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Rossi LG, Fiorentini G, Jose Neto A, Vieira BR, Malheiros EB, Borghi TH, Berchielli TT. Impact of ground soybean and starch levels on the quality of meat from feedlot young Nellore bulls. Meat Sci 2016; 122:1-6. [PMID: 27458839 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2016.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Revised: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Twenty-eight young Nellore bulls (395±32kg initial body weight) were assigned to a completely randomized design (2×2 factorial design with 7 animals per treatment) to evaluate effects on the quality of meat. Diet treatments consisted of high (about 25%) or low (about 16%) starch levels, with or without ground soybean addition. Shear force was decreased in the meat from animals fed a low-starch diet (P=0.0016). Meat from animals fed a high-starch diet had increased total concentrations of unsaturated (P=0.0029) and monounsaturated fatty acids (P=0.0253). Polyunsaturated fatty acid content increased in the meat from animals fed a diet containing soybean (P=0.0121). High starch diets (>25%) decreased the concentration of saturated fatty acids and increased the amount of unsaturated fatty acids in the meat from young Nellore bulls.
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Affiliation(s)
- L G Rossi
- Animal Science Department, Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho (Unesp), Campus Jaboticabal, CEP 14884-900 Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - G Fiorentini
- Animal Science Department, Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho (Unesp), Campus Jaboticabal, CEP 14884-900 Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil.
| | - A Jose Neto
- Animal Science Department, Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho (Unesp), Campus Jaboticabal, CEP 14884-900 Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - B R Vieira
- Animal Science Department, Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho (Unesp), Campus Jaboticabal, CEP 14884-900 Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - E B Malheiros
- Animal Science Department, Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho (Unesp), Campus Jaboticabal, CEP 14884-900 Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - T H Borghi
- Animal Science Department, Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho (Unesp), Campus Jaboticabal, CEP 14884-900 Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - T T Berchielli
- Animal Science Department, Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho (Unesp), Campus Jaboticabal, CEP 14884-900 Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil; INCT/CA - UFV - Department of Animal Science, Av. Peter Henry Rolfs s/n, Campus Universitário, CEP 36570-000 Viçosa, MG, Brazil
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Gomes V, Mano S, Freitas M, Santos M, Conte Júnior C, Silva J, Santos E. Meat characteristics of cattle fed diets containing whole cottonseed. ARQ BRAS MED VET ZOO 2016. [DOI: 10.1590/1678-4162-8636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Sensory and instrumental analyses evaluated the meat and fat characteristics of feedlot-finished steers fed a diet containing cottonseed. Global impression, texture, meat color, and fat color were assessed. Thirty Nellore bulls with an average age of 30 ± 6 months and initial body weight of 382.7 ± 28.4kg were kept in feedlot stalls and fed the following cottonseed levels: 0; 2.22 %; 4.44 %; 6.66 %; 8.88 %; 11.11 % of the dietary dry matter. The cottonseed used in this experiment had an average free gossypol content of 4.5g/kg of cottonseed. The overall impression of the samples, assessed by the triangle test for difference, did not differ for more than 62 % of the panelists (P>0.01). The shear strength of roasted meat varied from 6.00 to 6.54kg. According to texture profile analysis (TPA), the hardness, springiness, and chewiness of roast meat ranged from 24.15 to 28.01 N, 0.52 to 0.56, 8.42 to 11.01 N, respectively; of raw meat, 9.51 to 13.86 N, 0.26 to 0.29, and 1.38 to 1.81 N, respectively. The different treatments did not affect meat texture, meat color, or fat color (P>0.05). Meat color, luminosity, and red intensity ranged from 37.71 to 42.85, 20.68 to 25.25, and 6.74 to 8.61, respectively; fat color, luminosity, and yellow intensity ranged from 62.26 to 63.78, 11.13 to 11.62, and 10.53 to 10.86, respectively. Cottonseed intake of up to 1.13kg/animal/day, equivalent to a free gossypol intake of 5.05g/animal/day, in place of soybean meal and ground corn, did not significantly change the global sensory impression, texture, and color of the meat and fat.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - S.B. Mano
- Universidade Federal Fluminense, Brazil
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Coleman LW, Hickson RE, Schreurs NM, Martin NP, Kenyon PR, Lopez-Villalobos N, Morris ST. Carcass characteristics and meat quality of Hereford sired steers born to beef-cross-dairy and Angus breeding cows. Meat Sci 2016; 121:403-408. [PMID: 27448194 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2016.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Revised: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 07/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Steers from Angus, Angus×Holstein Friesian, Angus×Holstein Friesian-Jersey and Angus×Jersey cows and a Hereford sire were measured for their carcass and meat quality characteristics. Steers from the Angus×Holstein Friesian cows had a greater final body weight and carcass weight (P<0.05). Steers from Angus×Jersey cows had the lowest carcass weight and dressing-out percentage (P<0.05). There was a greater fat depth over the rump at 12 and 18months of age for the steers from Angus cows (P<0.05) but, not at 24months of age. The steers had similar meat quality characteristics across the breed groups. Steers from Angus×Holstein Friesian and Angus×Jersey cows had a higher ratio of n6 to n3 fatty acids. Using beef-cross-dairy cows to produce steers for meat production does not impact on meat quality. Using Jersey in the breed cross reduced the carcass tissues in the live weight and the potential meat yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy W Coleman
- Institute of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences, Massey University, Private Bag 11222, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
| | - Rebecca E Hickson
- Institute of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences, Massey University, Private Bag 11222, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
| | - Nicola M Schreurs
- Institute of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences, Massey University, Private Bag 11222, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand.
| | - Natalia P Martin
- Institute of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences, Massey University, Private Bag 11222, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
| | - Paul R Kenyon
- Institute of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences, Massey University, Private Bag 11222, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
| | - Nicolas Lopez-Villalobos
- Institute of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences, Massey University, Private Bag 11222, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
| | - Stephen T Morris
- Institute of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences, Massey University, Private Bag 11222, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
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de Lima Júnior DM, de Carvalho FFR, Clementino RH, Batista ÂM, Maciel MV, Ferreira JC, Neto JDP. Performance of Sheep Fed on Annatto Byproduct. ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2016. [DOI: 10.4081/ijas.2014.3147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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55
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Adeyemi KD, Ebrahimi M, Samsudin AA, Sabow AB, Sazili AQ. Carcass traits, meat yield and fatty acid composition of adipose tissues and Supraspinatus muscle in goats fed blend of canola oil and palm oil. JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2015; 57:42. [PMID: 26644913 PMCID: PMC4671219 DOI: 10.1186/s40781-015-0076-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2015] [Accepted: 11/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dietary fats can alter the deposition and distribution of body fats in ruminants. The deposition and distribution of body fat play a vital role in the quality of ruminant carcasses and are of great commercial value since they influence the profitability and consumer acceptability of ruminant meat. The current study examined the effects of dietary blend of 80 % canola oil and 20 % palm oil (BCPO) on carcass characteristics, meat yield and accretion of fatty acid (FA) in subcutaneous, omental, perirenal, and mesentery adipose depots and m. supraspinatus (SS) in goats. METHODS Twenty four Boer crossbred bucks (BW 20.54 ± 0.47 kg) were randomly assigned to diets containing on DM basis 0, 4 and 8 % BCPO, fed for 100 d and harvested. RESULTS Diet had no effect (P > 0.05) on slaughter weight, dressing percentage, carcass and non-carcass components, meat yield, color, moisture and carotenoid contents and weight of adipose tissues in goats. The proportion of C18:1n-9 and cis-9 trans-11 CLA in the omental, perirenal and SS was higher (P < 0.05) in goats fed 4 and 8 % BCPO compared with the control goats. Dietary BCPO reduced (P < 0.05) the proportion of C14:0 in the omental, perirenal and mesentery depots, C18:0 in the perirenal depot, C16:0 in the SS and C16:1n-7 in the SS, omental and perirenal tissues. Dietary BCPO enhanced the proportion of C18:1 trans-11 Vaccenic and C18:3n-3 in SS and C20:5n-3 in SS and mesentery depot. No significant changes were found in the FA composition of subcutaneous depot. CONCLUSIONS Results indicate that dietary BCPO can be utilized to alter the FA composition of adipose tissues without detrimental effects on carcass characteristics in goats. Nonetheless, dietary BCPO is not an effective repartitioning agent for body fats in goats.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. D. Adeyemi
- />Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, 43400 Selangor Malaysia
- />Department of Animal Production, University of Ilorin, PMB 1515, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - M. Ebrahimi
- />Department of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - A. A. Samsudin
- />Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, 43400 Selangor Malaysia
- />Laboratory of Animal Production, Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
| | - A. B. Sabow
- />Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, 43400 Selangor Malaysia
- />Department of Animal Resource, University of Salahaddin, Erbil, Kurdistan Region Iraq
| | - A. Q. Sazili
- />Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, 43400 Selangor Malaysia
- />Halal Products Research Institute, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
- />Laboratory of Animal Production, Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
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Darwish WS, Ikenaka Y, Morshdy AE, Eldesoky KI, Nakayama S, Mizukawa H, Ishizuka M. β-carotene and retinol contents in the meat of herbivorous ungulates with a special reference to their public health importance. J Vet Med Sci 2015; 78:351-4. [PMID: 26498400 PMCID: PMC4785134 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.15-0287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to estimate total carotenoids, β-carotene and retinol concentrations in the livers
and muscles of some ungulates (cattle, buffalo, sheep, goats and horses) in comparison with the Wistar rats as
a control. Cattle and horses had the highest contents of total carotenoids and β-carotene. Unexpectedly, sheep
was the highest accumulator of retinol with a mean concentration of 203 ± 23.34 µg/g, while
the least accumulator was buffalo, having a mean value of 58.28 ± 13.77 µg/g. Livers had
higher contents of the examined phytochemicals than muscles. Consumption of these tissues may provide human
with some needs from these important phytochemicals, though ingestion of livers, especially that of the sheep,
is not advisable for the pregnant women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wageh Sobhy Darwish
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Environmental Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan
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Fat color and reflectance spectra to evaluate the β-carotene, lutein and α-tocopherol in the plasma of bovines finished on meadows or on a dry total mixed ration. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2015.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Cruz-Monterrosa R, Ramirez-Bribiesca J, Guerrero-Legarreta M, Zinn R. Influence of pectin on intestinal digestion of chromogens in steers. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2015.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Łozicki A, Koziorzębska A, Halik G, Dymnicka M, Arkuszewska E, Niemiec T, Bogdan J. Effect of ensiling pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima D.) with dried sugar beet pulp on the content of bioactive compounds in silage and its antioxidant potential. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2015.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Mercier J, Cinq-Mars D, Berthiaume R, Faucitano L, Girard CL. Effects of dietary total non-structural carbohydrates and folic acid and vitamin B12 supplement on growth and meat quality of yearling steers in a forage-based beef production system. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2015. [DOI: 10.4141/cjas-2014-123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Mercier, J., Cinq-Mars, D., Berthiaume, R., Faucitano, L. and Girard, C. L. 2015. Effects of dietary total non-structural carbohydrates and folic acid and vitamin B12 supplement on growth and meat quality of yearling steers in a forage-based beef production system. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 95: 281–291. Thirty-two spring calving cows [760±91 kg body weight (BW)] and calves (44±4.5 kg BW) were assigned to eight blocks of four cows and their calves each according to parity and calving date. Within each block, two cows were fed a low total non-structural carbohydrate (TNC) diet, while the two others were fed a high TNC diet. Within each diet, cows were administered either no vitamins or weekly intramuscular injections of 160 mg of folic acid plus 10 mg of vitamin B12. Calves were slaughtered at 305±9 d. Neither TNC concentration nor vitamin supplementation affected (P>0.10) milk yield but the vitamin supplementation increased (P=0.002) milk concentrations of vitamin B12. There was no treatment effect on calf performance, or carcass and meat characteristics (P>0.10) except for collagen concentrations and shear force measurements in the longissimus lumborum muscle, which had a tendency to be decreased (P≤0.06) by the vitamin supplement. In the present study, differences in forage TNC concentrations did not influence cow and calf performance. Moreover, folic acid and vitamin B12 supplements were shown to have little impact in this study on growth of beef cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Mercier
- Université Laval, Département de sciences animales, Québec, Québec, Canada G1V 0A6
- Valacta, Dairy Production Centre of Expertise in Quebec and the Atlantic regions, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada, H9X 3R4
| | - D. Cinq-Mars
- Université Laval, Département de sciences animales, Québec, Québec, Canada G1V 0A6
| | - R. Berthiaume
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Dairy and Swine Research and Development Centre, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada J1M 0C8
- Valacta, Dairy Production Centre of Expertise in Quebec and the Atlantic regions, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada, H9X 3R4
| | - L. Faucitano
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Dairy and Swine Research and Development Centre, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada J1M 0C8
| | - C. L. Girard
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Dairy and Swine Research and Development Centre, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada J1M 0C8
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Domingues J, Nuñez A, Gomes R, Valinote A, Silva S, Pereira A, Leme P, Nogueira Filho J. Effect of high oil corn in the diets of Nellore steers on growth performance, carcass characteristics, meat quality, and longissimus muscle fatty acid profile. Livest Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2014.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Filipčík R, Voříšková J, Dufek A, Pavlík A, Hošek M. Comparison of the Carcass and Beef Quality of the Czech Fleckvieh Bulls with Genotype TT and CT for Leptin and Bulls of Galloway and Charolais Breeds. ACTA UNIVERSITATIS AGRICULTURAE ET SILVICULTURAE MENDELIANAE BRUNENSIS 2015. [DOI: 10.11118/actaun201563010029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Álvarez R, Meléndez-Martínez AJ, Vicario IM, Alcalde MJ. Carotenoid and Vitamin A Contents in Biological Fluids and Tissues of Animals as an Effect of the Diet: A Review. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2015.1015139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Fatty acid profile, carcass and quality traits of meat from Nellore young bulls on pasture supplemented with crude glycerin. Meat Sci 2015; 100:17-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2014.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2014] [Revised: 06/04/2014] [Accepted: 09/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Machado Neto OR, Chizzotti ML, Ramos EM, Oliveira DM, Lanna DPD, Ribeiro JS, Lopes LS, Descalzo AM, Amorim TR, Ladeira MM. Fatty acid profile and meat quality of young bulls fed ground soybean or ground cottonseed and vitamin E. Animal 2015; 9:362-72. [PMID: 25256316 DOI: 10.1017/s1751731114002377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the fatty acid profile and qualitative characteristics of meat from feedlot young bulls fed ground soybean or ground cottonseed, with or without supplementation of vitamin E. A total of 40 Red Norte young bulls, with an initial average age of 20 months, and an initial average BW of 339±15 kg, were allotted in a completely randomized design using a 2×2 factorial arrangement, with two oilseeds, and daily supplementation or not of 2500 IU of vitamin E. The experimental period was for 84 days, which was preceded by an adaptation period of 28 days. The treatments were ground soybean (SB), ground soybean plus vitamin E (SBE), ground cottonseed (CS) and ground cottonseed plus vitamin E (CSE). The percentage of cottonseed and soybean in the diets (dry matter basis) was 24% and 20%, respectively. Diets were isonitrogenous (13% CP) and presented similar amount of ether extract (6.5%). The animals were slaughtered at average live weight of 464±15 kg, and samples were taken from the longissimus dorsi muscle for the measurement of fatty acid concentration and the evaluation of lipid oxidation and color of the beef. Before fatty acid extraction, muscle tissue and subcutaneous fat of the longissimus dorsi were separated to analyze fatty acid profile in both tissues. Supplementation of vitamin E did not affect fatty acid concentration, lipid oxidation and color (P>0.05). Subcutaneous fat from animals fed CS diet had greater C12:0, C16:0 and C18:0 contents (P<0.03). In addition, CS diets reduced the C18:1 and C18:2 cis-9, trans-11 contents in subcutaneous fat (P<0.05). The muscle from animals fed CS tended to higher C16:0 and C18:0 contents (P<0.11), and decreased C18:1, C18:2 cis-9, trans-11 and C18:3 contents (P<0.05) compared with SB. The Δ9-desaturase index was greater in muscle from animals fed SB (P<0.01). At 42 days of age, meat from cattle fed SB had a greater lipid oxidation rate (P<0.05). Meat from animals fed SB diets had less lightness and redness indices than meat from animals fed CS diets after 14 days of age. In conclusion, the addition of ground cottonseed in the finishing diets did increase the saturated fatty acid content of the longissimus dorsi. However, animals fed cottonseed exhibited greater lightness and redness of beef. In this study, the addition of vitamin E did not affect qualitative characteristics of meat.
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Affiliation(s)
- O R Machado Neto
- 1College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science,Universidade Estadual Paulista 'Júlio de Mesquita Filho',Botucatu,São Paulo 18610-307,Brazil
| | - M L Chizzotti
- 2Department of Animal Science,Universidade Federal de Viçosa,Viçosa,Minas Gerais 36.570-000,Brazil
| | - E M Ramos
- 4Department of Food Science,Universidade Federal de Lavras,Lavras,Minas Gerais 37200-000,Brazil
| | - D M Oliveira
- 3Department of Animal Science,Universidade Federal de Lavras,Lavras,Minas Gerais 37200-000,Brazil
| | - D P D Lanna
- 5Department of Animal Science,Escola Superior de Agricultura 'Luiz de Queiroz',Universidade de São Paulo,Piracicaba,São Paulo 13418-900,Brazil
| | - J S Ribeiro
- 6Universidade Federal de Alagoas,Arapiraca,Alagoas 57309-005,Brazil
| | - L S Lopes
- 7Centro de Educação Superior do Oeste,Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina,Chapecó,Santa Catarina 89800-000,Brazil
| | - A M Descalzo
- 8Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria,Buenos Aires C1033AAE,Argentina
| | - T R Amorim
- 2Department of Animal Science,Universidade Federal de Viçosa,Viçosa,Minas Gerais 36.570-000,Brazil
| | - M M Ladeira
- 2Department of Animal Science,Universidade Federal de Viçosa,Viçosa,Minas Gerais 36.570-000,Brazil
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Pighin DG, Davies P, Pazos AA, Ceconi I, Cunzolo SA, Mendez D, Buffarini M, Grigioni G. Biochemical profiles and physicochemical parameters of beef from cattle raised under contrasting feeding systems and pre-slaughter management. ANIMAL PRODUCTION SCIENCE 2015. [DOI: 10.1071/an13378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Diet and pre-slaughter stress are key factors that may affect the biochemical processes during conversion of muscle into meat. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of two different pre-slaughter stress managements (PSM) at a slaughterhouse in Angus steers raised and finished in two contrasting feeding systems (FS grain and pasture systems), on the peri mortem muscle metabolism, and its relation to of meat quality. Results obtained showed that a higher level of pre-slaughter stress increased (P < 0.05) glucose, lactate and proteins blood levels and decreased (P < 0.05) the redness (a* parameter) of adipose tissue. Regarding feeding strategy, pasture-fed animals displayed increased (P < 0.05) levels of haematocrit and insulin concentrations, and higher (P < 0.05) muscle pH decrease during the first 3 h post mortem. Despite final pH (pH 24 h) of M. longissimus dorsi (LD) was not significantly modified, LD hardness was significantly affected by an interaction effect of FS and PSM. Lower pre-slaughter stress level led to a decrease (P < 0.05) of LD hardness in grain-fed animals. In general terms, results showed an impact of PSM and FS on meat quality through pH-independent mechanisms.
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68
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Effect of pasture and concentrate diets on concentrations of carotenoids, vitamin A and vitamin E in plasma and adipose tissue of lambs. J Food Compost Anal 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2014.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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69
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Supplemental β-carotene I: effect on plasma vitamin A, growth, performance, and carcass characteristics of feedlot cattle. Meat Sci 2014; 98:736-43. [PMID: 25108270 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2014.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2014] [Revised: 06/06/2014] [Accepted: 07/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
To evaluate the effects of β-carotene (βC) on performance and carcass characteristics, 112 crossbred calves were allotted to 4 treatments consisting of retinyl palmitate (RP) supplemented at 2200IU/kg, and synthetic β-carotene supplemented at 1 (SβC1X), 5 (SβC5X), or 10 (SβC10X) times RP. Compared to RP, SβC1X did not impact performance (P≥0.25) or plasma concentrations of retinoids or carotenoids (P≥0.26). Increasing dietary βC increased (P≤0.04) plasma concentrations of RP and all of the isomers of βC, but did not affect weight, gain, or gain:feed (P≥0.24). Marbling and fat thickness did not differ between RP and SβC1X or because of amount of βC (P≥0.35). Lightness (L*) of LM decreased with increasing concentration of SβC (linear; P=0.01). Yellowness (b*) increased (P=0.04) and redness (a*) tended to increase (P=0.09) in subcutaneous fat as SβC amount increased (quadratic).
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Ripoll G, Blanco M, Albertí P, Panea B, Joy M, Casasús I. Effect of two Spanish breeds and diet on beef quality including consumer preferences. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2014; 94:983-992. [PMID: 23939949 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.6348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2013] [Revised: 08/05/2013] [Accepted: 08/12/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Farmers in dry mountain areas are changing their management strategies to improve livestock farming efficiency, by using different forages or different breeds. The effect of breed (Parda de Montaña vs. Pirenaica) and finishing diet (grazing on meadows vs. a total mixed ration (50% alfalfa, 40% maize grain, 10% straw)) on carcass characteristics and meat quality of steers was studied. RESULTS Parda de Montaña had a greater (P < 0.01) amount of intramuscular fat than Pirenaica. The finishing diet did not influence carcass fat color, but fatty acid composition was slightly affected. Finishing steers on a total mixed ration increased the percentage of fat of the 10th rib (P < 0.001). Supplementation with concentrates increased the diet energy concentration and also increased the dressing percentage. CONCLUSIONS Both breeds had similar carcass characteristics. Consumers preferred beef from the Pirenaica breed because of its greater tenderness. Consumers did not differentiate between beef from animals fed different finishing diets. However, consumers who like meat very much preferred meat aged in a cooler at 4 °C for 15 days rather than 8 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Ripoll
- Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria de Aragón (CITA), 50059, Zaragoza, Spain
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71
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Lage JF, Berchielli TT, San Vito E, Silva RA, Ribeiro AF, Reis RA, Dallantonia EE, Simonetti LR, Delevatti LM, Machado M. Fatty acid profile, carcass and meat quality traits of young Nellore bulls fed crude glycerin replacing energy sources in the concentrate. Meat Sci 2014; 96:1158-64. [PMID: 24334035 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2013.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2013] [Revised: 10/08/2013] [Accepted: 10/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Carcass and meat quality traits of 60 Nellore young bulls fed diets without crude glycerin (CG); with CG replacing corn (CGc; 10% of dry matter - DM) in the concentrate; and with CG replacing soybean hull (CGsh; 10% of DM) in the concentrate were evaluated. Diets were evaluated at two concentrate levels (CLs). The CL did not affect cold carcass weight (CCW; P=0.6074), cold carcass dressing (CCD; P=0.9636), rib fat thickness (RFT; P=0.8696) and longissimus muscle area (LMA; P=0.7524). Animals fed diets with CGc or CGsh showed meat with greater deposition of monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA; P=0.0022) and CLA (18:2 cis-9, trans-11) contents (P=0.0001) than animals fed diets without CG. The inclusion of 10% of CG in diets CGc or CGsh does not affect the carcass and meat quality traits; however, it increases the MUFA and CLA contents in beef, although these changes are very small in nutritional terms.
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Affiliation(s)
- J F Lage
- Departamento de Zootecnia da Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP), Campus Jaboticabal, CEP: 14884-900 Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil.
| | - T T Berchielli
- Departamento de Zootecnia da Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP), Campus Jaboticabal, CEP: 14884-900 Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - E San Vito
- Departamento de Zootecnia da Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP), Campus Jaboticabal, CEP: 14884-900 Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - R A Silva
- Departamento de Zootecnia da Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP), Campus Jaboticabal, CEP: 14884-900 Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - A F Ribeiro
- Departamento de Zootecnia da Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP), Campus Jaboticabal, CEP: 14884-900 Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - R A Reis
- Departamento de Zootecnia da Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP), Campus Jaboticabal, CEP: 14884-900 Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - E E Dallantonia
- Departamento de Zootecnia da Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP), Campus Jaboticabal, CEP: 14884-900 Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - L R Simonetti
- Departamento de Zootecnia da Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP), Campus Jaboticabal, CEP: 14884-900 Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - L M Delevatti
- Departamento de Zootecnia da Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP), Campus Jaboticabal, CEP: 14884-900 Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - M Machado
- Departamento de Zootecnia da Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP), Campus Jaboticabal, CEP: 14884-900 Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
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72
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Moloney A, Mooney M, Kerry J, Stanton C, O'Kiely P. Colour of fat, and colour, fatty acid composition and sensory characteristics of muscle from heifers offered alternative forages to grass silage in a finishing ration. Meat Sci 2013; 95:608-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2013.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2013] [Revised: 05/17/2013] [Accepted: 05/20/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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73
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Zawadzki F, do Prado I, Prache S. Influence of level of barley supplementation on plasma carotenoid content and fat spectrocolorimetric characteristics in lambs fed a carotenoid-rich diet. Meat Sci 2013; 94:297-303. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2013.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2012] [Revised: 03/04/2013] [Accepted: 03/05/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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74
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Characteristics of fat and muscle from beef heifers offered a grass silage or concentrate-based finishing ration. Livest Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2012.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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75
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Duckett SK, Neel JPS, Lewis RM, Fontenot JP, Clapham WM. Effects of forage species or concentrate finishing on animal performance, carcass and meat quality1,2. J Anim Sci 2013; 91:1454-67. [DOI: 10.2527/jas.2012-5914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S. K. Duckett
- Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634
| | - J. P. S. Neel
- USDA-ARS-Appalachian Farming Systems Research Center, Beaver, WV 25813
| | - R. M. Lewis
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg 24061
| | - J. P. Fontenot
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg 24061
| | - W. M. Clapham
- USDA-ARS-Appalachian Farming Systems Research Center, Beaver, WV 25813
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76
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Effects of replacing grass silage with maize silages differing in inclusion level and maturity on the performance, meat quality and concentrate-sparing effect of beef cattle. Animal 2013; 7:768-77. [DOI: 10.1017/s1751731112002364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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77
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Marino VM, Schadt I, La Terra S, Manenti M, Caccamo M, Licitra G, Carpino S. Influence of season and pasture feeding on the content of α-tocopherol and β-carotene in milk from Holstein, Brown Swiss and Modicana cows in Sicily. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s13594-012-0069-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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78
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de Oliveira L, Carvalho PCF, Prache S. Fat spectro-colorimetric characteristics of lambs switched from a low to a high dietary carotenoid level for various durations before slaughter. Meat Sci 2012; 92:644-50. [PMID: 22762993 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2012.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2012] [Revised: 05/30/2012] [Accepted: 06/09/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the changes in fat reflectance spectrum characteristics and color in lambs switched from a low to a high dietary carotenoid level for various durations before slaughter. Six treatments, feeding a high dietary carotenoid level for 0, 15, 30, 45, 60 or 75 days before slaughter, were compared in individually indoor penned lambs. Each treatment used 10 Romane lambs; feeding management ensured similar growth pattern and carcass weight for all the treatment groups. There was a change in reflectance spectrum characteristics and yellowness of subcutaneous fat as early as 15 days after the switch. Mean concentration of carotenoid pigments and yellowness of subcutaneous fat increased linearly with the duration of the high dietary carotenoid level. In perirenal fat, the change in reflectance spectrum characteristics was observed as early as 15 days after the switch, but the response to the duration of the high dietary carotenoid level was curvilinear.
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Affiliation(s)
- L de Oliveira
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, INRA, UR1213 Herbivores, Site de Theix, F-63122 Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France
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79
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The importance of grasslands for animal production and other functions: a review on management and methodological progress in the tropics. Animal 2012; 6:748-62. [DOI: 10.1017/s1751731112000304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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80
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Blanco M, Joy M, Panea B, Albertí P, Ripoll G, Carrasco S, Revilla R, Casasús I. Effects of the forage content of the winter diet on the growth performance and carcass quality of steers finished on mountain pasture with a barley supplement. ANIMAL PRODUCTION SCIENCE 2012. [DOI: 10.1071/an12060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Eighteen Parda de Montaña steers (366 kg liveweight, 10 months of age) received diets of either forage (F; lucerne hay + straw) or forage and concentrate (FC; lucerne hay + straw + barley) during the winter feeding period, which lasted 118 days. Thereafter, steers continuously grazed in meadows in a dry mountain area until the end of the grazing period in September (160–167 days) and received 4.1 kg DM barley per head for the final 103–110 days of the grazing season. The steers that received the FC winter diet were heavier (491 vs 457 kg, respectively; P < 0.05) and had deposited more fat (7.2 vs 5.8 mm, P < 0.05) and muscle (63 vs 54 mm, P < 0.05) at the end of the winter than the steers that received the F winter diet. During the grazing period, the steers from both groups had similar weight gains (0.728 and 0.756 kg/day for FC and F diet, respectively). At slaughter, the steers from both groups were of similar age (590 vs 599 days, for FC and F diet, respectively) and had similar liveweights (560 vs 539 kg), muscle depths (54 vs 63 mm) and subcutaneous fat thicknesses (7.3 vs 7.2 mm). The serum leptin concentration differed only at the end of the winter period, when steers on the FC diet had higher leptin concentrations than did steers on the F diet (P < 0.05), reflecting differences in fatness. The carotenoid concentration in the plasma during the winter feeding period was higher in steers on the F than on the FC winter diet, but this difference was not seen during the grazing period. Carcasses from steers on the FC winter diet were heavier (324 vs 300 kg; P < 0.05) and had a higher dressing percentage (57.3% vs 56.1%, P < 0.05) than those reared on the F winter diet, but the fatness and conformation scores were similar between the groups. The percentages of fat, muscle and bone in the commercial dissection and 10th rib dissection did not differ between the winter diet groups. In conclusion, the differences resulting from the winter feeding period disappeared after the grazing period, and the carcass quality did not differ between the diets. Therefore, both strategies are equally technically advisable.
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81
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Weber MJ, Dikeman ME, Unruh JA, Jaeger JR, Murray L, Houser TA, Johnson BJ. Effects of sequential feeding of β-adrenergic agonists on cull cow performance, carcass characteristics, and mRNA relative abundance. J Anim Sci 2011; 90:1628-37. [PMID: 22147469 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2011-4285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of supplementation with a single β-adrenergic agonist (β-AA) or a sequence of β-AA on cow performance, carcass characteristics, and mRNA relative abundance of cull cows implanted and fed a concentrate diet. Sixty cull cows were implanted with Revalor-200 (200 mg of trenbolone acetate and 20 mg of estradiol) and assigned to 1 of 4 treatments (n = 15/treatment): CON = fed a concentrate diet only; RH = supplemented with ractopamine-HCl for the last 25 d before slaughter; ZH = supplemented with zilpaterol-HCl for 20 d before a 3-d withdrawal before slaughter; RH + ZH = supplemented with RH for 25 d, followed by ZH for 20 d before a 3-d withdrawal before slaughter. Ractopamine-HCl was supplemented at a dose of 200 mg·animal(-1)·d(-1), and ZH was supplemented at 8.33 mg/kg (100% DM basis) of feed. All cows were fed a concentrate diet for 74 d. Each treatment had 5 cows per pen and 3 replicate pens. Body weights were collected on d 1, 24, 51, and 72. Muscle biopsies from the LM were collected on d 24, 51, and at slaughter from a subsample of 3 cows per pen. Carcass traits were evaluated postslaughter. The 2 ZH treatments averaged 15.3 kg more BW gain, 0.20 kg greater ADG, and 7.8 cm(2) larger LM area than CON and RH treatments, and 21 kg more HCW than CON, but these differences were not significant (P > 0.10), likely due to a sample size of n = 15/treatment. The sequence of RH followed by ZH tended to optimize the combination of HCW, LM area, percent intramuscular fat, and lean color and maturity compared with the ZH treatment. Abundance of β(2)-adrenergic receptor (AR) mRNA was not altered in the RH + ZH treatment during RH supplementation from d 24 to 51 of feeding. However, the abundance of β(2)-AR mRNA increased (P < 0.05) the last 23 d of feeding for the RH treatment and tended (P = 0.10) to increase in ZH cows during ZH supplementation. For all cows, abundance of type IIa myosin heavy chain (MHC-IIa) mRNA decreased (P < 0.05) after 24 d of feeding. Abundance of MHC-IIx mRNA increased (P < 0.05) for ZH and RH + ZH treatments the last 23 d of feeding during ZH supplementation. Although few significant differences were observed in performance or carcass traits, mRNA quantification indicated that β-AA supplementation elicited a cellular response in cull cows. Implanting and feeding cull cows for 74 d, regardless of β-AA supplementation, added economic value by transitioning cows from a cull cow to what is referred to in industry as a white cow market in which cows have white fat resulting from grain feeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Weber
- Department of Animal Sciences and Industry, Kansas State University, Manhattan 66506, USA
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82
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Hernández-Calva L, He M, Juárez M, Aalhus JL, Dugan MER, McAllister TA. Effect of flaxseed and forage type on carcass and meat quality of finishing cull cows. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2011. [DOI: 10.4141/cjas2011-030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Hernández-Calva, L. M., He, M., Juárez, M., Aalhus, J. L., Dugan, M. E. R. and McAllister, T. A. 2011. Effect of flaxseed and forage type on carcass and meat quality of finishing cull cows. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 91: 613–622. Sixty-two cull cows were fed one of four diets in a 2×2 factorial arrangement, consisting of barley silage or grass hay with or without flaxseed to influence fatty acid composition. After slaughter, carcass grade, meat quality and sensory data were collected. Silage increased live (P=0.002) and carcass (P=0.001) weights of the cows as compared with hay. Muscle width (P=0.013) and score (P=0.010) and rib-eye area (P=0.002) were enhanced when silage was included in the diet, whereas supplementation with flaxseed increased (P=0.003) grade fat depth by 29%. Most subjective and objective retail evaluation traits in steaks from the left longissimus thoracis and ground meat were negatively affected (P<0.05) by the length of the retail display time. Moreover, dietary hay increased (P=0.015) the lean colour values in steaks and ground beef, which was corroborated by lower L* (P=0.009) and higher hue (P=0.010) in steaks and lower L* (P=0.049), chroma (P=0.005) in ground beef as compared with cows fed silage. A significant interaction between forage type and flax inclusion for thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) (P=0.050) was observed. After sensory evaluation, steaks from cows fed silage had an increase (P=0.030) in beef flavour intensity when compared with cows fed hay, whereas inclusion of flaxseed in the diet decreased (P<0.001) beef flavour intensity in steaks from cows fed both forage sources. Sensory evaluation of ground beef found that hay-fed cows with flaxseed supplementation had decreased (P=0.03) beef flavour intensity, while the same effect was not observed in ground beef from cows fed silage with flaxseed. Results from this study show that inclusion of flaxseed in the diet reduced off-flavours in steak, but for ground beef this response depended on the source of forage in the diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- L.M. Hernández-Calva
- Lethbridge Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, P.O. Box 3000, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada T1J 4B1
- Universidad Autonoma de Tlaxcala, Facultad de Agrobiología, Av. Universidad No.1, Loma Xicohtencatl, CP 90062, Tlaxcala, Mexico
| | - M. He
- Lethbridge Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, P.O. Box 3000, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada T1J 4B1
| | - M. Juárez
- Lacombe Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 6000 C&E Trail, Lacombe, Alberta, Canada T4L 1W1
| | - J. L. Aalhus
- Lacombe Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 6000 C&E Trail, Lacombe, Alberta, Canada T4L 1W1
| | - M. E. R. Dugan
- Lacombe Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 6000 C&E Trail, Lacombe, Alberta, Canada T4L 1W1
| | - T. A. McAllister
- Lethbridge Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, P.O. Box 3000, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada T1J 4B1
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83
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Effects of calf diet, antioxidants, packaging type and storage time on beef steak storage. Meat Sci 2011; 90:871-80. [PMID: 22193039 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2011.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2011] [Revised: 10/17/2011] [Accepted: 10/23/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The effect of basal dietary supplemented with vegetable oils plus vitamin E (sunflower, soybean, linseed and a basal diet control), type of packaging (MAP or vacuum), addition of natural antioxidant (grape seed, rosemary) and storage time (0, 7, 14 and 21 days) on lipid oxidation, color stability, vitamin E content, and total aerobic bacterial counts in steaks of Longissimus thoracis was studied. The triple interaction diet × time × packaging affected oxidative stability, redness and yellowness of the meat. TBARS values did not increase with time in vacuum-packaged samples for all dietary treatments. However, samples from MAP and control showed the highest TBARS values after 21 days of storage (0.72 mg MDA/kg of meat, P<0.05). Both exogenous antioxidant extracts and MAP maintained low total aerobic counts in steaks until the 21st day. Calves should be fed a diet supplemented with L-VE, stored in MAP and treated with grape seed extract to extend the shelf life of their meat.
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84
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Röhrle F, Moloney A, Osorio M, Luciano G, Priolo A, Caplan P, Monahan F. Carotenoid, colour and reflectance measurements in bovine adipose tissue to discriminate between beef from different feeding systems. Meat Sci 2011; 88:347-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2011.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2010] [Revised: 12/23/2010] [Accepted: 01/11/2011] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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85
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Lee JM, Choe JH, Park HK, Kim YH, Park BY, Kim KT, Koh KC, Seo SC, Hwang KS. Effect of Backfat Thickness on the Carcass Grade Factors and Carcass Price in Hanwoo Cows and Steers. Korean J Food Sci Anim Resour 2011. [DOI: 10.5851/kosfa.2011.31.2.280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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86
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Effects of genetic merit for carcass weight, breed type and slaughter weight on performance and carcass traits of beef × dairy steers. Animal 2011; 5:182-94. [DOI: 10.1017/s1751731110001758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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87
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del Campo M, Brito G, Soares de Lima J, Hernández P, Montossi F. Finishing diet, temperament and lairage time effects on carcass and meat quality traits in steers. Meat Sci 2010; 86:908-14. [PMID: 20797822 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2010.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2010] [Revised: 06/23/2010] [Accepted: 07/19/2010] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Sixty Hereford (H) and Braford (B: 3/8 Zebu and 5/8 H) steers were finished on: D1) rangeland plus corn grain (1% of live weight) (H n=15, B n=15); and D2) high quality pasture (H n=15, B n=15) to study the effect of diet, temperament and lairage time on carcass and meat quality. Steers were slaughtered the same day in two groups, spending 15 and 3h in pens, respectively (50% from D1, 50% from D2 in each group). Animals from D1 had better carcass performance without effect of the diet on meat quality. Regardless of breed, calmer steers showed higher average daily gain and lower shear force values. Carcasses from animals in the long lairage group had a better rate of pH decline and more tender meat, suggesting that more than 3h preslaughter time should be necessary to rest and recover, mainly depending on lairage conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M del Campo
- National Institute of Agricultural Research, INIA Tacuarembó, Ruta 5 Km 386, 45000, Uruguay.
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88
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Bispo E, Monserrat L, González L, Franco D, Moreno T. Effect of weaning status on animal performance and meat quality of Rubia Gallega calves. Meat Sci 2010; 86:832-8. [PMID: 20692108 PMCID: PMC7158686 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2010.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2010] [Revised: 07/05/2010] [Accepted: 07/07/2010] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The effect of weaning calves at different ages (NW = not weaned, W5 = 5.5 months old and W2 = weaned after being born and then fed with natural Holstein Friesian milk until 2 months old), on animal performance and carcass and Longissimus thoracis muscle quality, was studied in 36 eight month-old Rubia Gallega calves. Feed ingestions, weight gains, slaughter (SW) and carcass weights (CW), carcass conformation and fat scores, and meat characteristics (24 hours postmortem): colour, pH, water holding capacity, chemical composition and texture (Warner Bratzler (WB) test, sensory panel), were studied. NW calves showed the highest SW and CW (P < 0.001). Yellowness (b*), redness (a*) and chroma (C*) were higher in NW than W2 calves (P < 0.05). Shear firmness was higher in W2 than in NW and W5 veal. W2 veal was less elastic (P < 0.05), tender (P < 0.05) and juicy (P < 0.01) than NW and W5 veal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esperanza Bispo
- Department of Animal Production, Mabegondo Research Centre (INGACAL), Apdo 10, 15080 A Coruña, Spain
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89
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Ballin NZ. Authentication of meat and meat products. Meat Sci 2010; 86:577-87. [PMID: 20685045 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2010.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 228] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2010] [Revised: 05/30/2010] [Accepted: 06/03/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, interest in meat authenticity has increased. Many consumers are concerned about the meat they eat and accurate labelling is important to inform consumer choice. Authentication methods can be categorised into the areas where fraud is most likely to occur: meat origin, meat substitution, meat processing treatment and non-meat ingredient addition. Within each area the possibilities for fraud can be subcategorised as follows: meat origin-sex, meat cuts, breed, feed intake, slaughter age, wild versus farmed meat, organic versus conventional meat, and geographic origin; meat substitution-meat species, fat, and protein; meat processing treatment-irradiation, fresh versus thawed meat and meat preparation; non-meat ingredient addition-additives and water. Analytical methods used in authentication are as diverse as the authentication problems, and include a diverse range of equipment and techniques. This review is intended to provide an overview of the possible analytical methods available for meat and meat products authentication. In areas where no authentication methods have been published, possible strategies are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Z Ballin
- Department of Food Chemistry, Regional Veterinary and Food Control Authority, Danish Veterinary and Food Administration, Soendervang 4, DK-4100 Ringsted, Denmark.
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Daley CA, Abbott A, Doyle PS, Nader GA, Larson S. A review of fatty acid profiles and antioxidant content in grass-fed and grain-fed beef. Nutr J 2010; 9:10. [PMID: 20219103 PMCID: PMC2846864 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2891-9-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 384] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2009] [Accepted: 03/10/2010] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Growing consumer interest in grass-fed beef products has raised a number of questions with regard to the perceived differences in nutritional quality between grass-fed and grain-fed cattle. Research spanning three decades suggests that grass-based diets can significantly improve the fatty acid (FA) composition and antioxidant content of beef, albeit with variable impacts on overall palatability. Grass-based diets have been shown to enhance total conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) (C18:2) isomers, trans vaccenic acid (TVA) (C18:1 t11), a precursor to CLA, and omega-3 (n-3) FAs on a g/g fat basis. While the overall concentration of total SFAs is not different between feeding regimens, grass-finished beef tends toward a higher proportion of cholesterol neutral stearic FA (C18:0), and less cholesterol-elevating SFAs such as myristic (C14:0) and palmitic (C16:0) FAs. Several studies suggest that grass-based diets elevate precursors for Vitamin A and E, as well as cancer fighting antioxidants such as glutathione (GT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity as compared to grain-fed contemporaries. Fat conscious consumers will also prefer the overall lower fat content of a grass-fed beef product. However, consumers should be aware that the differences in FA content will also give grass-fed beef a distinct grass flavor and unique cooking qualities that should be considered when making the transition from grain-fed beef. In addition, the fat from grass-finished beef may have a yellowish appearance from the elevated carotenoid content (precursor to Vitamin A). It is also noted that grain-fed beef consumers may achieve similar intakes of both n-3 and CLA through the consumption of higher fat grain-fed portions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia A Daley
- College of Agriculture, California State University, Chico, CA, USA
| | - Amber Abbott
- College of Agriculture, California State University, Chico, CA, USA
| | - Patrick S Doyle
- College of Agriculture, California State University, Chico, CA, USA
| | - Glenn A Nader
- University of California Cooperative Extension Service, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Stephanie Larson
- University of California Cooperative Extension Service, Davis, CA, USA
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