Peng Gao
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne , Station 6, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Moehl
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne , Station 6, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Matthew T Mayer
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne , Station 6, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Michael Grätzel
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne , Station 6, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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65
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Zhang L, Favereau L, Farre Y, Maufroy A, Pellegrin Y, Blart E, Hissler M, Jacquemin D, Odobel F, Hammarström L. Molecular-structure control of electron transfer dynamics of push–pull porphyrins as sensitizers for NiO based dye sensitized solar cells. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra15195g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Zn(ii)-porphyrin dyes for NiO dye-sensitized solar cells showed surprisingly rapid charge recombination, in spite of their push–pull character. Appending a secondary acceptor prolonged charge separation and led to improved photovoltaic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry – Ångström Laboratory
- Uppsala University
- Uppsala SE75120
- Sweden
| | - Ludovic Favereau
- Université LUNAM
- Université de Nantes
- CNRS
- Chimie et Interdisciplinarité: Synthèse, Analyse, Modélisation (CEISAM)
- 44322 Nantes cedex 3
| | - Yoann Farre
- Université LUNAM
- Université de Nantes
- CNRS
- Chimie et Interdisciplinarité: Synthèse, Analyse, Modélisation (CEISAM)
- 44322 Nantes cedex 3
| | - Antoine Maufroy
- Université LUNAM
- Université de Nantes
- CNRS
- Chimie et Interdisciplinarité: Synthèse, Analyse, Modélisation (CEISAM)
- 44322 Nantes cedex 3
| | - Yann Pellegrin
- Université LUNAM
- Université de Nantes
- CNRS
- Chimie et Interdisciplinarité: Synthèse, Analyse, Modélisation (CEISAM)
- 44322 Nantes cedex 3
| | - Errol Blart
- Université LUNAM
- Université de Nantes
- CNRS
- Chimie et Interdisciplinarité: Synthèse, Analyse, Modélisation (CEISAM)
- 44322 Nantes cedex 3
| | - Muriel Hissler
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes
- Rennes cedex
- France
| | - Denis Jacquemin
- Université LUNAM
- Université de Nantes
- CNRS
- Chimie et Interdisciplinarité: Synthèse, Analyse, Modélisation (CEISAM)
- 44322 Nantes cedex 3
| | - Fabrice Odobel
- Université LUNAM
- Université de Nantes
- CNRS
- Chimie et Interdisciplinarité: Synthèse, Analyse, Modélisation (CEISAM)
- 44322 Nantes cedex 3
| | - Leif Hammarström
- Department of Chemistry – Ångström Laboratory
- Uppsala University
- Uppsala SE75120
- Sweden
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66
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Xie S, Zhang Q, Liu G, Wang Y. Photocatalytic and photoelectrocatalytic reduction of CO2 using heterogeneous catalysts with controlled nanostructures. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:35-59. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc07613g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 397] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances in photocatalytic and photoelectrocatalytic reduction of CO2 with H2O using semiconductor-based catalysts have been highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunji Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials
- National Engineering Laboratory for Green Chemical Production of Alcohols, Ethers and Esters
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Xiamen University
| | - Qinghong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials
- National Engineering Laboratory for Green Chemical Production of Alcohols, Ethers and Esters
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Xiamen University
| | - Guodong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials
- National Engineering Laboratory for Green Chemical Production of Alcohols, Ethers and Esters
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Xiamen University
| | - Ye Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials
- National Engineering Laboratory for Green Chemical Production of Alcohols, Ethers and Esters
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Xiamen University
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67
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Photocatalytic reduction of CO2 using metal complexes. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY C-PHOTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochemrev.2015.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 349] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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68
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Windle CD, George MW, Perutz RN, Summers PA, Sun XZ, Whitwood AC. Comparison of rhenium-porphyrin dyads for CO 2 photoreduction: photocatalytic studies and charge separation dynamics studied by time-resolved IR spectroscopy. Chem Sci 2015; 6:6847-6864. [PMID: 29861927 PMCID: PMC5947513 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc02099a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2015] [Accepted: 08/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
We report a study of the photocatalytic reduction of CO2 to CO by zinc porphyrins covalently linked to [ReI(2,2'-bipyridine)(CO)3L]+/0 moieties with visible light of wavelength >520 nm. Dyad 1 contains an amide C6H4NHC(O) link from porphyrin to bipyridine (Bpy), Dyad 2 contains an additional methoxybenzamide within the bridge C6H4NHC(O)C6H3(OMe)NHC(O), while Dyad 3 has a saturated bridge C6H4NHC(O)CH2; each dyad is studied with either L = Br or 3-picoline. The syntheses, spectroscopic characterisation and cyclic voltammetry of Dyad 3 Br and [Dyad 3 pic]OTf are described. The photocatalytic performance of [Dyad 3 pic]OTf in DMF/triethanolamine (5 : 1) is approximately an order of magnitude better than [Dyad 1 pic]PF6 or [Dyad 2 pic]OTf in turnover frequency and turnover number, reaching a turnover number of 360. The performance of the dyads with Re-Br units is very similar to that of the dyads with [Re-pic]+ units in spite of the adverse free energy of electron transfer. The dyads undergo reactions during photocatalysis: hydrogenation of the porphyrin to form chlorin and isobacteriochlorin units is detected by visible absorption spectroscopy, while IR spectroscopy reveals replacement of the axial ligand by a triethanolaminato group and insertion of CO2 into the latter to form a carbonate. Time-resolved IR spectra of [Dyad 2 pic]OTf and [Dyad 3 pic]OTf (560 nm excitation in CH2Cl2) demonstrated electron transfer from porphyrin to Re(Bpy) units resulting in a shift of ν(CO) bands to low wavenumbers. The rise time of the charge-separated species for [Dyad 3 pic]OTf is longest at 8 (±1) ps and its lifetime is also the longest at 320 (±15) ps. The TRIR spectra of Dyad 1 Br and Dyad 2 Br are quite different showing a mixture of 3MLCT, IL and charge-separated excited states. In the case of Dyad 3 Br, the charge-separated state is absent altogether. The TRIR spectra emphasize the very different excited states of the bromide complexes and the picoline complexes. Thus, the similarity of the photocatalytic data for bromide and picoline dyads suggests that they share common intermediates. Most likely, these involve hydrogenation of the porphyrin and substitution of the axial ligand at rhenium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher D Windle
- Department of Chemistry , University of York , Heslington , York , YO10 5DD , UK .
| | - Michael W George
- School of Chemistry , University of Nottingham , Nottingham , NG7 2RD , UK .
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering , The University of Nottingham Ningbo China , Ningbo , 315100 , China
| | - Robin N Perutz
- Department of Chemistry , University of York , Heslington , York , YO10 5DD , UK .
| | - Peter A Summers
- School of Chemistry , University of Nottingham , Nottingham , NG7 2RD , UK .
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering , The University of Nottingham Ningbo China , Ningbo , 315100 , China
| | - Xue Zhong Sun
- School of Chemistry , University of Nottingham , Nottingham , NG7 2RD , UK .
| | - Adrian C Whitwood
- Department of Chemistry , University of York , Heslington , York , YO10 5DD , UK .
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69
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Tian H. Molecular Catalyst Immobilized Photocathodes for Water/Proton and Carbon Dioxide Reduction. CHEMSUSCHEM 2015; 8:3746-59. [PMID: 26437747 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201500983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2015] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
As one of the components in a tandem photoelectrochemical cell for solar-fuel production, the photocathode carries out the reduction reaction to convert solar light and the corresponding substrate (e.g., proton and CO2) into target fuels. Immobilizing molecular catalysts onto the photocathode is a promising strategy to enhance the interfacial electron/hole-transfer process and to improve the stability of the catalysts. Furthermore, the molecular catalysts are beneficial in improving the selectivity of the reduction reaction, particularly for CO2 reduction. On the photocathode, the binding mode of the catalysts and the arrangement between the photosensitizer and the catalyst also play crucial roles in the performance and stability of the final device. How to firmly and effectively immobilize the catalyst on the photoelectrode is now becoming a scientific question. Recent publications on molecular catalyst immobilized photocathodes are therefore surveyed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haining Tian
- Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry-Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 523, 75120, Uppsala, Sweden.
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70
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White JL, Baruch MF, Pander JE, Hu Y, Fortmeyer IC, Park JE, Zhang T, Liao K, Gu J, Yan Y, Shaw TW, Abelev E, Bocarsly AB. Light-Driven Heterogeneous Reduction of Carbon Dioxide: Photocatalysts and Photoelectrodes. Chem Rev 2015; 115:12888-935. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1148] [Impact Index Per Article: 127.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- James L. White
- Department
of Chemistry, Princeton University
, Princeton, New Jersey
08544, United States
| | - Maor F. Baruch
- Department
of Chemistry, Princeton University
, Princeton, New Jersey
08544, United States
| | - James E. Pander
- Department
of Chemistry, Princeton University
, Princeton, New Jersey
08544, United States
| | - Yuan Hu
- Department
of Chemistry, Princeton University
, Princeton, New Jersey
08544, United States
| | - Ivy C. Fortmeyer
- Department
of Chemistry, Princeton University
, Princeton, New Jersey
08544, United States
| | - James Eujin Park
- Department
of Chemistry, Princeton University
, Princeton, New Jersey
08544, United States
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department
of Chemistry, Princeton University
, Princeton, New Jersey
08544, United States
| | - Kuo Liao
- Department
of Chemistry, Princeton University
, Princeton, New Jersey
08544, United States
| | - Jing Gu
- Chemical
and Materials Science Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory
, Golden, Colorado
80401, United States
| | - Yong Yan
- Chemical
and Materials Science Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory
, Golden, Colorado
80401, United States
| | - Travis W. Shaw
- Department
of Chemistry, Princeton University
, Princeton, New Jersey
08544, United States
| | - Esta Abelev
- Department
of Chemistry, Princeton University
, Princeton, New Jersey
08544, United States
| | - Andrew B. Bocarsly
- Department
of Chemistry, Princeton University
, Princeton, New Jersey
08544, United States
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71
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Unique photophysical properties of chlorophyll derivatives linked with CO 2 -reducing moiety along the Qy axis. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2015.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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72
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Louis ME, Fenton TG, Rondeau J, Jin T, Li G. Solar CO2Reduction Using Surface-Immobilized Molecular Catalysts. COMMENT INORG CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/02603594.2015.1088008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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73
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Kato E, Takeda H, Koike K, Ohkubo K, Ishitani O. Ru(ii)-Re(i) binuclear photocatalysts connected by -CH 2XCH 2- (X = O, S, CH 2) for CO 2 reduction. Chem Sci 2015; 6:3003-3012. [PMID: 29403638 PMCID: PMC5729417 DOI: 10.1039/c4sc03710c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2014] [Accepted: 02/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We developed Ru(ii)-Re(i) supramolecular photocatalysts in which each metal complex unit is connected by a -CH2XCH2- (X = O, S, CH2) chain. The photocatalyst with X = O exhibited the best photocatalytic efficiency for CO2 reduction in the reported systems using a NAD(P)H model compound as an electron donor because the introduced oxygen atom strengthened the oxidation power of the Ru photosensitizer unit in the excited state and accelerated electron transfer from the one-electron-reduced Ru photosensitizer unit to the Re catalyst unit. In contrast, the catalytic ability of the photocatalyst with X = S rapidly decreased during irradiation because the supramolecular structure split into mononuclear complexes. A detailed mechanism for the efficient photocatalytic reaction involving these supramolecular photocatalysts was investigated for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eishiro Kato
- Department of Chemistry , Graduate School of Science and Engineering , Tokyo Institute of Technology , 2-12-1-NE1, O-okayama , Meguro-ku , Tokyo 152-8550 , Japan .
| | - Hiroyuki Takeda
- Department of Chemistry , Graduate School of Science and Engineering , Tokyo Institute of Technology , 2-12-1-NE1, O-okayama , Meguro-ku , Tokyo 152-8550 , Japan . .,CREST , Japan Science and Technology Agency , 4-1-8 Honcho , Kawaguchi-shi , Saitama 322-0012 , Japan
| | - Kazuhide Koike
- CREST , Japan Science and Technology Agency , 4-1-8 Honcho , Kawaguchi-shi , Saitama 322-0012 , Japan.,National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology , 16-1 Onogawa , Tsukuba , Ibaraki 305-8569 , Japan
| | - Kei Ohkubo
- Department of Chemistry , Graduate School of Science and Engineering , Tokyo Institute of Technology , 2-12-1-NE1, O-okayama , Meguro-ku , Tokyo 152-8550 , Japan .
| | - Osamu Ishitani
- Department of Chemistry , Graduate School of Science and Engineering , Tokyo Institute of Technology , 2-12-1-NE1, O-okayama , Meguro-ku , Tokyo 152-8550 , Japan . .,CREST , Japan Science and Technology Agency , 4-1-8 Honcho , Kawaguchi-shi , Saitama 322-0012 , Japan
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74
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Kitagawa Y, Ogasawara S, Kosumi D, Hashimoto H, Tamiaki H. Photophysical Properties of Chlorophyll Derivatives Linked with Rhenium Bipyridine Complexes. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2015. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20140326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuichi Kitagawa
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University
- Division of Materials Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University
| | - Shin Ogasawara
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University
| | - Daisuke Kosumi
- The Osaka City University Advanced Research Institute for Natural Science and Technology (OCARINA)
| | - Hideki Hashimoto
- The Osaka City University Advanced Research Institute for Natural Science and Technology (OCARINA)
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75
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Sahara G, Abe R, Higashi M, Morikawa T, Maeda K, Ueda Y, Ishitani O. Photoelectrochemical CO2 reduction using a Ru(ii)–Re(i) multinuclear metal complex on a p-type semiconducting NiO electrode. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:10722-5. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc02403j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
A photocathode for CO2 reduction was developed using a hybrid comprising a Ru(ii)–Re(i) supramolecular photocatalyst and a NiO electrode. Photoexcitation of the Ru photosensitizer selectively gave CO with high faradaic efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Go Sahara
- Department of Chemistry
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering
- Tokyo Institute of Technology
- Tokyo 152-8550
- Japan
| | - Ryu Abe
- Department of Energy and Hydrocarbon Chemistry
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Kyoto University
- Kyoto 615-8510
- Japan
| | - Masanobu Higashi
- Department of Energy and Hydrocarbon Chemistry
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Kyoto University
- Kyoto 615-8510
- Japan
| | - Takeshi Morikawa
- Toyota Central Research and Development Laboratories, Inc
- Nagakute
- Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Maeda
- Department of Chemistry
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering
- Tokyo Institute of Technology
- Tokyo 152-8550
- Japan
| | - Yutaro Ueda
- Department of Chemistry
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering
- Tokyo Institute of Technology
- Tokyo 152-8550
- Japan
| | - Osamu Ishitani
- Department of Chemistry
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering
- Tokyo Institute of Technology
- Tokyo 152-8550
- Japan
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76
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Li K, Lin L, Peng T, Guo Y, Li R, Zhang J. Asymmetric zinc porphyrin-sensitized nanosized TiO2 for efficient visible-light-driven CO2 photoreduction to CO/CH4. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:12443-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc03812j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Asymmetric zinc porphyrin was used as a novel sensitizer for the visible-light-driven activity of CO2 photoreduction to CO/CH4 in the gas phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kan Li
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Science
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan 430072
- P. R. China
| | - Li Lin
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Science
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan 430072
- P. R. China
| | - Tianyou Peng
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Science
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan 430072
- P. R. China
| | - Yingying Guo
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Science
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan 430072
- P. R. China
| | - Renjie Li
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Science
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan 430072
- P. R. China
| | - Jing Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Science
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan 430072
- P. R. China
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77
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Kou Y, Nabetani Y, Masui D, Shimada T, Takagi S, Tachibana H, Inoue H. Direct detection of key reaction intermediates in photochemical CO2 reduction sensitized by a rhenium bipyridine complex. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:6021-30. [PMID: 24689747 DOI: 10.1021/ja500403e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Photochemical CO2 reduction sensitized by rhenium-bipyridyl complexes has been studied through multiple approaches during the past several decades. However, a key reaction intermediate, the CO2-coordinated Re-bipyridyl complex, which should govern the activity of CO2 reduction in the photocatalytic cycle, has never been detected in a direct way. In this study on photoreduction of CO2 catalyzed by the 4,4'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridine (dmbpy) complex, [Re(dmbpy)(CO)3Cl] (1), we successfully detect the solvent-coordinated Re complex [Re(dmbpy)(CO)3DMF] (2) as the light-absorbing species to drive photoreduction of CO2. The key intermediate, the CO2-coordinated Re-bipyridyl complex, [Re(dmbpy)(CO)3(COOH)], is also successfully detected for the first time by means of cold-spray ionization spectrometry (CSI-MS). Mass spectra for a reaction mixture with isotopically labeled (13)CO2 provide clear evidence for the incorporation of CO2 into the Re-bipyridyl complex. It is revealed that the starting chloride complex 1 was rapidly transformed into the DMF-coordinated Re complex 2 through the initial cycle of photoreduction of CO2. The observed induction period in the time profile of the CSI-MS signals can well explain the subsequent formation of the CO2-coordinated intermediate from the solvent-coordinated Re-bipyridyl complex. An FTIR study of the reaction mixture in dimethyl sulfoxide clearly shows the appearance of a signal at 1682 cm(-1), which shifts to 1647 cm(-1) for the (13)CO2-labeled counterpart; this is assigned as the CO2-coordinated intermediate, Re(II)-COOH. Thus, a detailed understanding has now been obtained for the mechanism of the archetypical photochemical CO2 reduction sensitized by a Re-bipyridyl complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youki Kou
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Urban Environmental Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University , 1-1 Minami-osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
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