51
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Yin LX, Ha PK. Genetic alterations in salivary gland cancers. Cancer 2016; 122:1822-31. [PMID: 26928905 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.29890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2015] [Revised: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Salivary gland cancers are an incredibly heterogeneous group of tumors that include 24 histologically distinct tumor types. The use of new genetic methods has paved the way for promising advancements in our understanding of the molecular biology underlying each type of tumor. The objective of this review was to highlight common oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes, and cytogenetic and epigenetic changes associated with the most common tumor types: mucoepidermoid carcinoma, adenoid cystic carcinoma, salivary duct carcinoma, mammary analogue secretory carcinoma, hyalinizing clear cell carcinoma, carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma, and acinic cell carcinoma. Recent insights into the pathogenesis of each cancer subtype have helped better define and classify these tumors. Further research in salivary gland cancers should focus on determining the key genes involved in the tumorigenesis of each distinct malignancy and identifying individualized chemotherapies directed at these targets. Cancer 2016;122:1822-31. © 2016 American Cancer Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda X Yin
- Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Patrick K Ha
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
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52
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Acharya S, Annehosur V, Hallikeri K, Shivappa SK. Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the sublingual salivary gland: Case report of a rare clinical entity. JOURNAL OF ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY, MEDICINE, AND PATHOLOGY 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajoms.2015.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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53
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Yang H, Yao F, Tantai J, Zhao Y, Tan Q, Zhao H. Resected Tracheal Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma: Improvements in Outcome at a Single Institution. Ann Thorac Surg 2016; 101:294-300. [DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2015.06.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2015] [Revised: 06/11/2015] [Accepted: 06/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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54
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An Unusual Presentation of Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma. Case Rep Otolaryngol 2015; 2015:826436. [PMID: 26819792 PMCID: PMC4706871 DOI: 10.1155/2015/826436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Accepted: 12/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is a relatively rare tumor of epithelial cell origin, most commonly arising from major salivary glands. It is uncommonly found outside the major or minor salivary glands and is especially rare when located in the nasal cavity. Diagnosis and treatment of ACC pose numerous challenges, partly due to its biological behavior of slow growth, high tendency of local recurrence, and perineural invasion. We present the case of a 67-year-old male with complaints of facial pain and swelling, with a CT scan showing a soft tissue mass extending from the right nasal cavity with osseous destruction. Biopsy revealed ACC with perineural invasion. ACC of the nasal cavity continues to pose diagnostic and therapeutic challenges to physicians. Because this rare pathology presents in a vague manner, early diagnosis requires a high index of suspicion for this disease and close follow-up care. Since ACC of the nasal cavity is seldom reported in the literature, it is our hope that reporting these rare instances as case reports will heighten physician awareness of this rare disease, allowing for early diagnosis and treatment.
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55
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Garg V, Roy S, Khanna KS, Bakshi PS, Chauhan I. Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma of Buccal Mucosa: A Rare Case Report. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2015; 68:370-3. [PMID: 27508142 DOI: 10.1007/s12070-015-0939-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Adenoid cystic carcinoma is a malignant neoplasm most commonly originating in salivary glands of head and neck region. Among intra oral adenoid cystic carcinoma, buccal mucosa is among the rarest sites. We report a case of adenoid cystic of buccal mucosa in a 40-year old female. We have discussed the clinical features, histopathology, diagnosis and treatment along with a brief review of the relevant literature. Although the buccal mucosa is an uncommon site for adenoid cystic carcinoma, the relatively indolent growth pattern of this case and its location which is rather atypical for this type of salivary gland malignancy primarily warrants the necessity behind reporting of this case. Secondly, adenoid cystic carcinoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of mass of buccal mucosa. It is important to identify such cases rather early and surgical removal with adequate margins is the treatment of choice .
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Affiliation(s)
- Vipul Garg
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Uttaranchal Dental and Medical Research Institute, Dehradun, India
| | - Swati Roy
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Yamuna Institute of Dental Sciences and Research, Gadholi, Yamunanagar, India
| | - Kaveri Surya Khanna
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Yamuna Institute of Dental Sciences and Research, Gadholi, Yamunanagar, India
| | - Preeti Sethi Bakshi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Yamuna Institute of Dental Sciences and Research, Gadholi, Yamunanagar, India
| | - Isha Chauhan
- Government Dental College and Hospital, Shimla, Himachal pradesh India
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56
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Chae YK, Chung SY, Davis AA, Carneiro BA, Chandra S, Kaplan J, Kalyan A, Giles FJ. Adenoid cystic carcinoma: current therapy and potential therapeutic advances based on genomic profiling. Oncotarget 2015; 6:37117-34. [PMID: 26359351 PMCID: PMC4741919 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2015] [Accepted: 08/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is a rare cancer with high potential for recurrence and metastasis. Efficacy of current treatment options, particularly for advanced disease, is very limited. Recent whole genome and exome sequencing has dramatically improved our understanding of ACC pathogenesis. A balanced translocation resulting in the MYB-NFIB fusion gene appears to be a fundamental signature of ACC. In addition, sequencing has identified a number of other driver genes mutated in downstream pathways common to other well-studied cancers. Overexpression of oncogenic proteins involved in cell growth, adhesion, cell cycle regulation, and angiogenesis are also present in ACC. Collectively, studies have identified genes and proteins for targeted, mechanism-based, therapies based on tumor phenotypes, as opposed to nonspecific cytotoxic agents. In addition, although few studies in ACC currently exist, immunotherapy may also hold promise. Better genetic understanding will enable treatment with novel targeted agents and initial exploration of immune-based therapies with the goal of improving outcomes for patients with ACC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Kwang Chae
- Northwestern Medicine Developmental Therapeutics Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Su Yun Chung
- Northwestern Medicine Developmental Therapeutics Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Andrew A. Davis
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Benedito A. Carneiro
- Northwestern Medicine Developmental Therapeutics Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Sunandana Chandra
- Northwestern Medicine Developmental Therapeutics Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jason Kaplan
- Northwestern Medicine Developmental Therapeutics Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Aparna Kalyan
- Northwestern Medicine Developmental Therapeutics Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Francis J. Giles
- Northwestern Medicine Developmental Therapeutics Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
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57
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Zhou XQ, Xu XN, Li L, Ma JJ, Zhen EM, Han CB. Epigallocatechin‑3‑gallate inhibits the invasion of salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma cells by reversing the hypermethylation status of the RECK gene. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:6031-6. [PMID: 26299812 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.4213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2014] [Accepted: 07/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigallocatechin‑3‑gallate (EGCG) is an active and major constituent of green tea. As a non‑nucleoside inhibitor of DNA methylation, EGCG is able to inhibit the hypermethylation of newly synthesised DNA, resulting in the reversal of hypermethylation and recovery in expression of the silenced genes. Reversion‑inducing cysteine‑rich protein with Kazal motifs (RECK) is a novel tumour suppressor gene, which negatively regulates matrix metalloproteinases, and inhibits tumour invasion, angiogenesis and metastasis. The present study aimed to examine the effects of EGCG on the methylation status of the RECK gene and tumour invasion in a salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma (SACC) cell line in vitro. Marked levels of methylated and weak levels of unmethylated RECK promoter were detected in the SACC83 cells, which was determined using methylation‑specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR). In addition, the treatment of SACC83 cells with EGCG partially reversed the hypermethylation status of the RECK gene. Western blot analysis and reverse transcription‑PCR demonstrated that EGCG significantly enhanced the protein and mRNA expression levels of RECK, and significantly reduced the invasive ability of the SACC83 cells, as determined using a Transwell assay. These results suggested that EGCG possesses novel anti‑metastatic therapeutic potential for the treatment of SACC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Qing Zhou
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shandong Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong 272111, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Nan Xu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shandong Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong 272111, P.R. China
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shandong Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong 272111, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Jun Ma
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shandong Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong 272111, P.R. China
| | - En-Ming Zhen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shandong Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong 272111, P.R. China
| | - Cheng-Bing Han
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong 261041, P.R. China
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58
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Park S, Nam SJ, Keam B, Kim TM, Jeon YK, Lee SH, Hah JH, Kwon TK, Kim DW, Sung MW, Heo DS, Bang YJ. VEGF and Ki-67 Overexpression in Predicting Poor Overall Survival in Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma. Cancer Res Treat 2015; 48:518-26. [PMID: 26194375 PMCID: PMC4843710 DOI: 10.4143/crt.2015.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this study was to evaluate potential prognostic factors in patients with adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC). Materials and Methods A total of 68 patients who underwent curative surgery and had available tissue were enrolled in this study. Their medical records and pathologic slides were reviewed and immunohistochemistry for basic fibroblast growth factor, fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) 2, FGFR3, c-kit, Myb proto-oncogene protein, platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and Ki-67 was performed. Univariate and multivariate analysis was performed for determination of disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). Results In univariate analyses, primary site of nasal cavity and paranasal sinus (p=0.022) and Ki-67 expression of more than 7% (p=0.001) were statistically significant factors for poor DFS. Regarding OS, perineural invasion (p=0.032), high expression of VEGF (p=0.033), and high expression of Ki-67 (p=0.007) were poor prognostic factors. In multivariate analyses, primary site of nasal cavity and paranasal sinus (p=0.028) and high expression of Ki-67 (p=0.004) were independent risk factors for poor DFS, and high expression of VEGF (p=0.011) and Ki-67 (p=0.011) showed independent association with poor OS. Conclusion High expression of VEGF and Ki-67 were independent poor prognostic factors for OS in ACC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seongyeol Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soo Jeong Nam
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,The Tumor Immunity Medical Research Center, Cancer Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
| | - Bhumsuk Keam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tae Min Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yoon Kyung Jeon
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Se-Hoon Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - J Hun Hah
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tack-Kyun Kwon
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong-Wan Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Myung-Whun Sung
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dae Seog Heo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yung-Jue Bang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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59
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Omolehinwa TT, Musbah T, Desai B, O'Malley BW, Stoopler ET. Neuralgia associated with transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation therapy in a patient initially diagnosed with temporomandibular disorder. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2015; 119:e101-4. [PMID: 25660829 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2014.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2014] [Revised: 12/09/2014] [Accepted: 12/18/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Head and neck neoplasms may be difficult to detect because of wide-ranging symptoms and the presence of overlapping anatomic structures in the region. This case report describes a patient with chronic otalgia and temporomandibular disorder, who developed sudden-onset neuralgia while receiving transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) therapy. Further diagnostic evaluation revealed a skull base tumor consistent with adenoid cystic carcinoma. To our knowledge, this is the first report of TENS-associated neuralgia leading to a diagnosis of primary intracranial adenoid cystic carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Temitope T Omolehinwa
- Postdoctoral Fellow, Department of Oral Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Dental Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Thamer Musbah
- First year resident, Orofacial Pain program, University of Kentucky College of Dentistry, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Bhavik Desai
- Assistant Professor of Oral Medicine, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Dentistry, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Bert W O'Malley
- Gabriel Tucker Professor and Chair, Department of Otorhinolaryngology: Head and Neck Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Eric T Stoopler
- Associate Professor of Oral Medicine, Department of Oral Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Dental Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
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60
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Zhu X, Xu JJ, Hu SS, Feng JG, Jiang LH, Hou XX, Cao J, Han J, Ling ZQ, Ge MH. Pim-1 acts as an oncogene in human salivary gland adenoid cystic carcinoma. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2014; 33:114. [PMID: 25551195 PMCID: PMC4304190 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-014-0114-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2014] [Accepted: 12/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Pim-1 (Provirus integration site for Moloney murine leukemia virus 1) belongs to the Ser/Thr kinase family and plays a pivotal role in occurrence and development of oncogenesis. Recent studies have demonstrated that Pim-1 phosphorylates RUNX3 and alters its subcellular localization. However, few studies have concerned the implications of Pim-1 in the salivary gland adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC). In this study, we aimed to clarify the function of Pim-1 in ACC in vitro. Meanwhile, we measured the levels of Pim-1 and RUNX3 in the ACC tissues. The correlations between Pim-1/RUNX3 levels and clinical parameters were also analyzed. Methods SACC-83 and SACC-LM cells were transfected with the Pim-1 siRNA. Pim-1 mRNA and protein expression were measured using real-time PCR and immnuoblot, respectively. Cell proliferation was analyzed by CCK-8 assay. Cell cycle, apoptosis, and mitochondrial membrane potential were detected by flow cytometry. Effects of Pim-1 on cells’ invasion were evaluated by transwell migration assay. Pim-1 and RUNX3 levels in ACC tissues were examined by immunohistochemistry. Results Pim-1 siRNA reduces cell proliferation, induces apoptosis, causes cell cycle arrest through cell cycle related proteins (Cyclin D1 and CDK4), mitochondrial depolarization, and decreases invasive ability in SACC-83 and SACC-LM cells. Pim-1 and RUNX3 levels are significantly relevant and associated with T-stage and nerve invasion in the ACC tissues. Conclusions This study demonstrates the oncogenic role of Pim-1 in ACC. The findings also suggest that Pim-1 may serve as a neoteric therapeutic target and potential prognostic marker for ACC cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhu
- Zhejiang Cancer Research Institute, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, 310022, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Jia-jie Xu
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, 310022, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Si-si Hu
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, 310022, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Jian-guo Feng
- Zhejiang Cancer Research Institute, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, 310022, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Lie-hao Jiang
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, 310022, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Xiu-xiu Hou
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, 310022, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Jun Cao
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, 310022, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Jing Han
- Zhejiang Cancer Research Institute, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, 310022, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Zhi-qiang Ling
- Zhejiang Cancer Research Institute, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, 310022, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Ming-hua Ge
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, 310022, Hangzhou, China.
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61
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Unresolved isolated abducens nerve palsy presenting as nasopharynx adenocystic carcinoma with intracranial extension. J Craniofac Surg 2014; 25:2268-9. [PMID: 25347600 DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000001160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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62
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Zhang CY, Zhao YX, Xia RH, Han J, Wang BS, Tian Z, Wang LZ, Hu YH, Li J. RASSF1A promoter hypermethylation is a strong biomarker of poor survival in patients with salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma in a Chinese population. PLoS One 2014; 9:e110159. [PMID: 25302792 PMCID: PMC4193867 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0110159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2014] [Accepted: 09/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In addition to the clinicopathological parameters, molecular biomarkers are becoming increasingly important in the prognostic evaluation of cancer patients. This study aimed to determine the molecular alterations in the RAS association domain family protein1A gene (RASSF1A) in salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) and to evaluate the potential of such alterations as prognostic markers. One hundred and sixty-seven ACC tumor tissues and 50 samples of matched normal salivary gland tissues from the same patients were analyzed for RASSF1A promoter methylation status by bisulfite sequencing PCR (BSP) and/or methylation-specific PCR (MSP). Fifty ACC tumor tissues and matched normal salivary gland tissues were analyzed for loss of heterozygosity (LOH) by examining two microsatellite markers (D3S1478, D3S1621) at 3p21. RASSF1A gene mutations were detected by direct sequencing of all six exons in 50 tumor and normal tissue specimens. Over-all, RASSF1A promoter hypermethylation was detected in 35.3% (59/167) of ACC tissues and was associated with histologically solid tumor pattern (P = 0.002) and advanced TNM stage (P = 0.014). RASSF1A LOH was observed in 18.0% (9/50) of cases, and no somatic mutation of RASSF1A was detected in any cases. RASSF1A promoter methylation was associated with the poor over-all survival (Log-rank test, P <0.001) and disease-free survival (Log-rank test, P <0.001) and identified as an independent predicator of over-all patient survival (P = 0.009) and disease-free survival (P <0.001). It was concluded that RASSF1A methylation is involved in the development, differentiation and progression of ACC and is a strong independent biomarker of poor survival in ACC patients in a Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Ye Zhang
- Department of Oral Pathology, 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Yang-Xing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Rong-Hui Xia
- Department of Oral Pathology, 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Jing Han
- Department of Oral Pathology, 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Bing-Shun Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Tian
- Department of Oral Pathology, 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Li-Zhen Wang
- Department of Oral Pathology, 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Hua Hu
- Department of Oral Pathology, 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Jiang Li
- Department of Oral Pathology, 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, P. R. China
- * E-mail:
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63
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Binesh F, Akhavan A, Masumi O, Mirvakili A, Behniafard N. Clinicopathological review and survival characteristics of adenoid cystic carcinoma. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2014; 67:62-6. [PMID: 25621256 DOI: 10.1007/s12070-014-0755-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2014] [Accepted: 07/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
To study the clinical characters, the outcomes of treatments and the factors affecting treatment results of adenoid cystic carcinomas at Shahid Sadoughi Hospital and Shahid Ramazanzadeh radiotherapy center, Yazd, Iran. The clinical data of 31 patients with adenoid cystic carcinoma of any anatomic site diagnosed over an 8 year period (2004-2012), were investigated retrospectively. Data regarding patients' characteristics, pathological features and follow-up were obtained from patients records. Survival rate, local recurrence and distant metastasis were analyzed using Kaplan-Meier method. Prognosis factors were analyzed by Log-rank test and Cox regression. The study included31 patients with adenoid cystic carcinoma. The mean age at presentation was 50.2 ± 24.8 years. There were 11 (35.5 %) males and 20 (64.5 %) females with a female predilection (M:F = 0.55:1). Parotid gland was the most common site (8/31, 25.7 %) followed by submandibular gland (7/31, 22.6 %). Perineural invasion was detected in 67.7 % of the cases. Positive surgical status was reported in 48.4 % of the specimens. Metastasis was detected in 25.8 % of the patients and the most common site of distant metastasis was lung. Overall survival rates at 2, 5, and 7 years were 95, 75, and 57 % respectively. Margin status showed significant effect on survival (P value = 0.01). Positive surgical margin is an important factor affecting the prognosis of the patients with adenoid cystic carcinoma. Surgery with negative surgical margin is the first choice of treatment for the patients with adenoid cystic carcinoma. Our findings show that the prognosis of patients with adenoid cystic carcinoma in our center is fair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fariba Binesh
- Department of Pathology, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Ali Akhavan
- Department of Radiotherapy, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Omid Masumi
- Otorhinolaryngology research center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Abbas Mirvakili
- Department of Otolaryngology, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Nasim Behniafard
- Otorhinolaryngology research center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
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64
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Bruzgielewicz A, Osuch-Wójcikiewicz E, Majszyk D, Chęciński P, Nyckowska J, Zawadzka B, Skowrońska-Gardas A, Niemczyk K. [Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the head and neck--a 10 years experience]. Otolaryngol Pol 2014; 65:6-11. [PMID: 22000244 DOI: 10.1016/s0030-6657(11)70702-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2011] [Accepted: 08/08/2011] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) was first described in 1853 and 1854 by three french scientists, Robin, Lorain and Laboulbène. ACC is a rare cancer of the head and neck (about 1%) and it comprises from 6% to 10% of all malignant tumors of the salivary glands. 15%–30% of these tumors are located in submandibular gland, 30% occur in small salivary glands (in the palate, tongue, mouth, nose, sinuses, mucous membrane of the cheeks) and about 6% in parotid gland. Because of its specificity ACC is a challenge for the doctor – it is usually recognized at an advanced stage, spreads along the nerves, it has a high propensity for recurrence, often gives distant metastases, 10-year survival are very small. AIMS Aim of this study is the epidemiological and clinical analysis of patients with adenoid cystic carcinoma. MATERIAL AND METHODS Includes a retrospective analysis of 21 cases of patients with ACC of the head and neck were hospitalized at the ENT Clinic of the Warsaw Medical University between 2001 and 2011. Data from medical records contain information about the location of the tumor, symptoms and clinical signs, diagnostic methods, method of treatment and local recurrences and distant metastases. RESULTS most cases ACC occurred in the large salivary glands (14 cases), in 5 cases in the nasal cavity and maxillofacial region, in 2 cases in the tongue. In order to accurately determine the extent of the tumor, its relationship to adjacent structures was performed computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. Most of patients before treatment have been made biopsy of the tumor or download tissues by forceps for histopathological examination. Reported symptoms depend on the location of the tumor. In 20 cases the patients were treated by surgical therapy and followed by radiotherapy, in one case because of the extent of the tumor was sent to radiotherapy. CONCLUSIONS Surgical treatment of ACC requires a wide margin of healthy tissues; For the risk of local recurrences affected positive surgical margins, skull base locations of primary tumor and perineural invasion; Because of unpredictable nature of the tumor (local recurrences, distant metastasis), observation of patients after treatment should be carried out permanently, along with periodic imaging studies.
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65
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Zhou Y, Zang Y, Xiang J, Tang F, Chen Z. Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the cardia: Report of a rare case and review of the Chinese literature. Oncol Lett 2014; 8:726-730. [PMID: 25013491 PMCID: PMC4081280 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2014.2153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2013] [Accepted: 03/14/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is a relatively common head and neck tumor, however, is rare in the digestive tracts. There have been <100 cases of esophageal ACC reported to date and no cases of gastric ACC. The present study reports the exceptional case of a 53-year-old male with a primary ACC of the cardia. The patient underwent a radical total gastrectomy with D2 lymphadenectomy and Roux-en-Y esophagojejunal reconstruction. Immunohistochemical analysis identified a case of primary ACC that exhibited a positive expression for cytokeratin, calponin, cluster of differentiation 117, p63 and smooth muscle actin, with typical cribriform foci. No signs of recurrence have been detected during the 30-month follow-up. Thus, a precise diagnosis of ACC is primarily based on the results of immunohistochemical analysis and radical resection is considered to be the best treatment option for ACC of the digestive tracts. The current study also reviewed 17 cases of ACC of the esophagus reported in China, with special reference to the criteria for histological diagnosis and therapeutic options. The prognosis of esophageal ACC is poor due to early metastasis, mainly relying on the resectability of the tumor
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
| | - Yiwen Zang
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
| | - Jianbin Xiang
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
| | - Feng Tang
- Department of Pathology, Huashan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
| | - Zongyou Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
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Bouaichi A, Aimad-Eddine S, Mommers XA, Ella B, Zwetyenga N. Intra-mandibular adenoid cystic carcinoma. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 115:100-4. [PMID: 24674932 DOI: 10.1016/j.revsto.2014.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2013] [Revised: 10/16/2013] [Accepted: 02/06/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Intra-mandibular localization of adenoid cystic carcinoma is rare. This tumor is characterized by progressive local, regional, and distant aggressiveness. We reviewed the latest data on this rare type of cancer with a small number of reported cases, alack of consensus for its treatment, and its bad prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bouaichi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Plastic Esthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, Hand Surgery, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Bourgogne, Hôpital du Bocage, CHU de Dijon, 14, rue Gaffarel, BP 77908, 21079 Dijon Cedex, France
| | - S Aimad-Eddine
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Plastic Esthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, Hand Surgery, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Bourgogne, Hôpital du Bocage, CHU de Dijon, 14, rue Gaffarel, BP 77908, 21079 Dijon Cedex, France
| | - X-A Mommers
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Plastic Esthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, Hand Surgery, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Bourgogne, Hôpital du Bocage, CHU de Dijon, 14, rue Gaffarel, BP 77908, 21079 Dijon Cedex, France
| | - B Ella
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Université de Bordeaux 2, CHU de Bordeaux, Victor-Ségalen, place Amélie-Raba-Léon, 33076 Bordeaux Cedex, France
| | - N Zwetyenga
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Plastic Esthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, Hand Surgery, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Bourgogne, Hôpital du Bocage, CHU de Dijon, 14, rue Gaffarel, BP 77908, 21079 Dijon Cedex, France.
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Comprehensive genomic profiling of relapsed and metastatic adenoid cystic carcinomas by next-generation sequencing reveals potential new routes to targeted therapies. Am J Surg Pathol 2014; 38:235-8. [PMID: 24418857 DOI: 10.1097/pas.0000000000000102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
We hypothesized that next-generation sequencing could reveal actionable genomic alterations (GAs) and potentially expand treatment options for patients with advanced adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC). Genomic profiling using next-generation sequencing was performed on hybridization-captured, adapter ligation libraries derived from 28 relapsed and metastatic formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded ACC. The 3230 exons of 182 cancer-related genes and 37 introns of 14 genes frequently rearranged in cancer were fully sequenced using the Illumina HiSeq 2000. All classes of GAs were evaluated. Actionable GAs were defined as those impacting targeted anticancer therapies on the market or in registered clinical trials. A total of 44 GAs were identified in the 28 ACC tumors, with 12 of 28 (42.9%) of tumors harboring at least 1 potentially actionable GA. The most common nonactionable GAs were identified in KD6MA (5 cases; 18%), ARID1A (4 cases; 14%), RUNX1 (2 cases; 7%), and MYC (2 cases; 7%). Actionable GAs included NOTCH1 (3 cases; 11%), MDM2 (2 cases; 7%), PDGFRA (2 cases; 7%), and CDKN2A/B (p16) (2 cases; 7%). Other potentially actionable GAs identified in a single case included: mutations in AKT1, BAP1, EGFR, and PIK3CA, homozygous deletion of FBXW7, and amplifications of CDK4, FGFR1, IGF1R, KDR, KIT, and MCL1. The frequency of GA in ACC is lower than that seen in the more common solid tumors. Comprehensive genomic profiling of ACC can identify actionable GAs in a subset of patients that could influence therapy for these difficult-to-treat progressive neoplasms.
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Kumar VS, Prathi VS, Manne RK, Beeraka S, Natarajan K. Adenoid cystic carcinoma of sublingual salivary gland obstructing the submandibular salivary gland duct. J Clin Imaging Sci 2014; 3:10. [PMID: 24516773 PMCID: PMC3906657 DOI: 10.4103/2156-7514.120793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2013] [Accepted: 09/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Sublingual salivary gland malignancies are extremely rare and account for only 0.3-1% of all epithelial salivary gland tumors. Here, we report a case of adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) of the sublingual salivary gland that presented as a swelling in the right anterior floor of the mouth obstructing the submandibular duct. Sublingual salivary gland ACC obstructing the submandibular duct is rare and only three cases have been reported in the literature until date. We discuss the different patterns of ACC seen during the pathologic investigations and its radiologic features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkata Suneel Kumar
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Narayana Dental College and Hospital, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Venkata Sarath Prathi
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Narayana Dental College and Hospital, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Rakesh Kumar Manne
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Narayana Dental College and Hospital, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Swapna Beeraka
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Narayana Dental College and Hospital, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Kannan Natarajan
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Narayana Dental College and Hospital, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India
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Jiang LC, Huang SY, Zhang DS, Zhang SH, Li WG, Zheng PH, Chen ZW. Expression of beclin 1 in primary salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma and its relation to Bcl-2 and p53 and prognosis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 47:252-8. [PMID: 24554038 PMCID: PMC3982947 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20133231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2013] [Accepted: 09/25/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Beclin 1 plays a critical role in autophagy and functions as a haploinsufficient tumor suppressor. The expression and prognostic significance of beclin 1 in head and neck adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) are largely unexplored. Therefore, we investigated the expression of beclin 1, Bcl-2, and p53 in head and neck ACC tissue. Tissue samples from 35 cases (15 females, 20 males) of head and neck ACC were utilized for immunohistochemistry. Beclin 1 expression was observed in 32 cases (91.4%) and considered to be high in 15 cases (42.9%) and low in 20 cases (57.1%). Beclin 1 expression was significantly correlated with a histological growth pattern (P=0.046) and histological grade (P=0.037). Beclin 1 expression was inversely correlated with Bcl-2 expression (P=0.013) and significantly associated with overall survival (P=0.006). Bcl-2 and p53 expression were observed in 21 cases (60.0%) and 16 cases (45.7%). Bcl-2 expression was significantly correlated with perineural invasion (P=0.041) and not associated with overall survival (P=0.053). p53 expression was directly correlated with beclin 1 expression (P=0.044). Our results indicated that beclin 1 may be a novel, promising prognostic factor for clinical outcome in head and neck ACC patients and may play a part in the development of head and neck ACC by interacting with Bcl-2 and p53.
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Affiliation(s)
- L C Jiang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - S Y Huang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - D S Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - S H Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - W G Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - P H Zheng
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Z W Chen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
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Zhang CY, Xia RH, Han J, Wang BS, Tian WD, Zhong LP, Tian Z, Wang LZ, Hu YH, Li J. Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the head and neck: clinicopathologic analysis of 218 cases in a Chinese population. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2013; 115:368-75. [PMID: 23453028 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2012.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2012] [Revised: 11/26/2012] [Accepted: 11/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to analyze the clinicopathologic characteristics and prognostic factors of adenoid cystic carcinoma of the head and neck (ACCHN). STUDY DESIGN This was a retrospective study of 218 patients with ACCHN. RESULTS The cohort included 110 men and 108 women; the parotid and the palate were the most common site of involvement. Of 203 patients with follow-up information (range 2-132 months), 57 had died of the tumor. Distant metastasis (DM) and local recurrence (LR) were documented in 83 (40.9%) and 34 (16.7%) patients, respectively. Cox regression analysis indicated that a solid pattern was a marker for LR and that positive margins and older age were risk factors for DM. Histologic pattern, T stage, N stage, LR, DM, and patient age contributed to the prediction of disease-specific survival. CONCLUSIONS A solid pattern, metastasis, LR, and older age are the most important factors for predicting poor prognosis in Chinese patients with ACCHN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Ye Zhang
- Department of Oral Pathology, 9th People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
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Rouzé S, Flécher E, de Latour B, Meunier C, Sellin M, Lena H, Verhoye JP. [Tracheal adenoid cystic carcinoma treated by complete carinal reconstruction with the help of an ECMO: about a case]. REVUE DE PNEUMOLOGIE CLINIQUE 2013; 69:144-148. [PMID: 23597633 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneumo.2013.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2012] [Revised: 02/26/2013] [Accepted: 02/28/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Primitive tumors of the trachea are rare, accounting for 0.1% of the airway tumors. Cystic adenoid carcinoma (or cylindroma) represents the second most frequent type of tracheal cancers. Histologically speaking, this tumor type is divided in three patterns: cribriform, tubular and solid; it presents a slow growth, perineural invasion and potential local recurrence and metastasis. We presented herein the case of a 56-year-old female suffering from a cystic adenoid carcinoma of the low trachea. She has been treated by carinal resection with negative airway margin and complete reconstruction, with the help of an extra corporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO).
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Affiliation(s)
- S Rouzé
- Département de chirurgie thoracique et cardiovasculaire, CHU Pontchaillou, 2, rue Henri-le-Guilloux, 35000 Rennes, France.
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72
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Zhao C, Liu JZ, Wang SB, Wang SC. Adenoid cystic carcinoma in the maxillary gingiva: a case report and immunohistochemical study. Cancer Biol Med 2013; 10:52-4. [PMID: 23691446 PMCID: PMC3643682 DOI: 10.7497/j.issn.2095-3941.2013.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2012] [Accepted: 03/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Gingival adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is a rare malignancy. We describe the diagnosis and treatment of a 43 year-old woman who presented with a persistent oral ulcer for approximately 1 year, and subsequent pain in the left posterior maxillary region. Clinical examination revealed an ulcer in the left upper molar gingiva, with swelling in the region from the second premolar to the third molar. X-ray images demonstrated the involvement of the maxillary alveolar bone. The histopathological and immunohistochemical features were diagnostic of ACC. ACC is often presented as a gingival lesion; thus, it may easily be neglected by patients. The identification of this tumor using specific pathological analyses prevents misdiagnosis and enables clinicians to determine the appropriate treatment. In this case, no recurrence or distant metastasis was observed after 2 years of follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Zhao
- Zhengzhou University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Zhengzhou 450000, China; ; Department of Pathology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450044, China
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Abstract
Adenoid cystic carcinoma is a rare tumor arising from the minor salivary glands;, the palate being the commonest site. Distant metastasis and perineural invasion areis common in adenoid cystic carcinoma. Diagnosis of adenoid cystic carcinoma is made usually with the help of clinical features, radiographic features and histologic features. We reported a case of adenoid cystic carcinoma of palate involving left maxillary sinus. The diagnosis of the case and brief review of literature of adenoid cystic carcinoma is discussed. The aim here is to highlight the importance of diagnosis, treatment and long-term follow-up of the patients with adenoid cystic carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhaval N Mehta
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Karnavati School of Dentistry, Uvarsad, Gandhinagar,Gujarat, India
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74
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Ajila V, Hegde S, Nair GR, Babu SG. Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the buccal mucosa: A case report and review of the literature. Dent Res J (Isfahan) 2013; 9:642-6. [PMID: 23559934 PMCID: PMC3612206 DOI: 10.4103/1735-3327.104888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Adenoid cystic carcinomas are deceptive malignancies that show slow growth and local invasion with recurrences seen many years after diagnosis. Upto 50% of these tumors occur in the intraoral minor salivary glands usually in the hard palate. Buccal mucosal tumors are relatively rare. We determined the incidence of buccal mucosal adenoid cystic carcinoma by reviewing the number of reported cases in the literature. This is the first article to analyze the occurrence of adenoid cystic carcinomas in the buccal mucosa through a review of 41 articles. Our review revealed 178 buccal mucosal adenoid cystic carcinomas among a total of 2,280 reported cases. We present a case of adenoid cystic carcinoma occurring in the left buccal mucosa of a 45-year-old female.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidya Ajila
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, A B Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences, Nitte University, Deralakatte, Mangalore, India
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Sun J, Luo Y, Tian Z, Gu L, Xia SC, Yu Y. Expression of ERBB3 binding protein 1 (EBP1) in salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma and its clinicopathological relevance. BMC Cancer 2012; 12:499. [PMID: 23110497 PMCID: PMC3499390 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-12-499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2012] [Accepted: 10/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background ERBB3 binding protein 1 (EBP1) gene transfer into human salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma cells has been shown to significantly inhibit cell proliferation and reduce tumor metastasis in mouse models. In the current study, to evaluate if EBP1 is a novel biomarker capable of identifying patients at higher risk of disease progression and recurrence, we examined the EBP1 expression profile in adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) patients and analyzed its clinicopathological relevance. To understand the underlying anti-metastatic mechanism, we investigated if EBP1 regulates invasion-related molecules. Methods We performed immunohistochemical analysis on 132 primary adenoid cystic carcinoma and adjacent non-cancerous tissues using commercial EBP1, MMP9, E-cadherin and ICAM-1 antibodies. Results were correlated to clinicopathological parameters, long-term survival and invasion-related molecules by statistical analysis. Cell motility and invasiveness of vector or wild-type EBP1-transfected ACC-M cell lines were evaluated using wound healing and Boyden chamber assays. MMP9, E-cadherin and ICAM-1 proteins in these cell lines were detected using western blot assay. Results The expression of EBP1 was significantly higher in non-cancerous adjacent tissues compared with corresponding cancer tissues. The intensity and percentage of cells that reacted with EBP1 antibodies were significantly higher in cases with tubular pattern than those with solid pattern (P<0.0001). We also found adenoid cystic carcinoma with local lymphatic metastasis had significantly lower EBP1 expression than ACC with no local lymphatic node metastasis (P<0.0001). Similar findings were observed in ACC with lung metastasis compared with cases with no lung metastasis (P<0.0001), in particular, in cases with perineural invasion compared with cases with no perineural invasion (P<0.0001). Furthermore, a decrease in EBP1 expression was positively associated with a reduction in overall survival of ACC patients. Of note, EBP1 inhibits migration and invasiveness of ACC cells by upregulating E-cadherin but downregulating MMP9. In clinical adenoid cystic carcinoma patients, higher EBP1 expression was positively correlated with E-cadherin levels (P<0.001) but negatively correlated with MMP9 expression (P=0.0002). Conclusions EBP1 expression is reduced in adenoid cystic carcinoma, indicating unfavorable prognosis of ACC patients. Its regulation of MMP9 and E-cadherin protein levels suggests a critical therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Sun
- Department of Stomatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
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[An oral chronic pain syndrome]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 113:387-9. [PMID: 22938909 DOI: 10.1016/j.stomax.2012.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2011] [Revised: 04/08/2012] [Accepted: 04/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Abstract
More than 70 benign and malignant sinonasal tumours and tumour-like conditions have been described. However, sinonasal tumours are rare, and sinonasal cancers comprise only 3% of all head and neck cancers and 1% of all malignancies, with a peak incidence in the 5th to 7th decades and with a male preponderance. The early symptoms and imaging findings of sinonasal tumours are similar to rhinosinusitis with runny and stuffy nose, lacrimation and epistaxis and therefore neglected both by the patients and doctors. When late symptoms such as anosmia, visual disturbances, cranial neuropathy (Cn II, IV, V, VI) or facial swelling appear, the patient is referred to sinonasal endoscopy or imaging. At the time of correct diagnosis more than half of the tumours have reached an advanced stage with a poor prognostic outcome. Even if imaging is performed in the early stages, a radiologist inexperienced with sinonasal anatomy and tumour features may easily interpret early signs of a malignant tumour as rhinosinusitis or a lesion that does not require follow-up. This article presents the imaging findings in some of the most common benign and malignant sinonasal tumours, and the TNM classification and staging of sinonasal carcinomas.
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Li N, Xu L, Zhao H, El-Naggar AK, Sturgis EM. A comparison of the demographics, clinical features, and survival of patients with adenoid cystic carcinoma of major and minor salivary glands versus less common sites within the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results registry. Cancer 2011; 118:3945-53. [PMID: 22179977 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.26740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2011] [Revised: 10/17/2011] [Accepted: 11/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The scientific literature to date lacks population-based studies on the demographics, clinical features, and survival of patients with adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) of different anatomic sites. METHODS The authors identified 5349 patients who had ACC of the major salivary glands (N = 1850), minor salivary glands (N = 2077), breast (N = 696), skin (N = 291), lung and bronchus (N = 203), female genital system (N = 132), and eye and orbit (N = 100) from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) registry. Differences in demographics, clinical features, and survival of patients were assessed. RESULTS ACC of the eye and orbit was associated with younger age at presentation (mean age,49.9 years). ACC of the skin or breast tended to present with less aggressive prognostic features, whereas ACC of the lung and bronchus or eye and orbit tended to present with more aggressive prognostic features. In a multivariate survival analysis of patients who presented with localized disease, patients with ACC of the breast (hazard ratio [HR], 0.40) or skin (HR, 0.40) had a significantly lower risk death than patients with ACC of the major salivary glands; whereas patients with ACC of the lung and bronchus (HR, 3.72) or the eye and orbit (HR, 3.67) had a significantly higher risk. For patients who presented with regional disease, the only clear prognostic difference in multivariate analysis was that patients with ACC of skin fared significantly better. CONCLUSIONS The demographics and clinical features of patients with ACC differ by disease site. The current results indicated that site may be an important predictor of survival for patients who present with localized disease but is less important for patients who present with regional disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Li
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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Zhao X, Chao YL, Wan QB, Chen XM, Su P, Sun J, Tang Y. Flavokawain B induces apoptosis of human oral adenoid cystic cancer ACC-2 cells via up-regulation of Bim and down-regulation of Bcl-2 expression. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2011; 89:875-83. [PMID: 22115332 DOI: 10.1139/y11-088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Novel effective drugs are still urgently needed in the prevention and treatment of oral adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC). In this study, we have assessed the antitumor potential and molecular mechanisms of flavokawain B (FKB) as a kava chalcone on the ACC-2 cell line in vitro. The results demonstrated that FKB could significantly inhibit the cell proliferation of ACC-2 in a dose-dependent manner that was associated with induced apoptosis and cell cycle G2-M arrest, and the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of flavokawain-B treatment for 48 h was estimated to be 4.69 ± 0.43 µmol/L. Mechanistically, FKB could induce the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria into the cytosol, and activate the cleavage of caspase-3 and, eventually, the poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), in a dose-dependent manner, leading to marked apoptotic effect of ACC-2 cells. The apoptotic action of FKB was associated with the increased expression of proapoptotic proteins: Bim, Bax, Bak and a decreased expression of antiapoptotic Bcl-2. Among them, Bim expression was significantly induced by FKB, and knockdown of Bim expression by short-hairpin RNAs attenuated the inhibitory effect induced by FKB on ACC-2 cells. These results suggest Bim may be one of the potential transcriptional targets, and suggests the potential usefulness of FKB for the prevention and treatment of ACC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Zhao
- a State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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