51
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Du W, Xu A, Huang Y, Cao J, Zhu H, Yang B, Shao X, He Q, Ying M. The role of autophagy in targeted therapy for acute myeloid leukemia. Autophagy 2020; 17:2665-2679. [PMID: 32917124 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2020.1822628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Although molecular targeted therapies have recently displayed therapeutic effects in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), limited response and acquired resistance remain common problems. Numerous studies have associated autophagy, an essential degradation process involved in the cellular response to stress, with the development and therapeutic response of cancers including AML. Thus, we review studies on the role of autophagy in AML development and summarize the linkage between autophagy and several recurrent genetic abnormalities in AML, highlighting the potential of capitalizing on autophagy modulation in targeted therapy for AML.Abbreviations: AML: acute myeloid leukemia; AMPK: AMP-activated protein kinase; APL: acute promyelocytic leukemia; ATG: autophagy related; ATM: ATM serine/threonine kinase; ATO: arsenic trioxide; ATRA: all trans retinoic acid; BCL2: BCL2 apoptosis regulator; BECN1: beclin 1; BET proteins, bromodomain and extra-terminal domain family; CMA: chaperone-mediated autophagy; CQ: chloroquine; DNMT, DNA methyltransferase; DOT1L: DOT1 like histone lysine methyltransferase; FLT3: fms related receptor tyrosine kinase 3; FIS1: fission, mitochondrial 1; HCQ: hydroxychloroquine; HSC: hematopoietic stem cell; IDH: isocitrate dehydrogenase; ITD: internal tandem duplication; KMT2A/MLL: lysine methyltransferase 2A; LSC: leukemia stem cell; MDS: myelodysplastic syndromes; MTORC1: mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase complex 1; MAP1LC3/LC3: microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3; NPM1: nucleophosmin 1; PIK3C3/VPS34: phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase catalytic subunit type 3; PML: PML nuclear body scaffold; ROS: reactive oxygen species; RB1CC1/FIP200: RB1 inducible coiled-coil 1; SAHA: vorinostat; SQSTM1: sequestosome 1; TET2: tet methylcytosine dioxygenase 2; TKD: tyrosine kinase domain; TKI: tyrosine kinase inhibitor; TP53/p53: tumor protein p53; ULK1: unc-51 like autophagy activating kinase 1; VPA: valproic acid; WDFY3/ALFY: WD repeat and FYVE domain containing 3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxin Du
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Aixiao Xu
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yunpeng Huang
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ji Cao
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hong Zhu
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bo Yang
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuejing Shao
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiaojun He
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Meidan Ying
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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52
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Andrade-Tomaz M, de Souza I, Ribeiro Reily Rocha C, Rodrigues Gomes L. The Role of Chaperone-Mediated Autophagy in Cell Cycle Control and Its Implications in Cancer. Cells 2020; 9:cells9092140. [PMID: 32971884 PMCID: PMC7565978 DOI: 10.3390/cells9092140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The cell cycle involves a network of proteins that modulate the sequence and timing of proliferation events. Unregulated proliferation is the most fundamental hallmark of cancer; thus, changes in cell cycle control are at the heart of malignant transformation processes. Several cellular processes can interfere with the cell cycle, including autophagy, the catabolic pathway involved in degradation of intracellular constituents in lysosomes. According to the mechanism used to deliver cargo to the lysosome, autophagy can be classified as macroautophagy (MA), microautophagy (MI), or chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA). Distinct from other autophagy types, CMA substrates are selectively recognized by a cytosolic chaperone, one-by-one, and then addressed for degradation in lysosomes. The function of MA in cell cycle control, and its influence in cancer progression, are already well-established. However, regulation of the cell cycle by CMA, in the context of tumorigenesis, has not been fully addressed. This review aims to present and debate the molecular mechanisms by which CMA can interfere in the cell cycle, in the context of cancer. Thus, cell cycle modulators, such as MYC, hypoxia-inducible factor-1 subunit alpha (HIF-1α), and checkpoint kinase 1 (CHK1), regulated by CMA activity will be discussed. Finally, the review will focus on how CMA dysfunction may impact the cell cycle, and as consequence promote tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Andrade-Tomaz
- Departamento de Oncologia Clínica e Experimental, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo 04037-003, SP, Brazil; (M.A.-T.); (I.d.S.); (C.R.R.R.)
| | - Izadora de Souza
- Departamento de Oncologia Clínica e Experimental, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo 04037-003, SP, Brazil; (M.A.-T.); (I.d.S.); (C.R.R.R.)
| | - Clarissa Ribeiro Reily Rocha
- Departamento de Oncologia Clínica e Experimental, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo 04037-003, SP, Brazil; (M.A.-T.); (I.d.S.); (C.R.R.R.)
| | - Luciana Rodrigues Gomes
- Laboratório de Ciclo Celular, Center of Toxins, Immune Response and Cell Signaling (CeTICS), Instituto Butantan, São Paulo 05503-001, SP, Brazil
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-11-2627-3755
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53
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Ichikawa A, Fujita Y, Hosaka Y, Kadota T, Ito A, Yagishita S, Watanabe N, Fujimoto S, Kawamoto H, Saito N, Yoshida M, Hashimoto M, Minagawa S, Hara H, Motoi N, Yamamoto Y, Ochiya T, Araya J, Kuwano K. Chaperone-mediated autophagy receptor modulates tumor growth and chemoresistance in non-small cell lung cancer. Cancer Sci 2020; 111:4154-4165. [PMID: 32860290 PMCID: PMC7648026 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA) is a lysosomal degradation pathway of selective soluble proteins. Lysosome-associated membrane protein type 2a (LAMP2A) is the key receptor protein of CMA; downregulation of LAMP2A leads to CMA blockade. Although CMA activation has been involved in cancer growth, CMA status and functions in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) by focusing on the roles in regulating chemosensitivity remain to be clarified. In this study, we found that LAMP2A expression is elevated in NSCLC cell lines and patient's tumors, conferring poor survival and platinum resistance in NSCLC patients. LAMP2A knockdown in NSCLC cells suppressed cell proliferation and colony formation and increased the sensitivity to chemotherapeutic drugs in vitro. Furthermore, we found that intrinsic apoptosis signaling is the mechanism of cell death involved with CMA blockade. Remarkably, LAMP2A knockdown repressed tumorigenicity and sensitized the tumors to cisplatin treatment in NSCLC-bearing mice. Our discoveries suggest that LAMP2A is involved in the regulation of cancer malignant phenotypes and represents a promising new target against chemoresistant NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Ichikawa
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Respiratory Diseases, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yu Fujita
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Respiratory Diseases, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Division of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yusuke Hosaka
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Respiratory Diseases, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Kadota
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Respiratory Diseases, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Division of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akihiko Ito
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Respiratory Diseases, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigehiro Yagishita
- Division of Molecular Pharmacology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoaki Watanabe
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Respiratory Diseases, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Division of Cellular Signaling, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shota Fujimoto
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Respiratory Diseases, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hironori Kawamoto
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Respiratory Diseases, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nayuta Saito
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Respiratory Diseases, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahiro Yoshida
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Respiratory Diseases, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mitsuo Hashimoto
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Respiratory Diseases, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Minagawa
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Respiratory Diseases, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiromichi Hara
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Respiratory Diseases, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Noriko Motoi
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yusuke Yamamoto
- Division of Cellular Signaling, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takahiro Ochiya
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jun Araya
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Respiratory Diseases, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Kuwano
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Respiratory Diseases, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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54
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Bonam SR, Bayry J, Tschan MP, Muller S. Progress and Challenges in The Use of MAP1LC3 as a Legitimate Marker for Measuring Dynamic Autophagy In Vivo. Cells 2020; 9:E1321. [PMID: 32466347 PMCID: PMC7291013 DOI: 10.3390/cells9051321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Tremendous efforts have been made these last decades to increase our knowledge of intracellular degradative systems, especially in the field of autophagy. The role of autophagy in the maintenance of cell homeostasis is well documented and the existence of defects in the autophagic machinery has been largely described in diseases and aging. Determining the alterations occurring in the many forms of autophagy that coexist in cells and tissues remains complicated, as this cellular process is highly dynamic in nature and can vary from organ to organ in the same individual. Although autophagy is extensively studied, its functioning in different tissues and its links with other biological processes is still poorly understood. Several assays have been developed to monitor autophagy activity in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo, based on different markers, the use of various inhibitors and activators, and distinct techniques. This review emphasizes the methods applied to measure (macro-)autophagy in tissue samples and in vivo via a protein, which centrally intervenes in the autophagy pathway, the microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3 (MAP1LC3), which is the most widely used marker and the first identified to associate with autophagosomal structures. These approaches are presented and discussed in terms of pros and cons. Some recommendations are provided to improve the reliability of the interpretation of results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinivasa Reddy Bonam
- CNRS, Biotechnology and Cell Signaling, Ecole Supérieure de Biotechnologie de Strasbourg, Illkirch, 67412 Strasbourg University/Laboratory of Excellence Medalis, 67000 Strasbourg, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, 75006 Paris, France;
| | - Jagadeesh Bayry
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, 75006 Paris, France;
| | - Mario P. Tschan
- Institute of Pathology, Division of Experimental Pathology, University of Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland;
| | - Sylviane Muller
- CNRS, Biotechnology and Cell Signaling, Ecole Supérieure de Biotechnologie de Strasbourg, Illkirch, 67412 Strasbourg University/Laboratory of Excellence Medalis, 67000 Strasbourg, France
- Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire OMICARE, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Strasbourg University, 67000 Strasbourg, France
- University of Strasbourg Institute for Advanced Study, 67000 Strasbourg, France
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55
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Molecular Chaperones and Proteolytic Machineries Regulate Protein Homeostasis In Aging Cells. Cells 2020; 9:cells9051308. [PMID: 32456366 PMCID: PMC7291254 DOI: 10.3390/cells9051308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Throughout their life cycles, cells are subject to a variety of stresses that lead to a compromise between cell death and survival. Survival is partially provided by the cell proteostasis network, which consists of molecular chaperones, a ubiquitin-proteasome system of degradation and autophagy. The cooperation of these systems impacts the correct function of protein synthesis/modification/transport machinery starting from the adaption of nascent polypeptides to cellular overcrowding until the utilization of damaged or needless proteins. Eventually, aging cells, in parallel to the accumulation of flawed proteins, gradually lose their proteostasis mechanisms, and this loss leads to the degeneration of large cellular masses and to number of age-associated pathologies and ultimately death. In this review, we describe the function of proteostasis mechanisms with an emphasis on the possible associations between them.
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56
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Humbert M, Morán M, de la Cruz-Ojeda P, Muntané J, Wiedmer T, Apostolova N, McKenna SL, Velasco G, Balduini W, Eckhart L, Janji B, Sampaio-Marques B, Ludovico P, Žerovnik E, Langer R, Perren A, Engedal N, Tschan MP. Assessing Autophagy in Archived Tissue or How to Capture Autophagic Flux from a Tissue Snapshot. BIOLOGY 2020; 9:E59. [PMID: 32245178 PMCID: PMC7150830 DOI: 10.3390/biology9030059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy is a highly conserved degradation mechanism that is essential for maintaining cellular homeostasis. In human disease, autophagy pathways are frequently deregulated and there is immense interest in targeting autophagy for therapeutic approaches. Accordingly, there is a need to determine autophagic activity in human tissues, an endeavor that is hampered by the fact that autophagy is characterized by the flux of substrates whereas histology informs only about amounts and localization of substrates and regulators at a single timepoint. Despite this challenging task, considerable progress in establishing markers of autophagy has been made in recent years. The importance of establishing clear-cut autophagy markers that can be used for tissue analysis cannot be underestimated. In this review, we attempt to summarize known techniques to quantify autophagy in human tissue and their drawbacks. Furthermore, we provide some recommendations that should be taken into consideration to improve the reliability and the interpretation of autophagy biomarkers in human tissue samples.
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Grants
- none Bernese Cancer League
- none Stiftung für klinisch-experimentelle Tumorforschung
- none Werner and Hedy Berger-Janser Foundation for Cancer Research
- PI14/01085 and PI17/00093 FIS and FEDER funds from the EU
- CPII16/00023 ISCIII and FSE funds
- RTI2018-096748-B-100 the Spanish Minsitry of Science, Innovation and Universities
- none University Professor Training Fellowship, Ministry of Science, Innovation and University, Government of Spain
- PI18/00442 the State Plan for R & D + I2013-2016 and funded by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III
- none European Regional Development Fund
- C18/BM/12670304/COMBATIC Luxembourg National Research Fund
- NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000013 Northern Portugal Regional Operational Programme (NORTE 2020), under the Portugal 2020 Partnership Agreement, by the European Regional Development Fund (FEDER), through the Competitiveness Factors Operational Programme (COMPETE)
- POCI-01-0145-FEDER-028159 and POCI-01-0145-FEDER-030782 FEDER, through the COMPETE
- none National funds, through the Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT
- none ARRS - the Slovenian research agency, programme P1-0140: Proteolysis and its regulation
- KFS-3360-02-2014 the Swiss Cancer Research
- KFS-3409-02-2014 the Swiss Cancer Research
- 31003A_173219 Swiss National Science Foundation
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Affiliation(s)
- Magali Humbert
- TRANSAUTOPHAGY: European Network for Multidisciplinary Research and Translation of Autophagy Knowledge, COST Action CA15138, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; (M.M.); (J.M.); (N.A.); (S.L.M.); (G.V.); (W.B.); (L.E.); (B.J.); (B.S.-M.); (P.L.); (E.Ž.); (N.E.)
- Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Murtenstrasse 31, CH-3008 Bern, Switzerland; (T.W.); (R.L.); (A.P.)
| | - María Morán
- TRANSAUTOPHAGY: European Network for Multidisciplinary Research and Translation of Autophagy Knowledge, COST Action CA15138, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; (M.M.); (J.M.); (N.A.); (S.L.M.); (G.V.); (W.B.); (L.E.); (B.J.); (B.S.-M.); (P.L.); (E.Ž.); (N.E.)
- Mitochondrial and Neuromuscular Diseases Laboratory, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital ‘12 de Octubre’ (‘imas12’), 28041 Madrid, Spain
- Spanish Network for Biomedical Research in Rare Diseases (CIBERER), U723, Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia de la Cruz-Ojeda
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), Hospital University “Virgen del Rocío”/CSIC/University of Seville, 41013 Seville, Spain;
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
| | - Jordi Muntané
- TRANSAUTOPHAGY: European Network for Multidisciplinary Research and Translation of Autophagy Knowledge, COST Action CA15138, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; (M.M.); (J.M.); (N.A.); (S.L.M.); (G.V.); (W.B.); (L.E.); (B.J.); (B.S.-M.); (P.L.); (E.Ž.); (N.E.)
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), Hospital University “Virgen del Rocío”/CSIC/University of Seville, 41013 Seville, Spain;
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
- Spanish Network for Biomedical Research in Hepatic and Digestive Diseases (CIBERehd), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Tabea Wiedmer
- Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Murtenstrasse 31, CH-3008 Bern, Switzerland; (T.W.); (R.L.); (A.P.)
| | - Nadezda Apostolova
- TRANSAUTOPHAGY: European Network for Multidisciplinary Research and Translation of Autophagy Knowledge, COST Action CA15138, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; (M.M.); (J.M.); (N.A.); (S.L.M.); (G.V.); (W.B.); (L.E.); (B.J.); (B.S.-M.); (P.L.); (E.Ž.); (N.E.)
- Spanish Network for Biomedical Research in Hepatic and Digestive Diseases (CIBERehd), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Sharon L. McKenna
- TRANSAUTOPHAGY: European Network for Multidisciplinary Research and Translation of Autophagy Knowledge, COST Action CA15138, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; (M.M.); (J.M.); (N.A.); (S.L.M.); (G.V.); (W.B.); (L.E.); (B.J.); (B.S.-M.); (P.L.); (E.Ž.); (N.E.)
- Cancer Research at UCC, Western Gateway Building, University College Cork, T12 XF62 Cork, Ireland
| | - Guillermo Velasco
- TRANSAUTOPHAGY: European Network for Multidisciplinary Research and Translation of Autophagy Knowledge, COST Action CA15138, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; (M.M.); (J.M.); (N.A.); (S.L.M.); (G.V.); (W.B.); (L.E.); (B.J.); (B.S.-M.); (P.L.); (E.Ž.); (N.E.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, Complutense University, and Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Walter Balduini
- TRANSAUTOPHAGY: European Network for Multidisciplinary Research and Translation of Autophagy Knowledge, COST Action CA15138, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; (M.M.); (J.M.); (N.A.); (S.L.M.); (G.V.); (W.B.); (L.E.); (B.J.); (B.S.-M.); (P.L.); (E.Ž.); (N.E.)
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029 Urbino, Italy
| | - Leopold Eckhart
- TRANSAUTOPHAGY: European Network for Multidisciplinary Research and Translation of Autophagy Knowledge, COST Action CA15138, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; (M.M.); (J.M.); (N.A.); (S.L.M.); (G.V.); (W.B.); (L.E.); (B.J.); (B.S.-M.); (P.L.); (E.Ž.); (N.E.)
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Bassam Janji
- TRANSAUTOPHAGY: European Network for Multidisciplinary Research and Translation of Autophagy Knowledge, COST Action CA15138, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; (M.M.); (J.M.); (N.A.); (S.L.M.); (G.V.); (W.B.); (L.E.); (B.J.); (B.S.-M.); (P.L.); (E.Ž.); (N.E.)
- Tumor Immunotherapy and Microenvironment (TIME) Group, Department of Oncology—Luxembourg Institute of Health, 1526 Luxembourg City, Luxembourg
| | - Belém Sampaio-Marques
- TRANSAUTOPHAGY: European Network for Multidisciplinary Research and Translation of Autophagy Knowledge, COST Action CA15138, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; (M.M.); (J.M.); (N.A.); (S.L.M.); (G.V.); (W.B.); (L.E.); (B.J.); (B.S.-M.); (P.L.); (E.Ž.); (N.E.)
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s—PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Paula Ludovico
- TRANSAUTOPHAGY: European Network for Multidisciplinary Research and Translation of Autophagy Knowledge, COST Action CA15138, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; (M.M.); (J.M.); (N.A.); (S.L.M.); (G.V.); (W.B.); (L.E.); (B.J.); (B.S.-M.); (P.L.); (E.Ž.); (N.E.)
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s—PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Eva Žerovnik
- TRANSAUTOPHAGY: European Network for Multidisciplinary Research and Translation of Autophagy Knowledge, COST Action CA15138, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; (M.M.); (J.M.); (N.A.); (S.L.M.); (G.V.); (W.B.); (L.E.); (B.J.); (B.S.-M.); (P.L.); (E.Ž.); (N.E.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Structural Biology, Jožef Stefan Institute, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Rupert Langer
- Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Murtenstrasse 31, CH-3008 Bern, Switzerland; (T.W.); (R.L.); (A.P.)
| | - Aurel Perren
- Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Murtenstrasse 31, CH-3008 Bern, Switzerland; (T.W.); (R.L.); (A.P.)
| | - Nikolai Engedal
- TRANSAUTOPHAGY: European Network for Multidisciplinary Research and Translation of Autophagy Knowledge, COST Action CA15138, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; (M.M.); (J.M.); (N.A.); (S.L.M.); (G.V.); (W.B.); (L.E.); (B.J.); (B.S.-M.); (P.L.); (E.Ž.); (N.E.)
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, 0424 Oslo, Norway
| | - Mario P. Tschan
- TRANSAUTOPHAGY: European Network for Multidisciplinary Research and Translation of Autophagy Knowledge, COST Action CA15138, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; (M.M.); (J.M.); (N.A.); (S.L.M.); (G.V.); (W.B.); (L.E.); (B.J.); (B.S.-M.); (P.L.); (E.Ž.); (N.E.)
- Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Murtenstrasse 31, CH-3008 Bern, Switzerland; (T.W.); (R.L.); (A.P.)
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57
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Autophagy in the Immunosuppressive Perivascular Microenvironment of Glioblastoma. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 12:cancers12010102. [PMID: 31906065 PMCID: PMC7016956 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12010102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GB) has been shown to up-regulate autophagy with anti- or pro-oncogenic effects. Recently, our group has shown how GB cells aberrantly up-regulate chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA) in pericytes of peritumoral areas to modulate their immune function through cell-cell interaction and in the tumor’s own benefit. Thus, to understand GB progression, the effect that GB cells could have on autophagy of immune cells that surround the tumor needs to be deeply explored. In this review, we summarize all the latest evidence of several molecular and cellular immunosuppressive mechanisms in the perivascular tumor microenvironment. This immunosuppression has been reported to facilitate GB progression and may be differently modulated by several types of autophagy as a critical point to be considered for therapeutic interventions.
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