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Lofredi R, Neumann W, Brücke C, Huebl J, Krauss JK, Schneider G, Kühn AA. Pallidal beta bursts in Parkinson's disease and dystonia. Mov Disord 2018; 34:420-424. [DOI: 10.1002/mds.27524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Roxanne Lofredi
- Movement Disorders and Neuromodulation Unit, Department of NeurologyCharité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - Wolf‐Julian Neumann
- Movement Disorders and Neuromodulation Unit, Department of NeurologyCharité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - Christof Brücke
- Movement Disorders and Neuromodulation Unit, Department of NeurologyCharité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - Julius Huebl
- Movement Disorders and Neuromodulation Unit, Department of NeurologyCharité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany
| | | | | | - Andrea A. Kühn
- Movement Disorders and Neuromodulation Unit, Department of NeurologyCharité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany
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Zhuang QX, Li GY, Li B, Zhang CZ, Zhang XY, Xi K, Li HZ, Wang JJ, Zhu JN. Regularizing firing patterns of rat subthalamic neurons ameliorates parkinsonian motor deficits. J Clin Invest 2018; 128:5413-5427. [PMID: 30226827 DOI: 10.1172/jci99986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The subthalamic nucleus (STN) is an effective therapeutic target for deep brain stimulation (DBS) for Parkinson's disease (PD), and histamine levels are elevated in the basal ganglia in PD patients. However, the effect of endogenous histaminergic modulation on STN neuronal activities and the neuronal mechanism underlying STN-DBS are unknown. Here, we report that STN neuronal firing patterns are more crucial than firing rates for motor control. Histamine excited STN neurons, but paradoxically ameliorated parkinsonian motor deficits, which we attributed to regularizing firing patterns of STN neurons via the hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated channel 2 (HCN2) channel coupled to the H2 receptor. Intriguingly, DBS increased histamine release in the STN and regularized STN neuronal firing patterns under parkinsonian conditions. HCN2 contributed to the DBS-induced regularization of neuronal firing patterns, suppression of excessive β oscillations, and alleviation of motor deficits in PD. The results reveal an indispensable role for regularizing STN neuronal firing patterns in amelioration of parkinsonian motor dysfunction and a functional compensation for histamine in parkinsonian basal ganglia circuitry. The findings provide insights into mechanisms of STN-DBS as well as potential therapeutic targets and STN-DBS strategies for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian-Xing Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Department of Physiology, School of Life Sciences, and
| | - Guang-Ying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Department of Physiology, School of Life Sciences, and
| | - Bin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Department of Physiology, School of Life Sciences, and
| | - Chang-Zheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Department of Physiology, School of Life Sciences, and
| | - Xiao-Yang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Department of Physiology, School of Life Sciences, and
| | - Kang Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Department of Physiology, School of Life Sciences, and
| | - Hong-Zhao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Department of Physiology, School of Life Sciences, and
| | - Jian-Jun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Department of Physiology, School of Life Sciences, and.,Institute for Brain Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jing-Ning Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Department of Physiology, School of Life Sciences, and.,Institute for Brain Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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Cova I, Priori A. Diagnostic biomarkers for Parkinson's disease at a glance: where are we? J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2018; 125:1417-1432. [PMID: 30145631 PMCID: PMC6132920 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-018-1910-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder whose aetiology remains unclear: degeneration involves several neurotransmission systems, resulting in a heterogeneous disease characterized by motor and non-motor symptoms. PD causes progressive disability that responds only to symptomatic therapies. Future advances include neuroprotective strategies for use in at-risk populations before the clinical onset of disease, hence the continuing need to identify reliable biomarkers that can facilitate the clinical diagnosis of PD. In this evaluative review, we summarize information on potential diagnostic biomarkers for use in the clinical and preclinical stages of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Cova
- Neurology Unit, L. Sacco University Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Alberto Priori
- Department of Health Sciences, "Aldo Ravelli" Research Center for Neurotechnology and Experimental Brain Therapeutics, University of Milan and ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Milan, Italy.
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Piña-Fuentes D, van Zijl JC, van Dijk JMC, Little S, Tinkhauser G, Oterdoom DLM, Tijssen MAJ, Beudel M. The characteristics of pallidal low-frequency and beta bursts could help implementing adaptive brain stimulation in the parkinsonian and dystonic internal globus pallidus. Neurobiol Dis 2018; 121:47-57. [PMID: 30227227 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2018.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Revised: 09/08/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Adaptive deep brain stimulation (aDBS) has been applied in Parkinson's disease (PD), based on the presence of brief high-amplitude beta (13-35 Hz) oscillation bursts in the subthalamic nucleus (STN), which correlate with symptom severity. Analogously, average low-frequency (LF) oscillatory power (4-12 Hz) in the internal globus pallidus (GPi) correlates with dystonic symptoms and might be a suitable physiomarker for aDBS in dystonia. Characterization of pallidal bursts could facilitate the implementation of aDBS in the GPi of PD and dystonia patients. OBJECTIVE AND METHODS We aimed to describe the bursting behaviour of LF and beta oscillations in a cohort of five GPi-DBS PD patients and compare their amplitude and length with those of a cohort of seven GPi-DBS dystonia, and six STN-DBS PD patients (n electrodes = 34). Furthermore, we used the information obtained to set up aDBS and test it in the GPi of both a dystonia and a PD patient (n = 2), using either LF (dystonia) or beta oscillations (PD) as feedback signals. RESULTS LF and beta oscillations in the dystonic and parkinsonian GPi occur as phasic, short-lived bursts, similarly to the parkinsonian STN. The amplitude profile of such bursts, however, differed significantly. Dystonia showed higher LF burst amplitudes, while PD presented higher beta burst amplitudes. Burst characteristics in the parkinsonian GPi and STN were similar. Furthermore, aDBS applied in the GPi was feasible and well tolerated in both diseases. CONCLUSION Pallidal LF and beta burst amplitudes have different characteristics in PD and dystonia. The presence of increased burst amplitudes could be employed as feedback for GPi-aDBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Piña-Fuentes
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jonathan C van Zijl
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - J Marc C van Dijk
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Simon Little
- Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK
| | - Gerd Tinkhauser
- Medical Research Council Brain Network Dynamics Unit and Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology, Bern University Hospital and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - D L Marinus Oterdoom
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marina A J Tijssen
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Martijn Beudel
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Neurology, Isala Clinics, Zwolle, The Netherlands.
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Deng C, Sun T, Gale JT, Montgomery EB, Santaniello S. Effects of the temporal pattern of subthalamic deep brain stimulation on the neuronal complexity in the globus pallidus. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2018; 2017:3352-3355. [PMID: 29060615 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2017.8037574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a surgical treatment for Parkinson's disease (PD) but, despite clinical efficacy, the mechanisms of DBS still require investigation. Recent evidence suggests that the temporal pattern of the electrical pulses may be critical to the therapeutic merit of DBS and carefully-designed, non-regular patterns could ameliorate some of the motor symptoms in PD. It is unclear, though, how different stimulation patterns affect the neural activity in the basal ganglia and whether this is related to the pathophysiology of PD. In this study, a non-human primate was treated with DBS of the subthalamic nucleus while single-unit recordings were collected in the animal's globus pallidus internus (GPi). Three stimulation patterns were applied (one regular, two non-regular) and the stimulation effects on the GPi spike trains were assessed via point process modeling. On a preliminary set of 23 GPi neurons, we show that regular DBS maximized the neuronal complexity, which is a measure of the amount of information that a single neuron can encode, and significantly increased the dependency of the neurons' spike trains on the background ensemble activity through an articulated balance of excitation and inhibition. Overall, regular DBS caused the largest modulation in the neurons' spiking pattern and the largest increment in encoding capabilities. Both results may be relevant to the mechanisms of therapeutic DBS.
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56
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Zhao D, Sun Q, Cheng S, He M, Chen X, Hou X. Extraction of Parkinson’s Disease-Related Features from Local Field Potentials for Adaptive Deep Brain Stimulation. NEUROPHYSIOLOGY+ 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11062-018-9717-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Pallidal Deep-Brain Stimulation Disrupts Pallidal Beta Oscillations and Coherence with Primary Motor Cortex in Parkinson's Disease. J Neurosci 2018; 38:4556-4568. [PMID: 29661966 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0431-18.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Revised: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
In Parkinson's disease (PD), subthalamic nucleus beta band oscillations are decreased by therapeutic deep-brain stimulation (DBS) and this has been proposed as important to the mechanism of therapy. The globus pallidus is a common alternative target for PD with similar motor benefits as subthalamic DBS, but effects of pallidal stimulation in PD are not well studied, and effects of pallidal DBS on cortical function in PD are unknown. Here, in 20 PD and 14 isolated dystonia human patients of both genders undergoing pallidal DBS lead implantation, we recorded local field potentials from the globus pallidus and in a subset of these, recorded simultaneous sensorimotor cortex ECoG potentials. PD patients had elevated resting pallidal low beta band (13-20 Hz) power compared with dystonia patients, whereas dystonia patients had elevated resting pallidal theta band (4-8 Hz) power compared with PD. We show that this results in disease-specific patterns of interaction between the pallidum and motor cortex: PD patients demonstrated relatively elevated phase coherence with the motor cortex in the beta band and this was reduced by therapeutic pallidal DBS. Dystonia patients had greater theta band phase coherence. Our results support the hypothesis that specific motor phenomenology observed in movement disorders are associated with elevated network oscillations in specific frequency bands, and that DBS in movement disorders acts in general by disrupting elevated synchronization between basal ganglia output and motor cortex.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Perturbations in synchronized oscillatory activity in brain networks are increasingly recognized as important features in movement disorders. The globus pallidus is a commonly used target for deep-brain stimulation (DBS) in Parkinson's disease (PD), however, the effects of pallidal DBS on basal ganglia and cortical oscillations are unknown. Using invasive intraoperative recordings in patients with PD and isolated dystonia, we found disease-specific patterns of elevated oscillatory synchronization within the pallidum and in coherence between pallidum and motor cortex. Therapeutic pallidal DBS in PD suppresses these elevated synchronizations, reducing the influence of diseased basal ganglia on cortical physiology. We propose a general mechanism for DBS therapy in movement disorders: functional disconnection of basal ganglia output and motor cortex by coherence suppression.
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58
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Sun Q, Zhao D, Cheng S, Hou X, Zhao X, Tian Y. A feature extraction method for adaptive DBS using an improved EMD. Int J Neurosci 2018. [PMID: 29527963 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2018.1450253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Local field potential (LFP) of a patient with Parkinson's disease often shows abnormal oscillation phenomenon. Extracting and studying this phenomenon and designing adaptive deep brain stimulation (DBS) control library have great significance in the treatment of disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS This paper has designed a feature extraction method based on modified empirical mode decomposition (EMD) which extracts the abnormal oscillation signal in the time domain to increase the overall performance. The intrinsic mode function (IMF) component which contains abnormal oscillation is extracted by using EMD before an intrinsic characteristic of the oscillation signal is obtained. Abnormal oscillation signal is acquired using signal normalization, peak counting, and envelope method with a threshold which in turn keeps the integrity and accuracy as well as the efficiency. RESULTS Comparative study of eight patients (six patients with DBS closed and drugs stopped; two patients with stimulation) has verified the feasibility of using modified EMD in extracting abnormal oscillation signal. The results showed that patients who take DBS suffer less abnormal oscillation than those who take no treatment. These results match the energy rise in the band of 3-30 Hz on local field potential spectrum of the patient with Parkinson's disease. CONCLUSIONS Unlike previous oscillation extraction algorithm, improved EMD feature extraction method directly isolates abnormal oscillation signal from LFP. Significant improvement has been made in feature extraction algorithm in adaptability, real-time performance, and accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qifeng Sun
- a Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Bio-information, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications , Chongqing , China
| | - Dechun Zhao
- a Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Bio-information, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications , Chongqing , China
| | - Shanshan Cheng
- a Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Bio-information, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications , Chongqing , China
| | - Xiaorong Hou
- b Information Management Department, College of Medical informatics, Chongqing Medical University , Chongqing , China
| | - Xing Zhao
- a Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Bio-information, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications , Chongqing , China
| | - Yin Tian
- a Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Bio-information, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications , Chongqing , China
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Occurrence of thalamic high frequency oscillations in patients with different tremor syndromes. Clin Neurophysiol 2018; 129:959-966. [PMID: 29554578 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2018.01.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Revised: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess whether high frequency oscillations (HFOs, >150 Hz), known to occur in basal ganglia nuclei, can be observed in the thalamus. METHODS We recorded intraoperative local field potentials from the ventral intermediate nucleus (VIM) of the thalamus in patients with Essential Tremor (N = 16), Parkinsonian Tremor (3), Holmes Tremor (2) and Dystonic Tremor (1) during implantation of electrodes for deep brain stimulation. Recordings were performed with up to five micro/macro-electrodes that were simultaneously advanced to the stereotactic target. RESULTS Thalamic HFOs occurred in all investigated tremor syndromes. A detailed analysis of the Essential Tremor subgroup revealed that medial channels recorded HFOs more frequently than other channels. The highest peaks were observed 4 mm above target. Macro- but not microelectrode recordings were dominated by peaks in the slow HFO band (150-300 Hz), which were stable across several depths and channels. CONCLUSION HFOs occur in the thalamus and are not specific to any of the tremors investigated. Their spatial distribution is not homogeneous, and their appearance depends on the type of electrode used for recording. SIGNIFICANCE The occurrence of HFOs in the thalamus of tremor patients indicates that HFOs are not part of basal ganglia pathophysiology.
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Neumann W, Horn A, Ewert S, Huebl J, Brücke C, Slentz C, Schneider G, Kühn AA. A localized pallidal physiomarker in cervical dystonia. Ann Neurol 2017; 82:912-924. [DOI: 10.1002/ana.25095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Revised: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wolf‐Julian Neumann
- Department of Neurology, Movement Disorders and Neuromodulation Unit, Campus Charite MittéCharité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin
| | - Andreas Horn
- Department of Neurology, Movement Disorders and Neuromodulation Unit, Campus Charite MittéCharité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin
| | - Siobhan Ewert
- Department of Neurology, Movement Disorders and Neuromodulation Unit, Campus Charite MittéCharité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin
| | - Julius Huebl
- Department of Neurology, Movement Disorders and Neuromodulation Unit, Campus Charite MittéCharité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin
| | - Christof Brücke
- Department of Neurology, Movement Disorders and Neuromodulation Unit, Campus Charite MittéCharité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin
| | - Colleen Slentz
- Department of Neurology, Movement Disorders and Neuromodulation Unit, Campus Charite MittéCharité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin
| | - Gerd‐Helge Schneider
- Department of Neurosurgery, Campus Charite MittéCharité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin
| | - Andrea A. Kühn
- Department of Neurology, Movement Disorders and Neuromodulation Unit, Campus Charite MittéCharité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin
- Berlin School of Mind and BrainCharité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin
- NeuroCureCharité–Universitätsmedizin BerlinBerlin Germany
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61
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Escobar Sanabria D, Johnson LA, Nebeck SD, Zhang J, Johnson MD, Baker KB, Molnar GF, Vitek JL. Parkinsonism and vigilance: alteration in neural oscillatory activity and phase-amplitude coupling in the basal ganglia and motor cortex. J Neurophysiol 2017; 118:2654-2669. [PMID: 28835526 PMCID: PMC5672540 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00388.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2017] [Revised: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 08/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Oscillatory neural activity in different frequency bands and phase-amplitude coupling (PAC) are hypothesized to be biomarkers of Parkinson's disease (PD) that could explain dysfunction in the motor circuit and be used for closed-loop deep brain stimulation (DBS). How these putative biomarkers change from the normal to the parkinsonian state across nodes in the motor circuit and within the same subject, however, remains unknown. In this study, we characterized how parkinsonism and vigilance altered oscillatory activity and PAC within the primary motor cortex (M1), subthalamic nucleus (STN), and globus pallidus (GP) in two nonhuman primates. Static and dynamic analyses of local field potential (LFP) recordings indicate that 1) after induction of parkinsonism using the neurotoxin MPTP, low-frequency power (8-30 Hz) increased in the STN and GP in both subjects, but increased in M1 in only one subject; 2) high-frequency power (~330 Hz) was present in the STN in both normal subjects but absent in the parkinsonian condition; 3) elevated PAC measurements emerged in the parkinsonian condition in both animals, but in different sites in each animal (M1 in one subject and GPe in the other); and 4) the state of vigilance significantly impacted how oscillatory activity and PAC were expressed in the motor circuit. These results support the hypothesis that changes in low- and high-frequency oscillatory activity and PAC are features of parkinsonian pathophysiology and provide evidence that closed-loop DBS systems based on these biomarkers may require subject-specific configurations as well as adaptation to changes in vigilance.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Chronically implanted electrodes were used to record neural activity across multiple nodes in the basal ganglia-thalamocortical circuit simultaneously in a nonhuman primate model of Parkinson's disease, enabling within-subject comparisons of electrophysiological biomarkers between normal and parkinsonian conditions and different vigilance states. This study improves our understanding of the role of oscillatory activity and phase-amplitude coupling in the pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease and supports the development of more effective DBS therapies based on pathophysiological biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luke A Johnson
- Department of Neurology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota; and
| | - Shane D Nebeck
- Department of Neurology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota; and
| | - Jianyu Zhang
- Department of Neurology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota; and
| | - Matthew D Johnson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Kenneth B Baker
- Department of Neurology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota; and
| | - Gregory F Molnar
- Department of Neurology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota; and
| | - Jerrold L Vitek
- Department of Neurology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota; and
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Hoang KB, Cassar IR, Grill WM, Turner DA. Biomarkers and Stimulation Algorithms for Adaptive Brain Stimulation. Front Neurosci 2017; 11:564. [PMID: 29066947 PMCID: PMC5641319 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2017.00564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The goal of this review is to describe in what ways feedback or adaptive stimulation may be delivered and adjusted based on relevant biomarkers. Specific treatment mechanisms underlying therapeutic brain stimulation remain unclear, in spite of the demonstrated efficacy in a number of nervous system diseases. Brain stimulation appears to exert widespread influence over specific neural networks that are relevant to specific disease entities. In awake patients, activation or suppression of these neural networks can be assessed by either symptom alleviation (i.e., tremor, rigidity, seizures) or physiological criteria, which may be predictive of expected symptomatic treatment. Secondary verification of network activation through specific biomarkers that are linked to symptomatic disease improvement may be useful for several reasons. For example, these biomarkers could aid optimal intraoperative localization, possibly improve efficacy or efficiency (i.e., reduced power needs), and provide long-term adaptive automatic adjustment of stimulation parameters. Possible biomarkers for use in portable or implanted devices span from ongoing physiological brain activity, evoked local field potentials (LFPs), and intermittent pathological activity, to wearable devices, biochemical, blood flow, optical, or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) changes, temperature changes, or optogenetic signals. First, however, potential biomarkers must be correlated directly with symptom or disease treatment and network activation. Although numerous biomarkers are under consideration for a variety of stimulation indications the feasibility of these approaches has yet to be fully determined. Particularly, there are critical questions whether the use of adaptive systems can improve efficacy over continuous stimulation, facilitate adjustment of stimulation interventions and improve our understanding of the role of abnormal network function in disease mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly B. Hoang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Isaac R. Cassar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Warren M. Grill
- Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
- Department of Neurobiology, Duke University Medical Center, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Dennis A. Turner
- Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
- Department of Neurobiology, Duke University Medical Center, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
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Pallidal low β-low γ phase-amplitude coupling inversely correlates with Parkinson disease symptoms. Clin Neurophysiol 2017; 128:2165-2178. [PMID: 28942154 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2017.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Revised: 07/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Recent discoveries suggest that it is most likely the coupling of β oscillations (13-30Hz) and not merely their power that relates to Parkinson disease (PD) pathophysiology. METHODS We analyzed power and phase amplitude coupling (PAC) in local field potentials (LFP) recorded from Pallidum after placement of deep brain stimulation (DBS) leads in nineteen PD patients and three patients with dystonia. RESULTS Within GPi, we identified PAC between phase of β and amplitude of high frequency oscillations (200-300Hz) and distinct β-low γ (40-80Hz) PAC both modulated by contralateral movement. Resting β-low γ PAC, also present in dystonia patients, inversely correlated with severity of rigidity and bradykinesia (R=-0.44, P=0.028). These findings were specific to the low β band, suggesting a differential role for the two β sub-bands. CONCLUSIONS PAC is present across distinct frequency bands within the GPi. Given the presence of low β-low γ PAC in dystonia and the inverse correlation with symptom severity, we propose that this PAC may be a normal pallidal signal. SIGNIFICANCE This study provides new evidence on the pathophysiological contribution of local pallidal coupling and suggests similar and distinct patterns of coupling within GPi and STN in PD.
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Lozano AM, Hutchison WD, Kalia SK. What Have We Learned About Movement Disorders from Functional Neurosurgery? Annu Rev Neurosci 2017; 40:453-477. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-neuro-070815-013906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andres M. Lozano
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5T 2S8, Canada;, ,
- Krembil Research Institute, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M5T 2S8, Canada
| | - William D. Hutchison
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5T 2S8, Canada;, ,
- Krembil Research Institute, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M5T 2S8, Canada
| | - Suneil K. Kalia
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5T 2S8, Canada;, ,
- Krembil Research Institute, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M5T 2S8, Canada
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Swann NC, de Hemptinne C, Miocinovic S, Qasim S, Ostrem JL, Galifianakis NB, Luciano MS, Wang SS, Ziman N, Taylor R, Starr PA. Chronic multisite brain recordings from a totally implantable bidirectional neural interface: experience in 5 patients with Parkinson's disease. J Neurosurg 2017; 128:605-616. [PMID: 28409730 DOI: 10.3171/2016.11.jns161162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Dysfunction of distributed neural networks underlies many brain disorders. The development of neuromodulation therapies depends on a better understanding of these networks. Invasive human brain recordings have a favorable temporal and spatial resolution for the analysis of network phenomena but have generally been limited to acute intraoperative recording or short-term recording through temporarily externalized leads. Here, the authors describe their initial experience with an investigational, first-generation, totally implantable, bidirectional neural interface that allows both continuous therapeutic stimulation and recording of field potentials at multiple sites in a neural network. METHODS Under a physician-sponsored US Food and Drug Administration investigational device exemption, 5 patients with Parkinson's disease were implanted with the Activa PC+S system (Medtronic Inc.). The device was attached to a quadripolar lead placed in the subdural space over motor cortex, for electrocorticography potential recordings, and to a quadripolar lead in the subthalamic nucleus (STN), for both therapeutic stimulation and recording of local field potentials. Recordings from the brain of each patient were performed at multiple time points over a 1-year period. RESULTS There were no serious surgical complications or interruptions in deep brain stimulation therapy. Signals in both the cortex and the STN were relatively stable over time, despite a gradual increase in electrode impedance. Canonical movement-related changes in specific frequency bands in the motor cortex were identified in most but not all recordings. CONCLUSIONS The acquisition of chronic multisite field potentials in humans is feasible. The device performance characteristics described here may inform the design of the next generation of totally implantable neural interfaces. This research tool provides a platform for translating discoveries in brain network dynamics to improved neurostimulation paradigms. Clinical trial registration no.: NCT01934296 (clinicaltrials.gov).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Philip A Starr
- Departments of1Neurological Surgery and.,3Kavli Institute for Fundamental Neuroscience; and.,4Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of California, San Francisco, California
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Popovych OV, Lysyansky B, Rosenblum M, Pikovsky A, Tass PA. Pulsatile desynchronizing delayed feedback for closed-loop deep brain stimulation. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0173363. [PMID: 28273176 PMCID: PMC5342235 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0173363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
High-frequency (HF) deep brain stimulation (DBS) is the gold standard for the treatment of medically refractory movement disorders like Parkinson’s disease, essential tremor, and dystonia, with a significant potential for application to other neurological diseases. The standard setup of HF DBS utilizes an open-loop stimulation protocol, where a permanent HF electrical pulse train is administered to the brain target areas irrespectively of the ongoing neuronal dynamics. Recent experimental and clinical studies demonstrate that a closed-loop, adaptive DBS might be superior to the open-loop setup. We here combine the notion of the adaptive high-frequency stimulation approach, that aims at delivering stimulation adapted to the extent of appropriately detected biomarkers, with specifically desynchronizing stimulation protocols. To this end, we extend the delayed feedback stimulation methods, which are intrinsically closed-loop techniques and specifically designed to desynchronize abnormal neuronal synchronization, to pulsatile electrical brain stimulation. We show that permanent pulsatile high-frequency stimulation subjected to an amplitude modulation by linear or nonlinear delayed feedback methods can effectively and robustly desynchronize a STN-GPe network of model neurons and suggest this approach for desynchronizing closed-loop DBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleksandr V. Popovych
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine - Neuromodulation, Jülich Research Center, Jülich, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Borys Lysyansky
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine - Neuromodulation, Jülich Research Center, Jülich, Germany
| | - Michael Rosenblum
- Institute of Physics and Astronomy, University of Potsdam, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Arkady Pikovsky
- Institute of Physics and Astronomy, University of Potsdam, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Peter A. Tass
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine - Neuromodulation, Jülich Research Center, Jülich, Germany
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America
- Department of Neuromodulation, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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Comparison of oscillatory activity in subthalamic nucleus in Parkinson's disease and dystonia. Neurobiol Dis 2016; 98:100-107. [PMID: 27940307 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2016.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Revised: 11/06/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) has been successfully used to treat both Parkinson's disease (PD) and dystonia. Local field potentials (LFPs) recorded from the STN of PD patients demonstrate prominent beta frequency band activity. It is unclear whether such activity occurs in the STN in dystonia, and, if not, whether dystonia has another distinctive neural population activity in the STN. METHODS Twelve patients with PD, and eight patients with dystonia underwent DBS electrode implantation targeting the STN. Seven dystonia patients were off medication and one was on aripiprazole and clonazepam. LFPs were recorded from the DBS electrodes in PD in the on/off medication states and in dystonia. Power spectra and temporal dynamics measured by the with Lempel-Ziv complexity of the LFPs were compared among these states. RESULTS Normalised power spectra and Lempel-Ziv complexity of subthalamic LFPs differed between dystonia off and PD on/off, and between PD off and on over the low frequency, beta and high gamma bands. Patients with dystonia and off medication had lower beta power but higher low frequency and high gamma power than PD. Spectral power in the low beta frequency (11-20Hz) range was attenuated in medicated PD. CONCLUSION The results suggest that dystonia and PD are characterized by different patterns of oscillatory activities even within the same nucleus, and exaggerated beta activity may relate to hypo-dopaminergic status.
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68
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Shreve LA, Velisar A, Malekmohammadi M, Koop MM, Trager M, Quinn EJ, Hill BC, Blumenfeld Z, Kilbane C, Mantovani A, Henderson JM, Brontë-Stewart H. Subthalamic oscillations and phase amplitude coupling are greater in the more affected hemisphere in Parkinson's disease. Clin Neurophysiol 2016; 128:128-137. [PMID: 27889627 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2016.10.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2016] [Revised: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 10/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Determine the incidence of resting state oscillations in alpha/beta, high frequency (HFO) bands, and their phase amplitude coupling (PAC) in a large cohort in Parkinson's disease (PD). METHODS Intra-operative local field potentials (LFPs) from subthalamic nucleus (STN) were recorded from 100 PD subjects, data from 74 subjects were included in the analysis. RESULTS Alpha/beta oscillations were evident in >99%, HFO in 87% and PAC in 98% of cases. Alpha/beta oscillations (P<0.01) and PAC were stronger in the more affected (MA) hemisphere (P=0.03). Alpha/beta oscillations were primarily found in 13-20Hz (low beta). Beta and HFO frequencies with the greatest coupling, were positively correlated (P=0.001). Tremor attenuated alpha (P=0.002) and beta band oscillations (P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS STN alpha/beta band oscillations and PAC were evident in ⩾98% cases and were greater in MA hemisphere. Resting tremor attenuated underlying alpha/beta band oscillations. SIGNIFICANCE Beta band LFP power may be used to drive adaptive deep brain stimulation (aDBS), augmented by a kinematic classifier in tremor dominant PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren A Shreve
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Anca Velisar
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Mahsa Malekmohammadi
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Mandy Miller Koop
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Megan Trager
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Emma J Quinn
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Bruce C Hill
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Zack Blumenfeld
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Camilla Kilbane
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Jaimie M Henderson
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Helen Brontë-Stewart
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
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69
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Jimenez-Shahed J, Telkes I, Viswanathan A, Ince NF. GPi Oscillatory Activity Differentiates Tics from the Resting State, Voluntary Movements, and the Unmedicated Parkinsonian State. Front Neurosci 2016; 10:436. [PMID: 27733815 PMCID: PMC5039204 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2016.00436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 09/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an emerging treatment strategy for severe, medication-refractory Tourette syndrome (TS). Thalamic (Cm-Pf) and pallidal (including globus pallidus interna, GPi) targets have been the most investigated. While the neurophysiological correlates of Parkinson's disease (PD) in the GPi and subthalamic nucleus (STN) are increasingly recognized, these patterns are not well characterized in other disease states. Recent findings indicate that the cross-frequency coupling (CFC) between beta band and high frequency oscillations (HFOs) within the STN in PD patients is pathologic. Methods: We recorded intraoperative local field potentials (LFPs) from the postero-ventrolateral GPi in three adult patients with TS at rest, during voluntary movements, and during tic activity and compared them to the intraoperative GPi-LFP activity recorded from four unmedicated PD patients at rest. Results: In all PD patients, we noted excessive beta band activity (13–30 Hz) at rest which consistently modulated the amplitude of the co-existent HFOs observed between 200 and 400 Hz, indicating the presence of beta-HFO CFC. In all 3TS patients at rest, we observed theta band activity (4–7 Hz) and HFOs. Two patients had beta band activity, though at lower power than theta oscillations. Tic activity was associated with increased high frequency (200–400 Hz) and gamma band (35–200 Hz) activity. There was no beta-HFO CFC in TS patients at rest. However, CFC between the phase of 5–10 Hz band activity and the amplitude of HFOs was found in two TS patients. During tics, this shifted to CFC between the phase of beta band activity and the amplitude of HFOs in all subjects. Conclusions: To our knowledge this is the first study that shows that beta-HFO CFC exists in the GPi of TS patients during tics and at rest in PD patients, and suggests that this pattern might be specific to pathologic/involuntary movements. Furthermore, our findings suggest that during tics, resting state 5–10 Hz-HFO CFC shifts to beta-HFO CFC which can be used to trigger stimulation in a closed loop system when tics are present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joohi Jimenez-Shahed
- Parkinson's Disease Center and Movement Disorders Clinic, Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ilknur Telkes
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Nuri F Ince
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston Houston, TX, USA
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Neumann WJ, Degen K, Schneider GH, Brücke C, Huebl J, Brown P, Kühn AA. Subthalamic synchronized oscillatory activity correlates with motor impairment in patients with Parkinson's disease. Mov Disord 2016; 31:1748-1751. [PMID: 27548068 DOI: 10.1002/mds.26759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Revised: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 07/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Beta band oscillations in the subthalamic nucleus (STN) have been proposed as a pathophysiological signature in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). The aim of this study was to investigate the potential association between oscillatory activity in the STN and symptom severity in PD. METHODS Subthalamic local field potentials were recorded from 63 PD patients in a dopaminergic OFF state. Power-spectra were analyzed for the frequency range from 5 to 95 Hz and correlated with individual UPDRS-III motor scores in the OFF state. RESULTS A correlation between total UPDRS-III scores and 8 to 35 Hz activity was revealed across all patients (ρ = 0.44, P < .0001). When correlating each frequency bin, a narrow range from 10 to 15 Hz remained significant for the correlation (false discovery rate corrected P < .05). CONCLUSION Our results show a correlation between local STN 8 to 35 Hz power and impairment in PD, further supporting the role of subthalamic oscillatory activity as a potential biomarker for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolf-Julian Neumann
- Department of Neurology, Campus Virchow Klinikum, Charité-University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Katharina Degen
- Department of Neurology, Campus Virchow Klinikum, Charité-University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gerd-Helge Schneider
- Department of Neurosurgery, Campus Virchow Klinikum, Charité-University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christof Brücke
- Department of Neurology, Campus Virchow Klinikum, Charité-University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Julius Huebl
- Department of Neurology, Campus Virchow Klinikum, Charité-University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Peter Brown
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Medical Research Council Brain Network Dynamics Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Andrea A Kühn
- Department of Neurology, Campus Virchow Klinikum, Charité-University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Charité-University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,NeuroCure, Charité-University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Berlin, Germany
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Kühn AA, Volkmann J. Innovations in deep brain stimulation methodology. Mov Disord 2016; 32:11-19. [PMID: 27400763 DOI: 10.1002/mds.26703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Revised: 05/15/2016] [Accepted: 05/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Deep brain stimulation is a powerful clinical method for movement disorders that no longer respond satisfactorily to pharmacological management, but its progress has been hampered by stagnation in technological procedure solutions and device development. Recently, the combined research efforts of bioengineers, neuroscientists, and clinicians have helped to better understand the mechanisms of deep brain stimulation, and solutions for the translational roadblock are emerging. Here, we define the needs for methodological advances in deep brain stimulation from a neurophysiological perspective and describe technological solutions that are currently evaluated for near-term clinical application. © 2016 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jens Volkmann
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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