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Loizzo MR, Tundis R, Bonesi M, Sanzo GD, Verardi A, Lopresto CG, Pugliese A, Menichini F, Balducchi R, Calabrò V. Chemical Profile and Antioxidant Properties of Extracts and Essential Oils from Citrus × limon (L.) Burm. cv. Femminello Comune. Chem Biodivers 2017; 13:571-81. [PMID: 27112122 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201500186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Citrus × limon cv. Femminello Comune (Rutaceae) from Rocca Imperiale (Italy), one of the six Protected Geographical Indication (PGI) Italian lemon crops, has been recently received renewed interest. In this work, fresh and dried peels and leaves were extracted by hydrodistillation, supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), and Soxhlet apparatus. Chemical profile was assessed by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Except for leaves extracts obtained by Soxhlet apparatus, the monoterpene hydrocarbons fraction dominated. Limonene, γ-terpinene, and β-pinene were the main identified compounds. The antioxidant activity was investigated using different in vitro assays namely 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), ABTS, ferric reducing ability power (FRAP), and β-carotene bleaching test. In DPPH test, the essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation of fresh peel exhibited the highest activity (IC50 of 1.17 mg/ml). Leaves extracted by SFE showed a good activity in both DPPH and β-carotene bleaching test with IC50 values of 2.20 and 6.66 mg/ml, respectively. Monoterpene hydrocarbons fraction exhibited a positive Pearson's correlation coefficient with all antioxidant assays. Leaves, often considered waste material, should be considered from a different point because they represent a matrix of indisputable interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Rosa Loizzo
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci, IT-87036, Rende, CS
| | - Rosa Tundis
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci, IT-87036, Rende, CS.
| | - Marco Bonesi
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci, IT-87036, Rende, CS
| | - Giuseppe Di Sanzo
- Laboratorio Biotecnologie (UTTRI-BIOTEC), ENEA C.R. Trisaia, IT-75026, Rotondella, MT
| | - Alessandra Verardi
- Department of Computer Engineering, Modelling, Electronics and System Science (DIMES), University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci, IT-87036, Rende, CS
| | - Catia Giovanna Lopresto
- Department of Mechanical, Energy and Management Engineering (DIMEG), University of Calabria, Ponte P. Bucci, IT-87036, Rende, CS
| | - Alessandro Pugliese
- Food Science Department, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 47/A, IT-43124, Parma
| | - Francesco Menichini
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci, IT-87036, Rende, CS
| | - Roberto Balducchi
- Laboratorio Biotecnologie (UTTRI-BIOTEC), ENEA C.R. Trisaia, IT-75026, Rotondella, MT
| | - Vincenza Calabrò
- Department of Computer Engineering, Modelling, Electronics and System Science (DIMES), University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci, IT-87036, Rende, CS
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Loizzo MR, Bonesi M, Menichini F, Tenuta MC, Leporini M, Tundis R. Antioxidant and Carbohydrate-Hydrolysing Enzymes Potential of Sechium edule (Jacq.) Swartz (Cucurbitaceae) Peel, Leaves and Pulp Fresh and Processed. PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION 2016; 71:381-387. [PMID: 27474037 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-016-0571-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
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53
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Lucci P, Borrero M, Ruiz A, Pacetti D, Frega NG, Diez O, Ojeda M, Gagliardi R, Parra L, Angel M. Palm oil and cardiovascular disease: a randomized trial of the effects of hybrid palm oil supplementation on human plasma lipid patterns. Food Funct 2016; 7:347-54. [PMID: 26488229 DOI: 10.1039/c5fo01083g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This study examines, for the first time, the effect of hybrid Elaeis oleifera × E. guineensis palm oil supplementation on human plasma lipids related to CVD risk factors. One hundred sixty eligible participants were randomized and assigned to one of the two treatments: 25 mL hybrid palm oil (HPO group) or 25 mL extra virgin olive oil (EVOO group) daily for 3 months. Fasting venous samples were obtained at baseline and after 1, 2 and 3 months for measurement of plasma lipids (TC, LDL-C, HDL-C and TAGs). Changes in body mass index and waist circumference were also assessed. Although there was an overall reduction in TC (7.4%, p < 0.001) and in LDL-C (15.6%, p < 0.001), no significant differences were found between the treatment groups in a repeated measures analysis of variance for TC (p = 0.0525), LDL-C (p = 0.2356), HDL-C (p = 0.8293) or TAGs (p = 0.3749). Furthermore, HPO consumption had similar effects on plasma lipids to EVOO, thus providing additional support for the concept that hybrid Elaeis oleifera × E. guineensis palm oil can be seen as a "tropical equivalent of olive oil".
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Affiliation(s)
- P Lucci
- Department of Food Science, University of Udine Via Sondrio 2/a, 33100 Udine, Italy.
| | - M Borrero
- Department of Nutrition and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, KR 7 # 40-62, Bogota D.C., Colombia
| | - A Ruiz
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, KR 7 # 40-62, Bogota D.C., Colombia
| | - D Pacetti
- Department of Agricultural, Food, and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131, Ancona, Italy
| | - N G Frega
- Department of Agricultural, Food, and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131, Ancona, Italy
| | - O Diez
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, KR 7 # 40-62, Bogota D.C., Colombia
| | - M Ojeda
- Department of Nutrition and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, KR 7 # 40-62, Bogota D.C., Colombia
| | - R Gagliardi
- Department of Agricultural, Food, and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131, Ancona, Italy
| | - L Parra
- Department of Nutrition and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, KR 7 # 40-62, Bogota D.C., Colombia
| | - M Angel
- Department of Nutrition and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, KR 7 # 40-62, Bogota D.C., Colombia
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Yadav R, Yadav BS, Yadav RB. Effect of Heat Processing Treatments and Extraction Solvents on the Phenolic Content and Antioxidant Activity of Momordica charantia
Fruit. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.13037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roshanlal Yadav
- Department of Food Technology; Maharshi Dayanand University; Rohtak Haryana India
| | - Baljeet S. Yadav
- Department of Food Technology; Maharshi Dayanand University; Rohtak Haryana India
| | - Ritika B. Yadav
- Department of Food Technology; Maharshi Dayanand University; Rohtak Haryana India
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Shanmugasundaram D, Duraiswamy A, Viswanathan A, Sasikumar CS, Cherian SM, Cherian KM. Development of an antidiabetic polyherbal formulation (ADPHF6) and assessment of its antioxidant activity against ROS-induced damage in pUC19 and human lymphocytes - an in vitro study. JOURNAL OF COMPLEMENTARY & INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2016; 13:267-274. [PMID: 27352446 DOI: 10.1515/jcim-2015-0028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2015] [Accepted: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polyherbalism, an alternative natural-based therapy for various disorders, has been quoted about 1,300 years before in Sharangdhar Samhita. Herbal-based combination therapy stages a vital role for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and associated complications. The present study aims at developing an Ayurvedic-based polyherbal formulation (ADPHF6) and the assessing its antidiabetic and antioxidant property. METHODS ADPHF6 polyherbal formulation was measured for phytochemical components by qualitative methods. The polyherbal formulation was quantitatively estimated for its phytochemical constituents, i. e. total phenol and flavonoid content. Further, the antioxidant property of ADPHF6 formulation was evaluated by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate (DPPH) radical scavenging assay, hydrogen peroxide radical scavenging assay and metal chelating assay. α-Amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities of polyherbal formulation were also assessed. ADPHF6 was further analysed for its protective antioxidant property against reactive oxygen species (ROS‾)-induced damage in human lymphocyte DNA and pUC19 plasmid. RESULTS ADPHF6 polyherbal formulation revealed the presence of phytochemical constituents such as alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, tannins, terpenoids, saponins and cardiac glycosides in significant levels. Further, it also measured the higher levels of total phenols (473.3±3.05 mg/g) and flavonoid (664±5.29 mg/g) content. Polyherbal formulation also exhibited IC50 values of 49.9±0.15, 65.1±0.10 and 60.1±0.05 mg/mL for 2,2- diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate (DPPH), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and Fe2+ radical scavenging activities, respectively. ADPHF6 revealed an inhibitory activity (IC50) of 0.67±0.01 and 0.81±0.01 mg/mL for α-amylase and glucosidase, respectively. Pre-treated human peripheral blood lymphocytes with ADPHF6 aqueous extract illustrated enhanced protection against ROS-mediated damage as compared with post-treated groups. DNA nicking assay rendered protective activity against the OH¯ radical-induced DNA damage in supercoiled pUC19 plasmid. CONCLUSIONS Our present study demonstrates that ADPHF6 offers potent inhibitory activity against free radicals as well as digestive enzymes. However, studies should be conducted using in vivo model to further elucidate the effect against free radicals and its anti-hyperglycaemic activity in the management of non-insulin-dependent diabetes.
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Aljohi A, Matou-Nasri S, Ahmed N. Antiglycation and Antioxidant Properties of Momordica charantia. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0159985. [PMID: 27513747 PMCID: PMC4981456 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0159985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The accumulation of advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs) and oxidative stress underlie the pathogenesis of diabetic complications. In many developing countries, diabetes treatment is unaffordable, and plants such as bitter gourd (or bitter melon; Momordica charantia) are used as traditional remedies because they exhibit hypoglycaemic properties. This study compared the antiglycation and antioxidant properties of aqueous extracts of M. charantia pulp (MCP), flesh (MCF) and charantin in vitro. Lysozyme was mixed with methylglyoxal and 0–15 mg/ml of M. charantia extracts in a pH 7.4 buffer and incubated at 37°C for 3 days. Crosslinked AGEs were assessed using gel electrophoresis, and the carboxymethyllysine (CML) content was analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. The antioxidant activities of the extracts were evaluated using assays to assess DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl) and hydroxyl radical scavenging activities, metal-chelating activity and reducing power of the extracts. The phenolic, flavonol and flavonoid content of the extracts were also determined. All extracts inhibited the formation of crosslinked AGEs and CML in a dose-dependent manner, with MCF being the most potent. The antioxidant activity of MCF was higher than that of MCP, but MCP showed the highest metal-chelating activity. MCF had the highest phenolic and flavonoid contents, whereas MCP had the highest flavonol content. M. charantia has hypoglycaemic effects, but this study shows that M. charantia extracts are also capable of preventing AGE formation in vitro. This activity may be due to the antioxidant properties, particularly the total phenolic content of the extracts. Thus, the use of M. charantia deserves more attention, as it may not only reduce hyperglycaemia but also protect against the build-up of tissue AGEs and reduce oxidative stress in patients with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Aljohi
- School of Healthcare Science, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Sabine Matou-Nasri
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Medical Genomics Research Department, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nessar Ahmed
- School of Healthcare Science, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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Santos SAO, Vilela C, Camacho JF, Cordeiro N, Gouveia M, Freire CSR, Silvestre AJD. Profiling of lipophilic and phenolic phytochemicals of four cultivars from cherimoya (Annona cherimola Mill.). Food Chem 2016; 211:845-52. [PMID: 27283704 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.05.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2016] [Revised: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 05/18/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The lipophilic and phenolic extractives of the ripe mesocarp of four cherimoya cultivars ('Perry Vidal', 'Mateus I', 'Mateus III' and 'Funchal') from Madeira Island, were studied for the first time. The predominant lipophilic compounds are kaurene diterpenes (42.2-59.6%), fatty acids (18.0-35.6%) and sterols (9.6-23.7%). Kaur-16-en-19-oic acid is the major lipophilic component of all cultivars accounting between 554 and 1350mgkg(-1) of dry material. The studied fruits also contain a high variety of flavan-3-ols, including galloylated and non-galloylated compounds. Five phenolic compounds were identified for the first time: catechin, (epi)catechin-(epi)gallocatechin, (epi)gallocatechin, (epi)afzelechin-(epi)catechin and procyanidin tetramer. 'Mateus I' and 'Mateus III' cultivars present the highest content of phenolic compounds (6299 and 9603mgkg(-1) of dry weight, respectively). These results support the use of this fruit as a rich source of health-promoting components, with the capacity to prevent or delay the progress of oxidative-stress related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sónia A O Santos
- CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Carla Vilela
- CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - João F Camacho
- Faculty of Exact Science and Engineering, University of Madeira, 9000-390 Funchal, Portugal
| | - Nereida Cordeiro
- Faculty of Exact Science and Engineering, University of Madeira, 9000-390 Funchal, Portugal
| | - Manuela Gouveia
- Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Madeira, 9000-390 Funchal, Portugal
| | - Carmen S R Freire
- CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Armando J D Silvestre
- CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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Radical-Scavenging Activity and Ferric Reducing Ability of Juniperus thurifera (L.), J. oxycedrus (L.), J. phoenicea (L.) and Tetraclinis articulata (L.). Adv Pharmacol Sci 2016; 2016:6392656. [PMID: 27293428 PMCID: PMC4884791 DOI: 10.1155/2016/6392656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 04/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective. The aim of this work is to study and compare the antioxidant properties and phenolic contents of aqueous leaf extracts of Juniperus thurifera, Juniperus oxycedrus, Juniperus Phoenicea, and Tetraclinis articulata from Morocco. Methods. Antioxidant activities of the extracts were evaluated by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical-scavenging ability, Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC), and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays. Also the total phenolic and flavonoids contents of the extracts were determined spectrophotometrically. Results. All the extracts showed interesting antioxidant activities compared to the standard antioxidants (butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), quercetin, and Trolox). The aqueous extract of Juniperus oxycedrus showed the highest antioxidant activity as measured by DPPH, TEAC, and FRAP assays with IC50 values of 17.91 ± 0.37 μg/mL, 19.80 ± 0.55 μg/mL, and 24.23 ± 0.07 μg/mL, respectively. The strong correlation observed between antioxidant capacities and their total phenolic contents indicated that phenolic compounds were a major contributor to antioxidant properties of these plants extracts. Conclusion. These results suggest that the aqueous extracts of Juniperus thurifera, Juniperus oxycedrus, Juniperus phoenicea, and Tetraclinis articulata can constitute a promising new source of natural compounds with antioxidants ability.
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Baskaran R, Pullencheri D, Somasundaram R. Characterization of free, esterified and bound phenolics in custard apple (Annona squamosa L) fruit pulp by UPLC-ESI-MS/MS. Food Res Int 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2016.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Rodríguez JC, Gómez D, Pacetti D, Núñez O, Gagliardi R, Frega NG, Ojeda ML, Loizzo MR, Tundis R, Lucci P. Effects of the Fruit Ripening Stage on Antioxidant Capacity, Total Phenolics, and Polyphenolic Composition of Crude Palm Oil from Interspecific Hybrid Elaeis oleifera × Elaeis guineensis. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2016; 64:852-859. [PMID: 26752619 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b04990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, we assessed for the first time the changes in the antioxidant capacity, total phenolic content, and polyphenolic composition of interspecific hybrid palm oil extracted from Elaeis oleifera × Elaeis guineensis (O × G, Coari × La Mé cultivar) during the fruit ripening process 18, 20, 22, and 24 weeks after anthesis. A progressive decrease (p < 0.05) of phenolic content occurred during fruit development together with marked changes in polyphenol profiles. Significant negative correlations were established between antioxidant activity measured by TEAC (R = -0.954; p < 0.05) and ORAC (R = -0.745; p < 0.05) and the fruit ripening stage, while a positive correlation between total phenolic content was found using either the TEAC assay or the ORAC assay. The highest DPPH radical scavenging activity was also obtained with oils extracted at 18 WAA. These results highlight that O × G fruits of early ripeness represent a better source of phenolic compounds and may provide extracts with higher antioxidant activities when hybrid palm oil is aimed to be used as a functional ingredient for the development of food or food products with antioxidant properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanita C Rodríguez
- Department of Nutrition and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana , Bogota D.C., Colombia
| | - Daniela Gómez
- Department of Nutrition and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana , Bogota D.C., Colombia
| | - Deborah Pacetti
- Department of Agricultural, Food, and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche , Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Oscar Núñez
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Barcelona , Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Research Institute in Food Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA), University of Barcelona , Barcelona, Spain
| | - Riccardo Gagliardi
- Department of Agricultural, Food, and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche , Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Natale G Frega
- Department of Agricultural, Food, and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche , Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Myriam L Ojeda
- Department of Nutrition and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana , Bogota D.C., Colombia
| | - Monica R Loizzo
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria , Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
| | - Rosa Tundis
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria , Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
| | - Paolo Lucci
- Department of Food Science, University of Udine , via Sondrio 2/a, 33100 Udine, Italy
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Guo Y, Ni Y, Kokot S. Evaluation of chemical components and properties of the jujube fruit using near infrared spectroscopy and chemometrics. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2016; 153:79-86. [PMID: 26296251 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2015.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2015] [Revised: 08/02/2015] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) calibrations were developed for the discrimination of spectra of the jujube (Zizyphus jujuba Mill.) fruit samples from four geographical regions. Prediction models were developed for the quantitative prediction of the contents of jujube fruit, i.e., total sugar, total acid, total phenolic content, and total antioxidant activity. Four pattern recognition methods, principal component analysis (PCA), linear discriminant analysis (LDA), least squares-support vector machines (LS-SVM), and back propagation-artificial neural networks (BP-ANN), were used for the geographical origin classification. Furthermore, three multivariate calibration models based on the standard normal variate (SNV) pretreated NIR spectroscopy, partial least squares (PLS), BP-ANN, and LS-SVM were constructed for quantitative analysis of the four analytes described above. PCA provided a useful qualitative plot of the four types of NIR spectra from the fruit. The LS-SVM model produced best quantitative prediction results. Thus, NIR spectroscopy in conjunction with chemometrics, is a very useful and rapid technique for the discrimination of jujube fruit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Guo
- College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Yongnian Ni
- College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China; State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China.
| | - Serge Kokot
- School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Science and Engineering Faculty, QLD University of Technology, Brisbane 4001, Australia.
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Toledo del Árbol J, Pérez Pulido R, Grande Burgos MJ, Gálvez A, Lucas López R. Inactivation of leuconostocs in cherimoya pulp by high hydrostatic pressure treatments applied singly or in combination with enterocin AS-48. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2015.09.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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63
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Menichini F, Tundis R, Loizzo MR, Bonesi M, D’Angelo D, Lombardi P, Mastellone V. Citrus medica L. cv Diamante (Rutaceae) peel extract improves glycaemic status of Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats and protects against oxidative stress. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2015; 31:1270-6. [DOI: 10.3109/14756366.2015.1115400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Menichini
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy and
| | - Rosa Tundis
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy and
| | - Monica R. Loizzo
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy and
| | - Marco Bonesi
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy and
| | - Danila D’Angelo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Pietro Lombardi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Mastellone
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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64
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Evaluation of chemical profile and antioxidant activity of twenty cultivars from Capsicum annuum, Capsicum baccatum, Capsicum chacoense and Capsicum chinense: A comparison between fresh and processed peppers. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2015.06.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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65
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Identification and quantification of phenolic and other polar compounds in the edible part of Annona cherimola and its by-products by HPLC-DAD-ESI-QTOF-MS. Food Res Int 2015; 78:246-257. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2015.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Revised: 10/01/2015] [Accepted: 10/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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66
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Loizzo MR, Pacetti D, Lucci P, Núñez O, Menichini F, Frega NG, Tundis R. Prunus persica var. platycarpa (Tabacchiera Peach): Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Activity of Pulp, Peel and Seed Ethanolic Extracts. PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2015; 70:331-7. [PMID: 26138775 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-015-0498-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
A comparative analysis of ethanol extracts from peel, pulp and seed of Prunus persica var. platycarpa (Tabacchiera peach) was done. The total phenol, flavonoid and carotenoid content as well as the antioxidant properties by using different in vitro assays (DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, Fe-chelating, β-carotene bleaching test) were evaluated. Pulp extract was subjected to liquid chromatography-electrospray-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS/MS). Gallic acid, protocatechuic acid, protocatechualdehyde, chlorogenic acid, p-coumaric acid, and ferulic acid were identified as main constituents. Pulp extract was characterized by the highest total phytonutrients content and exhibited the highest antioxidant activity in all in vitro assays (IC(50) values of 2.2 μg/mL after 60 min of incubation by using β-carotene bleaching test and 2.9 μg/mL by using Fe-chelating assay). Overall, the obtained results suggest that P. persica var. platycarpa displays a good antioxidant activity and its consumption could be promoted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica R Loizzo
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036, Rende, CS, Italy
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Trifolium pratense and T. repens (Leguminosae): Edible Flower Extracts as Functional Ingredients. Foods 2015; 4:338-348. [PMID: 28231209 PMCID: PMC5224539 DOI: 10.3390/foods4030338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2015] [Revised: 08/17/2015] [Accepted: 08/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Trifolium pratense (red clover) and T. repens (white clover) edible flowers were investigated for their chemical profile and health properties. The total phenols and flavonoids contents were evaluated. Quercetin, kaempferol, luteolin, rutin, and myricetin were used as markers and quantified by HPLC. The antioxidant effects were investigated by using different in vitro assays. Moreover, α-amylase, α-glucosidase and lipase inhibitory activities were evaluated. T. repens flowers extract showed a good radical scavenging activity in both DPPH and ABTS tests with IC50 values of 10.3 and 21.4 μg/mL, respectively. White clover extract demonstrated promising α-amylase and lipase inhibitory activities with IC50 values of 25.0 and 1.3 μg/mL, respectively. The obtained results support the use of Trifolium flowers as healthy food ingredients.
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Loizzo MR, Pugliese A, Bonesi M, Tenuta MC, Menichini F, Xiao J, Tundis R. Edible Flowers: A Rich Source of Phytochemicals with Antioxidant and Hypoglycemic Properties. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2015; 64:2467-74. [PMID: 26270801 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b03092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Edible flowers are receiving renewed interest as rich sources of bioactive compounds. Ethanol extracts of eight edible flowers were phytochemically characterized and investigated for their bioactivity. Rutin, quercetin, luteolin, kaempferol, and myricetin were selected as standards and quantified by HPLC. The fatty acid profile was analyzed by GC and GC-MS. Antioxidant properties were evaluated by using different in vitro tests. The hypoglycemic effects were investigated via the inhibition of α-amylase and α-glucosidase. Sambucus nigra exhibited the highest radical-scavenging activity (IC50 of 1.4 μg/mL), followed by Hedysarum coronarium (IC50 of 1.6 μg/mL). Both species contained high quercetin and rutin contents. S. nigra extract exerted the highest activity in preventing lipid oxidation. Malva sylvestris extract inhibited both α-amylase and α-glucosidase with IC50 values of 7.8 and 11.3 μg/mL, respectively. These findings support the consumption of edible flowers as functional foods and their use as sources of natural antioxidants by the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Rosa Loizzo
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria , 87036 Rende, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Alessandro Pugliese
- Department of Food Science, University of Parma , Parco Area delle Scienze, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Marco Bonesi
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria , 87036 Rende, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Maria Concetta Tenuta
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria , 87036 Rende, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Francesco Menichini
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria , 87036 Rende, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University , Taipa, Macau.,Institut für Pharmazie und Lebensmittelchemie, Universität Würzburg , Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Rosa Tundis
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria , 87036 Rende, Cosenza, Italy
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Zengin G, Locatelli M, Ceylan R, Aktumsek A. Anthraquinone profile, antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory effect of root extracts of eight Asphodeline taxa from Turkey: can Asphodeline roots be considered as a new source of natural compounds? J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.3109/14756366.2015.1063623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Gokhan Zengin
- Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey,
| | - Marcello Locatelli
- Department of Pharmacy, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy, and
- Interuniversity Consortium of Structural and Systems Biology, Roma, Italy
| | - Ramazan Ceylan
- Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey,
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Loizzo MR, Marrelli M, Pugliese A, Conforti F, Nadjafi F, Menichini F, Tundis R. Crocus cancellatus subsp. damascenus stigmas: chemical profile, and inhibition of α-amylase, α-glucosidase and lipase, key enzymes related to type 2 diabetes and obesity. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2015; 31:212-8. [PMID: 25792502 DOI: 10.3109/14756366.2015.1016510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Spices are appreciated for their medicinal properties besides their use as food adjuncts to enhance the sensory quality of food. In this study, Crocus cancellatus subsp. damascenus was investigated for its antioxidant activities employing different in vitro systems. Stigma extract demonstrated a radical scavenging activity against both 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) radicals with IC50 values of 34.6 and 21.6 µg/mL and a good ferric reducing ability (53.9 µM Fe(II)/g). In order to clarify the potential functional properties of this spice, the carbohydrate-hydrolysing enzymes and pancreatic lipase inhibitory properties were investigated. Crocus cancellatus subsp. damascenus extract inhibited α-amylase and α-glucosidase with IC50 values of 57.1 and 68.6 µg/mL, respectively. The bioactivity was discussed in terms of phytochemicals content. The obtained results may be of interest from a functional point of view or as food additive and to promote the revalorization of this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica R Loizzo
- a Department of Pharmacy , Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria , Rende (CS) , Italy
| | - Mariangela Marrelli
- a Department of Pharmacy , Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria , Rende (CS) , Italy
| | - Alessandro Pugliese
- b Department of Food Sciences , University of Parma , Parco Area delle Scienze 47/A, Parma , Italy , and
| | - Filomena Conforti
- a Department of Pharmacy , Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria , Rende (CS) , Italy
| | - Farsad Nadjafi
- c School of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad , Mashhad , Iran
| | - Francesco Menichini
- a Department of Pharmacy , Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria , Rende (CS) , Italy
| | - Rosa Tundis
- a Department of Pharmacy , Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria , Rende (CS) , Italy
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Lucci P, Pacetti D, Loizzo MR, Frega NG. Punica granatum cv. Dente di Cavallo seed ethanolic extract: Antioxidant and antiproliferative activities. Food Chem 2015; 167:475-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.06.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2014] [Revised: 05/21/2014] [Accepted: 06/30/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Pérez Pulido R, Toledo J, Grande MJ, Gálvez A, Lucas R. Analysis of the effect of high hydrostatic pressure treatment and enterocin AS-48 addition on the bacterial communities of cherimoya pulp. Int J Food Microbiol 2014; 196:62-9. [PMID: 25528726 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2014.11.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2014] [Revised: 11/22/2014] [Accepted: 11/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, pulp obtained from cherimoya pulp (Annona cherimola) was inoculated with epiphytic microbiota collected from cherimoya fruits, and supplemented or not with the circular bacteriocin enterocin AS-48 (50μg/g) and then packed under vacuum. Samples supplemented or not with enterocin were treated by high hydrostatic pressure (600MPa, 8min) and then stored at 5°C for 30days. The single AS-48 treatment only delayed microbial growth non-significantly (p>0.05). HHP treatment reduced microbial counts by five log cycles, but it did not prevent further growth of survivors by day 7. The combined treatment (AS-48+HHP) was the most effective, keeping bacterial cell densities at ≤1.5 log CFU/g for up to 15days. 16S rRNA gene pyrosequencing analysis was done on amplicon libraries from the growth on TSA plates seeded with ten-fold dilutions of pulp suspensions and incubated at 22°C for 24h. The results obtained are limited by the experimental conditions used in the study, and only concern the bacterial fraction that was selected by the TSA and growth conditions used. Pantoea (Pantoea agglomerans, Pantoea vagans) were the operational taxonomic units (OTUs) detected at highest relative abundance in bacterial biomass grown from control samples for the first 7days of storage, followed by Enterococcus gallinarum and Leuconostoc mesenteroides during late storage. The single HHP treatment significantly reduced the relative abundance of OTUs belonging to Pantoea and strongly increased that of endosporeformers (mainly Bacillus firmus and Bacillus stratosphericus) early after treatment, although Pantoea became again the predominant OTUs during storage. Samples singly treated with enterocin AS-48 revealed a strong inhibition of E. gallinarum as well as an early decrease in the relative abundance of Pantoea and an increased relative abundance of OTUs belonging to other Gram-negative species (mainly from genera Serratia and Pseudomonas). The strong microbial inactivation achieved by the combined treatment with enterocin and HHP reduced the levels of viable cells below detectable limits at days 0 and 1, and survivors recovered on TSA at day 7 were represented in >99% by B. firmus OTU. OTUs from endosporeformers were no longer detected during prolonged incubation, displaced by Pantoea spp., Erwinia billingiae and leuconostocs. Results from the present study indicate that HHP in combination with enterocin AS-48 is more effective in preserving the microbiological quality of cherimoya pulp during storage than the single HHP treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubén Pérez Pulido
- Área de Microbiología, Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Facultad de Ciencias Experimentales, Universidad de Jaén, 23071-Jaén, Spain
| | - Julia Toledo
- Área de Microbiología, Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Facultad de Ciencias Experimentales, Universidad de Jaén, 23071-Jaén, Spain
| | - M José Grande
- Área de Microbiología, Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Facultad de Ciencias Experimentales, Universidad de Jaén, 23071-Jaén, Spain
| | - Antonio Gálvez
- Área de Microbiología, Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Facultad de Ciencias Experimentales, Universidad de Jaén, 23071-Jaén, Spain.
| | - Rosario Lucas
- Área de Microbiología, Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Facultad de Ciencias Experimentales, Universidad de Jaén, 23071-Jaén, Spain
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Spínola V, Pinto J, Castilho PC. Identification and quantification of phenolic compounds of selected fruits from Madeira Island by HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS(n) and screening for their antioxidant activity. Food Chem 2014; 173:14-30. [PMID: 25465990 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.09.163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2013] [Revised: 09/05/2014] [Accepted: 09/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Five fruits species commonly cultivated and consumed in Madeira Island (Portugal) were investigated for their phenolic profile by means of reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to diode array detection and electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry (HPLC-DAD-ESI/MS(n)) and antioxidant potential. A large number of compounds were characterised, flavonoids and phenolic acids being the major components found in target samples, 39 compounds (flavonoids, phenolic acids, terpenoids, cyanogenic glycosides and organic acids) were identified in cherimoyas, lemons, papayas, passion-fruits and strawberries for the first time. Furthermore, all samples were systematically analysed for their total phenolic and flavonoid contents along with two radical scavenging methods (ABTS and ORAC) for antioxidant activity measurement. Target fruits presented high phenolic contents which is responsible for most of the antioxidant activity against radical reactive species (R(2)>0.80). Quantitative data showed that anthocyanins, in particular pelargonidin-3-O-hexoside (>300 mg/100 mL), present only in strawberries were the compounds in largest amounts but are the ones which contribute less to the antioxidant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vítor Spínola
- Centro de Química da Madeira (CQM), Centro de Ciências Exactas e da Engenharia da Universidade da Madeira, Campus Universitário da Penteada, 9000-390 Funchal, Portugal
| | - Joana Pinto
- Centro de Química da Madeira (CQM), Centro de Ciências Exactas e da Engenharia da Universidade da Madeira, Campus Universitário da Penteada, 9000-390 Funchal, Portugal
| | - Paula C Castilho
- Centro de Química da Madeira (CQM), Centro de Ciências Exactas e da Engenharia da Universidade da Madeira, Campus Universitário da Penteada, 9000-390 Funchal, Portugal.
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Loizzo MR, Tundis R, Menichini F, Duthie G. Anti-rancidity effect of essential oils, application in the lipid stability of cooked turkey meat patties and potential implications for health. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2014; 66:50-7. [DOI: 10.3109/09637486.2014.953454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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75
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Iauk L, Acquaviva R, Mastrojeni S, Amodeo A, Pugliese M, Ragusa M, Loizzo MR, Menichini F, Tundis R. Antibacterial, antioxidant and hypoglycaemic effects ofThymus capitatus(L.) Hoffmanns. et Link leaves' fractions. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2014; 30:360-5. [DOI: 10.3109/14756366.2014.930453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Albuquerque TG, Santos F, Sanches-Silva A, Beatriz Oliveira M, Bento AC, Costa HS. Nutritional and phytochemical composition of Annona cherimola Mill. fruits and by-products: Potential health benefits. Food Chem 2014; 193:187-95. [PMID: 26433307 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.06.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2014] [Revised: 05/25/2014] [Accepted: 06/08/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Annona cherimola Mill., commonly known as cherimoya, is a tropical fruit well known due to its tasty flavour. In the present study the antioxidant activity of pulp, peel and seeds of four cultivars from A. cherimola Mill. from Madeira Island (Madeira, Funchal, Perry Vidal and Mateus II) was analysed. Moreover, nutritional composition (proximates and vitamins) and bioactive compounds content were determined. The peel of Madeira cultivar showed the highest antioxidant capacity, with an EC50 of 0.97mg/mL, and total flavonoids (44.7 epicatechin equivalents/100g). The most abundant carotenoid was lutein, with values ranging from 129 to 232μg/100g. The highest l-ascorbic acid content (4.41mg/100g) was found in the peel of Perry Vidal cultivar. These results highlight A. cherimola Mill. antioxidant properties, especially in its by-products and encourage their application in cosmetic, pharmaceutical and food processing industries, as added value natural extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tânia Gonçalves Albuquerque
- Research and Development Unit, Department of Food and Nutrition, National Institute of Health Dr. Ricardo Jorge, I.P., Av. Padre Cruz, 1649-016 Lisbon, Portugal; REQUIMTE/Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade do Porto, R. Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Filipa Santos
- Research and Development Unit, Department of Food and Nutrition, National Institute of Health Dr. Ricardo Jorge, I.P., Av. Padre Cruz, 1649-016 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ana Sanches-Silva
- Research and Development Unit, Department of Food and Nutrition, National Institute of Health Dr. Ricardo Jorge, I.P., Av. Padre Cruz, 1649-016 Lisbon, Portugal; Centro de Estudos de Ciência Animal (CECA), Universidade do Porto, R.D. Manuel II, Apartado 55142, 4051-401 Porto, Portugal
| | - M Beatriz Oliveira
- REQUIMTE/Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade do Porto, R. Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Cristina Bento
- Research and Development Unit, Department of Food and Nutrition, National Institute of Health Dr. Ricardo Jorge, I.P., Av. Padre Cruz, 1649-016 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Helena S Costa
- Research and Development Unit, Department of Food and Nutrition, National Institute of Health Dr. Ricardo Jorge, I.P., Av. Padre Cruz, 1649-016 Lisbon, Portugal; REQUIMTE/Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade do Porto, R. Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
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Nagarani G, Abirami A, Nikitha P, Siddhuraju P. Effect of hydrothermal processing on total polyphenolics and antioxidant potential of underutilized leafy vegetables, Boerhaavia diffusa and Portulaca oleracea. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2014; 4:S468-77. [PMID: 25183131 PMCID: PMC4025293 DOI: 10.12980/apjtb.4.2014c1108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2014] [Accepted: 02/28/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of different processing methods on antioxidant properties of acetone extract of aerial parts from Boerhaavia diffusa and Portulaca oleracea. METHODS The total phenolic and flavonoid contents were determined by Folin-Ciocalteau and aluminum chloride method, respectively. FRAP, metal chelating activity, DPPH, ABTS, nitric oxide, hydroxyl and superoxide radical scavenging activities, carotene/linoleic acid bleaching activity were used for the determination of antioxidant capacity. RESULTS The total phenolics in Boerhaavia diffusa (82.79-162.80 mg GAE/g extract) were found to be higher when compared to that of Portulaca oleracea (22.94-10.02 mg GAE/g extract). Hydrothermal processing enhanced the level of inhibition on synthetic radicals such as DPPH (3 439-309 549 mmol TE/g extract) and ABTS (17 808-53 818 mmol TE/g extract) as well as biologically relevant radicals such as superoxide anion (70%-90%) and nitric oxide (49%-57%). In addition, boiling of the vegetables were found to be maximum capacity of FRAP (6 404.95 mmol Fe (II)/g extract) and metal chelating activity (1.53 mg EDTA/g extract) than the respective raw samples. CONCLUSIONS The present investigation suggests that the processing enhance the functionality and improves the availability of bioactive substances of these vegetables. In addition, they also exhibited more potent antioxidant activity. Therefore these natural weeds from the crop land ecosystem could be suggested as cost effective indigenous green vegetables for human diet and potential feed resources for animals. Further extensive studies on role and importance of those weeds in sustaining the agro biodiversity are also needed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Perumal Siddhuraju
- *Corresponding author: Dr Perumal Siddhuraju, Reader, Bioresource Technology Lab, School of Life Sciences, Department of Environmental Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore-641046, Tamilnadu, India. Tel: +91 422 2428394. Fax: +91 4222422 387 E-mail:
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Aqueous extract of Annona macroprophyllata: a potential α-glucosidase inhibitor. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 2013:591313. [PMID: 24298552 PMCID: PMC3835905 DOI: 10.1155/2013/591313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2013] [Accepted: 07/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Annona genus contains plants used in folk medicine for the treatment of diabetes. In the present study, an aqueous extract prepared from Annona macroprophyllata (Annonaceae, also known as A. diversifolia) leaves was evaluated on both the activity of yeast α -glucosidase (an in vitro assay) and sucrose tolerance in Wistar rats. The results have shown that the aqueous extract from A. macroprophyllata inhibits the yeast α -glucosidase with an IC₅₀ = 1.18 mg/mL, in a competitive manner with a K(i) = 0.97 mg/mL, a similar value to that of acarbose (K(i) = 0.79 mg/mL). The inhibitory activity of A. macroprophyllata was reinforced by its antihyperglycemic effect, at doses of 100, 300, and 500 mg/kg in rats. Chromatographic analysis identified the flavonoids rutin and isoquercitrin in the most polar fractions of A. macroprophyllata crude extract, suggesting that these flavonoids are part of the active constituents in the plant. Our results support the use of A. macroprophyllata in Mexican folk medicine to control postprandial glycemia in people with diabetes mellitus, involving active constituents of flavonoid nature.
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Menichini F, Losi L, Bonesi M, Pugliese A, Loizzo MR, Tundis R. Chemical profiling and in vitro biological effects of Cardiospermum halicacabum L. (Sapindaceae) aerial parts and seeds for applications in neurodegenerative disorders. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2013; 29:677-85. [PMID: 24102527 DOI: 10.3109/14756366.2013.840614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiospermum halicacabum is widely used in traditional medicine. Previous studies have focused on the aerial parts, while the seeds have been poorly investigated. This work aimed to analyse the chemical composition of extracts from aerial parts and seeds obtained using Naviglio and Soxhlet (PN, PS, and SN, SS, respectively), the inhibitory properties against tyrosinase, acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) and the antioxidant effects. PN total extract showed significant anti-tyrosinase activity (IC50 value of 10.8 µg/mL). After partitioning with n-hexane, an HPLC method for analysing chemical constituents was established. Apigenin, luteolin, and apigenin-7-O-glucoside are the predominant constituents. SN n-hexane fraction was the most active inhibitor of BChE (IC50 of 57.9 µg/mL). Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis revealed fatty acids, including eicosanoic acid, methyl 11-eicosenoate and oleic acid, as the major constituents. These findings suggest the potentiality of both seeds and aerial parts of C. halicacabum in the treatment of neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Menichini
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria , I-87036 Rende (CS) , Italy and
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Jemia MB, Tundis R, Maggio A, Rosselli S, Senatore F, Menichini F, Bruno M, Kchouk M, Loizzo M. NMR-based quantification of rosmarinic and carnosic acids, GC–MS profile and bioactivity relevant to neurodegenerative disorders of Rosmarinus officinalis L. extracts. J Funct Foods 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2013.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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81
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Jallali I, Zaouali Y, Missaoui I, Smeoui A, Abdelly C, Ksouri R. Variability of antioxidant and antibacterial effects of essential oils and acetonic extracts of two edible halophytes: Crithmum maritimum L. and Inula crithmoїdes L. Food Chem 2013; 145:1031-8. [PMID: 24128580 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.09.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2013] [Revised: 09/01/2013] [Accepted: 09/05/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
This work aimed to assess the richness of the food halophytes Crithmum maritimum and Inula crithmoїdes on phenolics and essential oils (EOs) and to evaluate the antioxidant and antibacterial potential of these metabolites. Results displayed that extract of I. crithmoїdes possesses considerable contents of phenolic compounds (14.1mg GAE.g⁻¹ DW) related to important antioxidant activities (IC₅₀ = 13 μg ml⁻¹ for the DPPH test) as compared to C. maritimum. C. maritimum EOs composition is dominated by oxygenated monoterpenes, while I. crithmoїdes one is mainly consisted by monoterpene hydrocarbons. EOs have low antioxidant activity as compared to acetone extracts; nevertheless, they show best antimicrobial activity. A significant variability is also depicted between the provenances of each species and depended on the chemical nature of antioxidant and antibacterial molecules as well as the used tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Jallali
- Laboratoire des Plantes Extrêmophiles, Centre de Biotechnologie à la Technopole de Borj Cédria (CBBC), BP 901, 2050 Hammam-lif, Tunisia.
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Loizzo MR, Ben Jemia M, Senatore F, Bruno M, Menichini F, Tundis R. Chemistry and functional properties in prevention of neurodegenerative disorders of five Cistus species essential oils. Food Chem Toxicol 2013; 59:586-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2013.06.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2013] [Revised: 06/07/2013] [Accepted: 06/21/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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83
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Najafian L, Jafarzade M, Said M, Babji AS. Biochemical properties and antioxidant activity of myofibrillar protein hydrolysates obtained from patin ( Pangasius sutchi). Int J Food Sci Technol 2013. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.12162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leila Najafian
- School of Chemical Sciences and Food Technology; Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia; 43600; Bangi; Selangor; Malaysia
| | - Mahtab Jafarzade
- School of Bioscience and Biotechnology; Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia; 43600; Bangi; Selangor; Malaysia
| | - Mamot Said
- School of Chemical Sciences and Food Technology; Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia; 43600; Bangi; Selangor; Malaysia
| | - Abdul S. Babji
- School of Chemical Sciences and Food Technology; Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia; 43600; Bangi; Selangor; Malaysia
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84
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Dehshiri MM, Aghamollaei H, Zarini M, Nabavi SM, Mirzaei M, Loizzo MR, Nabavi SF. Antioxidant activity of different parts of Tetrataenium lasiopetalum. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2013; 51:1081-1085. [PMID: 23742701 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2013.775594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT In Iranian traditional medicine, different species of the genus Tetrataenium are used as antiseptic, spice and food additives. OBJECTIVE The present study examined the possible antioxidant effects of hydro-alcoholic extracts of different parts of Tetrataenium lasiopetalum (Boiss.) Manden (Apiaceae). MATERIALS AND METHODS Laminas, stems, petioles, fruits, peduncles and flowers of T. lasiopetalum were collected, dried and then extracted by ethanol and water (70:30). Antioxidant activities of extracts were examined by employing different in vitro assays, i.e., 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging, metal chelating, reducing power activities and hemoglobin-induced linoleic acid system. Also, total phenolic and flavonoid contents of the extracts were evaluated. RESULTS Hydro-alcoholic extract of T. lasiopetalum flower showed the highest activity in scavenging of DPPH (IC50 = 170 ± 7 μg/mL). In metal chelating assay, lamina extract possesses a better iron ion chelating activity than other extracts (230 ± 10 μg/mL). Lamina hydro-alcoholic extract demonstrated better activity in reducing the power and hemoglobin-induced linoleic acid system than other parts of T. lasiopetalum. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION These results showed the antioxidant activity of different parts of T. lasiopetalum based on its usage in traditional medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mehdi Dehshiri
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Boroujerd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Boroujerd, Iran
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85
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Loizzo MR, Pugliese A, Bonesi M, De Luca D, O’Brien N, Menichini F, Tundis R. Influence of drying and cooking process on the phytochemical content, antioxidant and hypoglycaemic properties of two bell Capsicum annum L. cultivars. Food Chem Toxicol 2013; 53:392-401. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2012.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2012] [Revised: 12/06/2012] [Accepted: 12/07/2012] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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86
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Xiao ZP, Wang XD, Peng ZY, Huang S, Yang P, Li QS, Zhou LH, Hu XJ, Wu LJ, Zhou Y, Zhu HL. Molecular docking, kinetics study, and structure-activity relationship analysis of quercetin and its analogous as Helicobacter pylori urease inhibitors. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2012; 60:10572-10577. [PMID: 23067328 DOI: 10.1021/jf303393n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
It was disclosed in our group for the first time that the flavonoids in Lonicera japonica Thunb. are related to its therapy for gastric ulcer. Based on this finding, 20 flavonoids were selected for Helicobacter pylori urease inhibitory activity evaluation, and quercetin showed excellent potency with IC(50) of 11.2 ± 0.9 μM. Structure-activity relationship analysis revealed that removal of the 5-, 3-, or 3'-OH in quercetin led to a sharp decrease in activity. Thus, 3- and 5-OH as well as 3',4'-dihydroxyl groups are believed to be the key structural characteristics for active compounds, which was supported by the molecular docking study. Meanwhile, the results obtained from molecular docking and enzymatic kinetics research strongly suggested that quercetin is a noncompetitive urease inhibitor, indicating that quercetin may be able to tolerate extensive structural modification irrespective of the shape of the active site cavity and could be used as a lead candidate for the development of novel urease inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhu-Ping Xiao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Key Laboratory of Hunan Forest Products and Chemical Industry Engineering, Jishou University, Jishou 416000, P. R. China.
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