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Daimon Y, Kamei N, Kawakami K, Takeda-Morishita M, Izawa H, Takechi-Haraya Y, Saito H, Sakai H, Abe M, Ariga K. Dependence of Intestinal Absorption Profile of Insulin on Carrier Morphology Composed of β-Cyclodextrin-Grafted Chitosan. Mol Pharm 2016; 13:4034-4042. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.6b00561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Daimon
- International
Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
- Department
of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Noriyasu Kamei
- Faculty
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kobe Gakuin University, 1-1-3 Minatojima, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-8586, Japan
| | - Kohsaku Kawakami
- International
Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
| | - Mariko Takeda-Morishita
- Faculty
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kobe Gakuin University, 1-1-3 Minatojima, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-8586, Japan
| | - Hironori Izawa
- Department
of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori 680-8552, Japan
| | - Yuki Takechi-Haraya
- International
Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
- Graduate
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima University, 1-78-1 Shoumachi, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Saito
- Graduate
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima University, 1-78-1 Shoumachi, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan
| | - Hideki Sakai
- Department
of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Masahiko Abe
- Department
of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Ariga
- International
Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
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McGinn B, Morrison J. Investigations into the absorption of insulin and insulin derivatives from the small intestine of the anaesthetised rat. J Control Release 2016; 232:120-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2016.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Revised: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 04/01/2016] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
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Cell penetrating peptides as an innovative approach for drug delivery; then, present and the future. JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL INVESTIGATION 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s40005-016-0253-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Kristensen M, Nielsen HM. Cell-penetrating peptides as tools to enhance non-injectable delivery of biopharmaceuticals. Tissue Barriers 2016; 4:e1178369. [PMID: 27358757 DOI: 10.1080/21688370.2016.1178369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Revised: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/07/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-injectable delivery of peptide and protein drugs is hampered by their labile nature, hydrophilicity, and large molecular size; thus limiting their permeation across mucosae, which represent major biochemical and physical barriers to drugs administered via e.g. the oral, nasal, and pulmonary routes. However, in recent years cell-penetrating peptides (CPP) have emerged as promising tools to enhance mucosal delivery of co-administered or conjugated peptide and protein cargo and more advanced CPP-cargo formulations are emerging. CPPs act as transepithelial delivery vectors, but the mechanism(s) by which CPPs mediate cargo translocation across an epithelium is so far poorly understood; both due to the fact that multiple factors influence the resulting uptake and trafficking mechanisms as well as to the complicated nature of sensitive studies of this. In addition to a proper mechanistic understanding, documentation of CPP-mediated delivery in higher animal species than rodent as well as extensive toxicological studies are necessary for CPP-containing non-injectable DDSs to reach the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mie Kristensen
- Department of Pharmacy, Section for Biologics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hanne Mørck Nielsen
- Department of Pharmacy, Section for Biologics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen, Denmark
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Duan H, Ma B, Ma X, Wang H, Ni Z, Wang B, Li X, Jiang P, Umar M, Li M. Anti-diabetic activity of recombinant irisin in STZ-induced insulin-deficient diabetic mice. Int J Biol Macromol 2015; 84:457-63. [PMID: 26712701 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.12.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Revised: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In order to investigate the hypoglycemic effects and potential mechanism of recombinant irisin on diabetes, STZ-induced diabetic mice were established and treated with irisin. The results showed that daily water and food intake, and blood glucose significantly decreased after various concentrations of recombinant irisin treatment by intraperitoneal injection, of which 1.0 mg/kg was the optimal dose for lowering blood glucose. However, the body weight exhibited no significant difference during the treatment within groups, although the 0.9% NaCl treated group showed a trend of decreased body weight and the irisin treated groups showed a tendency of increasing weight. The oral glucose tolerance was improved, and serum insulin and circulating irisin content were significantly elevated in diabetic mice after 1.0 mg/kg irisin-injection treatment, compared to diabetic mice treated with 0.9% NaCl. 1.0 mg/kg irisin-injection also significantly increased the expression of energy and metabolism-related genes. In addition, oral administration of irisin lowered the blood glucose in diabetic mice. Our data suggested that irisin could lower blood glucose in insulin-deficient diabetic mice, to some extent, through irisin-mediated induction of energy and metabolic genes expression. These observations laid a foundation for the development of irisin-based therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huikun Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, 300071 Tianjin, China; Key Laboratory for Bioactive Materials of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Nankai University, 300071 Tianjin, China
| | - Baicheng Ma
- Tianjin Children's Hospital, 300074 Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaofeng Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, 300071 Tianjin, China; Key Laboratory for Bioactive Materials of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Nankai University, 300071 Tianjin, China
| | - Haisong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, 300071 Tianjin, China; Key Laboratory for Bioactive Materials of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Nankai University, 300071 Tianjin, China
| | - Zaizhong Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, 300071 Tianjin, China; Key Laboratory for Bioactive Materials of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Nankai University, 300071 Tianjin, China
| | - Bin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, 300071 Tianjin, China; Key Laboratory for Bioactive Materials of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Nankai University, 300071 Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaodan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, 300071 Tianjin, China; Key Laboratory for Bioactive Materials of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Nankai University, 300071 Tianjin, China
| | - Pingzhe Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, 300071 Tianjin, China; Key Laboratory for Bioactive Materials of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Nankai University, 300071 Tianjin, China
| | - Muhammad Umar
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, 300071 Tianjin, China; Key Laboratory for Bioactive Materials of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Nankai University, 300071 Tianjin, China
| | - Minggang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, 300071 Tianjin, China; Key Laboratory for Bioactive Materials of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Nankai University, 300071 Tianjin, China.
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56
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Kristensen M, Nielsen HM. Cell-Penetrating Peptides as Carriers for Oral Delivery of Biopharmaceuticals. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2015; 118:99-106. [PMID: 26525297 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.12515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2015] [Accepted: 10/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Oral delivery of biopharmaceuticals, for example peptides and proteins, constitutes a great challenge in drug delivery due to their low chemical stability and poor permeation across the intestinal mucosa, to a large extent limiting the mode of administration to injections, which is not favouring patient compliance. Nevertheless, cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) have shown promising potential as carriers to overcome the epithelium, and this minireview highlights recent knowledge gained within the field of CPP-mediated transepithelial delivery of therapeutic peptides and proteins from the intestine. Two approaches may be pursued: co-administration of the carrier and therapeutic peptide in the form of complexes obtained by simple bulk mixing, or administration of covalent conjugates demanding more advanced production methodologies. These formulation approaches have their pros and cons, and which is to be preferred depends on the physicochemical properties of both the specific CPP and the specific cargo. In addition to the physical epithelial barrier, a metabolic barrier must be overcome in order to obtain CPP-mediated delivery of a cargo drug from the intestine, and a number of strategies have been employed to delay enzymatic degradation of the CPP. The mechanisms by which CPPs translocate across membranes are not fully understood, but possibly involve endocytosis as well as direct translocation, and the CPP-mediated transepithelial delivery of cargo drugs thus likely involves similar mechanisms for the initial membrane interaction and translocation. However, the mechanisms responsible for transcytosis of the cargo drug, if taken up by an endocytic mechanism, or direct translocation across the epithelium are so far not known.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mie Kristensen
- Section for Biologics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hanne Mørck Nielsen
- Section for Biologics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Zhang Y, Li L, Han M, Hu J, Zhang L. Amphiphilic Lipopeptide-Mediated Transport of Insulin and Cell Membrane Penetration Mechanism. Molecules 2015; 20:21569-83. [PMID: 26633348 PMCID: PMC6332136 DOI: 10.3390/molecules201219771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2015] [Revised: 10/25/2015] [Accepted: 11/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Arginine octamer (R8) and its derivatives were developed in this study for the enhanced mucosal permeation of insulin. R8 was substituted with different aminos, then modified with stearic acid (SA). We found that the SAR6EW-insulin complex had stronger intermolecular interactions and higher complex stability. The amphiphilic lipopeptide (SAR6EW) was significantly more efficient for the permeation of insulin than R8 and R6EW both in vitro and in vivo. Interestingly, different cellular internalization mechanisms were observed for the complexes. When the effectiveness of the complexes in delivering insulin in vivo was examined, it was found that the SAR6EW-insulin complex provided a significant and sustained (six hours) reduction in the blood glucose levels of diabetic rats. The improved absorption could be the comprehensive result of stronger intermolecular interactions, better enzymatic stability, altered internalization pathways, and increased transportation efficacy. In addition, no sign of toxicity was observed after consecutive administrations of SAR6EW. These results demonstrate that SAR6EW is a promising epithelium permeation enhancer for insulin and suggest that the chemical modification of cell-penetrating peptides is a feasible strategy to enhance their potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210046, China.
| | - Lei Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210046, China.
| | - Mei Han
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210046, China.
| | - Jiaoyin Hu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210046, China.
| | - Liefeng Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210046, China.
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Araújo F, Shrestha N, Shahbazi MA, Liu D, Herranz-Blanco B, Mäkilä EM, Salonen JJ, Hirvonen JT, Granja PL, Sarmento B, Santos HA. Microfluidic Assembly of a Multifunctional Tailorable Composite System Designed for Site Specific Combined Oral Delivery of Peptide Drugs. ACS NANO 2015; 9:8291-8302. [PMID: 26235314 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.5b02762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Multifunctional tailorable composite systems, specifically designed for oral dual-delivery of a peptide (glucagon-like peptide-1) and an enzymatic inhibitor (dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4)), were assembled through the microfluidics technique. Both drugs were coloaded into these systems for a synergistic therapeutic effect. The systems were composed of chitosan and cell-penetrating peptide modified poly(lactide-co-glycolide) and porous silicon nanoparticles as nanomatrices, further encapsulated in an enteric hydroxypropylmethylcellulose acetylsuccinate polymer. The developed multifunctional systems were pH-sensitive, inherited by the enteric polymer, enabling the release of the nanoparticles only in the simulated intestinal conditions. Moreover, the encapsulation into this polymer prevented the degradation of the nanoparticles' modifications. These nanoparticles showed strong and higher interactions with the intestinal cells in comparison with the nonmodified ones. The presence of DPP4 inhibitor enhanced the peptide permeability across intestinal cell monolayers. Overall, this is a promising platform for simultaneously delivering two drugs from a single formulation. Through this approach peptides are expected to increase their bioavailability and efficiency in vivo both by their specific release at the intestinal level and also by the reduced enzymatic activity. The use of this platform, specifically in combination of the two antidiabetic drugs, has clinical potential for the therapy of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisca Araújo
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki , FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto , 4150-180 Porto, Portugal
- INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, University of Porto , 4150-180 Porto, Portugal
- ICBAS - Instituto Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, University of Porto , 4150-180 Porto, Portugal
| | - Neha Shrestha
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki , FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mohammad-Ali Shahbazi
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki , FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Dongfei Liu
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki , FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Bárbara Herranz-Blanco
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki , FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ermei M Mäkilä
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki , FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Laboratory of Industrial Physics, University of Turku , FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Jarno J Salonen
- Laboratory of Industrial Physics, University of Turku , FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Jouni T Hirvonen
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki , FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pedro L Granja
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto , 4150-180 Porto, Portugal
- INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, University of Porto , 4150-180 Porto, Portugal
- ICBAS - Instituto Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, University of Porto , 4150-180 Porto, Portugal
| | - Bruno Sarmento
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto , 4150-180 Porto, Portugal
- INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, University of Porto , 4150-180 Porto, Portugal
- CESPU , Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal
| | - Hélder A Santos
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki , FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
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Ansari M. Oral Delivery of Insulin for Treatment of Diabetes: Classical Challenges and Current Opportunities. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2015. [DOI: 10.3923/jms.2015.209.220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Khafagy ES, Iwamae R, Kamei N, Takeda-Morishita M. Region-Dependent Role of Cell-Penetrating Peptides in Insulin Absorption Across the Rat Small Intestinal Membrane. AAPS JOURNAL 2015. [PMID: 26216471 DOI: 10.1208/s12248-015-9804-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
We have reported that the cell-penetrating peptide (CPP) penetratin acts as a potential absorption enhancer in oral insulin delivery systems and that this action occurs through noncovalent intermolecular interactions. However, the region-dependent role of CPPs in intestinal insulin absorption has not been clarified. To identify the intestinal region where CPPs have the most effect in increasing insulin absorption, the region-dependent action of penetratin was investigated using in situ closed intestinal loops in rats. The order of the insulin area under the insulin concentration-time curve (AUC) increase effect by L-penetratin was ileum > jejunum > duodenum > colon. By contrast, the AUC order after coadministration of insulin with D-penetratin was colon > duodenum ≥ jejunum and ileum. We also compared the effects of the L- and D-forms of penetratin, R8, and PenetraMax on ileal insulin absorption. Along with the CPPs used in this study, L- and D-PenetraMax produced the largest insulin AUCs. An absorption study using ilea pretreated with CPPs showed that PenetraMax had no irreversible effect on the intestinal epithelial membrane. The degradation of insulin in the presence of CPPs was assessed in rat intestinal enzymatic fluid. The half-life (t 1/2) of insulin increased from 14.5 to 23.7 and 184.7 min in the presence of L- and D-PenetraMax, respectively. These enzymatic degradation-resistant effects might contribute partly to the increased ileal absorption of insulin induced by D-PenetraMax. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that the ability of the L- and D-forms of penetratin to increase intestinal insulin absorption was maximal in the ileum and the colon, respectively, and that D-PenetraMax is a powerful but transient enhancer of oral insulin absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- El-Sayed Khafagy
- Laboratory of Drug Delivery Systems, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kobe Gakuin University, 1-1-3 Minatojima, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-8586, Japan.,Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 415-22, Egypt
| | - Ruisha Iwamae
- Laboratory of Drug Delivery Systems, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kobe Gakuin University, 1-1-3 Minatojima, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-8586, Japan
| | - Noriyasu Kamei
- Laboratory of Drug Delivery Systems, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kobe Gakuin University, 1-1-3 Minatojima, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-8586, Japan
| | - Mariko Takeda-Morishita
- Laboratory of Drug Delivery Systems, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kobe Gakuin University, 1-1-3 Minatojima, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-8586, Japan.
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Zhu S, Chen S, Gao Y, Guo F, Li F, Xie B, Zhou J, Zhong H. Enhanced oral bioavailability of insulin using PLGA nanoparticles co-modified with cell-penetrating peptides and Engrailed secretion peptide (Sec). Drug Deliv 2015; 23:1980-91. [PMID: 26181841 DOI: 10.3109/10717544.2015.1043472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Biodegradable polymer nanoparticle drug carriers are an attractive strategy for oral delivery of peptide and protein drugs. However, their ability to cross the intestinal epithelium membrane is largely limited. Therefore, in the present study, cell-penetrating peptides (R8, Tat, penetratin) and a secretion peptide (Sec) with N-terminal stearylation were introduced to modify nanoparticles (NPs) on the surface to improve oral bioavailability of peptide and protein drugs. In vitro studies conducted in Caco-2 cells showed the value of the apparent permeability coefficient (Papp) of the nanoparticles co-modified with Sec and penetratin (Sec-Pen-NPs) was about two-times greater than that of the nanoparticles modified with only penetratin (Pen-NPs), while the increase of transcellular transport of nanoparticles modified together with Sec and R8 (Sec-R8-NPs), or Sec and Tat (Sec-Tat-NPs), was not significant compared with nanoparticles modified with only R8 (R8-NPs) or Tat (Tat-NPs). Using insulin as the model drug, in vivo studies performed on rats indicated that compared to Pen-NPs, the relative bioavailability of insulin for Sec-Pen-NPs was 1.71-times increased after ileal segments administration, and stronger hypoglycemic effects was also observed. Therefore, the nanoparticles co-modified with penetratin and Sec could act as attractive carriers for oral delivery of insulin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Zhu
- a School of Pharmacy, Nanchang University , Jiangxi , China and
| | - Shuangxi Chen
- a School of Pharmacy, Nanchang University , Jiangxi , China and
| | - Yuan Gao
- a School of Pharmacy, Nanchang University , Jiangxi , China and
| | - Feng Guo
- a School of Pharmacy, Nanchang University , Jiangxi , China and
| | - Fengying Li
- a School of Pharmacy, Nanchang University , Jiangxi , China and
| | - Baogang Xie
- a School of Pharmacy, Nanchang University , Jiangxi , China and
| | - Jianliang Zhou
- b Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery , The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University , Jiangxi , China
| | - Haijun Zhong
- a School of Pharmacy, Nanchang University , Jiangxi , China and
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Hamid Akash MS, Rehman K, Chen S. Natural and Synthetic Polymers as Drug Carriers for Delivery of Therapeutic Proteins. POLYM REV 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/15583724.2014.995806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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63
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Absorption improvement of sepantronium bromide (YM155) by aminoalkyl methacrylate copolymers in in situ intestinal tracts of mice. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2015.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Jafari S, Maleki Dizaj S, Adibkia K. Cell-penetrating peptides and their analogues as novel nanocarriers for drug delivery. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 5:103-11. [PMID: 26191505 PMCID: PMC4492185 DOI: 10.15171/bi.2015.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2015] [Revised: 02/18/2015] [Accepted: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The impermeability of biological membranes is a major obstacle in drug delivery; however, some peptides have transition capabilities of biomembranes. In recent decades, cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) have been introduced as novel biocarriers that are able to translocate into the cells. CPPs are biologically potent tools for non-invasive cellular internalization of cargo molecules. Nevertheless, the non-specificity of these peptides presents a restriction for targeting drug delivery; therefore, a peptidic nanocarrier sensitive to matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) has been prepared, called activatable cell-penetrating peptide (ACPP). In addition to the cell-penetrating peptide dendrimer (DCPP), other analogues of CPPs have been synthesized. METHODS In this study, the most recent literature in the field of biomedical application of CPPs and their analogues, ACPP and DCCP, were reviewed. RESULTS This review focuses on CPP and its analogues, ACPP and DCPP, as novel nanocarriers for drug delivery. In addition, nanoconjugates and bioconjugates of these peptide sequences are discussed. CONCLUSION DCCP, branched CPPs, compared to linear peptides have advantages such as resistance to rapid biodegradation, high loading capacities and large-scale production capability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira Jafari
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran ; Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Solmaz Maleki Dizaj
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran ; Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Khosro Adibkia
- Drug Applied Research Center and Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Kristensen M, de Groot AM, Berthelsen J, Franzyk H, Sijts A, Nielsen HM. Conjugation of cell-penetrating peptides to parathyroid hormone affects its structure, potency, and transepithelial permeation. Bioconjug Chem 2015; 26:477-88. [PMID: 25611217 DOI: 10.1021/bc5005763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Delivery of therapeutic peptides and proteins by the use of cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) as carriers has been suggested as a feasible strategy. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of conjugating a series of well-known CPPs to the biologically active part of parathyroid hormone, i.e., PTH(1-34), and to evaluate the effect with regard to secondary structure, potency in Saos-2 cells, immunogenicity, safety, as well as the transepithelial permeation across monolayers by using the Caco-2 cell culture model. Further, co-administration of CPP and PTH(1-34) as an alternative to covalent conjugation was compared with regard to the transepithelial permeation. CPP-conjugated PTH(1-34) fusion peptides were successfully expressed in Escherichia coli and purified from inclusion bodies. No clear correlation between the degree of secondary structure of the CPP-conjugated PTH(1-34) fusion peptides and their potency was found, albeit a general decrease in permeation was observed for both N- and C-terminally CPP-conjugated PTH(1-34) as compared to native PTH(1-34). However, attachment of CPP to the N-terminus significantly increased permeation across Caco-2 cell monolayers as compared to the corresponding C-terminally CPP-conjugated PTH(1-34). In addition, the nonaarginine sequence proved to be the only CPP capable of increasing permeation when conjugated to PTH(1-34) as compared to co-administration of CPP and PTH(1-34). This enhancement effect was, however, associated with an unacceptably low level of cell viability. In conclusion, covalent conjugation of CPPs to PTH(1-34) influenced the secondary structure, potency, and transepithelial permeation efficiency of the resulting conjugate, and hence this approach appears not to be favorable as compared to co-administration when optimizing CPP-mediated permeation of PTH(1-34) across an intestinal epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mie Kristensen
- †Section for Biologics, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anne Marit de Groot
- §Division of Immunology, Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University. Yalelaan 1, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jens Berthelsen
- ‡Department of International Health, Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Henrik Franzyk
- ∥Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Alice Sijts
- §Division of Immunology, Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University. Yalelaan 1, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Hanne Mørck Nielsen
- †Section for Biologics, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
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66
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Targeting of gastrointestinal tract for amended delivery of protein/peptide therapeutics: Strategies and industrial perspectives. J Control Release 2014; 196:168-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2014.09.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2014] [Revised: 09/26/2014] [Accepted: 09/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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67
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Targeted siRNA therapy using cytoplasm-responsive nanocarriers and cell-penetrating peptides. JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL INVESTIGATION 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s40005-014-0155-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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68
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A review of advanced oral drug delivery technologies facilitating the protection and absorption of protein and peptide molecules. Biotechnol Adv 2014; 32:1269-1282. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2014.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 197] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2014] [Revised: 07/21/2014] [Accepted: 07/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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69
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Du X, Zhang J, Zhang Y, Li S, Lin X, Tang X, Zhang Y, Wang Y. Decanoic acid grafted oligochitosan nanoparticles as a carrier for insulin transport in the gastrointestinal tract. Carbohydr Polym 2014; 111:433-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.04.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2014] [Revised: 04/11/2014] [Accepted: 04/11/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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70
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In vivo proof of concept of oral insulin delivery based on a co-administration strategy with the cell-penetrating peptide penetratin. J Control Release 2014; 189:19-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2014.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2013] [Revised: 05/18/2014] [Accepted: 06/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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71
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Lopes MA, Abrahim BA, Cabral LM, Rodrigues CR, Seiça RMF, de Baptista Veiga FJ, Ribeiro AJ. Intestinal absorption of insulin nanoparticles: Contribution of M cells. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2014; 10:1139-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2014.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2013] [Revised: 01/19/2014] [Accepted: 02/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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72
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Sengupta D, Waldman SD, Li S. From In Vitro to In Situ Tissue Engineering. Ann Biomed Eng 2014; 42:1537-45. [DOI: 10.1007/s10439-014-1022-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2014] [Accepted: 04/29/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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73
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Kawakami K, Hasegawa Y, Zhang S, Yoshihashi Y, Yonemochi E, Terada K. Low-density microparticles with petaloid surface structure for pulmonary drug delivery. J Pharm Sci 2014; 103:1309-13. [PMID: 24522880 DOI: 10.1002/jps.23899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2013] [Revised: 01/20/2014] [Accepted: 01/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The morphology of spray-dried particles composed of psicose and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose was modified by adding ammonium bicarbonate (ABC) to the solution. The surface structure of the particles was altered by immediate transformation of ABC to gaseous components during the spray drying. As a result, low-density microparticles with a petaloid surface structure, which was controllable by changing the evaporation rate of ABC, was obtained. This technique should be useful for modifying characteristics of solid particles for pulmonary drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohsaku Kawakami
- Biomaterials Unit, International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0044, Japan
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74
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Takayama K. [Development of an oligoarginine peptide displaying rapid cell penetration for improved intestinal absorption]. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 2014; 134:55-61. [PMID: 24389618 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.13-00221-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Arginine-rich peptides, including oligoarginines (Rn, n=7-12) are cell penetrating peptides (CPPs) and are useful for the intracellular delivery of membrane-impermeable substances. Endocytosed arginine-rich peptides can become trapped in endosomes, and the avoidance of endosomal retention is necessary for achieving effective cytosolic translocation. Our group has succeeded in enhancing the cellular uptake of oligoarginines by introducing short hydrophobic penetration accelerating sequences (Pas). The effectiveness of a Pas segment in improving the oligoarginine-mediated intracellular delivery of a biofunctional peptide was demonstrated through the efficient inhibition of glioma cell growth by a p53 C-terminal-derived retro-inverso peptide. The CPPs were expected to increase the penetration efficiency of low-permeability drugs through the intestinal epithelial cell layer into blood. Drugs conjugated to oligoarginines via a chemically stable linker tend to be retained in the negatively charged intracellular compartment due to the strongly cationic peptides. Our group has proposed the use of a self-cleavable linker strategy that effectively releases the drugs from the oligoarginine peptide. Chemical-triggered self-cleavage produces the parent drug via intramolecular imide formation under physiological conditions. The designed model drug-oligoarginine conjugates were converted with the half-life (t1/2) values of 9-100 min. Conjugates possessing a short t1/2 of 9-10 min improved the transport rate of the parent model drug in a Caco-2 monolayer permeation assay. The Pas attachment to the oligoarginine was also found to be effective in this permeation assay. The Pas attachment may provide a new platform for facilitating arginine-rich CPP-mediated cargo transport.
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75
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Okada H, Ogawa T, Tanaka K, Kanazawa T, Takashima Y. Cytoplasm-Responsive Delivery Systems for siRNA Using Cell-Penetrating Peptide Nanomicelles. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s1773-2247(14)50001-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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76
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Zhu X, Shan W, Zhang P, Jin Y, Guan S, Fan T, Yang Y, Zhou Z, Huang Y. Penetratin derivative-based nanocomplexes for enhanced intestinal insulin delivery. Mol Pharm 2013; 11:317-28. [PMID: 24255985 DOI: 10.1021/mp400493b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Sufficient mucosal permeability is the bottleneck problem in developing an efficient intestinal delivery system of insulin. Cell-penetrating peptide-based nanocomplexes for the enhanced mucosal permeation of insulin were developed in this study. Penetratin, a cell-penetrating peptide was site-specifically modified with a bis-β-cyclodextrin group. Insulin-loaded nanocomplexes were prepared by self-assembly using penetratin or its bis-β-cyclodextrin modified derivative (P-bis-CD). A stronger intermolecular interaction and higher complex stability were observed for P-bis-CD nanocomplexes than the penetratin nanocomplexes. P-bis-CD nanocomplexes were significantly more efficient for the permeation of insulin as compared to the penetratin nanocomplexes both in vitro and in situ. Interestingly, different cellular internalization mechanisms were observed for the two nanocomplexes. In diabetic rats, intestinal administration of P-bis-CD nanocomplexes resulted in a prominent hypoglycemic effect which lasted for 6 h with maximum inhibitory rate at 60%. The relative pharmacological availability and bioavailability of P-bis-CD nanocomplexes were 10.6% and 7.1%, which were 3.0-fold and 2.3-fold higher than that of penetratin nanocomplexes, respectively. In addition, no sign of toxicity was observed after 7 consecutive days of administration of P-bis-CD nanocomplexes with endotoxin. These results demonstrated that P-bis-CD was a promising epithelium permeation enhancer for insulin and suggested that the chemical modification of cell penetration peptides was a feasible strategy to enhance their potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University , No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
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77
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Bruno BJ, Miller GD, Lim CS. Basics and recent advances in peptide and protein drug delivery. Ther Deliv 2013; 4:1443-67. [PMID: 24228993 PMCID: PMC3956587 DOI: 10.4155/tde.13.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 444] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
While the peptide and protein therapeutic market has developed significantly in the past decades, delivery has limited their use. Although oral delivery is preferred, most are currently delivered intravenously or subcutaneously due to degradation and limited absorption in the gastrointestinal tract. Therefore, absorption enhancers, enzyme inhibitors, carrier systems and stability enhancers are being studied to facilitate oral peptide delivery. Additionally, transdermal peptide delivery avoids the issues of the gastrointestinal tract, but also faces absorption limitations. Due to proteases, opsonization and agglutination, free peptides are not systemically stable without modifications. This review discusses oral and transdermal peptide drug delivery, focusing on barriers and solutions to absorption and stability issues. Methods to increase systemic stability and site-specific delivery are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin J Bruno
- Department of Pharmaceutics & Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of
Pharmacy, University of Utah. 30 South 2000 East, Room 301, Salt Lake City, UT
84112, USA
| | - Geoffrey D Miller
- Department of Pharmaceutics & Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of
Pharmacy, University of Utah. 30 South 2000 East, Room 301, Salt Lake City, UT
84112, USA
| | - Carol S Lim
- Department of Pharmaceutics & Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of
Pharmacy, University of Utah. 30 South 2000 East, Room 301, Salt Lake City, UT
84112, USA
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78
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Kamei N, Onuki Y, Takayama K, Takeda-Morishita M. Mechanistic Study of the Uptake/Permeation of Cell-Penetrating Peptides Across a Caco-2 Monolayer and Their Stimulatory Effect on Epithelial Insulin Transport. J Pharm Sci 2013; 102:3998-4008. [DOI: 10.1002/jps.23708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2013] [Revised: 07/16/2013] [Accepted: 07/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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79
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Khafagy ES, Kamei N, Nielsen EJB, Nishio R, Takeda-Morishita M. One-month subchronic toxicity study of cell-penetrating peptides for insulin nasal delivery in rats. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2013; 85:736-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2013.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2013] [Revised: 09/11/2013] [Accepted: 09/13/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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80
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He P, Liu H, Tang Z, Deng M, Yang Y, Pang X, Chen X. Poly(ester amide) blend microspheres for oral insulin delivery. Int J Pharm 2013; 455:259-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2013.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2013] [Revised: 06/13/2013] [Accepted: 07/07/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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81
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The use of low molecular weight protamine chemical chimera to enhance monomeric insulin intestinal absorption. Biomaterials 2013; 34:7733-43. [PMID: 23863452 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.06.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2013] [Accepted: 06/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Although oral delivery of insulin offers a number of unmatched advantages, it nevertheless is beset by the poor permeability of insulin molecules through the epithelial cell membranes of the intestinal mucosal layer. We previously reported the development of low molecular weight protamine (LMWP) as a non-toxic yet potent cell-penetrating peptide, of which via covalent linkage was capable of translocating protein cargos through the membranes of almost all cell types. It is therefore hypothesized that LMWP could be practically employed as a safe and effective tool to deliver insulin across the intestinal mucosal membrane, thereby augmenting its absorption through the GI tract. However, formulating 1:1 monomeric insulin/LMWP conjugate presents a tall order of challenge, as the acidic insulin and basic LMWP would automatically form tight aggregates through electrostatic interactions. In this paper, we developed an innovative conjugation strategy to solve this problem, by using succinimidyl-[(N-maleimidopropionamido)-polyethyleneglycol] ester (NHS-PEG-MAL) as an intermediate cross-linker during the coupling process. Both SDS-PAGE and MALDI-TOF mass spectroscopy confirmed the formation of a homogenous, monomeric (1:1 ratio) insulin/LMWP conjugate without encountering the conventional problem of substrate aggregation. Cell culture studies demonstrated that transport of the Insulin-PEG-LMWP conjugate across the intestinal mucosal monolayer was augmented by almost five-folds compared to native insulin. Furthermore, results from the in situ loop absorption tests in rats showed that systemic pharmacological bioavailability of insulin was significantly enhanced after its conjugation with LMWP. Overall, the presented chemical conjugation with LMWP could offer a reliable and safe means to improve the intestinal permeability of therapeutic peptides/proteins, shedding light of the possibility for their effective oral delivery.
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82
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Noninvasive insulin delivery: the great potential of cell-penetrating peptides. Ther Deliv 2013; 4:315-26. [PMID: 23442079 DOI: 10.4155/tde.12.164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin, a potent therapeutic peptide used in the treatment of diabetes, is administered to patients via subcutaneous injections because of the poor pharmacokinetics associated with alternative routes of administration such as oral, nasal and pulmonary delivery. Noninvasive nasal and oral formulations are appealing to patients who need consecutive daily treatments of insulin. However, to achieve mucosal absorption of insulin via oral or nasal administration, two barriers must be overcome: the impermeability of insulin through the epithelial membranes and local digestion and enzymatic degradation. Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs), which efficiently bring exogenous proteins and nucleic acids into cells, have great potential to facilitate insulin permeation from the intestinal lumen or nasal cavity into systemic circulation via efficient uptake by epithelial cells. In fact, the coadministration of insulin with the peptide penetratin, a typical CPP, increased intestinal and nasal insulin bioavailability to 35 and 50%, respectively. In this review, the authors describe recent findings using this novel CPP-based formulation for noninvasive delivery of insulin.
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83
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Bae HD, Lee K. On employing a translationally controlled tumor protein-derived protein transduction domain analog for transmucosal delivery of drugs. J Control Release 2013; 170:358-64. [PMID: 23791976 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2013.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2013] [Revised: 04/26/2013] [Accepted: 06/03/2013] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Protein transduction domains (PTDs) are recognized as promising vehicles for the delivery of macromolecular drugs. We have previously shown that a region in the N-terminus (residues 1-10) of translationally controlled tumor protein (TCTP) contains a PTD (TCTP-PTD), MIIYRDLISH, which can serve as a vehicle for the delivery of macromolecules into the cells and tissues. In the current study, we evaluated the potential and safety of TCTP-PTD and its three mutant analogs as nasal absorption enhancers for delivery of drugs. We conducted this evaluation employing insulin as test drug. We examined the degree to which insulin was absorbed in nasal mucosa and also if any mucosal damage occurs following such nasal delivery of insulin using TCTP-PTDs as a vehicle. The systemic delivery of insulin was assessed by measuring the changes in blood glucose levels after nasal coadministration insulin and four PTDs. Of the three TCTP-PTD analogs examined, one, TCTP-PTD analog (MIIFRALISHKK) significantly enhanced the nasal absorption of insulin in both normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. The relative pharmacological bioavailability of insulin nasally coadministered with the TCTP-PTD analog was 21.3% relative to the subcutaneous route. Molecular association between insulin and the TCTP-PTD analog was observed by fluorescence resonance energy transfer measurements. The binding between the TCTP-PTD analog and insulin may enable the penetration of insulin through the nasal mucosa. Histological examination of mice nasal mucosa 7 days after repeated nasal administration showed no evidence of toxicity at the site of nasal administration. In this study using insulin as a test system we demonstrate that the TCTP-PTD analog offers a promising approach for nasal peptides and protein-drugs delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hae-duck Bae
- College of Pharmacy, Center for Cell Signaling and Drug Discovery Research, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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84
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Liu X, Liu C, Zhang W, Xie C, Wei G, Lu W. Oligoarginine-modified biodegradable nanoparticles improve the intestinal absorption of insulin. Int J Pharm 2013; 448:159-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2013.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2012] [Revised: 02/11/2013] [Accepted: 03/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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85
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Renukuntla J, Vadlapudi AD, Patel A, Boddu SHS, Mitra AK. Approaches for enhancing oral bioavailability of peptides and proteins. Int J Pharm 2013; 447:75-93. [PMID: 23428883 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2013.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 399] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2012] [Revised: 12/28/2012] [Accepted: 02/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Oral delivery of peptide and protein drugs faces immense challenge partially due to the gastrointestinal (GI) environment. In spite of considerable efforts by industrial and academic laboratories, no major breakthrough in the effective oral delivery of polypeptides and proteins has been accomplished. Upon oral administration, gastrointestinal epithelium acts as a physical and biochemical barrier for absorption of proteins resulting in low bioavailability (typically less than 1-2%). An ideal oral drug delivery system should be capable of (a) maintaining the integrity of protein molecules until it reaches the site of absorption, (b) releasing the drug at the target absorption site, where the delivery system appends to that site by virtue of specific interaction, and (c) retaining inside the gastrointestinal tract irrespective of its transitory constraints. Various technologies have been explored to overcome the problems associated with the oral delivery of macromolecules such as insulin, gonadotropin-releasing hormones, calcitonin, human growth factor, vaccines, enkephalins, and interferons, all of which met with limited success. This review article intends to summarize the physiological barriers to oral delivery of peptides and proteins and novel pharmaceutical approaches to circumvent these barriers and enhance oral bioavailability of these macromolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jwala Renukuntla
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South College School of Pharmacy, 400 Goody's Lane, Knoxville, TN 37931, USA
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86
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Kamei N, Kikuchi S, Takeda-Morishita M, Terasawa Y, Yasuda A, Yamamoto S, Ida N, Nishio R, Takayama K. Determination of the Optimal Cell-Penetrating Peptide Sequence for Intestinal Insulin Delivery Based on Molecular Orbital Analysis with Self-Organizing Maps. J Pharm Sci 2013; 102:469-79. [DOI: 10.1002/jps.23364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2012] [Revised: 10/09/2012] [Accepted: 10/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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87
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88
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Insulin complexes with PEGylated basic oligopeptides. J Colloid Interface Sci 2012; 384:61-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2012.06.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2012] [Revised: 06/18/2012] [Accepted: 06/19/2012] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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89
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Khafagy ES, Kamei N, Takeda-Morishita M. Cell-penetrating Peptide-biodrug Strategy for Oral and Nasal Delivery: Review of Recent Findings. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jecm.2012.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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90
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Prego† C, Goycoolea* FM. Nanostructures Overcoming the Nasal Barrier: Protein and Peptide Delivery Strategies. NANOSTRUCTURED BIOMATERIALS FOR OVERCOMING BIOLOGICAL BARRIERS 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/9781849735292-00133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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91
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Abstract
Macromolecular therapeutics, in particular, many biologics, is the most advancing category of drugs over conventional chemical drugs. The potency and specificity of the biologics for curing certain disease made them to be a leading compound in the pharmaceutical industry. However, due to their intrinsic nature, including high molecular weight, hydrophilicity and instability, they are difficult to be administered via non-invasive route. This is a major quest especially in biologics, as they are frequently used clinically for chronic disorders, which requires long-term administration. Therefore, many efforts have been made to develop formulation for non-invasive administration, in attempt to improve patient compliance and convenience. In this review, strategies for non-invasive delivery, in particular, oral, pulmonary and nasal delivery, that are recently adopted for delivery of biologics are discussed. Insulin, calcitonin and heparin were mainly focused for the discussion as they could represent protein, polypeptide and polysaccharide drugs, respectively. Many recent attempts for non-invasive delivery of biologics are compared to provide an insight of developing successful delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Woo Chung
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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92
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Sakuma S, Suita M, Yamamoto T, Masaoka Y, Kataoka M, Yamashita S, Nakajima N, Shinkai N, Yamauchi H, Hiwatari KI, Hashizume A, Tachikawa H, Kimura R, Ishimaru Y, Kasai A, Maeda S. Performance of cell-penetrating peptide-linked polymers physically mixed with poorly membrane-permeable molecules on cell membranes. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2012; 81:64-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2012.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2011] [Revised: 01/12/2012] [Accepted: 01/18/2012] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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93
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Khafagy ES, Morishita M. Oral biodrug delivery using cell-penetrating peptide. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2012; 64:531-9. [PMID: 22245080 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2011.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2011] [Revised: 12/27/2011] [Accepted: 12/29/2011] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
During the past few decades, the novel biotherapeutic agents such as peptides and proteins have been contributed to the treatment of several diseases. However, their oral absorption is significantly limited due to their poor delivery through the intestinal mucosa. Therefore, the feasible approaches are needed for improving the oral bioavailability of biodrugs. Recently, cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) such as HIV-1 Tat, penetratin and oligoarginine are considered as a useful tool for the intracellular delivery of therapeutic macromolecules. Hence, it was expected that the ability of CPPs may be applicable to enhance the absorption of biodrugs through intestinal epithelial membrane. CPPs are likely to become powerful tools for overcoming the low permeability of therapeutic peptides and proteins through the intestinal membrane, the major barrier to their oral delivery. Further advantage of this promising strategy is that this successful intestinal absorption could be achieved by more convenient methodology, coadministration of CPP with drugs via intermolecular interaction among them. Hereafter, the further establishment of delivery system based on CPPs is required to realize the development of the oral forms of therapeutic peptides and proteins. The aim here is to introduce our vision focusing on oral biodrug delivery by the use of CPPs as potential peptide carrier in order to provide new information in the design and development of new oral delivery systems for novel biotherapeutics.
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94
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Toorisaka E, Watanabe K, Ono H, Hirata M, Kamiya N, Goto M. Intestinal patches with an immobilized solid-in-oil formulation for oral protein delivery. Acta Biomater 2012; 8:653-8. [PMID: 21982846 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2011.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2011] [Revised: 08/09/2011] [Accepted: 09/20/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Oral administration of biomolecular drugs such as peptides, proteins, and DNA is an attractive delivery method because of the safety and convenience of delivery in contrast to injection administration. However, oral delivery of biomolecules has several potential barriers such as enzymatic degradation in the gastrointestinal tract and low permeability across an intestinal membrane. In this study, we proposed an intestinal patch system that included surfactant-coated insulin for oral delivery. The intestinal patches, which have mucoadhesive and drug-impermeable layers, induced sustained unidirectional insulin release toward intestinal mucosa and inhibition of insulin leakage from the patches. Moreover, the surfactant-coated insulin, which has high compatibility with cell membranes, enhanced insulin transport across the intestinal membrane. This study demonstrates that the intestinal patches might improve protein permeability in the intestinal mucosa, thereby offering an innovative therapeutic strategy.
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95
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Zhang L, Song L, Zhang C, Ren Y. Improving intestinal insulin absorption efficiency through coadministration of cell-penetrating peptide and hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin. Carbohydr Polym 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2011.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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96
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Wang M, Sun B, Feng J, Zhang H, Liu B, Li C, Chen Y, Zhang Y, Kong W. Investigation of Transport Mechanism of Exendin-4 across Madin Darby Canine Kidney Cell Monolayers. Biol Pharm Bull 2012; 35:745-52. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.35.745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mengshu Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, College of Life Science, Jilin University
| | - Bingxue Sun
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, College of Life Science, Jilin University
| | - Jiao Feng
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, College of Life Science, Jilin University
| | - Haihong Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, College of Life Science, Jilin University
| | - Bin Liu
- Jilin Product Quality Supervision Inspection
| | - Chun Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, College of Life Science, Jilin University
| | - Yan Chen
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, College of Life Science, Jilin University
| | - Yong Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, College of Life Science, Jilin University
| | - Wei Kong
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, College of Life Science, Jilin University
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering, the Ministry of Education, Jilin University
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97
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Oda K, Yumoto R, Nagai J, Katayama H, Takano M. Enhancement Effect of Poly(amino acid)s on Insulin Uptake in Alveolar Epithelial Cells. Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2012; 27:570-8. [DOI: 10.2133/dmpk.dmpk-12-rg-002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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98
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Cermenati G, Terracciano I, Castelli I, Giordana B, Rao R, Pennacchio F, Casartelli M. The CPP Tat enhances eGFP cell internalization and transepithelial transport by the larval midgut of Bombyx mori (Lepidoptera, Bombycidae). JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY 2011; 57:1689-1697. [PMID: 21959108 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2011.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2011] [Revised: 09/06/2011] [Accepted: 09/07/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Cell-Penetrating Peptides (CPPs) are short peptides that are able to translocate across the cell membrane a wide range of cargoes. In the past decade, different mammalian cell lines have been used to clarify the mechanism of CPPs penetration and to characterize the internalization process, which has been described either as an energy-independent direct penetration through the plasma membrane, or as endocytic uptake. Whatever the mechanism involved, the cell penetration properties of these peptides make their use very attractive as vector for promoting the cellular uptake of coupled bioactive macromolecules, such as peptides, proteins and oligonucleotides. Here we demonstrate, for the first time in insect, that cultured columnar cells from the larval midgut of Bombyx mori more readily internalize eGFP (enhanced Green Fluorescent Protein) when fused to CPP Tat. Tat-eGFP translocates across the plasma membrane of absorptive cells in an energy-independent and non-endocytic manner, since no inhibition of the fusion protein uptake is exerted by metabolic inhibitors and by drugs that interfere with the endocytic uptake. Moreover, the CPP Tat enhances the internalization of eGFP in the columnar cells of intact midgut tissue, mounted in a suitable perfusion apparatus, and the transepithelial flux of the protein. These results open new perspectives for effective delivery of insecticidal macromolecules targeting receptors located both within the insect gut epithelium and behind the gut barrier, in the hemocoel compartment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaia Cermenati
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 26, 20133 Milano, Italy
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99
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Arginine end-functionalized poly(l-lysine) dendrigrafts for the stabilization and controlled release of insulin. J Colloid Interface Sci 2010; 351:433-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2010.07.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2010] [Revised: 07/29/2010] [Accepted: 07/30/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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100
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YAMAMOTO A. Improvement of Intestinal Absorption of Poorly Absorbable Drugs by Polyamidoamine (PAMAM) Dendrimers as Novel Absorption Enhancers. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 2010; 130:1123-7. [DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.130.1123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Akira YAMAMOTO
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University
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