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Bader DA, Hartig SM, Putluri V, Foley C, Hamilton MP, Smith EA, Saha PK, Panigrahi A, Walker C, Zong L, Martini-Stoica H, Chen R, Rajapakshe K, Coarfa C, Sreekumar A, Mitsiades N, Bankson JA, Ittmann MM, O’Malley BW, Putluri N, McGuire SE. Mitochondrial pyruvate import is a metabolic vulnerability in androgen receptor-driven prostate cancer. Nat Metab 2019; 1:70-85. [PMID: 31198906 PMCID: PMC6563330 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-018-0002-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Specific metabolic underpinnings of androgen receptor (AR)-driven growth in prostate adenocarcinoma (PCa) are largely undefined, hindering the development of strategies to leverage the metabolic dependencies of this disease when hormonal manipulations fail. Here we show that the mitochondrial pyruvate carrier (MPC), a critical metabolic conduit linking cytosolic and mitochondrial metabolism, is transcriptionally regulated by AR. Experimental MPC inhibition restricts proliferation and metabolic outputs of the citric acid cycle (TCA) including lipogenesis and oxidative phosphorylation in AR-driven PCa models. Mechanistically, metabolic disruption resulting from MPC inhibition activates the eIF2α/ATF4 integrated stress response (ISR). ISR signaling prevents cell cycle progression while coordinating salvage efforts, chiefly enhanced glutamine assimilation into the TCA, to regain metabolic homeostasis. We confirm that MPC function is operant in PCa tumors in-vivo using isotopomeric metabolic flux analysis. In turn, we apply a clinically viable small molecule targeting the MPC, MSDC0160, to pre-clinical PCa models and find that MPC inhibition suppresses tumor growth in hormone-responsive and castrate-resistant conditions. Collectively, our findings characterize the MPC as a tractable therapeutic target in AR-driven prostate tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A. Bader
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor
College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Correspondence should be addressed to S.E.M.
() or D.A.B.
()
| | - Sean M. Hartig
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor
College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes,
and Metabolism, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Vasanta Putluri
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor
College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine,
Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Christopher Foley
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor
College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Mark P. Hamilton
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor
College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Eric A. Smith
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor
College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Pradip K. Saha
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor
College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes,
and Metabolism, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Anil Panigrahi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor
College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Christopher Walker
- Department of Imaging Physics, Division of Diagnostic
Imaging, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston TX 77030,
USA
| | - Lin Zong
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor
College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Heidi Martini-Stoica
- Interdepartmental Program in Translational Biology and
Molecular Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Rui Chen
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College
of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Kimal Rajapakshe
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor
College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine,
Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Cristian Coarfa
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor
College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine,
Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Arun Sreekumar
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor
College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine,
Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Nicholas Mitsiades
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor
College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology &
Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - James A. Bankson
- Department of Imaging Physics, Division of Diagnostic
Imaging, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston TX 77030,
USA
| | - Michael M. Ittmann
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor
College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Pathology, Baylor College of Medicine,
Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Bert W. O’Malley
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor
College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Nagireddy Putluri
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor
College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine,
Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Sean E. McGuire
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor
College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Division of Radiation
Oncology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston TX 77030,
USA
- Correspondence should be addressed to S.E.M.
() or D.A.B.
()
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Li J, Li N, Yan S, Lu Y, Miao X, Gu Z, Shao Y. Melatonin attenuates renal fibrosis in diabetic mice by activating the AMPK/PGC1α signaling pathway and rescuing mitochondrial function. Mol Med Rep 2018; 19:1318-1330. [PMID: 30535482 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial homeostasis is a highly regulated process that serves a critical role in the maintenance of renal structure and function. The growing interest in the field of mitochondrial homeostasis promises to provide more information regarding the mechanisms involved in diabetic renal fibrosis, and aid in the development of novel strategies to combat the disease. In the present study, the effects of melatonin on renal damage in mice with diabetes were evaluated and the underlying mechanisms were investigated. Cellular apoptosis was determined using TUNEL assay and western blotting. Mitochondrial function was measured using fluorescence assay and western blotting. The results indicated that diabetic renal fibrosis was associated with 5'adenosine monophosphate‑activated protein kinase (AMPK) downregulation. However, melatonin administration rescued AMPK activity, reduced diabetic renal fibrosis, alleviated glomerular apoptosis and preserved kidney function. The functional experiments demonstrated that melatonin‑induced AMPK activation enhanced peroxisome proliferator‑activated receptor γ coactivator 1‑α (PGC1α) expression, sustained mitochondrial function and blocked mitochondrial apoptosis, leading to protection of the glomerulus against glucotoxicity. However, loss of AMPK and PGC1α negated the protective effects of melatonin on mitochondrial homeostasis, glomerular survival and diabetic renal fibrosis. In summary, the present study revealed that melatonin rescued impaired mitochondrial function and reduced glomerular apoptosis in the context of diabetic renal fibrosis by activating the AMPK/PGC1α pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Li
- Department of Geriatric Endocrinology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Center of Geriatric Medicine, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Nan Li
- Department of Geriatric Endocrinology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Center of Geriatric Medicine, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Shuangtong Yan
- Department of Geriatric Endocrinology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Center of Geriatric Medicine, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Yanhui Lu
- Department of Geriatric Endocrinology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Center of Geriatric Medicine, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Xinyu Miao
- Department of Geriatric Endocrinology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Center of Geriatric Medicine, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Zhaoyan Gu
- Department of Geriatric Endocrinology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Center of Geriatric Medicine, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Yinghong Shao
- Outpatient Department, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
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Zou S, Zhu L, Huang K, Luo H, Xu W, He X. Adipose tissues of MPC1 ± mice display altered lipid metabolism-related enzyme expression levels. PeerJ 2018; 6:e5799. [PMID: 30397542 PMCID: PMC6214228 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.5799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial pyruvate carrier 1 (MPC1) is a component of the MPC1/MPC2 heterodimer that facilitates the transport of pyruvate into mitochondria. Pyruvate plays a central role in carbohydrate, fatty, and amino acid catabolism. The present study examined epididymal white adipose tissue (eWAT) and intrascapular brown adipose tissue (iBAT) from MPC1± mice following 24 weeks of feeding, which indicated low energy accumulation as evidenced by low body and eWAT weight and adipocyte volume. To characterize molecular changes in energy metabolism, we analyzed the transcriptomes of the adipose tissues using RNA-Sequencing (RNA-Seq). The results showed that the fatty acid oxidation pathway was activated and several genes involved in this pathway were upregulated. Furthermore, qPCR and western blotting indicated that numerous genes and proteins that participate in lipolysis were also upregulated. Based on these findings, we propose that the energy deficiency caused by reduced MPC1 activity can be alleviated by activating the lipolytic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiying Zou
- China Agricultural University, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Safety Assessment of Genetically Modified Organism (Food Safety), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Liye Zhu
- China Agricultural University, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Safety Assessment of Genetically Modified Organism (Food Safety), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Kunlun Huang
- China Agricultural University, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Safety Assessment of Genetically Modified Organism (Food Safety), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Haoshu Luo
- China Agricultural University, College of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wentao Xu
- China Agricultural University, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Safety Assessment of Genetically Modified Organism (Food Safety), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyun He
- China Agricultural University, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Safety Assessment of Genetically Modified Organism (Food Safety), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
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McCommis KS, Finck BN. Treating Hepatic Steatosis and Fibrosis by Modulating Mitochondrial Pyruvate Metabolism. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2018; 7:275-284. [PMID: 30686780 PMCID: PMC6352854 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2018.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Revised: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A hepatic comorbidity of metabolic syndrome, known as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), is increasing in prevalence in conjunction with the pandemics of obesity and diabetes. The spectrum of NAFLD ranges from simple hepatic fat accumulation to a more severe disease termed nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), involving inflammation, hepatocyte death, and fibrosis. Importantly, NASH is linked to a much higher risk of cirrhosis, liver failure, and hepatocellular carcinoma, as well as an increased risk for nonhepatic malignancies and cardiovascular disease. Interest in the understanding of the disease processes and search for treatments for the spectrum of NAFLD-NASH has increased exponentially, but there are no approved pharmacologic therapies. In this review, we discuss the existing literature supporting insulin-sensitizing thiazolidinedione compounds as potential drug candidates for the treatment of NASH. In addition, we put these results into new context by summarizing recent studies suggesting these compounds alter mitochondrial metabolism by binding and inhibiting the mitochondrial pyruvate carrier.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Brian N. Finck
- Correspondence Address correspondence to: Brian N. Finck, 660 South Euclid Avenue, Campus Box 8031, St. Louis, Missouri 63110. fax: (314) 362-8230.
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Colca JR, McDonald WG, Adams WJ. MSDC-0602K, a metabolic modulator directed at the core pathology of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2018; 27:631-636. [PMID: 29950116 DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2018.1494153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a serious form of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) for which there is no marketed treatments. NAFLD is initiated by excess intake of nutrients and recent evidence has pinpointed the mitochondrial pyruvate carrier (MPC) as a mediator of the nutritional overload signals. Areas covered: An overview is given of MSDC-0602K, a new agent in development that modulates the MPC and as such treats the symptoms of fatty liver including dysfunctional lipid metabolism, inflammation, and insulin resistance as well as the key liver pathology including fibrosis. METHODOLOGY The current evaluation is written from the direct experience of the authors and review of published literature using standard search techniques. Expert Opinion: The mechanism of action of MSDC-0602K appears to be suited for treatment of the NASH pathophysiology. An ongoing phase 2b dose-ranging trial should demonstrate whether or not MSDC-0602K has the potential to be a cornerstone metabolic therapy for the treatment of NASH.
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