Synthesis of isosorbide based polyurethanes: An isocyanate free method

Facile preparation of antibacterial, highly elastic silvered polyurethane nanofiber fabrics using silver carbamate and their dermal wound healing properties

In this study, polycarbonate diol/isosorbide-based antibacterial polyurethane nanofiber fabrics containing Ag nanoparticles were prepared by electrospinning process. Bio-based highly elastic polyurethane was prepared from hexamethylene diisocyanate and isosorbide/polycarbonate diol (8/2) by a simple one-shot bulk polymerization. Ag nanoparticles were formed using simple thermal reduction of silver 2-ethylhexylcarbamate at 120℃. The structural and morphological properties of polyurethane/Ag nanofibers were characterized by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. The polyurethane nanofiber fabrics were flexible, with breaking strains from 355% to 950% under 7.28 to 23.1 MPa tensile stress. The antibacterial effects of the treated polyurethane/Ag fabrics against Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus were examined and found to be excellent. Cell proliferation using the immortalized human keratinocyte HaCaT cell line was performed in order to determine cell viability in the presence of polyurethane and polyurethane/Ag fabrics, showing cytocompatiblility and a lack of toxicity.

A thioglycerol route to bio-based bis-cyclic carbonates: poly(hydroxyurethane) preparation and post-functionalization

The present work is dedicated to the design of novel sulfur-substituted cyclic carbonates from thioglycerol, fatty acids and sugar derivatives.

A novel 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid-based bis(cyclic carbonate) for the synthesis of biobased non-isocyanate polyurethanes

A novel route was introduced for the production of non-isocyanate polyurethanes from biobased 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid with the incorporation of CO₂.

A study of cyclic carbonate aminolysis at room temperature: effect of cyclic carbonate structures and solvents on polyhydroxyurethane synthesis

In recent years, intensive research and development have been carried out for the synthesis of isocyanate free polyurethanes from the reaction between five-membered cyclic carbonates and amines to yield polyhydroxyurethanes (PHU).

A Chitosan Derivative Containing Both Carboxylic Acid and Quaternary Ammonium Moieties for the Synthesis of Cyclic Carbonates

Chitosan, a renewable feedstock, is modified and used as a catalytic support in the presence of potassium iodide. The system is highly efficient towards the incorporation of carbon dioxide (CO2 ) into epoxides. It demonstrates very good thermal stability and is recyclable more than five times without loss of activity. The optimal reaction conditions were determined using allylglycidyl ether as a model and extended to a wide range of other epoxides. Cyclic carbonates were obtained with very high yield in a few hours under mild conditions (2-7 bar≈0.2-0.7 MPa, 80 °C) and no solvent.

Activated lipidic cyclic carbonates for non-isocyanate polyurethane synthesis

Activated 5-membered cyclic carbonates were prepared from glycerol and fatty acid derivatives.

Synthesis of bio-based thermoplastic polyurethane elastomers containing isosorbide and polycarbonate diol and their biocompatible properties

A new family of highly elastic polyurethanes (PUs) partially based on renewable isosorbide were prepared by reacting hexamethylene diisocyanate with a various ratios of isosorbide and polycarbonate diol 2000 (PCD) via a one-step bulk condensation polymerization without catalyst. The influence of the isorsorbide/PCD ratio on the properties of the PU was evaluated. The successful synthesis of the PUs was confirmed by Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance. The resulting PUs showed high number-average molecular weights ranging from 56,320 to 126,000 g mol−1 and tunable Tg values from −34 to −38℃. The thermal properties were determined by differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis. The PU films were flexible with breaking strains from 955% to 1795% at from 13.5 to 54.2 MPa tensile stress. All the PUs had 0.9–2.8% weight lost over 4 weeks and continual slow weight loss of 1.1–3.6% was observed within 8 weeks. Although the cells showed a slight lower rate of proliferation than that of the tissue culture polystyrene as a control, the PU films were considered to be cytocompatible and nontoxic. These thermoplastic PUs were soft, flexible and biocompatible polymers, which open up a range of opportunities for soft tissue augmentation and regeneration.

Structural and thermal properties of poly(1,4-cyclohexane dimethylene terephthalate) containing isosorbide

Poly(1,4-cyclohexanedimethylene isosorbide terephthalate) (PICT) copolymers were synthesized by melt condensation with various contents of the corn derived monomer isosorbide (ISB).

Aliphatic thermoplastic polyurethane-ureas and polyureas synthesized through a non-isocyanate route

Aliphatic thermoplastic polyurethane-ureas and polyureas were prepared through a non-isocyanate route via direct melt transurethane polycondensation of diamines with diurethanediols.

Fatty acid-based (bis) 6-membered cyclic carbonates as efficient isocyanate free poly(hydroxyurethane) precursors

Highly reactive (bis) 6-membered cyclic carbonates (b6CC) were prepared from fatty acid derivatives. Isocyanate free poly(hydroxyurethane)s were then synthesized and characterized.

Polymerization of nonfood biomass-derived monomers to sustainable polymers

The development of sustainable routes to fine chemicals, liquid fuels, and polymeric materials from natural resources has attracted significant attention from academia, industry, the general public, and governments owing to dwindling fossil resources, surging energy demand, global warming concerns, and other environmental problems. Cellulosic material, such as grasses, trees, corn stover, or wheat straw, is the most abundant nonfood renewable biomass resources on earth. Such annually renewable material can potentially meet our future needs with a low carbon footprint if it can be efficiently converted into fuels, value added chemicals, or polymeric materials. This chapter focuses on various renewable monomers derived directly from cellulose or cellulose platforms and corresponding sustainable polymers or copolymers produced therefrom. Recent advances related to the polymerization processes and the properties of novel biomass-derived polymers are also reviewed and discussed.

Original biobased nonisocyanate polyurethanes: solvent- and catalyst-free synthesis, thermal properties and rheological behaviour

Novel biobased NonIsocyanate PolyUrethanes (NIPUs) were synthesized from dimer-based diamines and sebacic biscyclocarbonate in bulk, and without catalyst.