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Huang J, Zhang H, Zhang J, Yu H, Lin Z, Cai Y. Spermidine Exhibits Protective Effects Against Traumatic Brain Injury. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2020; 40:927-937. [PMID: 31916070 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-019-00783-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) causes permanent neurological and cognitive impairments. Effective pharmacological interventions remain elusive. Spermidine is a polyamine compound found in our body that may play a role in brain development and congenital function. In this study, we aimed to investigate the therapeutic potential of spermidine for TBI. We employed experimental closed head injury (CHI) model to evaluate the protective function of spermidine on brain injury. We assessed the neurobehavioral function recovery using Neurologic Severity Score (NSS) and Morris water maze test. At histological level, we evaluated the improvement on brain edema, brain-blood barrier integrity, and cell apoptosis. We also measured inflammatory cytokines and brain injury biomarkers to monitor the treatment outcomes. Last, we correlated the level of spermidine with CHI animal model and TBI patients with different levels of severity. Spermidine administration post-CHI was found effectively to accelerate NSS improvement and shorten latency in maze test. We observed consistent improvements in brain edema, BBB function, and cell death in spermidine-treated group. Inflammatory cytokines and TBI biomarkers, e.g., S100B, MBP and CFAP were reduced significantly in treatment group. Interestingly, inhibiting spermidine synthesis influenced the neurobehavioral recovery in CHI mice. ODC1, a rate-limiting enzyme for spermidine synthesis, was found lower in CHI mice. Serum level of spermidine was significantly lower in TBI patients with severe pathological scores. Spermidine pathway may carry an endogenous role in pathophysiological process of CHI. For the first time, we demonstrated that administrating spermidine may provide a new treatment for TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianxing Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, No. 248-252 Dong Road, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian, China
| | - Heping Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, No. 248-252 Dong Road, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian, China.
| | - Jinning Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, No. 248-252 Dong Road, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian, China.
| | - Huiping Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, No. 248-252 Dong Road, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian, China
| | - Zhizhong Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, No. 248-252 Dong Road, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian, China
| | - Yonghui Cai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, No. 248-252 Dong Road, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian, China
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In Silico and In Vivo Studies on Quercetin as Potential Anti-Parkinson Agent. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1195:1-11. [PMID: 32468451 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-32633-3_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality among older individuals. Several researchers have suggested that iron chelators which cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) might have clinical efficacy in treating PD. Therefore, efforts are made not only in order to improve the effect of L-dopa but also to introduce drugs which provide anti-parkinsonian and neuroprotective effects. In this study, quercetin, a flavonoid, exhibited noticeable neuroprotective effects via iron induced-oxidative stress-dependent apoptotic pathways. Our results suggested that quercetin significantly decreased the catalepsy and exhibited neuroprotective effects in rotenone-induced Parkinson. A model of rotenone-induced Parkinsonism in rats produced the decrease in glutathione, SOD, catalase, and serum iron concentration and the increase in H2O2 and lipid peroxidation activity. Quercetin efficiently halted the deleterious toxic effects of L-dopa, revealing normalization of catalepsy and rotarod score, in addition to amelioration of neurochemical parameters, indicating benefit of both symptomatic and neuroprotective therapies. In silico molecular docking studies have also shown that quercetin could be an ideal potential drug target for aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase and human catechol-O-methyltransferase. In conclusion, quercetin possesses strong iron-chelating abilities and could be recommended as a disease-modifying therapy when administered in combination with L-dopa, early on in the course of Parkinson's disease.
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Tseng HC, Wang MH, Chang KC, Soung HS, Fang CH, Lin YW, Li KY, Yang CC, Tsai CC. Protective Effect of (-)Epigallocatechin-3-gallate on Rotenone-Induced Parkinsonism-like Symptoms in Rats. Neurotox Res 2019; 37:669-682. [PMID: 31811588 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-019-00143-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Rotenone (ROT)-induced neurotoxicity has been used for decades as an animal model of Parkinson's disease (PD) in humans. This model exhibits pathophysiological features similar to those reported in patients with PD, namely, striatal nitrosative and oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and neural cytoarchitecture alteration. (-)Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), the most abundant and potent green tea catechin, has notable anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective effects. The objective of the present study was to investigate the potential protective effects of EGCG on ROT-induced motor and neurochemical dysfunctions in rats. Furthermore, we also aimed to study the neuroprotective mechanisms underlying these effects. ROT treatment (0.5 mg/kg s.c., 21 days) reduced body weight and induced significant motor impairments as assessed using an open-field test, rotarod test, grip strength measurement, and beam-crossing task. EGCG treatment (100 or 300 mg/kg i.p., 60 min prior to ROT administration, 21 days) prevented most of the ROT-induced motor impairments. Moreover, EGCG treatment reduced ROT-induced nitric oxide (NO) level and lipid peroxidation (LPO) production; increased the activity of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), ATPase, and ETC enzymes and the levels of catecholamines in the striatum; and reduced the levels of neuroinflammatory and apoptotic markers. These results demonstrate the possible neuroprotective effects of EGCG against ROT-induced motor impairments, including anti-oxidatory effect, prevention of mitochondrial dysfunction, prevention of neurochemical deficiency, anti-neuroinflammatory effect, and anti-apoptotic effect. This is the first report about the neuroprotective effect of EGCG against ROT-induced motor impairments, and the above evidence provides a potential clinically relevant role for EGCG in delaying or treating human PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiang-Chien Tseng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, 11101, Taiwan, Republic of China.,School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, 24205, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Mao-Hsien Wang
- Department of Anesthesia, En Chu Kon Hospital, Sanshia District, New Taipei City, 23702, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Kuo-Chi Chang
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, 10608, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Hung-Sheng Soung
- Department of Psychiatry, Yuan-Shan Br. of Taipei Veteran General Hospital, Yilan County, 26604, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, 11490, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chih-Hsiang Fang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10051, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yi-Wen Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10051, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Keng-Yuan Li
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10051, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chih-Chuan Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, 10449, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City, 252, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Cheng-Chia Tsai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, 10449, Taiwan, Republic of China. .,Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City, 252, Taiwan, Republic of China.
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Zeng R, Wang X, Zhou Q, Fu X, Wu Q, Lu Y, Shi J, Klaunig JE, Zhou S. Icariin protects rotenone-induced neurotoxicity through induction of SIRT3. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2019; 379:114639. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2019.114639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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El-Sayed EK, Ahmed A, Morsy EE, Nofal S. Neuroprotective effect of agmatine (decarboxylated l-arginine) against oxidative stress and neuroinflammation in rotenone model of Parkinson's disease. Hum Exp Toxicol 2018; 38:173-184. [PMID: 30001633 DOI: 10.1177/0960327118788139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common age-related neurodegenerative disease after Alzheimer's disease, characterized by loss of dopaminergic neurons in substantia nigra pars compacta, accompanied by motor and nonmotor symptoms. The neuropathological hallmarks of PD are well reported, but the etiology of the disease is still undefined; several studies assume that oxidative stress, mitochondrial defects, and neuroinflammation play vital roles in the progress of the disease. The current study was established to investigate the neuroprotective effect of agmatine on a rotenone (ROT)-induced experimental model of PD. Adult male Sprague Dawley rats were subcutaneously injected with ROT at a dose of 2 mg/kg body weight for 35 days. Agmatine was injected intraperitoneally at 50 and 100 mg/kg body weight, 1 h prior to ROT administration. ROT-treated rats that received agmatine showed better performance on beam walking and an elevated number of rears within the cylinder test. In addition, agmatine reduced midbrain malondialdehyde as an indication of lipid peroxidation, pro-inflammatory cytokines including tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin-1β, and glial fibrillary acidic protein. Moreover, agmatine was responsible for preventing loss of tyrosine hydroxylase-positive neurons. In conclusion, our study showed that agmatine possesses a dose-dependent neuroprotective effect through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. These findings need further clinical investigations of agmatine as a promising neuroprotective agent for the future treatment of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- E K El-Sayed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Ein Helwan, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Aae Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Ein Helwan, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Em El Morsy
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Ein Helwan, Cairo, Egypt
| | - S Nofal
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Ein Helwan, Cairo, Egypt
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