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Lavanderos MA, Cayún JP, Roco Á, Sandoval C, Cerpa L, Rubilar JC, Cerro R, Molina-Mellico S, Celedón C, Cerda B, García-Martín E, Agúndez JAG, Acevedo C, Peña K, Cáceres DD, Varela NM, Quiñones LA. Association Study Among Candidate Genetic Polymorphisms and Chemotherapy-Related Severe Toxicity in Testicular Cancer Patients. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:206. [PMID: 30914949 PMCID: PMC6421934 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Testicular cancer is one of the most commonly occurring malignant tumors in young men with fourfold higher rate of incidence and threefold higher mortality rates in Chile than the average global rates. Surgery is the initial line of treatment for testicular cancers, and is generally followed by chemotherapy, usually with combinations of bleomycin, etoposide, and cisplatin (BEP). However, the adverse effects of chemotherapy vary significantly among individuals; therefore, the present study explored the association of functionally significant allelic variations in genes related to the pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics of BEP and DNA repair enzymes with chemotherapy-induced toxicity in BEP-treated testicular cancer patients. We prospectively recruited 119 patients diagnosed with testicular cancer from 2010 to 2017. Genetic polymorphisms were analyzed using PCR and/or qPCR with TaqMan®probes. Toxicity was evaluated based on the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events, v4.03. After univariate analyses to define more relevant genetic variants (p < 0.2) and clinical conditions in relation to severe (III–IV) adverse drug reactions (ADRs), stepwise forward multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed. As expected, the main severe ADRs associated with the non-genetic variables were hematological (neutropenia and leukopenia). Univariate statistical analyses revealed that patients with ERCC2 rs13181 T/G and/or CYP3A4 rs2740574 A/G genotypes are more likely to develop alopecia; patients with ERCC2 rs238406 C/C genotype may develop leukopenia, and patients with GSTT1-null genotype could develop lymphocytopenia (III–IV). Patients with ERCC2 rs1799793 A/A were at risk of developing severe anemia. The BLMH rs1050565 G/G genotype was found to be associated with pain, and the GSTP1 G/G genotype was linked infection (p < 0.05). Multivariate analysis showed an association between specific ERCC1/2 genotypes and cumulative dose of BEP drugs with the appearance of severe leukopenia and/or febrile neutropenia. Grades III–IV vomiting, nausea, and alopecia could be partly explained by the presence of specific ERCC1/2, MDR1, GSTP1, and BLMH genotypes (p < 0.05). Hence, we provide evidence for the usefulness of pharmacogenetics as a tool for predicting severe ADRs in testicular cancer patients treated with BEP chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- María A Lavanderos
- Laboratory of Chemical Carcinogenesis and Pharmacogenetics, Department of Basic and Clinical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Juan P Cayún
- Laboratory of Chemical Carcinogenesis and Pharmacogenetics, Department of Basic and Clinical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ángela Roco
- Laboratory of Chemical Carcinogenesis and Pharmacogenetics, Department of Basic and Clinical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Servicio Metropolitano de Salud Occidente, Santiago, Chile
| | - Christopher Sandoval
- Laboratory of Chemical Carcinogenesis and Pharmacogenetics, Department of Basic and Clinical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Leslie Cerpa
- Laboratory of Chemical Carcinogenesis and Pharmacogenetics, Department of Basic and Clinical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Juan C Rubilar
- Laboratory of Chemical Carcinogenesis and Pharmacogenetics, Department of Basic and Clinical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Roberto Cerro
- Laboratory of Chemical Carcinogenesis and Pharmacogenetics, Department of Basic and Clinical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Sebastián Molina-Mellico
- Laboratory of Chemical Carcinogenesis and Pharmacogenetics, Department of Basic and Clinical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Cesar Celedón
- Laboratory of Chemical Carcinogenesis and Pharmacogenetics, Department of Basic and Clinical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Berta Cerda
- Instituto Nacional del Cáncer, Santiago, Chile
| | - Elena García-Martín
- Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, ARADyAL, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - José A G Agúndez
- Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, ARADyAL, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Cristián Acevedo
- Laboratory of Chemical Carcinogenesis and Pharmacogenetics, Department of Basic and Clinical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Clinical Hospital University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Karina Peña
- Department of Oncology, Hospital San Juan de Dios, Santiago, Chile
| | - Dante D Cáceres
- Laboratory of Chemical Carcinogenesis and Pharmacogenetics, Department of Basic and Clinical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Instituto de Salud Poblacional, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Nelson M Varela
- Laboratory of Chemical Carcinogenesis and Pharmacogenetics, Department of Basic and Clinical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Luis A Quiñones
- Laboratory of Chemical Carcinogenesis and Pharmacogenetics, Department of Basic and Clinical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
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52
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Mascolo MG, Perdichizzi S, Vaccari M, Rotondo F, Zanzi C, Grilli S, Paparella M, Jacobs MN, Colacci A. The transformics assay: first steps for the development of an integrated approach to investigate the malignant cell transformation in vitro. Carcinogenesis 2019; 39:955-967. [PMID: 29554273 PMCID: PMC6031005 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgy037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of alternative methods to animal testing is a priority in the context of regulatory toxicology. Carcinogenesis is a field where the demand for alternative methods is particularly high. The standard rodent carcinogenicity bioassay requires a large use of animals, high costs, prolonged duration and shows several limitations, which can affect the comprehension of the human relevance of animal carcinogenesis. The cell transformation assay (CTA) has long been debated as a possible in vitro test to study carcinogenesis. This assay provides an easily detectable endpoint of oncotransformation, which can be used to anchor the exposure to the acquisition of the malignant phenotype. However, the current protocols do not provide information on either molecular key events supporting the carcinogenesis process, nor the mechanism of action of the test chemicals. In order to improve the use of this assay in the integrated testing strategy for carcinogenesis, we developed the transformics method, which combines the CTA and transcriptomics, to highlight the molecular steps leading to in vitro malignant transformation. We studied 3-methylcholanthrene (3-MCA), a genotoxic chemical able to induce in vitro cell transformation, at both transforming and subtransforming concentrations in BALB/c 3T3 cells and evaluated the gene modulation at critical steps of the experimental protocol. The results gave evidence for the potential key role of the immune system and the possible involvement of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) pathway as the initial steps of the in vitro transformation process induced by 3-MCA, suggesting that the initiating events are related to non-genotoxic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Grazia Mascolo
- Center for Environmental Toxicology, Agency for Prevention, Environment and Energy, Emilia-Romagna, Viale Filopanti, Bologna, Italy
| | - Stefania Perdichizzi
- Center for Environmental Toxicology, Agency for Prevention, Environment and Energy, Emilia-Romagna, Viale Filopanti, Bologna, Italy
| | - Monica Vaccari
- Center for Environmental Toxicology, Agency for Prevention, Environment and Energy, Emilia-Romagna, Viale Filopanti, Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesca Rotondo
- Center for Environmental Toxicology, Agency for Prevention, Environment and Energy, Emilia-Romagna, Viale Filopanti, Bologna, Italy
| | - Cristina Zanzi
- Center for Environmental Toxicology, Agency for Prevention, Environment and Energy, Emilia-Romagna, Viale Filopanti, Bologna, Italy
| | - Sandro Grilli
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Section of Cancerology, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Martin Paparella
- Chemicals and Biocides, Environment Agency Austria, Vienna, Austria
| | - Miriam N Jacobs
- Department of Toxicology, Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards Public Health England, Chilton, Oxfordshire, UK
| | - Annamaria Colacci
- Center for Environmental Toxicology, Agency for Prevention, Environment and Energy, Emilia-Romagna, Viale Filopanti, Bologna, Italy
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53
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Darvishi M, Mashati P, Khosravi A. The clinical significance of CDX2 in leukemia: A new perspective for leukemia research. Leuk Res 2018; 72:45-51. [PMID: 30096576 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2018.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Revised: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
CDX2 gene encodes a transcription factor involved in primary embryogenesis and hematopoietic development; however, the expression of CDX2 in adults is restricted to intestine and is not observed in blood tissues. The ectopic expression of CDX2 has been frequently observed in acute myeloid and lymphoid leukemia which in most cases is concomitant with poor prognosis. Induction of CDX2 in mice leads to hematologic complications, showing the leukemogenic origin of this gene. CDX2 plays significant role in the most critical pathways as the regulator of important transcription factors targeting cell proliferation, multi-drug resistance and survival. On the whole, the results indicate that CDX2 has the potential to be suggested as the diagnostic marker in hematologic malignancies. This review discusses the role of aberrant expression of CDX2 in the prognosis and the response to treatment in patients with different leukemia in clinical reports in the recent decades. The improvement in this regard could be of high importance in diagnosis and treatment methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Darvishi
- Department of Hematology and Blood Bank, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pargol Mashati
- Department of Hematology and Blood Bank, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Khosravi
- Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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54
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Design and optimization of the cocktail assay for rapid assessment of the activity of UGT enzymes in human and rat liver microsomes. Toxicol Lett 2018; 295:379-389. [PMID: 30036684 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2018.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Revised: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Along with the prevalence of drug combination therapies, an increasing number of cases about drug-drug interactions (DDI) have been reported, which has drawn a lot of attention due to the potential toxicity and/or therapeutic failure. Pharmacokinetic interactions based on drug metabolic enzymes should be responsible for a great many of DDI. UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGT) as the main phase II metabolic enzymes are involved in the metabolism of many endogenous and exogenous substrates. Herein, we designed and optimized a validated cocktail method for the simultaneous evaluation of drug-mediated inhibition of the main five UGT isoforms using respective specific probe substrates (estradiol for UGT1A1, chenodeoxycholic acid for UGT1A3, serotonin for UGT1A6, propofol for UGT1A9/PROG and zidovudine for UGT2B7/AZTG) in human and rat liver microsomes by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LCMS/MS). Moreover, we investigated the risk of interactions among UGT probe substrates, and validated the cocktail method by known positive inhibitors of UGT isoforms. To minimize the substrates interaction, we developed two cocktail subgroups which were further optimized via exploring the experimental conditions. In particular, the cocktail inhibition assay for rapid assessment of in vitro rat UGTs was firstly reported and the values of Km in the liver microsomes from humans and rats were close to each other in the specific UGT subtype. In conclusion, this study has successfully established the cocktail approach to explore UGT activity, especially for UGT inhibition in a fast and efficient way.
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55
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Zhou X, Zhao Y, Wang J, Wang X, Chen C, Yin D, Zhao F, Yin J, Guo M, Zhang L, Du L, Zhang B, Yin X. Resveratrol represses estrogen-induced mammary carcinogenesis through NRF2-UGT1A8-estrogen metabolic axis activation. Biochem Pharmacol 2018; 155:252-263. [PMID: 30009768 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2018.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Estrogen plays a pivotal role in the pathological development of breast cancer. Resveratrol has chemo-preventive effects against breast cancer, whereas, the mechanism of antitumor activities of resveratrol remains unanswered. In this study, we showed that estrogen homeostasis profile was disturbed in both breast cancer patients and in experimental breast cancer model rats, with carcinogenic catechol estrogens significantly accumulated in the mammary tissues. UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A8 (UGT1A8) is an important phase II drug-metabolizing enzymes which involved in the metabolism of catechol estrogens. Here we found that the mammary nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) - UGT1A8 signaling was down-regulated in breast cancer rats, whereas treatment with resveratrol could upregulate the expression of NRF2 and UGT1A8, accelerate metabolic elimination of catechol estrogens, inhibit estrogen-induced DNA damage and suppress the pathological development of breast cancer. In addition, luciferase reporter assay suggested that resveratrol activated the expression of UGT1A8 by up-regulating the transcriptional activity of NRF2. Small-interfering RNA-mediated silencing of NRF2 abolished resveratrol-mediated preventive effects indicated that the antitumor effect of resveratrol is based on NRF2-UGT1A8-estrogen metabolism axis. Taken together, we established the resveratrol regulating potential on estrogen homeostasis based on NRF2-UGT1A8 signaling pathway, and also provided a novel link between estrogen glucuronidation metabolism and breast cancer pathological development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyan Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yun Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xi Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Chunxia Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Di Yin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Feng Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jiale Yin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Meng Guo
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Longzhen Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Lei Du
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Bei Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.
| | - Xiaoxing Yin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.
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56
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Chen P, Zhu KW, Zhang DY, Yan H, Liu H, Liu YL, Cao S, Zhou G, Zeng H, Chen SP, Zhao XL, Yang J, Chen XP. Influence of UGT1A1 polymorphisms on the outcome of acute myeloid leukemia patients treated with cytarabine-base regimens. J Transl Med 2018; 16:197. [PMID: 30016963 PMCID: PMC6050722 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-018-1579-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A subfamily (UGT1A) enzymes can inactivate cytarabine (Ara-C) by glucuronidation, and thus serves as candidate genes for interindividual difference in Ara-C response. UGT1A1 is a major UGT1A isoform expressed in human liver. METHODS UGT1A1*6 and *28 polymorphisms resulting in reduced UGT1A1 activity were genotyped in 726 adult acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients treated with Ara-C based regimens. Influences of both polymorphisms on chemosensitivity and disease prognosis of the patients were evaluated. RESULTS After one or two courses of Ara-C based induction chemotherapy, the complete remission (CR) rate was significantly higher in patients carrying the UGT1A1*6 (77.0%) or the UGT1A1*28 (76.4%) alleles as compared with corresponding wild-type homozygotes (66.9 and 68.5%, respectively). Carriers of the UGT1A1*6 or *28 alleles showed significantly decreased risk of non-CR (OR = 0.528, 95% CI 0.379-0.737, P = 1.7 × 10-4) and better overall survival (HR = 0.787, 95% CI 0.627-0.990, P = 0.040) as compared with homozygotes for both polymorphisms. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that UGT1A1*28 and UGT1A1*6 are associated with improved clinical outcomes in Chinese AML patients treated with Ara-C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Chen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University; Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke-Wei Zhu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University; Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Dao-Yu Zhang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University; Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Han Yan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University; Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Han Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University; Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan-Ling Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University; Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Shan Cao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University; Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Gan Zhou
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University; Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Zeng
- Department of Hematology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu-Ping Chen
- Department of Hematology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xie-Lan Zhao
- Department of Hematology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Ping Chen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China. .,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University; Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, People's Republic of China. .,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
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Morales-Prieto N, Ruiz-Laguna J, Sheehan D, Abril N. Transcriptome signatures of p,p´-DDE-induced liver damage in Mus spretus mice. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 238:150-167. [PMID: 29554563 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 02/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The use of DDT (1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl) ethane) in some countries, although regulated, is contributing to an increased worldwide risk of exposure to this organochlorine pesticide or its derivative p,p'-DDE [1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl) ethylene]. Many studies have associated p,p'-DDE exposure to type 2 diabetes, obesity and alterations of the reproductive system, but their molecular mechanisms of toxicity remain poorly understood. We have addressed this issue by using commercial microarrays based on probes for the entire Mus musculus genome to determine the hepatic transcriptional signatures of p,p'-DDE in the phylogenetically close mouse species Mus spretus. High-stringency hybridization conditions and analysis assured reliable results, which were also verified, in part, by qRT-PCR, immunoblotting and/or enzymatic activity. Our data linked 198 deregulated genes to mitochondrial dysfunction and perturbations of central signaling pathways (kinases, lipids, and retinoic acid) leading to enhanced lipogenesis and aerobic glycolysis, inflammation, cell proliferation and testosterone catabolism and excretion. Alterations of transcript levels of genes encoding enzymes involved in testosterone catabolism and excretion would explain the relationships established between p,p´-DDE exposure and reproductive disorders, obesity and diabetes. Further studies will help to fully understand the molecular basis of p,p´-DDE molecular toxicity in liver and reproductive organs, to identify effective exposure biomarkers and perhaps to design efficient p,p'-DDE exposure counteractive strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noelia Morales-Prieto
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario CeiA3, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, Edificio Severo Ochoa, E-14071, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Julia Ruiz-Laguna
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario CeiA3, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, Edificio Severo Ochoa, E-14071, Córdoba, Spain
| | - David Sheehan
- College of Arts and Science, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, PO Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Nieves Abril
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario CeiA3, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, Edificio Severo Ochoa, E-14071, Córdoba, Spain.
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Xie ZC, Li TT, Gan BL, Gao X, Gao L, Chen G, Hu XH. Investigation of miR-136-5p key target genes and pathways in lung squamous cell cancer based on TCGA database and bioinformatics analysis. Pathol Res Pract 2018; 214:644-654. [PMID: 29650443 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2018.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Revised: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung squamous cell cancer (LUSC) is a common but challenging malignancy. It is important to illuminate the molecular mechanism of LUSC. Thus, we aim to explore the molecular mechanism of miR-136-5p in relation to LUSC. METHODS We used the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database to investigate the expression of miR-136-5p in relation to LUSC. Then, we identified the possible miR-136-5p target genes through intersection of the predicted miR-136-5p target genes and LUSC upregulated genes from TCGA. Bioinformatics analysis was performed to determine the key miR-136-5p targets and pathways associated with LUSC. Finally, the expression of hub genes, correlation between miR-136-5p and hub genes, and expected significance of hub genes were evaluated via the TCGA and Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) project. RESULTS MiR-136-5p was significantly downregulated in LUSC patients. Glucuronidation, glucuronosyltransferase, and the retinoic acid metabolic process were the most enriched metabolic interactions in LUSC patients. Ascorbate and aldarate metabolism, pentose and glucuronate interconversions, and retinol metabolism were identified as crucial pathways. Seven hub genes (UGT1A1, UGT1A3, UGT1A6, UGT1A7, UGT1A10, SRD5A1, and ADH7) were found to be upregulated, and UGT1A1, UGT1A3, UGT1A6, UGT1A7, and ADH7 were negatively correlated with miR-136-5p. UGT1A7 and ADH7 were the most significantly involved miR-136-5p target genes, and high expression of these genes was correlated with better overall survival and disease-free survival of LUSC patients. CONCLUSIONS Downregulated miR-136-5p may target UGT1A7 and ADH7 and participate in ascorbate and aldarate metabolism, pentose and glucuronate interconversions, and retinol metabolism. High expression of UGT1A7 and ADH7 may indicate better prognosis of LUSC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zu-Cheng Xie
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, PR China
| | - Tian-Tian Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, PR China
| | - Bin-Liang Gan
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, PR China
| | - Xiang Gao
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, PR China
| | - Li Gao
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, PR China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, PR China
| | - Xiao-Hua Hu
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, PR China.
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Drug-drug interaction potential of antitumor acridine agent C-1748: The substrate of UDP-glucuronosyltransferases 2B7, 2B17 and the inhibitor of 1A9 and 2B7. Pharmacol Rep 2018; 70:972-980. [PMID: 30107347 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2018.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Revised: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The compound 9-(2'-hydroxyethylamino)-4-methyl-1-nitroacridine (C-1748), the promising antitumor agent developed in our laboratory was determined to undergo phase I metabolic pathways. The present studies aimed to know its biotransformation with phase II enzymes - UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs) and its potential to be engaged in drug-drug interactions arising from the modulation of UGT activity. METHODS UGT-mediated transformations with rat liver (RLM), human liver (HLM), and human intestine (HIM) microsomes and with 10 recombinant human isoenzymes were investigated. Studies on the ability of C-1748 to inhibit UGT were performed with HLM, HT29 colorectal cancer cell homogenate and the selected recombinant UGT isoenzymes. The reactions were monitored using HPLC-UV/Vis method and the C-1748 metabolite structure was determined with ESI-TOF-MS/MS analysis. RESULTS Pseudo-molecular ion (m/z 474.1554) and the experiment with β-glucuronidase indicated that O-glucuronide of C-1748 was formed in the presence of microsomal fractions. This reaction was selectively catalyzed by UGT2B7 and 2B17. High inhibitory effect of C-1748 was shown towards isoenzyme UGT1A9 (IC50=39.7μM) and significant but low inhibitory potential was expressed in HT29 cell homogenate (IC50=84.5μM). The mixed-type inhibition mechanism (Ki=17.0μM;Ki'=81.0μM), induced by C-1748 was observed for recombinant UGT1A9 glucuronidation, whereas HT29 cell homogenate resulted in noncompetitive inhibition (Ki=94.6μM). CONCLUSIONS The observed UGT-mediated metabolism of C-1748 and its ability to inhibit UGT activity should be considered as the potency for drug resistance and drug-drug interactions in the prospective multidrug therapy.
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Chen J, Wang Z, Zou T, Cui J, Yin J, Zheng W, Jiang W, Zhou H, Liu Z. Pharmacogenomics of platinum-based chemotherapy response in NSCLC: a genotyping study and a pooled analysis. Oncotarget 2018; 7:55741-55756. [PMID: 27248474 PMCID: PMC5342450 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Published data showed inconsistent results about associations of extensively studied polymorphisms with platinum-based chemotherapy response. Our study aimed to provide reliable conclusions of these associations by detecting genotypes of the SNPs in a larger sample size and summarizing a comprehensive pooled analysis. 13 SNPs in 8 genes were genotyped in 1024 NSCLC patients by SequenomMassARRAY. 39 published studies and our study were included in meta-analysis. Patients with GA or GG genotypes of XRCC1 G1196 had better response than AA genotype carriers (Genotyping study: OR = 0.72, 95%CI: 0.53-0.96, P = 0.028; Meta-analysis: OR = 0.74, 95%CI: 0.62-0.89, P = 0.001). Patients carrying CT or TT genotypes of XRCC1 C580T could be more sensitive to platinum-based chemotherapy compared to patients with CC genotype (OR = 0.54, 95%CI: 0.37-0.80, P = 0.002). CC genotype of XRCC3 C18067T carriers showed more resistance to platinum-based chemotherapy when compared to those with CT or TT genotypes (OR = 0.69, 95%CI: 0.52-0.91, P = 0.009). Our study indicated that XRCC1 G1196A/C580T and XRCC3 C18067T should be paid attention for personalized platinum-based chemotherapy in NSCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Chen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha, P. R. China.,Hunan Province Cooperation Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang, P. R. China
| | - Zhan Wang
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Ting Zou
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Jiajia Cui
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Jiye Yin
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha, P. R. China.,Hunan Province Cooperation Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang, P. R. China
| | - Wei Zheng
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Wuzhong Jiang
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Honghao Zhou
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha, P. R. China.,Hunan Province Cooperation Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang, P. R. China
| | - Zhaoqian Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha, P. R. China.,Hunan Province Cooperation Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang, P. R. China
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Chen JM, Xia YM, Zhang YD, Zhang TT, Peng QR, Fang Y. Influence of substrates on the in vitro kinetics of steviol glucuronidation and interaction between steviol glycosides metabolites and UGT2B7. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2017; 69:472-479. [DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2017.1373079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Ming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yong-Mei Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yan-Dong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Tong-Tong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Qing-Rui Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yun Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
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Terminating the criminal collaboration in pancreatic cancer: Nanoparticle-based synergistic therapy for overcoming fibroblast-induced drug resistance. Biomaterials 2017; 144:105-118. [PMID: 28837958 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2017.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2017] [Revised: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a lethal cancer with a dismal overall prognosis mainly unchanged over the past decades. PDAC is generally refractory to conventional treatments, and thus novel therapies are urgently needed. Recently, accumulating evidence has indicated that human pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) facilitate PDAC development and drug resistance through paracrine activation of hedgehog pathway. Here, we report that smart SN38 (active metabolite of irinotecan) polymeric prodrug-based nanoparticles effectively encapsulate the commercial hedgehog pathway inhibitor GDC-0449 for co-delivery. More intriguingly, we obtained size-tunable nanoparticles with increased GDC-0449 loading efficiency by simply extending the chain length of the hydrophobic SN38 block. To better evaluate the efficacy and investigate the synergistic mechanisms, we immortalized human PSCs and established fibroblast-containing models in vitro and in vivo. In PSCs, BxPC-3 cells and MIA PaCa-2 cells, GDC-0449 suppressed the co-culture induced up-regulations of the two drug resistance contributors: sonic hedgehog transcription factor glioma-associated protein1 (GLI-1) and UGT1A glucuronosyltransferase. Importantly, the nanoparticle-mediated co-delivery system exhibited potent antitumor efficacy with enhanced apoptosis and reduced collagen, α-SMA and GLI-1 expression in tumor tissues. These findings reveal a potential strategy to utilize nanoparticle-mediated drug co-delivery platform as an effective combination therapy for fibroblast-enriched PDAC.
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Bush KT, Wu W, Lun C, Nigam SK. The drug transporter OAT3 (SLC22A8) and endogenous metabolite communication via the gut-liver-kidney axis. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:15789-15803. [PMID: 28765282 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.796516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Revised: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The organic anion transporters OAT1 (SLC22A6) and OAT3 (SLC22A8) have similar substrate specificity for drugs, but it is far from clear whether this holds for endogenous substrates. By analysis of more than 600 metabolites in the Oat3KO (Oat3 knockout) by LC/MS, we demonstrate OAT3 involvement in the movement of gut microbiome products, key metabolites, and signaling molecules, including those flowing through the gut-liver-kidney axis. Major pathways affected included those involved in metabolism of bile acids, flavonoids, nutrients, amino acids (including tryptophan-derivatives that are uremic toxins), and lipids. OAT3 is also critical in elimination of liver-derived phase II metabolites, particularly those undergoing glucuronidation. Analysis of physicochemical features revealed nine distinct metabolite groups; at least one member of most clusters has been previously validated in transport assays. In contrast to drugs interacting with the OATs, endogenous metabolites accumulating in the Oat1KO (Oat1 knockout) versus Oat3KO have distinct differences in their physicochemical properties; they are very different in size, number of rings, hydrophobicity, and molecular complexity. Consistent with the Remote Sensing and Signaling Hypothesis, the data support the importance of the OAT transporters in inter-organ and inter-organismal remote communication via transporter-mediated movement of key metabolites and signaling molecules (e.g. gut microbiome-to-intestine-to-blood-to-liver-to-kidney-to-urine). We discuss the possibility of an intimate connection between OATs and metabolite sensing and signaling pathways (e.g. bile acids). Furthermore, the metabolomics and pathway analysis support the view that OAT1 plays a greater role in kidney proximal tubule metabolism and OAT3 appears relatively more important in systemic metabolism, modulating levels of metabolites flowing through intestine, liver, and kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Christina Lun
- Biology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093
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Zhou X, Zheng Z, Xu C, Wang J, Min M, Zhao Y, Wang X, Gong Y, Yin J, Guo M, Guo D, Zheng J, Zhang B, Yin X. Disturbance of Mammary UDP-Glucuronosyltransferase Represses Estrogen Metabolism and Exacerbates Experimental Breast Cancer. J Pharm Sci 2017; 106:2152-2162. [PMID: 28479355 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2017.04.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Revised: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The progression of breast cancer is closely related to the levels of estrogens within the body. UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) is an important class of phase II metabolizing enzymes, playing a pivotal role in detoxifying steroid hormone. In the present study, we aim at uncovering the potential dysregulation pattern of UGT and its role in estrogen metabolism and in the pathogenesis of breast cancer. Female Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with 100 mg/kg dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) to induce breast cancer. Our results showed that the expression and activity of UGT in mammary tissues were downregulated significantly in DMBA rats. Consistent with this, levels of estradiol, 4-hydroxylated estradiol, and 2-hydroxylated estradiol were increased in both mammary tissues and serum, supporting a notable accumulation of toxic estrogen species in the target tissue of breast cancer. In addition, we also observed the decreased cell migration, cell proliferation, and DNA damage in UGT-transfected MCF-7 cells, suggesting a protective role of UGT against estrogen-induced mammary carcinogenesis. Taken together, these results indicated that accumulation of estrogens induced by UGT deficiency is a critical factor to induce the development of breast cancer. UGT contributes to estrogen elimination, and its glucuronidation capacity influences the estrogen signaling pathway and the pathogenesis of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyan Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziqiang Zheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Chang Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengjun Min
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinhan Gong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiale Yin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Guo
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Guo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Junnian Zheng
- Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Bei Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxing Yin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China.
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Yang N, Sun R, Liao X, Aa J, Wang G. UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs) and their related metabolic cross-talk with internal homeostasis: A systematic review of UGT isoforms for precision medicine. Pharmacol Res 2017; 121:169-183. [PMID: 28479371 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2017.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2017] [Revised: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs) are the primary phase II enzymes catalyzing the conjugation of glucuronic acid to the xenobiotics with polar groups for facilitating their clearance. The UGTs belong to a superfamily that consists of diverse isoforms possessing distinct but overlapping metabolic activity. The abnormality or deficiency of UGTs in vivo is highly associated with some diseases, efficacy and toxicity of drugs, and precisely therapeutic personality. Despite the great effects and fruitful results achieved, to date, the expression and functions of individual UGTs have not been well clarified, the inconsistency of UGTs is often observed in human and experimental animals, and the complex regulation factors affecting UGTs have not been systematically summarized. This article gives an overview of updated reports on UGTs involving the various regulatory factors in terms of the genetic, environmental, pathological, and physiological effects on the functioning of individual UGTs, in turn, the dysfunction of UGTs induced disease risk and endo- or xenobiotic metabolism-related toxicity. The complex cross-talk effect of UGTs with internal homeostasis is systematically summarized and discussed in detail, which would be of great importance for personalized precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Yang
- Key Lab of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Runbin Sun
- Key Lab of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xiaoying Liao
- Key Lab of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jiye Aa
- Key Lab of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Guangji Wang
- Key Lab of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
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Ge S, Tu Y, Hu M. Challenges and Opportunities with Predicting in Vivo Phase II Metabolism via Glucuronidation from in Vitro Data. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 2:326-338. [PMID: 28966903 DOI: 10.1007/s40495-016-0076-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Glucuronidation is the most important phase II metabolic pathway which is responsible for the clearance of many endogenous and exogenous compounds. To better understand the elimination process for compounds undergoing glucuronidation and identify compounds with desirable in vivo pharmacokinetic properties, many efforts have been made to predict in vivo glucuronidation using in vitro data. In this article, we reviewed typical approaches used in previous predictions. The problems and challenges in prediction of glucuronidation were discussed. Besides that different incubation conditions can affect the prediction accuracy, other factors including efflux / uptake transporters, enterohepatic recycling, and deglucuronidation reactions also contribute to the disposition of glucuronides and make the prediction more difficult. PBPK modeling, which can describe more complicated process in vivo, is a promising prediction strategy which may greatly improve the prediction of glucuronidation and potential DDIs involving glucuronidation. Based on previous studies, we proposed a transport-glucuronidation classification system, which was built based on the kinetics of both glucuronidation and transport of the glucuronide. This system could be a very useful tool to achieve better in vivo predictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shufan Ge
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Houston, 1441 Moursund Street, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Yifan Tu
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Houston, 1441 Moursund Street, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Ming Hu
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Houston, 1441 Moursund Street, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
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Kuivanen J, Sugai-Guérios MH, Arvas M, Richard P. A novel pathway for fungal D-glucuronate catabolism contains an L-idonate forming 2-keto-L-gulonate reductase. Sci Rep 2016; 6:26329. [PMID: 27189775 PMCID: PMC4870679 DOI: 10.1038/srep26329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
For the catabolism of D-glucuronate, different pathways are used by different life forms. The pathways in bacteria and animals are established, however, a fungal pathway has not been described. In this communication, we describe an enzyme that is essential for D-glucuronate catabolism in the filamentous fungus Aspergillus niger. The enzyme has an NADH dependent 2-keto-L-gulonate reductase activity forming L-idonate. The deletion of the corresponding gene, the gluC, results in a phenotype of no growth on D-glucuronate. The open reading frame of the A. niger 2-keto-L-gulonate reductase was expressed as an active protein in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. A histidine tagged protein was purified and it was demonstrated that the enzyme converts 2-keto-L-gulonate to L-idonate and, in the reverse direction, L-idonate to 2-keto-L-gulonate using the NAD(H) as cofactors. Such an L-idonate forming 2-keto-L-gulonate dehydrogenase has not been described previously. In addition, the finding indicates that the catabolic D-glucuronate pathway in A. niger differs fundamentally from the other known D-glucuronate pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joosu Kuivanen
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd, P.O. Box 1000, 02044-VTT, Finland
| | - Maura H Sugai-Guérios
- Departamento de Engenharia Química e Engenharia de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Cx.P. 476 Centro Tecnológico, Florianópolis 88040-900, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Mikko Arvas
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd, P.O. Box 1000, 02044-VTT, Finland
| | - Peter Richard
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd, P.O. Box 1000, 02044-VTT, Finland
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