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Mohamed MR, Emam MA, Hassan NS, Mogadem AI. Umbelliferone and daphnetin ameliorate carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity in rats via nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2-mediated heme oxygenase-1 expression. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2014; 38:531-541. [PMID: 25170823 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2014.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2014] [Revised: 08/03/2014] [Accepted: 08/05/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Among various phytochemicals, coumarins comprise a very large class of plant phenolic compounds that have good nutritive value, in addition to their antioxidant effects. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the protective effects of two coumarin derivatives, umbelliferone and daphnetin, against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced hepatotoxicity in rats and elucidate the underlying mechanism. Treatment of rats with either umbelliferone or daphnetin significantly improved the CCl4-induced biochemical alterations. In addition, both compounds alleviated the induced-lipid peroxidation and boosted the antioxidant defense system. Moreover, the investigated compounds attenuated CCl4-induced histopathological alterations of the liver. Finally, umbelliferone and daphnetin induced the nuclear translocation of the nuclear factor erythroid 2 (NF-E2)-related factor 2 (Nrf2), thereby inducing the expression and activity of the cytoprotective heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). These results suggest that umbelliferone and daphnetin ameliorate oxidative stress-related hepatotoxicity via their ability to augment cellular antioxidant defenses by activating Nrf2-mediated HO-1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed R Mohamed
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Manal A Emam
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nahla S Hassan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abeer I Mogadem
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt; Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Science, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawwarah, Saudi Arabia
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Giannitrapani L, Soresi M, Bondì ML, Montalto G, Cervello M. Nanotechnology applications for the therapy of liver fibrosis. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20:7242-7251. [PMID: 24966595 PMCID: PMC4064070 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i23.7242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2013] [Accepted: 03/06/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic liver diseases represent a major global health problem both for their high prevalence worldwide and, in the more advanced stages, for the limited available curative treatment options. In fact, when lesions of different etiologies chronically affect the liver, triggering the fibrogenesis mechanisms, damage has already occurred and the progression of fibrosis will have a major clinical impact entailing severe complications, expensive treatments and death in end-stage liver disease. Despite significant advances in the understanding of the mechanisms of liver fibrinogenesis, the drugs used in liver fibrosis treatment still have a limited therapeutic effect. Many drugs showing potent antifibrotic activities in vitro often exhibit only minor effects in vivo because insufficient concentrations accumulate around the target cell and adverse effects result as other non-target cells are affected. Hepatic stellate cells play a critical role in liver fibrogenesis , thus they are the target cells of antifibrotic therapy. The application of nanoparticles has emerged as a rapidly evolving area for the safe delivery of various therapeutic agents (including drugs and nucleic acid) in the treatment of various pathologies, including liver disease. In this review, we give an overview of the various nanotechnology approaches used in the treatment of liver fibrosis.
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Yang J, Hou Y, Ji G, Song Z, Liu Y, Dai G, Zhang Y, Chen J. Targeted delivery of the RGD-labeled biodegradable polymersomes loaded with the hydrophilic drug oxymatrine on cultured hepatic stellate cells and liver fibrosis in rats. Eur J Pharm Sci 2013; 52:180-90. [PMID: 24296297 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2013.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2013] [Revised: 11/21/2013] [Accepted: 11/24/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Oxymatrine (OM) is an alkaloid extracted from a Chinese herb that has been found to possess an anti-hepatic fibrosis effect, although its anti-fibrotic potential is limited due to a lack of targeting specificity, a short half-life and adverse effects. Polymersomes (PM) assembled from amphiphilic block copolymers represent promising vesicles for applications that include drug delivery and surface functionalization. The aim of this study was to develop a novel drug carrier based on PM modified with the peptide RGD and evaluate its therapeutic effect on liver fibrosis. A series of PM based on poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(ε-caprolactone) (PEG-b-PCL) were prepared and characterized. OM was loaded into PM by a pH-gradient method then the OM-loaded PM was modified with RGD peptide to obtain RGD-PM-OM. The average drug loading of RGD-PM-OM, with a size of 95 nm, was 6.8%. The targeting effects of the system were determined in cultured hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) and bile duct-ligated rats (BLD). RGD-PM-OM displayed better suppression of HSCs proliferation and significantly reduced the expression of the genes for α-SMA and collagen lα1 in cultured HSCs. Furthermore, RGD-PM-OM exhibited markedly superior anti-fibrosis activity by reducing the levels of PC-III and IV-C in serum and connective tissue deposition in BLD compared with PM-OM and OM. These results indicate that targeted RGD-PM-OM markedly attenuates the effects of hepatic fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhong Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 1838 Guangzhou Ave., Guangzhou 510515, PR China; Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, No. 1160 Shengli South Street, Yinchuan 750004, PR China
| | - Yanhui Hou
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, No. 1160 Shengli South Street, Yinchuan 750004, PR China
| | - Gangjian Ji
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 1838 Guangzhou Ave., Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Zhihua Song
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 1838 Guangzhou Ave., Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Yanhua Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, No. 1160 Shengli South Street, Yinchuan 750004, PR China
| | - Guidong Dai
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, No. 1160 Shengli South Street, Yinchuan 750004, PR China
| | - Yajun Zhang
- College of Life Sciences of Northwest University, No. 229 Taibai North Road, Xian 710069, PR China
| | - Jianhai Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 1838 Guangzhou Ave., Guangzhou 510515, PR China.
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Wang X, Gong G, Yang W, Li Y, Jiang M, Li L. Antifibrotic activity of galangin, a novel function evaluated in animal liver fibrosis model. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2013; 36:288-295. [PMID: 23686009 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2013.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2012] [Revised: 04/11/2013] [Accepted: 04/12/2013] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of galangin on liver fibrosis in rats induced by subcutaneous injection of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). The administration of CCl4 to rats for 12 weeks caused significant increase of hyaluronic acid, laminin, alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase and decrease of total protein, albumin in serum, while the influences could be reversed by galangin. Galangin markedly reduced hepatic malondialdehyde, hydroxyproline concentration, increased activities of liver superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase compared with CCl4-treated rats. Histological results indicated that galangin alleviated liver damage. In addition, treatment with galangin significantly down-regulated expressions of α-smooth muscle actin and transforming growth factor β1. These results suggest galangin can inhibit liver fibrosis induced by CCl4 in rats, which was probably associated with its effect on removing oxygen free radicals, decreasing lipid peroxidation, as well as inhibiting hepatic stellate cells activation and proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinhui Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guoqing Gong
- Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Wenhui Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yunzhan Li
- Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Meiling Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Linlin Li
- Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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Mannaerts I, Eysackers N, Onyema OO, Van Beneden K, Valente S, Mai A, Odenthal M, van Grunsven LA. Class II HDAC inhibition hampers hepatic stellate cell activation by induction of microRNA-29. PLoS One 2013; 8:e55786. [PMID: 23383282 PMCID: PMC3561334 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0055786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2012] [Accepted: 12/31/2012] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The conversion of a quiescent vitamin A storing hepatic stellate cell (HSC) to a matrix producing, contractile myofibroblast-like activated HSC is a key event in the onset of liver disease following injury of any aetiology. Previous studies have shown that class I histone deacetylases (HDACs) are involved in the phenotypical changes occurring during stellate cell activation in liver and pancreas. Aims In the current study we investigate the role of class II HDACs during HSC activation. Methods We characterized the expression of the class II HDACs freshly isolated mouse HSCs. We inhibited HDAC activity by selective pharmacological inhibition with MC1568, and by repressing class II HDAC gene expression using specific siRNAs. Results Inhibition of HDAC activity leads to a strong reduction of HSC activation markers α-SMA, lysyl oxidase and collagens as well as an inhibition of cell proliferation. Knock down experiments showed that HDAC4 contributes to HSC activation by regulating lysyl oxidase expression. In addition, we observed a strong up regulation of miR-29, a well-known anti-fibrotic miR, upon treatment with MC1568. Our in vivo work suggests that a successful inhibition of class II HDACs could be promising for development of future anti-fibrotic compounds. Conclusions In conclusion, the use of MC1568 has enabled us to identify a role for class II HDACs regulating miR-29 during HSC activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inge Mannaerts
- Department of Cell Biology, Liver Cell Biology Lab, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nathalie Eysackers
- Department of Cell Biology, Liver Cell Biology Lab, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Oscar O. Onyema
- Department of Cell Biology, Liver Cell Biology Lab, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Katrien Van Beneden
- Department of Human Anatomy, Liver Cell Biology Lab, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sergio Valente
- Istituto Pasteur - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Sapienza Universita' di Roma, Roma, Italy
| | - Antonello Mai
- Istituto Pasteur - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Sapienza Universita' di Roma, Roma, Italy
| | - Margarete Odenthal
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Leo A. van Grunsven
- Department of Cell Biology, Liver Cell Biology Lab, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
- * E-mail:
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Li Q, Yan Z, Li F, Lu W, Wang J, Guo C. The improving effects on hepatic fibrosis of interferon-γ liposomes targeted to hepatic stellate cells. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2012; 23:265101. [PMID: 22700686 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/23/26/265101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
No satisfactory anti-fibrotic therapies have yet been applied clinically. One of the main reasons is the inability to specifically target the responsible cells to produce an available drug concentration and the side-effects. Exploiting the key role of the activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) in both hepatic fibrogenesis and over-expression of platelet-derived growth factor receptor- (PDGFR- ), we constructed targeted sterically stable liposomes (SSLs) modified by a cyclic peptide (pPB) with affinity for the PDGFR- to deliver interferon (IFN)- to HSCs. The pPB-SSL-IFN- showed satisfactory size distribution. In vitro pPB-SSL could be taken up by activated HSCs. The study of tissue distribution via living-body animal imaging showed that the pPB-SSL-IFN- mostly accumulated in the liver until 24 h. Furthermore, the pPB-SSL-IFN- showed more significant remission of hepatic fibrosis. In vivo the histological Ishak stage, the semiquantitative score for collagen in fibrotic liver and the serum levels of collagen type IV-C in fibrotic rats treated with pPB-SSL-IFN- were less than those treated with SSL-IFN- , IFN- and the control group. In vitro pPB-SSL-IFN- was also more effective in suppressing activated HSC proliferation and inducing apoptosis of activated HSCs. Thus the data suggest that pPB-SSL-IFN- might be a more effective anti-fibrotic agent and a new opportunity for clinical therapy of hepatic fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghua Li
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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