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Duron O, Koual R, Musset L, Buysse M, Lambert Y, Jaulhac B, Blanchet D, Alsibai KD, Lazrek Y, Epelboin L, Deshuillers P, Michaud C, Douine M. Novel Chronic Anaplasmosis in Splenectomized Patient, Amazon Rainforest. Emerg Infect Dis 2022; 28:1673-1676. [PMID: 35876693 PMCID: PMC9328922 DOI: 10.3201/eid2808.212425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a case of unusual human anaplasmosis in the Amazon rainforest of French Guiana. Molecular typing demonstrated that the pathogen is a novel Anaplasma species, distinct to all known species, and more genetically related to recently described Anaplasma spp. causing infections in rainforest wild fauna of Brazil.
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Yan Y, Lu C, Gong P, Pei Z, Peng Y, Jian F, Wang R, Zhang L, Qi M, Ning C. Molecular detection and phylogeny of Anaplasma spp. closely related to Anaplasma phagocytophilum in small ruminants from China. Ticks Tick Borne Dis 2022; 13:101992. [PMID: 35777304 DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2022.101992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The genus Anaplasma comprises eight bacterial species that are obligate intracellular pathogens that affect human and animal health. The zoonotic species A. phagocytophilum is the causative agent of tick-borne fever in ruminants, and of granulocytic anaplasmosis in horses, dogs, and humans. Recently, novel strains related to A. phagocytophilum (A. phagocytophilum-like 1/Japanese variant and A. phagocytophilum-like 2/Chinese variant) have been identified. The aim of this study was to reveal the prevalence and phylogeny of A. phagocytophilum and related stains in small ruminants and ticks in China based on sequences of the 16S rRNA combined restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and groEL genes. PCR-RFLP and phylogenetic analyses based on the 16S rRNA gene showed the presence of A. phagocytophilum-like 1 and 2 variants in sampled animals from China, with prevalence rates of 22.6% (303/1338) and 0.7% (10/1338), respectively. Only A. phagocytophilum-like 1 DNA was found in Haemaphysalis longicornis. The phylogeny based on the groEL gene showed inclusion of A. phagocytophilum-like 1 and some A. phagocytophilum-like 2 strains in two unique clades distinct from, but related to, Japanese and Chinese strains of related A. phagocytophilum, respectively. One noteworthy result was that the SSAP2f/SSAP2r primers detected Ehrlichia spp. strains. Moreover, the A. phagocytophilum-like 1 and 2 strains should be considered in the differential diagnosis of caprine and ovine anaplasmosis. Further investigations should be conducted to provide additional epidemiological information about A. phagocytophilum and A. phagocytophilum-like variants in animals and ticks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqun Yan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, No.15 Longzihu University Area, Zhengdong, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, PR China
| | - Chenyang Lu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, No.15 Longzihu University Area, Zhengdong, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, PR China
| | - Pihong Gong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, No.15 Longzihu University Area, Zhengdong, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, PR China; College of Animal Science, Tarim University, Tarim Road 1487, Alar, Xinjiang 843300, PR China
| | - Zhiyang Pei
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, No.15 Longzihu University Area, Zhengdong, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, PR China; College of Animal Science, Tarim University, Tarim Road 1487, Alar, Xinjiang 843300, PR China
| | - Yongshuai Peng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, No.15 Longzihu University Area, Zhengdong, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, PR China
| | - Fuchun Jian
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, No.15 Longzihu University Area, Zhengdong, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, PR China
| | - Rongjun Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, No.15 Longzihu University Area, Zhengdong, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, PR China
| | - Longxian Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, No.15 Longzihu University Area, Zhengdong, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, PR China
| | - Meng Qi
- College of Animal Science, Tarim University, Tarim Road 1487, Alar, Xinjiang 843300, PR China
| | - Changshen Ning
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, No.15 Longzihu University Area, Zhengdong, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, PR China.
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Yang X, Fu M, Yu Z, Wang J, Song J, Zhao G. Molecular Characterization of Anaplasma spp. among Dairy, Cashmere, and Meat Goats in Shaanxi Province, Northwestern China. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12121566. [PMID: 35739902 PMCID: PMC9219440 DOI: 10.3390/ani12121566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Anaplasma spp. are important tick-borne pathogens endangering the health of humans and various animals. Although several studies have reported Anaplasma infection in livestock in China, little is known about the impact of production categories on the occurrence of Anaplasma species. In the present study, PCR tools targeting the 16S rRNA and msp4 genes were applied to investigate the prevalence of Anaplasma spp. in 509 blood samples of dairy (n = 249), cashmere (n = 139), and meat (n = 121) goats from Shaanxi province. The prevalence of Anaplasma spp. was 58.5% (298/509) in goats, and significant differences (p < 0.001) were identified in the prevalence among production categories, with the highest in meat goats (84.3%, 102/121), followed by cashmere goats (58.3%, 81/139) and dairy goats (46.2%, 115/249). Significant differences (p < 0.001) in prevalence were also found among sampling sites and age groups. Meanwhile, the prevalence was 36.9% (188/509) for A. phagocytophilum, 36.1% (184/509) for A. bovis, and 11.0% (56/509) for A. ovis, and significant differences (p < 0.001) in prevalence of A. phagocytophilum, A. bovis and A. ovis were recognized among production categories and sampling sites. A. phagocytophilum, A. bovis and A. ovis were dominant species in meat, dairy, and cashmere goats, respectively, and A. ovis was absent in meat goats. Co-infections were found in 124 (24.4%) investigated samples. Goats aged < 2, 3−6, and 7−12 months, and goats from Qingjian and Zhenba were risk factors associated with the occurrence of Anaplasma. Phylogenetic analysis indicated separate clades for the distribution of A. phagocytophilum from different ruminant, reflecting potential host adaption within this species. This study reported the colonization occurrence of Anaplasma spp. among production categories in goats in Shaanxi province and enriched our knowledge on the transmission of Anaplasma spp. in goats in China. Considering the existence of zoonotic A. phagocytophilum in goats in this study and previous reports, interventions based on One Health are needed to be developed to control the transmission of Anaplasma spp. between humans and animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; (X.Y.); (M.F.); (J.W.)
| | - Mingzhe Fu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; (X.Y.); (M.F.); (J.W.)
| | - Zhengqing Yu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China;
| | - Junwei Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; (X.Y.); (M.F.); (J.W.)
| | - Junke Song
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; (X.Y.); (M.F.); (J.W.)
- Correspondence: (J.S.); (G.Z.)
| | - Guanghui Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; (X.Y.); (M.F.); (J.W.)
- Correspondence: (J.S.); (G.Z.)
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Jouglin M, Rispe C, Grech-Angelini S, Gallois M, Malandrin L. Anaplasma capra in sheep and goats on Corsica Island, France: A European lineage within A. capra clade II? Ticks Tick Borne Dis 2022; 13:101934. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2022.101934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Bonilla-Aldana DK, Gutiérrez-Grajales EJ, Martínez-Arboleda JP, Reina-Mora MA, Trejos-Mendoza AE, Pérez-Vargas S, Valencia-Mejía L, Marín-Arboleda LF, Osorio-Navia D, Chacón-Peña M, González-Colonia LV, Cardona-Ospina JA, Jiménez-Posada EV, Diaz A, Salazar JC, Sierra M, Muñoz-Lara F, Zambrano LI, Ramírez-Vallejo E, Álvarez JC, Jaramillo-Delgado IL, Pecho-Silva S, Paniz-Mondolfi A, Faccini-Martínez ÁA, Rodríguez-Morales AJ. Seroprevalence canine survey for selected vector-borne pathogens of and its relationship with poverty in metropolitan Pereira, Colombia, 2020. Parasite Epidemiol Control 2022; 17:e00249. [PMID: 35493769 PMCID: PMC9048108 DOI: 10.1016/j.parepi.2022.e00249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- D. Katterine Bonilla-Aldana
- Semillero de Investigación en Zoonosis (SIZOO), Fundación Universitaria Autónoma de las Américas, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia
- Institución Universitaria Visión de las Américas, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia
- Red Colombiana de Enfermedades Transmitidas por Garrapatas en Pequeños Animales (RECEPA) – Colombian Network of Tick-Borne Diseases in Small Animals (RECEPA), Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia
- Committee of Tropical Medicine, Zoonoses and Travel Medicine, Asociación Colombiana de Infectología, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Erwin J. Gutiérrez-Grajales
- Red Colombiana de Enfermedades Transmitidas por Garrapatas en Pequeños Animales (RECEPA) – Colombian Network of Tick-Borne Diseases in Small Animals (RECEPA), Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia
| | - J. Paola Martínez-Arboleda
- Semillero de Investigación en Zoonosis (SIZOO), Fundación Universitaria Autónoma de las Américas, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia
- Institución Universitaria Visión de las Américas, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia
| | - María Angelica Reina-Mora
- Semillero de Investigación en Zoonosis (SIZOO), Fundación Universitaria Autónoma de las Américas, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia
- Institución Universitaria Visión de las Américas, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia
| | - Adrián E. Trejos-Mendoza
- Semillero de Investigación en Zoonosis (SIZOO), Fundación Universitaria Autónoma de las Américas, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia
- Institución Universitaria Visión de las Américas, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia
| | - Soffia Pérez-Vargas
- Semillero de Investigación en Zoonosis (SIZOO), Fundación Universitaria Autónoma de las Américas, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia
- Institución Universitaria Visión de las Américas, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia
| | - Lorenzo Valencia-Mejía
- Semillero de Investigación en Zoonosis (SIZOO), Fundación Universitaria Autónoma de las Américas, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia
- Institución Universitaria Visión de las Américas, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia
| | - Luisa F. Marín-Arboleda
- Semillero de Investigación en Zoonosis (SIZOO), Fundación Universitaria Autónoma de las Américas, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia
- Institución Universitaria Visión de las Américas, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia
| | - Daniela Osorio-Navia
- Semillero de Investigación en Zoonosis (SIZOO), Fundación Universitaria Autónoma de las Américas, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia
- Institución Universitaria Visión de las Américas, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia
| | - Mariana Chacón-Peña
- Semillero de Investigación en Zoonosis (SIZOO), Fundación Universitaria Autónoma de las Américas, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia
- Institución Universitaria Visión de las Américas, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia
| | | | - Jaime A. Cardona-Ospina
- Institución Universitaria Visión de las Américas, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia
- Grupo de Investigación Biomedicina, Faculty of Medicine, Fundación Universitaria Autónoma de las Américas, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia
- Grupo de Investigación en Infecciones Emergentes y Medicina Tropical, Instituto para la Investigación en Ciencias Biomédicas, SCI-HELP, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia
- Committee of Tropical Medicine, Zoonoses and Travel Medicine, Asociación Colombiana de Infectología, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Erika Vanessa Jiménez-Posada
- Grupo de Investigación en Infecciones Emergentes y Medicina Tropical, Instituto para la Investigación en Ciencias Biomédicas, SCI-HELP, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia
| | | | | | - Manuel Sierra
- Unit of Scientific Research, School of Medical, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras (UNAH), Tegucigalpa, Honduras
| | - Fausto Muñoz-Lara
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras (UNAH), Tegucigalpa, Honduras
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Escuela, Tegucigalpa, Honduras
| | - Lysien I. Zambrano
- Unit of Scientific Research, School of Medical, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras (UNAH), Tegucigalpa, Honduras
| | | | - Juan Camilo Álvarez
- Grupo de Investigación One-Health, Departamento de Investigación de Enfermedades Infecciosas en Animales, Centro de Diagnóstico Especializado Testmol, Medellín, Antioquia, Colombia
| | - Ingrid Lorena Jaramillo-Delgado
- Red Colombiana de Enfermedades Transmitidas por Garrapatas en Pequeños Animales (RECEPA) – Colombian Network of Tick-Borne Diseases in Small Animals (RECEPA), Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia
- Grupo de Investigación One-Health, Departamento de Investigación de Enfermedades Infecciosas en Animales, Centro de Diagnóstico Especializado Testmol, Medellín, Antioquia, Colombia
| | - Samuel Pecho-Silva
- Universidad Cientifica del Sur, Lima, Peru
- Hospital Nacional Edgardo Rebagliati Martins, Lima, Peru
| | - Alberto Paniz-Mondolfi
- Laboratory of Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell-based Medicine, The Mount Sinai Hospital-Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
| | - Álvaro A. Faccini-Martínez
- Red Colombiana de Enfermedades Transmitidas por Garrapatas en Pequeños Animales (RECEPA) – Colombian Network of Tick-Borne Diseases in Small Animals (RECEPA), Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
- Committee of Tropical Medicine, Zoonoses and Travel Medicine, Asociación Colombiana de Infectología, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Alfonso J. Rodríguez-Morales
- Institución Universitaria Visión de las Américas, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia
- Red Colombiana de Enfermedades Transmitidas por Garrapatas en Pequeños Animales (RECEPA) – Colombian Network of Tick-Borne Diseases in Small Animals (RECEPA), Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia
- Grupo de Investigación Biomedicina, Faculty of Medicine, Fundación Universitaria Autónoma de las Américas, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia
- Grupo de Investigación en Infecciones Emergentes y Medicina Tropical, Instituto para la Investigación en Ciencias Biomédicas, SCI-HELP, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia
- Universidad Cientifica del Sur, Lima, Peru
- Committee of Tropical Medicine, Zoonoses and Travel Medicine, Asociación Colombiana de Infectología, Bogotá, Colombia
- Corresponding author at: Institución Universitaria Visión de las Américas, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia.
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Vaca DJ, Dobler G, Fischer SF, Keller C, Konrad M, von Loewenich FD, Orenga S, Sapre SU, van Belkum A, Kempf VAJ. Contemporary diagnostics for medically relevant fastidious microorganisms belonging to the genera Anaplasma, Bartonella, Coxiella, Orientia, and Rickettsia. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2022; 46:6530194. [PMID: 35175353 PMCID: PMC9300619 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuac013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Many of the human infectious pathogens—especially the zoonotic or vector-borne bacteria—are fastidious organisms that are difficult to cultivate because of their strong adaption to the infected host culminating in their near-complete physiological dependence on this environment. These bacterial species exhibit reduced multiplication rates once they are removed from their optimal ecological niche. This fact complicates the laboratory diagnosis of the disease and hinders the detection and further characterization of the underlying organisms, e.g. at the level of their resistance to antibiotics due to their slow growth. Here, we describe the current state of microbiological diagnostics for five genera of human pathogens with a fastidious laboratory lifestyle. For Anaplasma spp., Bartonella spp., Coxiella burnetii, Orientia spp. and Rickettsia spp., we will summarize the existing diagnostic protocols, the specific limitations for implementation of novel diagnostic approaches and the need for further optimization or expansion of the diagnostic armamentarium. We will reflect upon the diagnostic opportunities provided by new technologies including mass spectrometry and next-generation nucleic acid sequencing. Finally, we will review the (im)possibilities of rapidly developing new in vitro diagnostic tools for diseases of which the causative agents are fastidiously growing and therefore hard to detect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana J Vaca
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Infection Control, Goethe University of Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Gerhard Dobler
- Department of Virology and Rickettsiology, Bundeswehr Institute of Microbiology, Germany
| | - Silke F Fischer
- National Consulting Laboratory for Coxiella burnetii, State Health Office Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | | | - Maik Konrad
- National Consulting Laboratory for Coxiella burnetii, State Health Office Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | - Volkhard A J Kempf
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Infection Control, Goethe University of Frankfurt, Germany
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He Y, Chen W, Ma P, Wei Y, Li R, Chen Z, Tian S, Qi T, Yang J, Sun Y, Li J, Kang M, Li Y. Molecular detection of Anaplasma spp., Babesia spp. and Theileria spp. in yaks (Bos grunniens) and Tibetan sheep (Ovis aries) on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, China. Parasit Vectors 2021; 14:613. [PMID: 34949216 PMCID: PMC8697493 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-021-05109-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anaplasma, Babesia and Theileria are tick-borne pathogens (TBPs) that affect livestock worldwide. However, information on these pathogens in yaks (Bos grunniens) and Tibetan sheep (Ovis aries) on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP), China, is limited. In this study, Anaplasma spp., Babesia spp. and Theileria spp. infections were assessed in yaks and Tibetan sheep from Qinghai Province. METHODS A total of 734 blood samples were collected from 425 yaks and 309 Tibetan sheep at nine sampling sites. Standard or nested polymerase chain reaction was employed to screen all the blood samples using species- or genus-specific primers. RESULTS The results showed that 14.1% (60/425) of yaks and 79.9% (247/309) of Tibetan sheep were infected with at least one pathogen. Anaplasma ovis, Anaplasma bovis, Anaplasma capra, Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Babesia bovis and Theileria spp. were detected in this study, with total infection rates for all the assessed animals of 22.1% (162/734), 16.3% (120/734), 23.6% (173/734), 8.2% (60/734), 2.7% (20/734) and 19.3% (142/734), respectively. For yaks, the infection rate of A. bovis was 6.4% (27/425), that of B. bovis was 4.7% (20/425) and that of Theileria spp. was 3.3% (14/425). Moreover, 52.4% (162/309) of the Tibetan sheep samples were infected with A. ovis, 30.1% (93/309) with A. bovis, 56.0% (173/309) with A. capra, 19.4% (60/309) with A. phagocytophilum and 41.4% (128/309) with Theileria spp. CONCLUSIONS This study revealed the prevalence of Anaplasma spp., Babesia spp. and Theileria spp. in yaks and Tibetan sheep in Qinghai Province, China, and provides new data for a better understanding of the epidemiology of TBPs in these animals in this area of the QTP, China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongcai He
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016 China
- College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016 China
| | - Wangkai Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016 China
- College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016 China
| | - Ping Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016 China
- College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016 China
| | - Yaoping Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016 China
- College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016 China
| | - Ruishan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016 China
- College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016 China
| | - Zhihong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016 China
- College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016 China
| | - Shuyu Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016 China
- College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016 China
| | - Tongsheng Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016 China
- College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016 China
| | - Jinfang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016 China
- College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016 China
| | - Yali Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016 China
- College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016 China
| | - Jixu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016 China
- College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016 China
| | - Ming Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016 China
- College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016 China
| | - Ying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016 China
- College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016 China
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Ticks and Tick-Borne Pathogens Abound in the Cattle Population of the Rabat-Sale Kenitra Region, Morocco. Pathogens 2021; 10:pathogens10121594. [PMID: 34959550 PMCID: PMC8703448 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10121594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Tick-borne pathogens cause the majority of diseases in the cattle population in Morocco. In this study, ticks were collected from cattle in the Rabat-Sale-Kenitra region of Morocco and identified morphologically, while tick-borne pathogens were detected in cattle blood samples via polymerase chain reaction assay and sequencing. A total of 3394 adult ixodid ticks were collected from cattle and identified as eight different tick species representing two genera, Hyalomma and Rhipicephalus. The collected ticks consisted of Hyalomma marginatum, Hyalomma anatolicum excavatum, Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato, Rhipicephalus bursa, Hyalomma detritum, Hyalomma lusitanicum, Hyalomma dromedarii, and Hyalomma impeltatum. The overall prevalence of tick-borne pathogens in blood samples was 63.8%, with 29.3% positive for Babesia/Theileria spp., 51.2% for Anaplasma/Ehrlichia spp., and none of the samples positive for Rickettsia spp. Sequencing results revealed the presence of Theileria annulata, Babesia bovis, Anaplasma marginale, Theileria buffeli, Theileria orientalis, Babesia occultans, Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Anaplasma capra, Anaplasma platys, Anaplasma bovis, Ehrlichia minasensis, and one isolate of an unknown bovine Anaplasma sp. Crossbreeds, females, older age, and high tick infestation were the most important risk factors for the abundance of tick-borne pathogens, which occurred most frequently in Jorf El Melha, Sidi Yahya Zaer, Ait Ichou, and Arbaoua locations.
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