51
|
Abdel-Zaher AO, Farghaly HSM, El-Refaiy AEM, Abd-Eldayem AM. Protective effect of the standardized extract of ginkgo biloba (EGb761) against hypertension with hypercholesterolemia-induced renal injury in rats: Insights in the underlying mechanisms. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 95:944-955. [PMID: 28915536 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.08.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Revised: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The potential protective role of the standardized leaf extract of ginkgo biloba (EGb761) on hypertension with hypercholesterolemia-induced renal injury was investigated in rats. Hypertension was induced by L-N(G)-nitroarginine methyl ester (L-NAME) and hypercholesterolemia was induced by feeding rats with a diet containing 1% cholesterol. In these animals repeated treatment with EGb761 produced a progressive reduction in the systolic, diastolic and mean arterial blood pressure (BP). EGb761 increased the progressive reduction in the systolic, diastolic and mean arterial BP induced by repeated administration of losartan with simvastatin. EGb761 corrected the compromised serum lipid profile and enhanced the effect of losartan with simvastatin on lipid profile. EGb761 protected against hypertension with hypercholesterolemia-induced renal injury as assessed by measurement of serum renal function markers and by histopathological examination. EGb761 enhanced the renoprotective effect of losartan with simvastatin in these rats. Concomitantly, hypertension with hypercholesterolemia-induced elevation of renal tissue malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitrite levels and reduction of intracellular reduced glutathione (GSH) level were inhibited by repeated treatment with EGb761. In addition, hypertension with hypercholesterolemia-induced increases in tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) levels in renal tissues were inhibited by treatment with EGb761. Also, EGb761 inhibited hypertension with hypercholesterolemia-induced decrease in endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) protein expression and increase in the protein expressions of inducible NO synthase (iNOS), TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β in the kidney tissues. Losartan with simvastatin produced similar effects on renal tissues oxidative stress, nitrite and inflammatory markers levels and on protein expressions of eNOS, iNOS, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β. EGb761 enhanced losartan with simvastatin effects. These results indicate that EGb761 has the ability to protect against hypertension with hypercholesterolemia-induced renal injury. The ability of EGb761 to provide this renoprotective effect may positively correlate, besides its antihypertensive and antihypercholesterolemic effects, to its ability to suppress renal oxidative stress, nitrosative stress and inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed O Abdel-Zaher
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.
| | - Hanan S M Farghaly
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Abeer E M El-Refaiy
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Abd-Eldayem
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
52
|
Maneesai P, Bunbupha S, Kukongviriyapan U, Senggunprai L, Kukongviriyapan V, Prachaney P, Pakdeechote P. Effect of asiatic acid on the Ang II-AT 1R-NADPH oxidase-NF-κB pathway in renovascular hypertensive rats. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2017; 390:1073-1083. [PMID: 28733880 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-017-1408-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Asiatic acid, a triterpenoid compound derived from Centella asiatica, has been demonstrated to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. The present study evaluated the effects of asiatic acid on hemodynamic alterations, renin-angiotensin system (RAS), oxidative stress, and inflammation in 2K-1C hypertensive rats. Renovascular hypertension was induced in male Sprague-Dawley rats and treated with vehicle, asiatic acid (30 mg/kg/day), or captopril (5 mg/kg/day) for 4 weeks. We observed that 2K-1C hypertensive rats exhibited hemodynamic alterations such as high blood pressure, heart rate, hindlimb vascular resistance, and low hindlimb blood flow. Signs of RAS activation, such as increased plasma angiotensin II and serum angiotensin-converting enzyme activity, enhanced AT1R protein expression, and suppressed AT2R expression was observed in 2K-1C hypertensive rats. Overproduction of vascular superoxide, high levels of plasma MDA, low levels of plasma nitric oxide metabolites (NOx), and upregulation of gp91phox protein expression were observed in hypertensive rats. Furthermore, inflammation was observed in hypertensive rats, as evidenced by increased plasma TNF-α, NF-κB, and phospho-NF-κB protein expression. Asiatic acid or captopril alleviated hemodynamic alterations, RAS activation, oxidative stress, and inflammation in 2K-1C hypertensive rats. These findings indicate that asiatic acid is an antihypertensive agent that ameliorates hemodynamic alterations in 2K-1C hypertensive rats. This effect may involve one or both of the following mechanisms: the direct effect of asiatic acid on RAS activation, oxidative stress and inflammation, and/or asiatic acid acting as an ACE inhibitor agent to inhibit the Ang II-AT1R-NADPH oxidase-NF-κB pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Putcharawipa Maneesai
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand.,Cardiovascular Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Sarawoot Bunbupha
- Faculty of Medicine, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham, 44000, Thailand
| | - Upa Kukongviriyapan
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand.,Cardiovascular Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Laddawan Senggunprai
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Veerapol Kukongviriyapan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Parichat Prachaney
- Cardiovascular Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand.,Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Poungrat Pakdeechote
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand. .,Cardiovascular Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand.
| |
Collapse
|
53
|
Boonprom P, Boonla O, Chayaburakul K, Welbat JU, Pannangpetch P, Kukongviriyapan U, Kukongviriyapan V, Pakdeechote P, Prachaney P. Garcinia mangostana pericarp extract protects against oxidative stress and cardiovascular remodeling via suppression of p47 phox and iNOS in nitric oxide deficient rats. Ann Anat 2017; 212:27-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2017.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2017] [Revised: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
54
|
Wang Y, Zhang F, Liu Y, Yin S, Pang X, Li Z, Wei Z. Nebivolol alleviates aortic remodeling through eNOS upregulation and inhibition of oxidative stress in l-NAME-induced hypertensive rats. Clin Exp Hypertens 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/10641963.2017.1306539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, ShanXi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fei Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, ShanXi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, ShanXi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Sha Yin
- Department of Pharmacology, ShanXi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuefen Pang
- Department of Physiology, ShanXi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhidong Li
- Department of Pharmacology, ShanXi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zehui Wei
- Department of Pharmacology, ShanXi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
55
|
Anti-Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor and Anti-Endothelial Cell Antibodies: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Pathological Findings in Allograft Biopsies. Transplantation 2017; 101:608-615. [PMID: 27222934 PMCID: PMC5319389 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000001231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Background This is a cross-sectional study designed to evaluate the histologic characteristics of graft injury in the presence of anti-angiotensin II type 1 receptor antibody (AT1R-Ab) and anti-endothelial cell antibody (AECA). Methods Non-HLA antibody testing was included in the posttransplant evaluation for 70 kidney recipients. Biopsies were performed for cause for 47 patients and as protocol for the remaining 23 patients. Biopsy-proven rejection was defined according to the Banff 2009-2013 criteria. AT1R-Ab was measured on an ELISA platform. Patients were divided into 3 groups based on AT1R-Ab levels (>17, 10-17, and <10 U/ml). AECA was evaluated using an endothelial cell crossmatch (ECXM) in patients whose HLA antibody level was insufficient to cause a positive flow cytometric crossmatch. Results AT1R-Ab levels were higher in patients diagnosed with antibody mediated rejection compared to those with no rejection (P = 0.004). Glomerulitis (g) and peritubular capillaritis (ptc) scores were independently correlated with increased AT1R-Ab concentrations in the presence or absence of HLA-DSA (P = 0.007 and 0.03 for g scores; p = 0.005 and 0.03 for ptc scores). Patients with a positive ECXM had higher AT1R-Ab levels compared to those with a negative ECXM (P = 0.005). Microcirculation inflammation (MCI = g + ptc score) was higher in patients with a positive ECXM and with AT1R-Ab >17 U/ml, although this did not reach statistical significance (P = 0.07). Conclusions The data show an association between non-HLA antibodies detected in the ECXM and AT1R ELISA and microvascular injury observed in antibody mediated rejection. The histologic characteristics of kidney graft injury are examined in terms of the presence of anti-angiotensin II type 1 receptor antibody (AT1R-Ab) and anti-endothelial cell antibody (AECA). The presence of AECA or AT1R-Ab correlates with microvascular injury observed in antibody-mediated rejection.
Collapse
|
56
|
Hu Y, Zhou X, Shi H, Shi W, Ye S, Zhang H. The effect of tripterygium glucoside tablet on pharmacokinetics of losartan and its metabolite EXP3174 in rats. Biomed Chromatogr 2017; 31. [PMID: 28299812 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Revised: 03/04/2017] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Losartan and tripterygium glucoside tablet (TGT) are often simultaneously used for reducing urine protein excretion in clinic. However, it is unknown whether there is potential herb-drug interaction between losartan and TGT. The aim of this study was to investigate their potential herb-drug interaction, and clarify the mechanism of the effect of TGT on the pharmacokinetics of losartan and its metabolite EXP3174 in rats. The plasma concentrations of losartan and EXP3174 were determined by LC-MS, and the main pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated. The Cmax , t1/2 and AUC(0-t) of losartan became larger after co-administration, while the Cmax and AUC(0-t) of EXP3174 became smaller, suggesting that TGT could influence the pharmacokinetics of losartan and EXP3174. The effects of TGT and its main components on the metabolic rate of losartan were further investigated in rat liver microsomes. Results indicated that TGT and its two main ingredients could decrease the metabolic rate of losartan. Therefore, it was speculated that TGT might increase the plasma concentration of losartan and decrease the concentration of EXP3174 by inhibiting the metabolism of losartan. The results could provide references for clinical medication guidance of losartan and TGT to avoid the occurrence of adverse reactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hui Shi
- The 118th Hospital of PLA, Wenzhou, China
| | - Wenyu Shi
- The 118th Hospital of PLA, Wenzhou, China
| | | | - Hai Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
57
|
Wu KLH, Wu CW, Tain YL, Chao YM, Hung CY, Tsai PC, Wang WS, Shih CD. Effects of high fructose intake on the development of hypertension in the spontaneously hypertensive rats: the role of AT 1R/gp91 PHOX signaling in the rostral ventrolateral medulla. J Nutr Biochem 2016; 41:73-83. [PMID: 28063367 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2016.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Revised: 11/11/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Both genetic and dietary factors determine the development of hypertension. Whether dietary factor impacts the development of hereditary hypertension is unknown. Here, we evaluated the effect of daily high-fructose diet (HFD) on the development of hypertension in adolescent spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Six-week-old SHR were randomly divided into two groups to receive HFD or normal diet (ND) for 3 weeks. The temporal profile of systolic blood pressure, alongside the sympathetic vasomotor activity, in the SHR-HFD showed significantly greater increases at 9-12 weeks of age compared with the age-matched SHR-ND group. Immunofluorescence was used to identify the distribution of reactive oxygen species (ROS), oxidants and antioxidants in rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) where sympathetic premotor neurons reside. In RVLM of SHR-HFD, the levels of ROS accumulation and lipid peroxidation were elevated. The changes in protein expression were measured by Western blot. NADPH oxidase subunit gp91phox and angiotensin II type I receptor were up-regulated in RVLM neuron. On the other hand, the expression of extracellular superoxide dismutase was suppressed. Both molecular and hemodynamic changes in the SHR-HFD were rescued by oral pioglitazone treatment from weeks 7 to 9. Furthermore, central infusion with tempol, a ROS scavenger, effectively ameliorated ROS accumulation in RVLM and diminished the heightened pressor response and enhanced sympathetic activity in the SHR-HFD. Together, these results suggest that HFD intake at adolescent SHR may impact the development of hypertension via increasing oxidative stress in RVLM which could be effectively attenuated by pioglitazone treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kay L H Wu
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, 83301, Taiwan, Republic of China; Department of Senior Citizen Services, National Tainan Institute of Nursing, Tainan 700, Taiwan, Republic of China.
| | - Chih-Wei Wu
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, 83301, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - You-Lin Tain
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, 83301, Taiwan, Republic of China; Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yung-Mei Chao
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, 83301, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chun-Ying Hung
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, 83301, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Pei-Chia Tsai
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, 83301, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Wei-Sing Wang
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, 83301, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Cheng-Dean Shih
- Department of Pharmacy, Graduate Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Tajen University, Pingtung County 90741, Taiwan, Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
58
|
Li H, Liu L, Xie L, Gan D, Jiang X. Effects of berberine on the pharmacokinetics of losartan and its metabolite EXP3174 in rats and its mechanism. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2016; 54:2886-2894. [PMID: 27327872 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2016.1190762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2015] [Revised: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Losartan and berberine (BBR) are often simultaneously used for the treatment of senile diabetic nephropathy in clinics. However, the potential herb-drug interaction between losartan and BBR is unknown. OBJECTIVE This study investigates the influence of BBR on the pharmacokinetics of losartan and EXP3174, and investigates the effects of BBR on the metabolic stability of losartan. MATERIALS AND METHODS The pharmacokinetic profiles losartan and EXP3174 of orally administered losartan (10 mg/kg) with and without pretreatment with BBR (20 mg/kg) within 24 h were determined in Sprague-Dawley rats. The inhibitory effects of BBR on the metabolic stability of losartan were investigated using rat liver microsomes. RESULTS The Cmax (1.26 ± 0.37 versus 1.96 ± 0.45 mg/L) and the AUC(0-t) (8.25 ± 0.89 versus 12.70 ± 1.42 mg h/L) of losartan were significantly (p < 0.05) increased by BBR compared to the control, while the Cmax (0.97 ± 0.15 versus 0.77 ± 0.06 mg/L) of EXP3174 was significantly decreased compared to the control (p < 0.05). The Tmax of losartan was prolonged from 0.41 ± 0.12 to 0.52 ± 0.18 h, but the difference was not significant. However, the Tmax of EXP3174 was decreased significantly (p < 0.05) from 8.14 ± 0.36 to 3.33 ± 0.28 h. The metabolic stability of losartan was increased from 37.4 to 59.6 min. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION We infer that BBR might increase the plasma concentration of losartan and decrease the concentration of EXP3174 through inhibiting the activity of CYP3A4 or CYP2C9.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Li
- a Department of Endocrinology , Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine , Shanghai , P.R. China
| | - Lu Liu
- a Department of Endocrinology , Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine , Shanghai , P.R. China
| | - Lei Xie
- b Biliary Tract Surgery Department 1, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital , Second Military Medical University , Shanghai , P.R. China
- c Ningbo Cancer Hospital, Shanghai Wu Meng Chao Cancer Center , Ningbo City , Zhejiang Province , P.R. China
| | - Dongmei Gan
- d Department of Paediatrics , Ningbo Women and Children's Hospital , Ningbo , Zhejiang Province , P.R. China
| | - Xiaoqing Jiang
- b Biliary Tract Surgery Department 1, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital , Second Military Medical University , Shanghai , P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
59
|
Liu B, Yang L, Zhang B, Kuang C, Huang S, Guo R. NF-κB-Dependent Upregulation of NCX1 Induced by Angiotensin II Contributes to Calcium Influx in Rat Aortic Smooth Muscle Cells. Can J Cardiol 2016; 32:1356.e11-1356.e20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2016.02.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2015] [Revised: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
|
60
|
Wang XL, Iwanami J, Min LJ, Tsukuda K, Nakaoka H, Bai HY, Shan BS, Kan-No H, Kukida M, Chisaka T, Yamauchi T, Higaki A, Mogi M, Horiuchi M. Deficiency of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 causes deterioration of cognitive function. NPJ Aging Mech Dis 2016; 2:16024. [PMID: 28721275 PMCID: PMC5515001 DOI: 10.1038/npjamd.2016.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Revised: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/18/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The classical renin–angiotensin system (RAS), known as the angiotensin (Ang)-converting enzyme (ACE)/Ang II/Ang II type 1 (AT1) receptor axis, induces various organ damages including cognitive decline. On the other hand, the ACE2/Ang-(1–7)/Mas receptor axis has been highlighted as exerting antagonistic actions against the classical RAS axis in the cardiovascular system. However, the roles of the ACE2/Ang-(1–7)/Mas axis in cognitive function largely remain to be elucidated, and we therefore examined possible roles of ACE2 in cognitive function. Male, 10-week-old C57BL6 (wild type, WT) mice and ACE2 knockout (KO) mice were subjected to the Morris water maze task and Y maze test to evaluate cognitive function. ACE2KO mice exhibited significant impairment of cognitive function, compared with that in WT mice. Superoxide anion production increased in ACE2KO mice, with increased mRNA levels of NADPH oxidase subunit, p22phox, p40phox, p67phox, and gp91phox in the hippocampus of ACE2KO mice compared with WT mice. The protein level of SOD3 decreased in ACE2KO mice compared with WT mice. The AT1 receptor mRNA level in the hippocampus was higher in ACE2KO mice compared with WT mice. In contrast, the AT2 receptor mRNA level in the hippocampus did not differ between the two strains. Mas receptor mRNA was highly expressed in the hippocampus compared with the cortex. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) mRNA and protein levels were lower in the hippocampus in ACE2KO mice compared with WT mice. Taken together, ACE2 deficiency resulted in impaired cognitive function, probably at least in part because of enhanced oxidative stress and a decrease in BDNF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Li Wang
- Department of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology and Pharmacology, Ehime University, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan
| | - Jun Iwanami
- Department of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology and Pharmacology, Ehime University, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan
| | - Li-Juan Min
- Department of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology and Pharmacology, Ehime University, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan
| | - Kana Tsukuda
- Department of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology and Pharmacology, Ehime University, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan
| | - Hirotomo Nakaoka
- Department of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology and Pharmacology, Ehime University, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan
| | - Hui-Yu Bai
- Department of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology and Pharmacology, Ehime University, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan
| | - Bao-Shuai Shan
- Department of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology and Pharmacology, Ehime University, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan
| | - Harumi Kan-No
- Department of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology and Pharmacology, Ehime University, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Kukida
- Department of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology and Pharmacology, Ehime University, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan.,Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, Hypertension and Nephrology, Ehime University, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Chisaka
- Department of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology and Pharmacology, Ehime University, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan.,Department of Pediatrics, Ehime University, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Yamauchi
- Department of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology and Pharmacology, Ehime University, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan.,Department of Pediatrics, Ehime University, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan
| | - Akinori Higaki
- Department of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology and Pharmacology, Ehime University, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan.,Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, Hypertension and Nephrology, Ehime University, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan
| | - Masaki Mogi
- Department of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology and Pharmacology, Ehime University, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan
| | - Masatsugu Horiuchi
- Department of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology and Pharmacology, Ehime University, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
61
|
Ramalingam L, Menikdiwela K, LeMieux M, Dufour JM, Kaur G, Kalupahana N, Moustaid-Moussa N. The renin angiotensin system, oxidative stress and mitochondrial function in obesity and insulin resistance. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2016; 1863:1106-1114. [PMID: 27497523 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2016.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is a complex disease characterized by excessive expansion of adipose tissue and is an important risk factor for chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disorders, hypertension and type 2 diabetes. Moreover, obesity is a major contributor to inflammation and oxidative stress, all of which are key underlying causes for diabetes and insulin resistance. Specifically, adipose tissue secretes bioactives molecules such as inflammatory hormone angiotensin II, generated in the Renin Angiotensin System (RAS) from its precursor angiotensinogen. Accumulated evidence suggests that RAS may serve as a strong link between obesity and insulin resistance. Dysregulation of RAS also occurs in several other tissues including those involved in regulation of glucose and whole body homeostasis as well as insulin sensitivity such as muscle, liver and pancreas and heart. Here we review the scientific evidence for these interactions and potential roles for oxidative stress, inflammation and mitochondrial dysfunction in these target tissues which may mediate effects of RAS in metabolic diseases. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Quality in Diabetes/Obesity and Critical Illness Spectrum of Diseases - edited by P. Hemachandra Reddy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Latha Ramalingam
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, United States; Obesity Research Cluster, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, United States
| | - Kalhara Menikdiwela
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, United States
| | - Monique LeMieux
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Texas Women's University, Denton, TX, United States
| | - Jannette M Dufour
- Obesity Research Cluster, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, United States; Department of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, United States
| | - Gurvinder Kaur
- Obesity Research Cluster, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, United States; Department of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, United States
| | - Nishan Kalupahana
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, United States; Obesity Research Cluster, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, United States; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
| | - Naima Moustaid-Moussa
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, United States; Obesity Research Cluster, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
62
|
Xue HY, Yuan L, Cao YJ, Fan YP, Chen XL, Huang XZ. Resveratrol ameliorates renal injury in spontaneously hypertensive rats by inhibiting renal micro-inflammation. Biosci Rep 2016; 36:e00339. [PMID: 27129290 PMCID: PMC5293588 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20160035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Revised: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Micro-inflammation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR). In the present study, we investigated the therapeutic potential of resveratrol (RSV), a polyphenol with anti-fibrosis activity in hypertensive renal damage model. In SHR renal damage model, RSV treatment blunted the increase in urine albumin excretion, urinary β2-microglobulin (β2-MG), attenuated the decrease in creatinine clearance rate (CCR). The glomerular sclerosis index (1.54±0.33 compared with 0.36±0.07) and tubulointerstitial fibrosis (1.57±0.31 compared with 0.19±0.04) were significantly higher in SHRs compared with Wistar Kyoto rats (WKYs), which were significantly lower by RSV treatment. The increases in mesangium accumulation and the expression of renal collagen type I (Col I), fibronectin (Fn), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) in SHR were also reduced by RSV treatment. Nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) expression was increased in the cytoplasm and nuclei of the SHR kidneys, which was significantly decreased by RSV treatment. Furthermore, the protein level of IκB-α significantly decreased in the kidneys of the SHR when compared with the WKYs. RSV treatment partially restored the decreased IκB-α level. In SHR kidney, increased expression of interleukin-6 (IL-6), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) were observed. These changes were attenuated by RSV treatment. No changes in blood pressure were detected between SHR group and SHR + RSV group. Taken together, the present study demonstrated that RSV treatment may significantly attenuate renal damage in the SHR model of chronic kidney disease (CKD). The renal protective effect is associated with inhibition of IL-6, ICAM-1 and MCP-1 expression via the regulation of the nuclear translocation of NF-κB, which suggesting that micro-inflammation may be a potential therapeutic target of hypertensive renal damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Yan Xue
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China
| | - Li Yuan
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China
| | - Ying-Jie Cao
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China
| | - Ya-Ping Fan
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China
| | - Xiao-Lan Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China
| | - Xin-Zhong Huang
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China
| |
Collapse
|
63
|
Synergistic Antihypertensive Effect of Carthamus tinctorius L. Extract and Captopril in L-NAME-Induced Hypertensive Rats via Restoration of eNOS and AT₁R Expression. Nutrients 2016; 8:122. [PMID: 26938552 PMCID: PMC4808852 DOI: 10.3390/nu8030122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Revised: 02/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
This study examined the effect of Carthamus tinctorius (CT) extract plus captopril treatment on blood pressure, vascular function, nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability, oxidative stress and renin-angiotensin system (RAS) in Nω-Nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-NAME)-induced hypertension. Rats were treated with l-NAME (40 mg/kg/day) for five weeks and given CT extract (75 or 150 or 300 or 500 mg/kg/day): captopril (5 mg/kg/day) or CT extract (300 mg/kg/day) plus captopril (5 mg/kg/day) for two consecutive weeks. CT extract reduced blood pressure dose-dependently, and the most effective dose was 300 mg/kg/day. l-NAME-induced hypertensive rats showed abnormalities including high blood pressure, high vascular resistance, impairment of acetylcholine-induced vasorelaxation in isolated aortic rings and mesenteric vascular beds, increased vascular superoxide production and plasma malondialdehyde levels, downregulation of eNOS, low level of plasma nitric oxide metabolites, upregulation of angiotensin II type 1 receptor and increased plasma angiotensin II. These abnormalities were alleviated by treatment with either CT extract or captopril. Combination treatment of CT extract and captopril normalized all the abnormalities found in hypertensive rats except endothelial dysfunction. These data indicate that there are synergistic antihypertensive effects of CT extract and captopril. These effects are likely mediated by their anti-oxidative properties and their inhibition of RAS.
Collapse
|
64
|
Impaired endogenous nighttime melatonin secretion relates to intrarenal renin–angiotensin system activation and renal damage in patients with chronic kidney disease. Clin Exp Nephrol 2016; 20:878-884. [DOI: 10.1007/s10157-015-1224-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 12/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
|
65
|
Kilic-Erkek O, Kilic-Toprak E, Caliskan S, Ekbic Y, Akbudak IH, Kucukatay V, Bor-Kucukatay M. Detraining reverses exercise-induced improvement in blood pressure associated with decrements of oxidative stress in various tissues in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Mol Cell Biochem 2015; 412:209-19. [DOI: 10.1007/s11010-015-2627-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
66
|
An M, Kim M. Protective effects of kaempferol against cardiac sinus node dysfunction via CaMKII deoxidization. Anat Cell Biol 2015; 48:235-43. [PMID: 26770873 PMCID: PMC4701696 DOI: 10.5115/acb.2015.48.4.235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2015] [Revised: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Kaempferol exerts cardioprotective actions through incompletely understood mechanisms. This study investigated the molecular mechanisms underlying the cardioprotective effects of kaempferol in sinus node dysfunction (SND) heart. Here, we demonstrate that angiotensin II (Ang II) infusion causes SND through oxidized calmodulin kinase II (CaMKII). In contrast to this, kaempferol protects sinus node against Ang II-induced SND. Ang II evoked apoptosis with caspase-3 activation in sinus nodal cells. However, kaempferol lowered the CaMKII oxidization and the sinus nodal cell death. To block the CaMKII oxidization, gene of p47phox, a cytosolic subunit of NADPH oxidase, was deleted using Cas9 KO plasmid. In the absence of p47phox, sinus nodal cells were highly resistance to Ang II-induced apoptosis, suggesting that oxidized-CaMKII contributed to sinus nodal cell death. In Langendorff heart from Ang II infused mice, kaempferol preserved normal impulse formation at right atrium. These data suggested that kaempferol protects sinus node via inhibition of CaMKII oxidization and may be useful for preventing SND in high risk patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minae An
- Department of Medicine, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Minsuk Kim
- Department of Medicine, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
67
|
Fouad AA, Albuali WH, Al-Mulhim AS, Jresat I. Protective effect of telmisartan treatment against arsenic-induced testicular toxicity in rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 70:175-81. [PMID: 26439596 DOI: 10.1515/znc-2015-5031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2015] [Accepted: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative/nitrosative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of arsenic-induced testicular injury. Telmisartan, the angiotensin II-receptor antagonist, possesses antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. The protective effect of telmisartan against arsenic-induced testicular damage was investigated in rats. Testicular damage was induced by sodium arsenite (10 mg kg-1/day, p.o., for 2 consecutive days). Telmisartan (10 mg kg-1/day, i.p.) was given for 3 consecutive days, starting 1 day before sodium arsenite administration. Telmisartan significantly attenuated the arsenic-induced decrease in the levels of serum testosterone and testicular reduced glutathione, and significantly decreased the elevation of the levels of testicular malondialdehyde, nitric oxide, and arsenic levels, as well as myeloperoxidase activity resulting from sodium arsenite administration. Histopathological and immunohistochemical examination revealed that telmisartan markedly attenuated testicular tissue changes, and decreased the arsenic-induced expression of vascular endothelial growth factor, inducible nitric oxide synthase, tumor necrosis factor-α, cyclooxygenase-2, nuclear factor-κB, and caspase-3. Telmisartan, via its antioxidant and/or anti-inflammatory effects, may represent a potential candidate to protect against the deleterious effects of arsenic on testicular tissue.
Collapse
|