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Li K, Cui M, Zhang K, Wang G, Zhai S. M1 macrophages-derived extracellular vesicles elevate microRNA-185-3p to aggravate the development of atherosclerosis in ApoE -/- mice by inhibiting small mothers against decapentaplegic 7. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 90:107138. [PMID: 33302032 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.107138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are vital mediators of transferring microRNAs (miRNAs). We focused on effect of miR-185-3p that mediated by macrophages-derived EVs on atherosclerosis (AS) by targeting small mothers against decapentaplegic 7 (Smad7). METHODS EVs were extracted from M1 macrophages and identified. ApoE-/- mice were treated with EVs, EVs containing miR-185-3p inhibitor or mimic, then the pathological changes of mouse aorta were observed. The levels of blood lipid, cell adhesion molecules, oxidative stress factors, inflammatory factors, and proliferation and apoptosis of vascular endothelial cells were assessed. Expression of miR-185-3p and Smad7 was detected and the targeting relationship between miR-185-3p and Smad7 was validated. RESULTS MiR-185-3p was upregulated while Smad7 was downregulated in atherosclerotic mouse aorta. M1 macrophages-derived EVs elevated miR-185-3p to promote development of AS pathology and levels of blood lipid, endothelial cellular adhesion, oxidative stress factors and inflammatory factors, suppressed cell proliferation and promoted cell apoptosis of vascular endothelial cells in atherosclerotic mice through downregulating Smad7. Smad7 was a target gene of miR-185-3p and miR-185-3p could inhibit expression of Smad7. CONCLUSION M1 macrophages-derived EVs and upregulated miR-185-3p aggravated the development of AS in ApoE-/- mice by negatively regulating Smad7. This research may further the understanding of AS mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Li
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Mingzhe Cui
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Kewei Zhang
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Guoquan Wang
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Shuiting Zhai
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China.
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Jia T, Wang C, Han Z, Wang X, Ding M, Wang Q. Experimental Rodent Models of Cardiovascular Diseases. Front Cardiovasc Med 2020; 7:588075. [PMID: 33365329 PMCID: PMC7750387 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2020.588075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases, as the most common non-communicable disease in the world, cause a high mortality rate today and bring a serious medical burden to countries worldwide, especially in low- and middle-income countries. Experimental rodent models are widely used for cardiovascular diseases researches due to the effective simulation of human cardiovascular diseases, strong reproductive ability, and easy detection. Herein, we will summarize the pathological manifestations of common cardiovascular diseases and illustrate the establishment of corresponding experimental rodent models in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Jia
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chen Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhengxi Han
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaozhi Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital With Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ming Ding
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Quanyi Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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Videira RF, da Costa Martins PA, Falcão-Pires I. Non-Coding RNAs as Blood-Based Biomarkers in Cardiovascular Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21239285. [PMID: 33291434 PMCID: PMC7730567 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21239285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In 2020, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain a leading cause of mortality and morbidity, contributing to the burden of the already overloaded health system. Late or incorrect diagnosis of patients with CVDs compromises treatment efficiency and patient's outcome. Diagnosis of CVDs could be facilitated by detection of blood-based biomarkers that reliably reflect the current condition of the heart. In the last decade, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) present on human biofluids including serum, plasma, and blood have been reported as potential biomarkers for CVDs. This paper reviews recent studies that focus on the use of ncRNAs as biomarkers of CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Figuinha Videira
- CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands; (R.F.V.); (P.A.d.C.M.)
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Cardiovascular Research and Development Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Paula A. da Costa Martins
- CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands; (R.F.V.); (P.A.d.C.M.)
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Cardiovascular Research and Development Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Inês Falcão-Pires
- Cardiovascular Research and Development Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence:
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Lodi Rizzini M, Gallo D, De Nisco G, D'Ascenzo F, Chiastra C, Bocchino PP, Piroli F, De Ferrari GM, Morbiducci U. Does the inflow velocity profile influence physiologically relevant flow patterns in computational hemodynamic models of left anterior descending coronary artery? Med Eng Phys 2020; 82:58-69. [PMID: 32709266 DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2020.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Patient-specific computational fluid dynamics is a powerful tool for investigating the hemodynamic risk in coronary arteries. Proper setting of flow boundary conditions in computational hemodynamic models of coronary arteries is one of the sources of uncertainty weakening the findings of in silico experiments, in consequence of the challenging task of obtaining in vivo 3D flow measurements within the clinical framework. Accordingly, in this study we evaluated the influence of assumptions on inflow velocity profile shape on coronary artery hemodynamics. To do that, (1) ten left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) geometries were reconstructed from clinical angiography, and (2) eleven velocity profiles with realistic 3D features such as eccentricity and differently shaped (single- and double-vortex) secondary flows were generated analytically and imposed as inflow boundary conditions. Wall shear stress and helicity-based descriptors obtained prescribing the commonly used parabolic velocity profile were compared with those obtained with the other velocity profiles. Our findings indicated that the imposition of idealized velocity profiles as inflow boundary condition is acceptable as long the results of the proximal vessel segment are not considered, in LAD coronary arteries. As a pragmatic rule of thumb, a conservative estimation of the length of influence of the shape of the inflow velocity profile on LAD local hemodynamics can be given by the theoretical entrance length for cylindrical conduits in laminar flow conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio Lodi Rizzini
- PoliTo(BIO)Med Lab, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Diego Gallo
- PoliTo(BIO)Med Lab, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Giuseppe De Nisco
- PoliTo(BIO)Med Lab, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Fabrizio D'Ascenzo
- Hemodynamic Laboratory, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Claudio Chiastra
- PoliTo(BIO)Med Lab, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Pier Paolo Bocchino
- Hemodynamic Laboratory, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Francesco Piroli
- Hemodynamic Laboratory, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Umberto Morbiducci
- PoliTo(BIO)Med Lab, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy.
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Ge J, Song C, Zhang C, Liu X, Chen J, Dou K, Chen L. Personalized Early-Warning Signals during Progression of Human Coronary Atherosclerosis by Landscape Dynamic Network Biomarker. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:E676. [PMID: 32575789 PMCID: PMC7350211 DOI: 10.3390/genes11060676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronary atherosclerosis is one of the major factors causing cardiovascular diseases. However, identifying the tipping point (predisease state of disease) and detecting early-warning signals of human coronary atherosclerosis for individual patients are still great challenges. The landscape dynamic network biomarkers (l-DNB) methodology is based on the theory of dynamic network biomarkers (DNBs), and can use only one-sample omics data to identify the tipping point of complex diseases, such as coronary atherosclerosis. Based on the l-DNB methodology, by using the metabolomics data of plasma of patients with coronary atherosclerosis at different stages, we accurately detected the early-warning signals of each patient. Moreover, we also discovered a group of dynamic network biomarkers (DNBs) which play key roles in driving the progression of the disease. Our study provides a new insight into the individualized early diagnosis of coronary atherosclerosis and may contribute to the development of personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Ge
- Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; (J.G.); (C.Z.); (X.L.)
| | - Chenxi Song
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China; (C.S.); (J.C.)
| | - Chengming Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; (J.G.); (C.Z.); (X.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Xiaoping Liu
- Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; (J.G.); (C.Z.); (X.L.)
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Shandong University at Weihai, Weihai 264209, China
| | - Jingzhou Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China; (C.S.); (J.C.)
| | - Kefei Dou
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China; (C.S.); (J.C.)
| | - Luonan Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; (J.G.); (C.Z.); (X.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
- Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 100 Haike Road, Shanghai 201210, China
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Zheng M, Lu N, Ren M, Chen H. Visfatin associated with major adverse cardiovascular events in patients with acute myocardial infarction. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2020; 20:271. [PMID: 32503436 PMCID: PMC7275306 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-020-01549-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Visfatin is an adipokine that related with the inflammation in atherosclerosis and the destabilization of atherosclerotic plaque. The aim of this study was to observe the relationship between visfatin and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients. METHODS We enrolled a total of 238 patients (183 AMI and 55 control) who underwent coronary angiography. Patients with AMI were followed for an average of 19.3 months and 159 patients were finally included in the study. RESULTS It was observed patients with AMI had higher serum visfatin levels than controls. The total incidence of MACEs was 11.32% (18/159) in AMI patients. After calculation of the Youden index, the best cut-off value of visfatin on the curve of receiver-operating characteristic was 8.799 ng/mL for predicting the occurrence of MACEs. The occurrence of MACEs was elevated in high-visfatin group (≥8.799 ng/mL) compared with low-visfatin group (≤8.799 ng/mL). The time to MACEs was correlated with visfatin (HR = 1.235, 95%CI 1.051-1.451, P = 0.01) and high-visfatin group had an earlier time to MACEs and a shorter time of cumulative survival. CONCLUSIONS Increased serum visfatin levels were observed in AMI patients, and correlated with an earlier onset and higher incidence of MACEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meifan Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, Fujian Provincial Clinical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China.,Department of Cardiology, Hainan West Central Hospital, Danzhou, 571700, Hainan, China
| | - Nan Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Fujian Provincial Clinical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China
| | - Meixia Ren
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Department of Geriatric Medicine, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China
| | - Haifeng Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Fujian Provincial Clinical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China.
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57
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Rocha LO, Rocha E, Succi GDM, Brito Junior RBD. Association between Periodontitis, Genetic Polymorphisms and Presence of Coronary Artery Disease in Southern Brazil. Arq Bras Cardiol 2020; 114:268-272. [PMID: 32215496 PMCID: PMC7077581 DOI: 10.36660/abc.20180296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Periodontitis and coronary artery disease (CAD) share an inflammatory etiology; there is a recent concern regarding the investigation of an association between these two conditions. Current theories indicate that cytokines and proteins have an important role in this process. C-reactive protein and interleukin-6 are inflammatory derivatives produced in the presence of periodontitis and in the pathophysiology of coronary disease. The polymorphisms of CRP + 1444 C > T and IL6-174 G > C are recognized in the literature as being related to CAD. Objective This study investigates the association between periodontitis and coronary artery disease, through the presence of PCR and IL-6 polymorphisms. Methods We selected 80 patients who underwent diagnostic catheterization in the HU of UFSM. The presence of periodontitis was determined by the Community Periodontal Index, whereas the CAD was established by the medical report. DNA was collected from a saliva sample and the presence of polymorphism was determined by PCR and restriction enzymes. A significance level of 5% was adopted. Results The mean age of all participants (p = 0.035, OR 2.65; 95%CI: (1.02-6.87) male gender (p = 0.012, OR 3.37; 95% CI: (1.28- (p = 0.013, OR 3.66; 95% CI: (1.27-10.5)), PCR polymorphism + 1444C > T (p = 0.001, OR 6.37; 95% CI:, (2.25-17.9)) and IL6 -174 G > C polymorphism (p = 0.025, OR 2.87, 95% CI: (1.09-7.55)) were statistically associated with the presence of CAD. Age > 60 years and presence of the PCR +1444 C > T polymorphism remained independently associated with CAD after adjustment by logistic regression. Conclusions The presence of the PCR + 1444 C > T polymorphism in this study was independently associated with the presence of coronary artery disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eduarda Rocha
- Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS - Brazil
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Gallo M, Trivedi JR, Monreal G, Ganzel BL, Slaughter MS. Risk Factors and Outcomes in Redo Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting. Heart Lung Circ 2020; 29:384-389. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2019.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Zhang T, Yang P, Li T, Gao J, Zhang Y. Leptin Expression in Human Epicardial Adipose Tissue Is Associated with Local Coronary Atherosclerosis. Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:9913-9922. [PMID: 31872802 PMCID: PMC6941777 DOI: 10.12659/msm.918390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Leptin is an adipokine related to overweight and cardiovascular diseases. However, the leptin expression level in epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) of humans and its association with coronary atherosclerosis has never been investigated. Material/Methods Patients receiving cardiac surgery were divided into a coronary artery disease group (CAD group) and a non-CAD group (NCAD group). Blood samples from coronary vein, biopsies of subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), and EAT were acquired during the surgery. Serum leptin level and leptin level in EAT and SAT were tested with ELISA, quantitative PCR, and immunohistochemistry and were compared between the CAD group and NCAD group, as well as between stenosis and non-stenosis subgroups. Logistic regression analysis was performed to explore the risk factors for coronary artery stenosis. Results No statistically significant differences were found in demographic and clinical data between groups (all P>0.05). Serum leptin concentration and leptin expression in EAT and SAT of the CAD group were much higher in than in the NCAD group (all P<0.05). In subgroup analysis, there was no difference in serum leptin and expression in SAT of stenosis and non-stenosis patients (All P>0.05). The leptin expression level in EAT of stenosis patients was significantly higher than in non-stenosis patients (P=0.0431). By multivariate logistic regression analysis, we demonstrated that leptin expression level in EAT was an independent risk factor for coronary artery stenosis [OR=1.09, 95%CI (1.01±1.18), P=0.031]. Conclusions Leptin expression in EAT and SAT were both increased for CAD patients. Leptin expression in EAT was an independent risk factor for coronary atherosclerosis in the adjacent artery, while leptin in SAT was not associated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuowei Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Xi'an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, Shangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Pengkang Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Xi'an No.1 Hospital, Xi'an, Shangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Tonghua Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Xi'an No.1 Hospital, Xi'an, Shangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Jianping Gao
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, North of Weihe River Central Hospital, Xi'an, Shangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Yuyang Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Xi'an No.1 Hospital, Xi'an, Shangxi, China (mainland)
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Gao ZF, Ji XL, Gu J, Wang XY, Ding L, Zhang H. microRNA-107 protects against inflammation and endoplasmic reticulum stress of vascular endothelial cells via KRT1-dependent Notch signaling pathway in a mouse model of coronary atherosclerosis. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:12029-12041. [PMID: 30548623 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Coronary atherosclerosis is a long-term, sustained, and evolving inflammatory disease manifested with the remodeling of the coronary arteries. The purpose of this study is to explore the potential role of microRNA-107 (miR-107) in vascular endothelial cells (VECs) in coronary atherosclerosis by regulating the KRT1 gene and the Notch signaling pathway. A mouse model of coronary atherosclerosis was established. The relationship between miR-107 and KRT1 was analyzed and verified by dual-luciferase reporter assay. The functional role of miR-107 in coronary atherosclerosis was determined using ectopic expression and depletion. Blood lipid levels and atherosclerotic index (AI) were measured in atherosclerotic mice. Expression pattern of miR-107, KRT1, Notch signaling pathway, inflammatory/anti-inflammatory factors, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-related genes was evaluated by means of reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction, western blot analysis, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Meanwhile, cell-cycle distribution and cell apoptosis in VECs were assessed by flow cytometry. Atherosclerotic mice exhibited higher blood lipid levels, AI, apoptotic index, and KRT1-positive expression as well as inhibited Notch signaling pathway when compared with normal mice. The miR-107 was revealed to bind to KRT1; miR-107 upregulation or KRT1 silencing resulted in reductions in blood lipid levels and AI, inhibition in cell apoptosis, inflammation, and ER stress. Restored miR-107 or downregulated KRT1 activated the Notch signaling pathway. These results supported the notion that miR-107-targeted KRT1 inhibition activated the Notch pathway, thereby, protecting against the coronary atherosclerosis. Findings in this study might provide a novel biomarker for the coronary atherosclerosis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Feng Gao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Lin Ji
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Jie Gu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Yu Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Lin Ding
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Huan Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P.R. China
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Phenolic-Rich Baccaurea angulata Modulates Inflammatory Biomarkers of Atherosclerosis. J Nutr Metab 2018; 2018:8406193. [PMID: 30524759 PMCID: PMC6247429 DOI: 10.1155/2018/8406193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading and the most critical type of chronic disease. Atherosclerosis is the most common cause of CVD. Inflammation has been progressively acknowledged as a vital and central player in the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis. Baccaurea angulata is an underutilized fruit of the island of Borneo. It was obtained from Bau, Sarawak, Malaysia. In our previous studies, B. angulata did not only increase antioxidant enzyme activities, but also slowed the lipid peroxidation process in high-cholesterol-fed rabbits. It was hypothesized that B. angulata fruit would exert an anti-inflammatory effect. This study, therefore, aimed at evaluating and comparing the effects of three different B. angulata whole fruit (WF) juice doses on 11 serum inflammatory biomarkers of atherosclerosis. Methods Thirty-five male New Zealand white rabbits were divided into seven groups (n=5). Group CH was fed 1% cholesterol diet only, group C1 was fed 1% cholesterol diet and 0.5 ml/kg/day B. angulata WF juice, group C2 was fed 1% cholesterol diet and 1.0 ml/kg/day B. angulata WF juice, group C3 was fed 1% cholesterol diet and 1.5 ml/kg/day B. angulata WF juice, group N was fed standard pellet only, group N1 was fed standard pellet and 0.5 ml/kg/day B. angulata WF juice, and group N2 was fed standard pellet and 1.0 ml/kg/day B. angulata WF juice for 12 weeks. Results The administration of the various juices reduced the concentrations of induced serum inflammatory biomarkers. Conclusion This protective effect of B. angulata fruit against cardiovascular risk might be due to its polyphenol content.
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Boudoulas KD, Marmagkiolis K, Pitsis AA, Boudoulas H. Hybrid Coronary Revascularization and the Hybrid Cardiovascular Operating Room. Cardiology 2018; 140:83-86. [PMID: 29898435 DOI: 10.1159/000489040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Harisios Boudoulas
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.,Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Walquist MJ, Stormo SK, Østerud B, Elvevoll EO, Eilertsen KE. Cold-pressed minke whale oil reduces circulating LDL/VLDL-cholesterol, lipid oxidation and atherogenesis in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice fed a Western-type diet for 13 weeks. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2018; 15:35. [PMID: 29755576 PMCID: PMC5935995 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-018-0269-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Long-chain n3-polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC n3-PUFA) are well known for their anti-inflammatory activity and their impact on cardiovascular disease. Cold-pressed whale oil (CWO) has half the amount of LC n3-PUFA compared to cod liver oil (CLO). Still, there has been observed more pronounced beneficial effects on cardiovascular disease markers from intake of CWO compared to intake of CLO in human intervention studies. Extracts from CWO deprived of fatty acids have also been shown to display antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects in vitro. The aim of this study was to investigate whether intake of a high-fat Western-type diet (WD) supplemented with CWO would prevent the development of atherosclerotic lesions in apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE-/-) mice. Methods Seventy female ApoE-/- mice were fed a WD containing 1% CWO, CLO or corn oil (CO). Atherosclerotic lesion formation, body and tissue weights, hepatic gene expression together with serum levels of LDL/VLDL-cholesterol, ox-LDL, total antioxidant status and various serum cardiovascular disease/proinflammatory markers were evaluated. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS, and Shapiro-Wilk's test was performed to determine the distribution of the variables. Statistical difference was assessed using One-Way ANOVA with Tukeys' post hoc test or Kruskal-Wallis test. The hepatic relative gene expression was analysed with REST 2009 (V2.0.13). Results Mice fed CWO had less atherosclerotic lesions in the aortic arch compared to mice fed CO. Levels of LDL/VLDL-cholesterol and ox-LDL-cholesterol were also markedly reduced whereas total antioxidant levels were enhanced in mice fed CWO compared to CO-fed mice. In addition, CWO-fed mice gained less weight and several hepatic genes involved in the cholesterol metabolism were up-regulated compared to CO-fed mice. Conclusion In the present study mice fed a WD supplemented with 1% CWO had reduced formation of atherosclerotic lesions in the aortic arch, reduced serum LDL/VLDL-cholesterol and ox-LDL-cholesterol, increased serum total antioxidant status and reduced body weight compared to mice fed a WD supplemented with 1% CO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mari Johannessen Walquist
- 1Norwegian College of Fishery Science, Faculty of Biosciences, Fisheries and Economics, UiT - The Arctic University of Norway, 9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | | | - Bjarne Østerud
- 3Faculty of Health Science, IMB, K.G Jebsen TREC, UiT - The Arctic University of Norway, 9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Edel O Elvevoll
- 1Norwegian College of Fishery Science, Faculty of Biosciences, Fisheries and Economics, UiT - The Arctic University of Norway, 9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Karl-Erik Eilertsen
- 1Norwegian College of Fishery Science, Faculty of Biosciences, Fisheries and Economics, UiT - The Arctic University of Norway, 9037 Tromsø, Norway
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Chen L, Hua X, Song J, Wang L. Which aortic clamp strategy is better to reduce postoperative stroke and death: Single center report and a meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e0221. [PMID: 29561451 PMCID: PMC5895326 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000010221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stroke is severe complication of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) which may be associated with clamp strategy, there are 2 strategies to clamp aorta including single aortic clamp (SAC) and partial aortic clamp (PAC). It is controversial that which clamping strategy is better to reduce the postoperative stroke and death, so this study aims to investigate which is better for reducing postoperative stroke and death within 30 days. METHODS We collected 469 patients who had on-pump CABG in Fuwai Hospital during January 2014 to July 2015. The SAC group consisted of 265 patients while the PAC group included 204 patients. We compared the 2 group patient difference. At the same time, 12 studies were identified by systematic search. The odds ratio (OR) was used as effect index to compare SAC and PAC strategy by fix-effect modeling. We also tested heterogeneity and publication bias. The primary end point of study was occurrence of postoperative stroke within 30 days of operation, the second end point of study was the incidence of 30-day mortality. RESULTS The single center retrospective study showed that the patients in the SAC group were older than those in the PAC group (62.5 ± 8.1 vs 60.3 ± 8.0 years, P = .01). The proportions of peripheral vascular disease and hypertension of SAC were higher than PAC (71 (26.8%) versus 36 (17.6%), P = .02; 183 (69.1%) versus 115 (56.4%), P = .01, respectively). Besides, the number of vascular anastomosis was more in the SAC group (3.29 ± 0.74 versus 2.97 ± 0.974, P < .001). The linear-regression analysis suggested that the time of cardiopulmonary bypass of SAC was shorter than the PAC group (93.2 ± 22.4 vs.103.4 ± 26.8 minutes, P-regression < .001) and postoperative death within 30-days was similar (1 (0.4%) vs. 2 (1.0%), P-regression = .47). There was no stroke occurring in both the groups. And the meta-analysis suggested the postoperative stroke and death within 30-days were similar between SAC group and PAC group (OR: 0.78, 95% CI: 0.58-1.06; OR: 0.82, 95% CI: 0.61-1.10; respectively). Moreover, subgroup meta-analysis also had the same results. CONCLUSION There was no significant difference between SAC and PAC clamping strategy on postoperative stroke and death within 30-days; however, SAC can reduce the usage time of cardiopulmonary bypass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyu Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery
| | - Xiumeng Hua
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jiangping Song
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Ho WSV, Kelly MEM. Cannabinoids in the Cardiovascular System. ADVANCES IN PHARMACOLOGY (SAN DIEGO, CALIF.) 2017; 80:329-366. [PMID: 28826540 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apha.2017.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cannabinoids are known to modulate cardiovascular functions including heart rate, vascular tone, and blood pressure in humans and animal models. Essential components of the endocannabinoid system, namely, the production, degradation, and signaling pathways of endocannabinoids have been described not only in the central and peripheral nervous system but also in myocardium, vasculature, platelets, and immune cells. The mechanisms of cardiovascular responses to endocannabinoids are often complex and may involve cannabinoid CB1 and CB2 receptors or non-CB1/2 receptor targets. Preclinical and some clinical studies have suggested that targeting the endocannabinoid system can improve cardiovascular functions in a number of pathophysiological conditions, including hypertension, metabolic syndrome, sepsis, and atherosclerosis. In this chapter, we summarize the local and systemic cardiovascular effects of cannabinoids and highlight our current knowledge regarding the therapeutic potential of endocannabinoid signaling and modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wing S V Ho
- Vascular Biology Research Centre, St George's University of London, London, United Kingdom.
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The endlessness evolution of medicine, continuous increase in life expectancy and constant role of the physician. Hellenic J Cardiol 2017; 58:322-330. [PMID: 28528259 DOI: 10.1016/j.hjc.2017.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Revised: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In this review, the endlessness evolution of medical science and medical technology, and its effects on disease metamorphosis and increased life expectancy are discussed. In certain instances, the past will be compared with the present and predictions for the future will be outlined. Further, the constant role of the physician in maintaining the health of human beings is emphasized in this endlessness evolution.
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Boudoulas KD, Stefanadis C, Boudoulas H. The Role of Interventional Cardiology to Our Understanding of Basic Mechanisms Related to Coronary Atherosclerosis: “Thinking outside the box”. Hellenic J Cardiol 2017; 58:110-114. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hjc.2016.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Revised: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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