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Gupta N, Zhang H, Liu P. Chronic difluoromethylornithine treatment impairs spatial learning and memory in rats. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2011; 100:464-73. [PMID: 22024160 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2011.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2011] [Revised: 09/21/2011] [Accepted: 10/09/2011] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Recent evidence suggests that polyamines putrescine, spermidine and spermine are essential in maintaining normal cellular function. The present study investigated the effects of chronic treatment of difluoromethylornithine (DFMO, 3% in drinking water), a potent inhibitor of putrescine synthesis, for 54 consecutive days on animals'behavior and neurochemical levels in the CA1, CA2/3 and dentate gyrus sub-regions of the hippocampus and the prefrontal cortex. The DFMO group showed performance impairments in the place navigation and the probe test conducted 24 h after the training in the reference memory version of the water maze task, but not in the elevated plus maze, open field, object recognition, cued navigation and the working memory version of the water maze task when compared to the control group (drinking water only). DFMO treatment resulted in approximately 80-90% and 20% of reductions in the putrescine and spermidine levels, respectively, in the four brain regions examined, and a small reduction in agmatine level in the CA2/3, with no effects on spermine, glutamate and γ-aminobutyrate. The DFMO group showed decreased body weight relative to the control one. However, there were no significant differences between groups in the normalized brain, kidney and liver weights. The present study demonstrates that chronic treatment of DFMO depletes putrescine and decreases spermidine levels in the brain, inhibits growth, and impairs spatial learning and memory in the reference memory version of the water maze specifically. These findings merit further investigation to fully understand the functional role of endogenous polyamines in learning and memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neeraj Gupta
- Department of Anatomy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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Liu P, Jing Y, Collie ND, Campbell SA, Zhang H. Pre-aggregated Aβ25–35 alters arginine metabolism in the rat hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. Neuroscience 2011; 193:269-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2011.07.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2011] [Revised: 07/19/2011] [Accepted: 07/22/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Xu J, Rong S, Xie B, Sun Z, Deng Q, Bao W, Wang D, Yao P, Huang F, Liu L. Changes in the Nitric Oxide System Contribute to Effect of Procyanidins Extracted from the Lotus Seedpod Ameliorating Memory Impairment in Cognitively Impaired Aged Rats. Rejuvenation Res 2011; 14:33-43. [DOI: 10.1089/rej.2010.1076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jiqu Xu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
- Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Shuang Rong
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
- MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Bijun Xie
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Zhida Sun
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Qianchun Deng
- Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Wei Bao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
- MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Di Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
- MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Ping Yao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
- MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Fenghong Huang
- Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Liegang Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
- MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
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Liu P, Zhang H, Devaraj R, Ganesalingam GS, Smith PF. A multivariate analysis of the effects of aging on glutamate, GABA and arginine metabolites in the rat vestibular nucleus. Hear Res 2010; 269:122-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2010.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2010] [Revised: 06/21/2010] [Accepted: 06/22/2010] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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